英语中的明喻

SIMILE2021/5/91关于英语Simile，有两点须加以说明：一、Simile(明喻)通常由三部分构成，即本体(tenor或subject)、喻体(vehicle或reference)和比喻词(comparativeword)或(indicatorofresemblance)。可图示如下：Marriageislike

abeleagueredfortress:↓↓↓(tenor)(comparativeword)(vehicle)thosewhoarewithoutwanttogetin,andthosewithinwanttogetout.(P.M.Quitard)2021/5/92引导明喻的比喻词(comparativewords)(1)介词as，like，of等。Iwanderedlonelyasacloud.(W.Wordsworth:TheDaffodils)我像一朵浮云独自漫游。Theyareaslikeastwopeas.他们两个长得一模一样。Hisyoungdaughterlooksasredasarose.他的小女儿面庞红得象朵玫瑰花。2021/5/93英语里有不少含有明喻的成语，其结构为as+形容词+as+名词。例如：asfirmasarockaslightasafeatherascloseasanoysterasmuteasafishasstrongasahorseascoolasacucumberassoberasajudgeassureasagun坚如磐石轻如鸿毛守口如瓶噤若寒蝉强壮如牛泰然自若十分清醒千真万确2021/5/94Heworks1ikeahorse／beaver／Trojan／black.他拼命地干活。Theyspentmoneylikewater.他们挥金如土。Hetalkslikeabook.他老是文绉绉地说话。Heeatslikeahorse.他吃得很多。2021/5/95Hesmokes1ikeachimney.他抽烟很厉害。Lifeislikeayo-yo.生活是一个悠悠球,充满一连串的起伏不定。Hewaslikeacockwhothoughtthesunhadrisentohearhimtocrow.(GeorgeEliot)他这人就像一只________公鸡，以为太阳升起是为了它的啼叫。骄傲的2021/5/96Hehasaheartofstone.他有一副铁石心肠。Hehastheheartofa1ion,buthedoeseverythinginadown-to-earthway.他有狮子般的勇气，但办事十分认真。Heissometimesbad-temperedbutreallyhe’sgotaheartofgold.有时候他似乎脾气不好，但他的心眼可好了。2021/5/97(2)连词as(犹如)，what(犹如)，asif,asthough,than,and,theway等。Airistomanaswateristofish.人离不开空气，犹如鱼离不开水。Readingistothemindwhatexerciseistothebody.（SirRichardSteel）读书对于思想，好比运动对于身体一样重要。2021/5/98Awordandastoneletgocannotberecalled.说出的话犹如抛出的石，是收不回的。

2021/5/99(3)动词seem，resemble(名词resemblance)，treat／honour／regard／consider／respectas，compareto，likento，pass(胜过)，remindof，besimilarto，等。Shakespearecomparedtheworldtoastage．(Wood)他把孩子当成掌上明珠。Hetreatshischildastheappleintheeye.2021/5/910(4)词组may／mightaswell…（as）(做…就好像做…)，nomore／less…than／notanymore…than(如同…一样)，sospeak／asitwere(可以说，可以比喻地说)。Heneverlistens—youmightaswelltalktoabrick(astalktohim).他根本不听—同他讲话就好像同一堵墙讲话一样。Ahomewithoutloveisnomore