六级阅读真题专练

PassageOne

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Intheworldofentertainment,TVtalkshowshaveundoubtedlyfloodedeveryinchofspaceondaytimetelevision.And

anyonewhowatchesthemregularlyknowsthateachonevariesinstyleandformat.Butnotwoshowsaremoreprofoundly

oppositeincontent,whileatthesametimestandingoutabovetherest,thantheJerrySpringerandtheOprahWinfreyshows.

JerrySpringercouldeasilybeconsideredthekingof“trashtalk(废话)Thetopicsonhisshowareasshockingas

shockingcanbe.Forexample,theshowtakestheever-commontalkshowthemesoflove,sex,cheating,guilt,hate,conflict

andmoralitytoadifferentlevel.Clearly,theJerrySpringershowisadisplayandexploitationofsociety'smoralcatastrophes

(灾难),yetpeoplearewillingtoeatuptheintriguingpredicaments(困境)ofotherpeople'slives.

LikeJerrySpringer,OprahWinfreytakesTVtalkshowtoitsextreme,butOprahgoesintheoppositedirection.Theshow

focusesontheimprovementofsocietyandanindividual'squalityoflife.Topicsrangefromteachingyourchildren

responsibility,managingyourworkweek,togettingtoknowyourneighbors.

ComparedtoOprah,theJerrySpringershowlookslikepoisonouswastebeingdumpedonsociety.Jerryendseveryshow

witha“finalword”.Hemakesasmallspeechthatsumsuptheentiremoraloftheshow.Hopefully,thisisthepartwheremost

peoplewilllearnsomethingveryvaluable.

Cleanasitis,theOprahshowisnotforeveryone.Theshow'smaintargetaudiencearemiddle-classAmericans.Mostof

thesepeoplehavethetime.Money,andstabilitytodealwithlife'stougherproblems.JerrySpringer,ontheotherhand,has

moreofanassociationwiththeyoungadultsofsociety.Theseare18-to21-year-oldswhosemaintroublesinlifeinvolvelove,

relationship,sex,moneyandpeers.Theyaretheoneswhoseesomevalueandlessonstobelearnedunderneaththeshow's

exploitation.

Whilethetwoshowsareasdifferentasnightandday.Bothhaveruledthetalkshowcircuitformanyyearsnow.Eachone

caterstoadifferentaudiencewhilebothhaveastrongfollowingfromlargegroupsoffans.Ironically,bothcouldalsobe

consideredpioneersinthetalkshowworld.

21.ComparedwithotherTVtalkshows,boththeJerrySpringerandtheOprahWinfreyare.

A)morefamily-oriented

B)unusuallypopular

C)moreprofound

D)relativelyformal

22.ThoughthesocialproblemsJerrySpringertalksaboutappeardistasteful,theaudience.

A)remainfascinatedbythem

B)arereadytofaceuptothem

C)remainindifferenttothem

D)arewillingtogetinvolvedinthem

23.WhichofthefollowingislikelytobeatopicoftheOprahWinfreyshow?

A)Anewtypeofrobot.

B)Racisthatred.

C)Familybudgetplanning.

D)Streetviolence.

24.Despitetheirdifferentapproaches,thetwotalkshowsareboth.

A)ironical

B)sensitive

C)instructive

D)cynical

25.Wecanleamfromthepassagethatthetwotalkshows.

A)havemonopolizedthetalkshowcircuit

B)exploittheweaknessesinhumannature

C)appearatdifferenttimesoftheday

D)aretargetedatdifferentaudiences

PassageTwo

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Tounderstandthemarketingconcept,itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling.Not

toomanyyearsago,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon"persuasive

salesmanship^^tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.Suchproductionandsellingfocusesontheneedsofthesellerto

producegoodsandthenconvertthemintomoney.

Marketing,ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesand

demandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem.Thiseye-on-the-consumerapproachisknownasthe

marketingconcept,whichsimplymeansthatinsteadoftryingtosellwhateveriseasiesttoproduceorbuyforresale,themakers

anddealersfirstendeavortofindoutwhattheconsumerwantstobuyandthengoaboutmakingitavailableforpurchase.

Thisconceptdoesnotimplythatbusinessisbenevolent(慈善iKl)orthatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofit

inacompany.Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinesstransaction-thefirmandthecustomer-andeachmustbesatisfied

beforetradeoccurs.Successfulmerchantsandproducers,however,recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthrough

understandingandcateringtocustomers.Astrikingexampleoftheimportanceofcateringtotheconsumerpresenteditselfin

mid-1985,whenCocaColachangedtheflavorofitsdrink.Thenon-acceptanceofthenewflavorbyasignificantportionofthe

publicbroughtaboutapromptrestorationoftheClassicCoke,whichwasthenmarketedalongsidethenewKingCustomer

ruled!

26.Themarketingconceptdiscussedinthepassageis,inessence,.

A)thepracticeofturninggoodsintomoney

B)makinggoodsavailableforpurchase

C)thecustomer-centredapproach

D)aformofpersuasivesalesmanship

27.Whatwasthemainconcernofindustrialistsbeforethemarketingconceptwaswidelyaccepted?

A)Theneedsofthemarket.

B)Theefficiencyofproduction.

C)Thesatisfactionoftheuser.

D)Thepreferencesofthedealer.

28.Accordingtothepassage,<4tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible^^(Lines3-4,Para.I)means/

A)tosellthelargestpossibleamountofgoods

B)totransportgoodsasefficientlyaspossible

C)todisposeofthesegoodsinlargequantities

D)toredesignthesegoodsforlarge-scaleproduction

29.WhatdoestherestorationoftheClassicCokebestillustrate?

A)Traditionalgoodshaveastrongerappealtothemajorityofpeople.

B)Ittakestimeforanewproducttobeacceptedbythepublic.

C)Consumerswithconservativetastesareoftendifficulttoplease.

D)Productsmustbedesignedtosuitthetasteoftheconsumer.

30.Indiscussingthemarketingconcept,theauthorfocuseson.

A)itsmaincharacteristic

B)itssocialimpact

C)itspossibleconsequence

D)itstheoreticalbasis

PassageThree

Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Conventionalwisdomaboutconflictseemsprettymuchcutanddried.Toolittleconflictbreedsapathy(冷漠)and

stagnation(呆滞).Toomuchconflictleadstodivisiveness(分裂)andhostility.Moderatelevelsofconflict,however,can

sparkcreativityandmotivatepeopleinahealthyandcompetitiveway.

RecentresearchbyProfessorCharlesR.Schwenk,however,suggeststhattheoptimallevelofconflictmaybemore

complextodeterminethanthesesimplegeneralizations.Hestudiedperceptionsofconflictamongasampleofexecutives.

Someoftheexecutivesworkedforprofit-seekingorganizationsandothersfornot-for-profitorganizations.

Somewhatsurprisingly,Schwenkfoundthatopinionsaboutconflictvariedsystematicallyasafunctionofthetypeof

organization.Specifically,managersinnot-for-profitorganizationsstronglybelievedthatconflictwasbeneficialtotheir

organizationsandthatitpromotedhigherqualitydecisionmakingthanmightbeachievedintheabsenceofconflict.

Managersoffor-profitorganizationssawadifferentpicture.Theybelievedthatconflictgenerallywasdamagingand

usuallyledtopoor-qualitydecisionmakingintheirorganizations.Schwenkinterpretedtheseresultsintermsofthecriteriafor

effectivedecisionmakingsuggestedbytheexecutives.Intheprofit-seekingorganizations,decision-makingeffectivenesswas

mostoftenassessedinfinancialterms.Theexecutivesbelievedthatconsensusratherthanconflictenhancedfinancial

indicators.

Inthenot-for-profitorganizations,decision-makingeffectivenesswasdefinedfromtheperspectiveofsatisfying

constituents.Giventhecomplexitiesandambiguitiesassociatedwithsatisfyingmanydiverseconstituentsexecutivesperceived

thatconflictledtomoreconsideredandacceptabledecisions.

31.Intheeyesoftheauthor,conventionalopiniononconflictis.

A)wrong

B)oversimplified

C)misleading

D)unclear

32.ProfessorCharlesR.Schwenk'sresearchshows.

A)theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofconflict

B)therealvalueofconflict

C)thedifficultyindeterminingtheoptimallevelofconflict

D)thecomplexityofdefiningtherolesofconflict

33.WecanlearnfromSchwenk'sresearchthat.

A)aperson'sviewofconflictisinfluencedbythepurposeofhisorganization

B)conflictisnecessaryformanagersoffor-profitorganizations

C)differentpeopleresolveconflictsindifferentways

D)itisimpossibleforpeopletoavoidconflict

34.Thepassagesuggeststhatinfor-profitorganizations.

A)thereisnoendofconflict

B)expressionofdifferentopinionsisencouraged

C)decisionsmustbejustifiable

D)successliesingeneralagreement

35.Peopleworkinginanot-for-profitorganization.

A)seemtobedifficulttosatisfy

B)arefreetoexpressdiverseopinions

C)arelesseifectiveinmakingdecisions

D)finditeasiertoreachagreement

PassageFour

Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Imagineeatingeverythingdeliciousyouwant—withnoneofthefat.Thatwouldbegreat,wouldn'tit?

New“fakefat“productsappearedonstoreshelvesintheUnitedStatesrecently,butnoteveryoneishappyaboutit.Makers

oftheproducts,whichcontainacompoundcalledolestra,sayfoodmanufacturerscannoweliminatefatfromcertainfoods.

Critics,however,saythenewcompoundcanrobthebodyofessentialvitaminsandnutrients(营养物)andcanalsocause

unpleasantsideeffectsinsomepeople.Soit'suptoconsumerstodecidewhetherthenewfat-freeproductstastegoodenough

tokeepeating.

Chemistsdiscoveredolestrainthelate1960s,whentheyweresearchingforafatthatcouldbedigestedbyinfantsmore

easily.Insteadoffindingthedesiredfat,theresearcherscreatedafatthatcan'tbedigestedatall.

Normally,specialchemicalsintheintestines(肠)“grab”moleculesofregularfatandbreakthemdownsotheycanbe

usedbythebody.Amoleculeofregularfatismadeupofthreemoleculeofsubstancescalledfattyacids.

ThefattyacidsareabsorbedbytheintestinesandbringwiththemtheessentialvitaminsA,D,E,andK.Whenfat

moleculesarepresentintheintestineswithanyofthosevitamins,thevitaminsattachtothemoleculesandareearnedintothe

bloodstream.

Olestra,whichismadefromsixtoeightmoleculesoffattyacids,istoolargefortheintestinestoabsorb.Itjustslides

throughtheintestineswithoutbeingbrokendown.Manufacturerssayit'sthatabilitytoslideunchangedthroughtheintestines

thatmakesolestrasovaluableasafatsubstitute.Itprovidesconsumerswiththetasteofregularfatwithoutanybadeffectson

thebody.ButcriticssayolestracanpreventvitaminsA,D,E,andKfrombeingabsorbed.Itcanalsopreventtheabsorptionof

carotenoids(类胡萝卜素),compoundsthatmayreducetheriskofcancer,heartdisease,etc.

ManufacturersareaddingvitaminsA,D,E,andKaswellascarotenoidstotheirproductsnow.Evenso,somenutritionists

arestillconcernedthatpeoplemighteatunlimitedamountsoffoodmadewiththefatsubstitutewithoutworryingabouthow

manycaloriestheyareconsuming.

36.Welearnfromthepassagethatolestraisasubstancethat.

A)containsplentyofnutrients

B)rendersfoodscalorie-freewhileretainingtheirvitamins

C)makesfoodseasilydigestible

D)makesfoodsfat-freewhilekeepingthemdelicious

37.Theresultofthesearchforaneasilydigestiblefatturnedouttobe.

A)commerciallyuseless

B)justasanticipated

C)somewhatcontroversial

D)quiteunexpected

38.Olestraisdifferentfromordinaryfatsinthat.

A)itpassesthroughtheintestineswithoutbeingabsorbed

B)itfacilitatestheabsorptionofvitaminsbythebody

C)ithelpsreducetheincidenceofheartdisease

D)itpreventsexcessiveintakeofvitamins

39.Whatisapossiblenegativeeffectofolestraaccordingtosomecritics?

A)Itmayimpairthedigestivesystem.

B)Itmayaffecttheoverallfatintake.

C)Itmayincreasetheriskofcancer.

D)Itmanyspoiltheconsumers'appetite.

40.Whyarenutritionistsconcernedaboutaddingvitaminstoolestra?

A)Itmayleadtotheover-consumptionofvitamins.

B)Peoplemaybeinducedtoeatmorethanisnecessary.

C)Thefunctionoftheintestinesmaybeweakened.

D)Itmaytriggeranewwaveoffakefoodproduction.

2000.1

21.B22.A23.C24.C25.D26.C27.B28.A29.D30.A

31.B32.C33.A34.D35.B36.D37.D38.A39.C40.B

PassageOne

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Inthe1920sdemandforAmericanfarmproductsfell,asEuropeancountriesbegantorecoverfromWorldWarIand

institutedausterity(紧缩)programstoreducetheirimports.Theresultwasasharpdropinfarmprices.Thisperiodwasmore

disastrousforfarmersthanearliertimeshadbeen,becausefarmerswerenolongerself-sufficient.Theywerepayingfor

machinery,seed,andfertilizer,andtheywerealsobuyingconsumergoods.Thepricesoftheitemsfarmersboughtremained

constant,whilepricestheyreceivedfortheirproductsfell.ThesedevelopmentsweremadeworsebytheGreatDepression,

whichbeganin1929andextendedthroughoutthe1930s

In1929,underPresidentHerbertHoover,theFederalFarmBoardwasorganized.Itestablishedtheprincipleofdirect

interferencewithsupplyanddemand,anditrepresentedthefirstnationalcommitmenttoprovidegreatereconomicstabilityfor

farmers.

PresidentHoover'ssuccessorattachedevenmoreimportancetothisproblem.Oneofthefirstmeasuresproposedby

PresidentFranklinD.Rooseveltwhenhetookofficein1933wastheAgriculturalAdjustmentAct,whichwassubsequently

passedbyCongress.ThislawwasdeclaredunconstitutionalbytheSupremeCourtonthegroundsthatgeneraltaxeswerebeing

collectedtopayonespecialgroupofpeople.However,newlawswerepassedimmediatelythatachievedthesameresultof

restingsoilandprovidingflood-controlmeasures,butwhichwerebasedontheprincipleofsoilconservation.TheRoosevelt

Administrationbelievedthatrebuildingthenation'ssoilwasinthenationalinterestandwasnotsimplyaplantohelpfarmersat

theexpenseofothercitizens.Laterthegovernmentguaranteedloanstofarmerssothattheycouldbuyfarmmachinery,hybrid

(杂交)grain,andfertilizers.

21.WhatbroughtaboutthedeclineinthedemandforAmericanfarmproducts?

A)TheimpactoftheGreatDepression.

B)Theshrinkingofoverseasmarkets.

C)ThedestructioncausedbytheFirstWorldWar.

D)TheincreasedexportsofEuropeancountries.

22.ThechiefconcernoftheAmericangovernmentintheareaofagricultureinthe1920swas.

A)toincreasefarmproduction

B)toestablishagriculturallaws

C)topreventfannersfromgoingbankrupt

D)topromotethemechanizationofagriculture

23.TheAgriculturalAdjustmentActencouragedAmericanfarmersto.

A)reducetheirscaleofproduction

B)makefulluseoftheirland

C)adjustthepricesoftheirfarmproducts

D)beself-sufficientinagriculturalproduction

24.TheSupremeCourtrejectedtheAgriculturalAdjustmentActbecauseitbelievedthattheAct.

A)mightcausegreaterscarcityoffarmproducts

B)didn'tgivetheSecretaryofAgricultureenoughpower

C)wouldbenefitneitherthegovernmentnorthefarmers

D)benefitedonegroupofcitizensattheexpenseofothers

25.ItwasclaimedthatthenewlawspassedduringtheRooseveltAdministrationwereaimedat.

A)reducingthecostoffarming

B)conservingsoilinthelong-terminterestofthenation

C)loweringtheburdenoffarmers

D)helpingfarmerswithoutshiftingtheburdenontoothertaxpayers

PassageTwo

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Inthe1950s,thepioneersofartificialintelligence(AI)predictedthat,bytheendofthiscentury,computerswouldbe

conversingwithusatworkandrobotswouldbeperformingourhousework.Butasusefulascomputersare,they'renowhere

closetoachievinganythingremotelyresemblingtheseearlyaspirationsforhumanlikebehavior.Nevermindsomethingas

complexasconversation:themostpowerfulcomputersstruggletoreliablyrecognizetheshapeofanobject,themost

elementaryoftasksforaten-month-oldkid.

AgrowinggroupofAIresearchersthinktheyknowwherethefieldwentwrong.Theproblem,thescientistssay,isthatAI

hasbeentryingtoseparatethehighest,mostabstractlevelsofthought,likelanguageandmathematics,andtoduplicatethem

withlogical,step-by-stepprograms.AnewmovementinAI,ontheotherhand,takesacloserlookatthemoreroundaboutway

inwhichnaturecameupwithintelligence.Manyoftheseresearchersstudyevolutionandnaturaladaptationinsteadofformal

logicandconventionalcomputerprograms.Ratherthandigitalcomputersandtransistors,somewanttoworkwithbraincells

andproteins.Theresultsoftheseearlyeffortsareaspromisingastheyarepeculiar,andthenewnature-basedAImovementis

slowlybutsurelymovingtotheforefrontofthefield.

Imitatingthebrain'sneural(神经的)networkisahugestepintherightdirection,sayscomputerscientistandbiophysicist

MichaelConrad,butitstillmissesanimportantaspectofnaturalintelligence.''Peopletendtotreatthebrainasifitweremade

upofcolor-codedtransistors,heexplains,44butit'snotsimplyaclevernetworkofswitches.Therearelotsofimportantthings

goingoninsidethebraincellsthemselves.^^Specifically,Conradbelievesthatmanyofthebrain'scapabilitiesstemfromthe

pattern-recognitionproficiencyoftheindividualmoleculesthatmakeupeachbraincell.Thebestwaytobuildanartificially

intelligentdevice,heclaims,wouldbetobuilditaroundthesamesortofmolecularskills.

Rightnow,thenotionthatconventionalcomputersandsoftwarearefundamentallyincapableofmatchingtheprocessesthat

takeplaceinthebrainremainscontroversial.Butifitprovestrue,thentheeffortsofConradandhisfellowAIrebelscouldturn

outtobetheonlygameintown.

26.Theauthorsaysthatthepowerfulcomputersoftoday.

A)arecapableofreliablyrecognizingtheshapeofanobject

B)areclosetoexhibitinghumanlikebehavior

C)arenotverydifferentintheirperformancefromthoseofthe50's

D)stillcannotcommunicatewithpeopleinahumanlanguage

27.Thenewtrendinartificialintelligenceresearchstemsfrom.

A)theshiftofthefocusofstudyontotherecognitionoftheshapesofobjects

B)thebeliefthathumanintelligencecannotbeduplicatedwithlogical,step-by-stepprograms

C)theaspirationsofscientiststoduplicatetheintelligenceofaten-month-oldchild

D)theeffortsmadebyscientistsinthestudyofthesimilaritiesbetweentransistorsandbraincells

28.ConradandhisgroupofAIresearchershavebeenmakingenormouseffortsto.

A)findaroundaboutwaytodesignpowerfulcomputers

B)buildacomputerusingaclevernetworkofswitches

C)findouthowintelligencedevelopedinnature

D)separatethehighestandmostabstractlevelsofthought

29.What'stheauthor'sopinionaboutthenewAImovement?

A)Ithascreatedasensationamongartificialintelligenceresearchersbutwillsoondieout.

B)It'sbreakthroughinduplicatinghumanthoughtprocesses.

C)It'smorelikeapeculiargameratherthanarealscientificeffort.

D)Itmayprovetobeintherightdirectionthoughnobodyissureofitsfutureprospects.

30.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothephrase“theonlygameintown^^(Line3,Para.4)?

A)Theonlyapproachtobuildinganartificiallyintelligentcomputer.

B)Theonlywayforthemtowinaprizeinartificialintelligenceresearch.

C)Theonlyareaworthstudyingincomputerscience.

D)Theonlygametheywouldliketoplayintown.

PassageThree

Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

CarsaccountforhalftheoilconsumedintheU.S.,abouthalftheurbanpollutionandonefourththegreenhouse(温室)

gases.Theytakeasimilartollof(损耗)resourcesinotherindustrialnationsandinthecitiesofthedevelopingworld.As

vehicleusecontinuestoincreaseinthecomingdecade,theU.S.andothercountrieswillhavetodealwiththeseissuesorelse

faceunacceptableeconomic,health-relatedandpoliticalcosts.Itisunlikelythatoilpriceswillremainattheircurrentlowlevel

orthatothernationswillacceptalargeandgrowingU.S.contributiontoglobalclimaticchange.

Policymakersandindustryhavefouroptions:reducevehicleuse,increasetheefficiencyandreducetheemissionsof

conventionalgasoline-poweredvehicles,switchtolessharmfulfuels,orfindlesspollutingdrivingsystems.Thelastofthese-in

particulartheintroductionofvehiclespoweredbyelectricity—isultimatelytheonlysustainableoption.Theotheralternatives

areattractiveintheorybutinpracticeareeitherimpracticalorofferonlymarginalimprovements.Forexample,reducedvehicle

usecouldsolvetrafficproblemsandahostofsocialandenvironmentalproblems,butevidencefromaroundtheworldsuggests

thatitisverydifficulttomakepeoplegiveuptheircarstoanysignificantextent.IntheU.S.,mass-transittidershipand

carpooling(合伙用车)havedeclinedsinceWorldWarILEveninwesternEurope,withfuelpricesaveragingmorethan$1a

liter(about$4agallon)andwitheasilyaccessiblemasstransitanddensepopulations,carsstillaccountfor80percentofall

passengertravel.

Improvedenergyefficiencyisalsoappealing,butautomotivefueleconomyhasbarelymadeanyprogressin10years.

Alternativefuelssuchasnaturalgas,burnedininternal-combustionengines,couldbeintroducedatrelativelylowcost,butthey

wouldleadtoonlymarginalreductionsinpollutionandgreenhouseemissions(especiallybecauseoilcompaniesarealready

spendingbillionsofdollarseveryyeartodeveloplesspollutingtypesofgasoline).

31.Fromthepassageweknowthattheincreaseduseofcarswill.

A)consumehalfoftheoilproducedintheworld

B)haveseriousconsequencesforthewell-beingofallnations

C)widenthegapbetweenthedevelopedanddevelopingcountries

D)imposeanintolerableeconomicburdenonresidentsoflargecities

32.TheU.S.hastodealwiththeproblemsarisingfromvehicleusebecause.

A)mostAmericansarereluctanttoswitchtopublictransportationsystems

B)thepresentlevelofoilpricesisconsideredunacceptable

C)othercountrieswillprotestitsincreasinggreenhouseemissions

D)itshouldtakealeadinconservingnaturalresources

33.Whichofthefollowingisthebestsolutiontotheproblemsmentionedinthepassage?

A)Thedesigningofhighlyefficientcarengines.

B)Areductionofvehicleuseincities.

C)Thedevelopmentofelectriccars.

D)Theuseoflesspollutingfuels.

34.Whichofthefollowingispracticalbutonlymakesamarginalcontributiontosolvingtheproblemofgreenhouse

emissions?

A)Theuseoffuelsotherthangasoline.

B)Improvedenergyefficiency.

C)Theintroductionoflesspollutingdrivingsystems.

D)Reducingcarusebycarpooling.

35.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A)ThedeclineofpublictransportationaccountsforincreasedcaruseinwesternEurope.

B)CararepopularinwesternEuropeeventhoughfuelpricesarefairlyhigh.

C)ThereductionofvehicleuseistheonlysustainableoptionindenselypopulatedwesternEurope.

D)WesternEuropeanoilcompaniescannotsustainthecostofdevelopingnew-typefuels.

PassageFour

Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Reebokexecutivesdonotliketoheartheirstylishathleticshoescalled“footwearfory卬pies(雅皮士，少壮高薪职业人

士)TheycontendthatReebokshoesappealtodiversemarketsegments,especiallynowthatthecompanyoffersbasketball

andchildren'sshoesfortheunder-18setandwalkingshoesforoldercustomersnotinterestedinaerobics(健身操)orrunning.

Theexecutivesalsopointoutthatthroughrecentacquisitionstheyhaveaddedhikingboots,dressandcasualshoes,and

high-performanceathleticfootweartotheirproductlines,allofwhichshouldattractnewandvariedgroupsofcustomers.

Still,despiteitsemphasisonnewmarkets,Reehokplansfewchangesintheupmakeret(高档消费人群的)retailing

networkthathelpedpushsalesto$1billionannually,aheadofallothersportsshoemarketers.Reebokshoes,whicharepriced

form$27to$85,willcontinuetobesoldonlyinbetterspecialty,sportinggoods,anddepartmentstores,inaccordancewiththe

company'sviewthatconsumersjudgethequalityofthebrandbythequalityofitsdistribution.

Inthepastfewyears,theMassachusetts-basedcompanyhasimposedlimitsonthenumberofitsdistributors(andthe

numberofshoessuppliedtostores),partlyoutofnecessity.AttimestheunexpecteddemandforReebok'sexceededsupply,and

thecompanycouldbarelykeepupwithordersfromthedealersitalreadyhad.Thesefulfillmentproblemsseemtobeunder

controlnow,butthecompanyisstillselectiveaboutitsdistributors.Atpresent,Reebokshoesareavailableinaboutfive

thousandretailstoresintheUnitedStates.

Reebokhasalreadyanticipatedthatwalkingshoeswillbethenextfitness-relatedcraze,replacingaerobicsshoesthes