初中英语语法-感叹句

PAGEPAGE4第篇感叹句一、教学目标:1.掌握感叹句的六种句式。2.掌握如何将陈述句变为感叹句。二、教学重难点：1.How与what引导感叹句的不同。2.感叹句的省略。三、主要知识点：1.感叹句的定义用以表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子叫做感叹句（exclamatorysentence）.感叹句句尾常用感叹号，亦可用句号，朗读时用降调，在口语中常用省略句，有时只用一个词或词组。如：Great!Howcold!2.感叹句的六种句式一般说来，感叹句是由what或how开头的，它有两个类型，六种句式。掌握了它的搭配，即掌握了感叹句的重点。1.用what引导的感叹句有三种句式，此时，what为形容词，用作定语，修饰它后面的名词或名词词组（即感叹部分是名词性短语）。1）.What+a/an+形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！e.g.:Whatafinedayitis！多么好的天气啊！（辅音音素前用a）Whatanoldbuildingthatis！那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊（元音音素前用an）2）.What+形容词＋可数名词复数形式＋主语＋谓语！e.g.:Whatgoodteacherstheyare！他们是多么好的老师啊！Whatbeautifulflowerstheseare！这些是多么美丽的花啊！3).What+形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！e.g.:Whatthickicewearehavinghere！我们这儿的冰多厚啊！Whatroundbreaditis！这是一块多么圆的面包啊！2.用how开头的感叹句也有三种句式，此时，how是副词，用作状语，修饰后面的形容词、副词或动词。4).How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语！（即谓语动词是连系动词）e.g.:Howhotitistoday！今天天气多热啊！Howbeautifultheflowersare！这些花多么美丽啊！5).How＋副词＋主语＋谓语！e.g.:Howhardheworks！他工作多么努力啊！Howwellshesings！她歌唱得多好啊！6).How+主语＋谓语！（即谓语动词是行为动词）e.g.:Howshedances！她跳舞跳得多好啊！★注意：what和how引起的感叹句，在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分。e.g.:Howcold（itis）！Whatagoodgirl！Whatdeliciousfish！（三）陈述句变感叹句全解1.如何快速掌握感叹句？学会分析五种基本句型的句子成分是快速掌握感叹句的关键，陈述句变感叹句实际上,就是句子成分位置的移动。e.g.:Sheissmilingsweetly.

→Howsweetlysheissmiling!（移动状语）2.哪些句子成分可能会移动位置？通过对句子成分的分析我们就可以确定哪个句子成分需要挪动位置，一般说来含有形容词的名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语需要变动位置。位置可能会变动的句子成分：宾语、表语和状语。e.g.:Mr.Turnertoldusafunnystory.

→WhatafunnystoryMr.Turnertoldus!（移动宾语含有形容词的名词短语）3.如何确定使用what还是使用how？当我们做句型变换或选择题时需要自己确定到底是用what还是用how，一般可以这样来确定：位于主语之前的是名词短语时用what，是形容词或副词短语时用how。但这种格式例外:how+adj.+a/an+Ne.g.:Whatacoolbikeyouareriding!（acoolbike名词短语）Howfastheisriding!（fast副词）Howcoolabikeyouareriding!（how+adj.+a/an+N）4.如何判断是否使用冠词、使用什么样的冠词？名词的复数形式和不可数名词之前不使用冠词，以元音音素开头的词语之前用an，以辅音音素开头的词语之前用a。e.g.:Whatbeautifulsunshineitistoday!（sunshine不可数名词）Whatausefulbookthisis!（useful以辅音音素开头）Whatanoldhousethatis!（old以元音音素开头）5.感叹句的六种句式见“二”6.以what开头的句型和以how开头的句型怎样进行转换？ A.How B.What C.Whata D.Howa7.____brightgirlstheyare! A.What B.WhataC.HowD.Howa8.____interestingthefilmis!(1998湖北) A.What B.WhatanC.HowD.Howan9.________sunnyday!Let’sgooutforawalk.(1999江西) A.Howa B.HowC.WhataD.What10.________hardworkitis!(1999浙江) A.How B.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan11.________dayitis!It’srainyagain.(1999江西) A.Howbad B.WhatabadC.HowfineD.Whatafine12._________greatdayJuly1,1997willbe!(1999上海) A.Howa B.WhataC.How D.What13._________expensivetrousers!(1999浙江) A.What B.Whata C.How D.Whatan14.Thesunisshining.finedayitis! A.How B.Howa C.WhatD.Whata15.thickice!Wouldyouliketogoskating? A.What B.How C.WhataD.Howa16.colditistoday! A.What B.HowC.WhataD.Howa17.it’sblowing!A.Whatstrong B.HowstrongC.Howstrongly D.Whatstrongly18.___theyareplayingintheplayground! A.HowhappilyB.Howhappy C.WhathappyD.Whathappychildren19.beautifulflowers!Wheredidyoubuythem? A.How B.What C.WhataD.Howa20.honestAngelais! A.Howa B.Whatan C.WhataD.How21.usefulworkshehasdone! A.What B.How C.WhataD.Howa二.把下列句子改为感叹句：用what与how填空1.Hishandwritingisgood.→_____________goodhishandwritingis!2.Thesephotosarenice.→______________nicethesephotosare!3.Bettysingswell.→________wellBettysings!4.Theyareworkinghard.→__________hardtheyareworking!5.Jennywasverydisappointedwhenshesawthis.→______________disappointedJennywaswhenshesawthis.6.Itisawonderfulconcert→____________awonderfulconcertitis!7.Theylookedworried.→__________worriedtheylooked!8.TheyoungmanspeaksEnglishwell.→____________welltheyoungmanspeaksEnglish!9.Theyarebeautifulflowers.→_____________beautifulflowerstheyare!10.Itisadifficultproblem.→____________adifficultproblemitis!11.Tomhasstrongarms.→___________strongarmsTomhas!12.Imissedmyoldfriendsverymuch.→______________Imissedmyoldfriends!13.Thechildrenliketheirteacherverymuch.→__________thechildrenliketheirteacher!14.Thiskindofflowersmellsnice.→________nicethiskindofflowersmells!15.Timefliesfast.→___________fasttimeflies!16.Heworkshardathislessons.→___________hardheworksathislessons!17.Thepyramidsaremadeofhugestones.→_________hugestonesthepyramidsaremadeof!B类：一、选择题1._______girlsheis!A.WhatbrightaB.HowabrightC.HowbrightaD.Whatbright2._______weatherwehavetoday!A.AfineB.WhatafineC.HowafineD.Whatfine3.________carelessheis!A.WhatB.How C.SomuchD.Howmuch4.________fromBeijingtoLondon!A.HowlongwayitisB.Whatalongwayisit

C.Howlongwayisit D.Whatalongwayitis5.Oh,John,_________yougaveus!

A.HowapleasantsurpriseB.Howpleasantsurprise

C.WhatapleasantsurpriseD.Whatpleasantsurprise6.___________usefulworktheyhavedone!A.WhatB.HowC.WhataD.Whatan7.__________nicepictureyougaveme!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan8.excitingnews!Wewillhavelongholidayaftertheexam.A.Whatan,a B.what,a C.Howan,theD.How;the9.–AnearthquakehitIndonesiayesterday.--terriblenews!A.Howa B.Whata C.How D.What10.–Dad,doyoulikemypicture?--!It’sthenicestoneI’veeverseen!A.WhatastrongboyB.Howcareful C.HowwonderfulD.Whatabraveboy11.—Jacky,lookatthatJapanesesumoist(相扑手).—Wow,!A.HowafatmanB.WhatafatmanC.HowfatmanD.Whatfatman12.Whatitis!A.niceday B.niceweatherC.aniceweather13.MrsSmithis!A.HowkindwomanB.WhatakindwomanC.WhatkindwomanD.Howakindwoman14.pieceofimportantinformationwehavegot!A.Whata B.What C.Whatan D.How15.isrunning!A.HowfastaboyB.Howfastboy C.Whatfasttheboy D.Howfasttheboy二.把下列的句子改为感叹句。⒈A:Jillisdrawingabeautifulpicture.B:______________________________________________⒉A:Mr.Wangisabusyman.B:______________________________________________⒊A:Thecatisveryhappy.B:______________________________________________⒋A:Thetractorisgoingveryslowly.B:_______________________________________________⒌A:Heisverylucky.B:_______________________________________________⒍A:Itisawetdaytoday.B:_______________________________________________⒎A:Theystartedearly.B:_______________________________________________⒏A:Theywaitedalongtime.B:_______________________________________________⒐A:Heiswearingalargeshirt.B:______________________________________________⒑A:Thedolphinisplayinghappily.B:______________________________________________11.Itisquiteanicepresent.→___________________________nicepresent!

12.Wehavefineweathertoday.→_________________________weatherwehavetoday!

13.It’ssunnytoday.→_____________________________sunnydayitistoday!

14.Thechildrenareworkinghard.→________________________thechildrenareworking!

15.Sheplayedbasketballwonderfully.→_______________________sheplayedbasketball!

16.Heisgoodatsinging.→______________________________hesings!

17.Hewasdoingwellindancing.→__________a___________dancerhewas!

18.Tomcoughsbadly.→__________________________________coughTomhas!

19.Thefishisverylovely.→________________________thefishis!

20.Theyliveahappylifetoday.→___________________________________lifetheylive!附：答案A类：选择：1—5：BBACA6—10：BACCB11—15：BBADA16—21：BCABDA把下列句子改为感叹句：1.How.2.How.3.How4.How5.How6.What7.How8.How9.What10.What11.What12.How13.How14.How15.How16.How17.WhatB类：选择：1—5：CDBDC6—10：ACBDC11—15：BBBAD把下列句子改为感叹句：⒈Whatabeautiful