Java程序设计教案(第五章)

Java程序设计教案(第五章)Java程序设计教案(第五章)38/38PAGE38Java程序设计教案(第五章)Java程序设计教案(第五章)教案纸第5章Java的图形用户界面（6学时）【主要讲授内容及时间分配】5.1图形用户界面概述（25分钟）5.2AWT中常用类的层次结构（20分钟）5.3基本组件的使用（45分钟）5.4布局管理器（45分钟）5.5事件处理（90分钟）5.6菜单、绘图类的使用（45分钟）【重点与难点】1、重点：（1）基本组件的使用，包括Label、Button、TextField、TextArea、List、Checkbox和CheckboxGroup的构造方法和常用方法的使用。（2）布局管理器的使用，包括FlowLayout、GridLayout、BorderLayout。（3）事件处理。2、难点：事件处理。【教学要求】1、可以构造出图形用户界面；2、可以为界面上的组件编写相应的事件处理代码；3、可以构造带有菜单的应用程序；4、可以写小游戏。【实施方法】课堂讲授，PPT配合5.3基本组件的使用1Label类publicclassLabelDemoextendsFrame{ publicLabelDemo() { Labellb1,lb2,lb3; lb1=newLabel("LeftLabel"); lb2=newLabel("CenterLabel",Label.CENTER); lb3=newLabel("RightLabel",Label.RIGHT); lb3.setText("改变我的名字"); lb3.setAlignment(Label.CENTER); //lb3.setVisible(false); setLayout(newFlowLayout()); add(lb1); add(lb2); add(lb3); }publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs[]){ LabelDemoLd=newLabelDemo(); Ld.setVisible(true); Ld.pack();}}2Button类publicclassMyButtons{ publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs[]){ Framef=newFrame(); f.setLayout(newFlowLayout()); Buttonbutton1=newButton("Ok"); Buttonbutton2=newButton("Open"); Buttonbutton3=newButton("Close"); f.add(button1); f.add(button2); f.add(button3); f.setSize(300,100); f.setVisible(true); }}3CheckBox类publicclassCheckboxDemo2extendsFrame{publicCheckboxDemo2() { setLayout(newFlowLayout()); StringUniversity[]={"Tsinghua","Pecking","Fudan","Nanki","Tianjin"}; Checkboxc[]=newCheckbox[5]; Labellabel=newLabel("Thereare5University!"); Labellabel2=newLabel("Thereare5University!");Labellabel3=newLabel("Thereare5University!"); add(newLabel("PleasechoicetheUniversity:")); for(inti=0;i<5;i++) { c[i]=newCheckbox(University[i]); add(c[i]); } add(label); add(label2); add(label3); this.pack(); show(); } publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs[]){ CheckboxDemo2cbd=newCheckboxDemo2(); cbd.setSize(400,500); }}4CheckBoxGroup类publicclassCheckboxGroupDemo2extendsFrame{ publicCheckboxGroupDemo2() {super("CheckboxGroupDemo2"); setLayout(newFlowLayout()); StringUniversity[]={"Tsinghua","Pecking","Fudan","Nanki","Tianjin"}; Checkboxc[]=newCheckbox[5]; Labellabel=newLabel("Thereare5University!"); CheckboxGroupd=newCheckboxGroup(); add(newLabel("PleasechoicetheUniversity:")); for(inti=0;i<5;i++) { c[i]=newCheckbox(University[i],d,true); add(c[i]); } //add(d); add(label); show(); } publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs[]){ CheckboxGroupDemo2cbg=newCheckboxGroupDemo2(); cbg.setSize(600,700);}}5List类publicclassListTestextendsFrame{ publicListTest() { super("ListTest"); Listlt=newList(6,true); setLayout(newFlowLayout()); lt.addItem("you"); lt.addItem("你"); lt.addItem("I"); lt.addItem("我"); lt.addItem("he"); lt.addItem("他"); add(lt); }publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs[]){ ListTestlt=newListTest(); lt.setVisible(true); lt.setSize(500,400);}}6TextField类publicclassTextFieldTestextendsFrame{ publicTextFieldTest() { super("TestTextField"); TextFieldtf=newTextField("&&&&&",20); TextAreata=newTextArea("thisisanewtext",6,20); setLayout(newFlowLayout());tf.setEchoChar('*');//tf.setText("9999999"); add(tf); add(ta); show(); } publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs[]) { TextFieldTesttft=newTextFieldTest(); //tft.setVisible(false); tft.setSize(500,400); tft.pack(); }}事件处理事件类事件源事件监听接口处理事件的方法ActionEventButtonList(双击)TextFieldMenuItemActionListenerpublicvoidactionPerformed(ActionEvente)ItemEventCheckboxList(单击)ChoiceCheckboxMenuItemItemListenerpublicvoiditemStateChanged(\o"classinjava.awt.event"ItemEvente)WindowEventFrameDialogWindowListener=1\*GB3①publicvoidwindowOpened(\o"classinjava.awt.event"WindowEvente)=2\*GB3②publicvoidwindowClosing(\o"classinjava.awt.event"WindowEvente)=3\*GB3③publicvoidwindowClosed(\o"classinjava.awt.event"WindowEvente)=4\*GB3④publicvoidwindowIconified(\o"classinjava.awt.event"WindowEvente)=5\*GB3⑤publicvoidwindowDeiconified(\o"classinjava.awt.event"WindowEvente)=6\*GB3⑥publicvoidwindowActivated(\o"classinjava.awt.event"WindowEvente)=7\*GB3⑦publicvoidwindowDeactivated(\o"classinjava.awt.event"WindowEvente)MouseEventFrameDialogPanelWindowCanvasMouseListenerpublicvoidmouseClicked(\o"classinjava.awt.event"MouseEvent

e)publicvoidmousePressed(\o"classinjava.awt.event"MouseEvent

e)publicvoidmouseReleased(\o"classinjava.awt.event"MouseEvent

e)publicvoidmouseEntered(\o"classinjava.awt.event"MouseEvent

e)publicvoidmouseExited(\o"classinjava.awt.event"MouseEvent

e)MouseEventFrameDialogPanelWindowCanvasMouseMotionListenerpublicvoidmouseDragged(\o"classinjava.awt.event"MouseEvent

e)publicvoidmouseMoved(\o"classinjava.awt.event"MouseEvent

e)事件源是Button例1点击按钮关闭程序。（法1）publicclassMyFirstFrame1extendsFrameimplementsActionListener{privateButtonquit=newButton("Quit");publicMyFirstFrame1(){ super("TestWindow"); add(quit); pack(); show(); quit.addActionListener(this); } publicvoidactionPerformed(ActionEvente){ dispose();// System.exit(0); } publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs[]){ MyFirstFrame1mf=newMyFirstFrame1();} }例1点击按钮关闭程序。（法2）publicclassMyFirstFrame2extendsFrame{privateButtonquit=newButton("Quit");publicMyFirstFrame2(){ super("TestWindow"); add(quit); pack(); show(); quit.addActionListener(newButtonHander()); }publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs[]) {newMyFirstFrame2();}}classButtonHandlerimplementsActionListener{publicvoidactionPerformed(ActionEvente){ System.exit(0); }}例2ClickMe(课本例5.4)importjava.awt.*;publicclassClickMeextendsFrameimplementsActionListener{privateButtonquit=newButton("Quit"); privateButtonclick=newButton("Clickhere");privateTextFieldtext=newTextField(10);privatebooleansecondClick=false;publicClickMe(){ super("ClickExample"); setLayout(newFlowLayout()); add(quit); add(click); click.addActionListener(this); quit.addActionListener(this); add(text); pack(); show(); } publicvoidactionPerformed(ActionEvente){ if(e.getSource()==quit) System.exit(0); elseif(e.getSource()==click){ if(secondClick) text.setText("notagain!"); else text.setText("Uh,ittickless"); secondClick=!secondClick; }}publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs[]){ ClickMemyFrame=newClickMe(); } } 事件源是List课本例5.13publicclassTaskListextendsFrameimplementsActionListener{privateButtonadd=newButton("添加");privateButtondel=newButton("删除");privateButtonup=newButton("增加优先级");privateButtondown=newButton("降低优先级");privateListlist=newList();privateTextFieldtaskInput=newTextField();privateLabelpriorityLabel=newLabel("改变优先级");privateLabeltaskLabel=newLabel("工作事项：");privateclassWindowCloserextendsWindowAdapter{publicvoidwindowClosing(WindowEvente){System.exit(0); } }publicTaskList(){super("工作事项表");setup();add.addActionListener(this);del.addActionListener(this);up.addActionListener(this);down.addActionListener(this);addWindowListener(newWindowCloser()); list.addActionListener(this);}publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs[]){TaskListtl=newTaskList();tl.pack();tl.show(); }privatevoidsetup(){Panelbuttons=newPanel();buttons.setLayout(newFlowLayout());buttons.add(add);buttons.add(del);Panelpriorities=newPanel();priorities.setLayout(newFlowLayout());priorities.add(up);priorities.add(priorityLabel);priorities.add(down);Panelinput=newPanel();input.setLayout(newBorderLayout());input.add("West",taskLabel);input.add("Center",taskInput);Paneltop=newPanel();top.setLayout(newGridLayout(2,1));top.add(input);top.add(priorities);setLayout(newBorderLayout());add("Center",list);add("South",buttons);add("North",top);} publicvoidactionPerformed(ActionEvente){if((e.getSource()==add)&&(!taskInput.getText().equals("")))handleAdd(taskInput.getText().trim());elseif((e.getSource()==del)&&(list.getSelectedIndex()>=0))handleDel(list.getSelectedIndex());elseif((e.getSource()==up)&&(list.getSelectedIndex()>0))handleIncPriority(list.getSelectedIndex());elseif ((e.getSource()==down)&&(list.getSelectedIndex()>=0))handleDecPriority(list.getSelectedIndex());elseif(e.getSource()==list)taskInput.setText(list.getSelectedItem());taskInput.requestFocus();}privatevoidhandleAdd(StringnewTask){list.add(newTask);list.select(list.getItemCount()-1);taskInput.setText(""); }privatevoidhandleDel(intpos){list.remove(pos);list.select(pos);}privatevoidhandleIncPriority(intpos){Stringitem=list.getItem(pos);list.remove(pos);list.add(item,pos-1);list.select(pos-1); }privatevoidhandleDecPriority(intpos){if(pos<list.getItemCount()-1){Stringitem=list.getItem(pos);list.remove(pos);list.add(item,pos+1);list.select(pos+1); } }}事件源是Window(WindowListener和WindowAdapter)publicclassMultipleEventTesterextendsFrameimplementsWindowListener,MouseListener,KeyListener{ publicMultipleEventTester(){ addKeyListener(this); addWindowListener(this); addMouseListener(this); setSize(400,400); show(); } //窗口事件处理方法 publicvoidwindowClosing(WindowEventwe){ System.exit(0); } publicvoidwindowOpened(WindowEventwe){ } publicvoidwindowClosed(WindowEventwe){ } publicvoidwindowIconified(WindowEventwe){ } publicvoidwindowDeiconified(WindowEventwe){ } publicvoidwindowActivated(WindowEventwe){ } publicvoidwindowDeactivated(WindowEventwe){ } //鼠标事件处理方法 publicvoidmousePressed(MouseEventme){ } publicvoidmouseReleased(MouseEventme){ } publicvoidmouseEntered(MouseEventme){ } publicvoidmouseExited(MouseEventme){ } publicvoidmouseClicked(MouseEventme){ } //键盘事件处理方法 publicvoidkeyPressed(KeyEventke){ } publicvoidkeyReleased(KeyEventke){ } publicvoidkeyTyped(KeyEventke){ } // publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs[]){ MultipleEventTesterp=newMultipleEventTester(); } }事件源是Mouse(MouseListener,MouseMotionListener,MouseAdapter)publicclassMouseEventDemoextendsFrame{ publicMouseEventDemo() { ButtonbtnMouse=newButton("测试鼠标事件"); btnMouse.addMouseListener(newMyMouseListener()); btnMouse.addMouseMotionListener(newMyMouseMotionListener()); this.setLayout(newFlowLayout()); this.add(btnMouse); this.setSize(400,300); this.setVisible(true); } publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs[]) { MouseEventDemoframe=newMouseEventDemo(); frame.addWindowListener(newWindowAdapter(){ publicvoidwindowClosing(WindowEvente) { System.exit(0); } }); } classMyMouseListenerextendsMouseAdapter { publicvoidmouseClicked(MouseEvente) { if(e.isPopupTrigger()) if(e.getClickCount()==2) } } classMyMouseMotionListenerextendsMouseMotionAdapter { publicvoidmouseMoved(MouseEvente) } }}事件源是KeyKeyEventDemo.javapublicclassKeyEventDemoextendsFrame{ privateTextFieldtf=newTextField(10); publicKeyEventDemo() { tf.addKeyListener(newTextfieldListener()); add(tf); pack(); setVisible(true); } publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs[]) { KeyEventDemoframe=newKeyEventDemo(); frame.addWindowListener(newWindowAdapter(){ publicvoidwindowClosing(WindowEvente) { System.exit(0); } }); } classTextfieldListenerimplementsKeyListener { intnKeycode; //键盘按下事件 publicvoidkeyPressed(KeyEvente){ nKeycode=e.getKeyCode();//返回键代码 //返回键代码nKeyCode文字说明 } //键盘释放事件 publicvoidkeyReleased(KeyEvente){ nKeycode=e.getKeyCode(); } //键盘中的非系统键 publicvoidkeyTyped(KeyEvente){ nKeycode=e.getKeyCode(); } }}绘制图形Bird类publicclassBirdextendsThread{privateintxdir=2*(1-2*(int)Math.round(Math.random()));privateintydir=2*(1-2*(int)Math.round(Math.random())); privatebooleanrunning=false;privateCagecage=null;protectedintx,y;Imagebird=Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage("qq.jpg");publicBird(Cage_cage,int_x,int_y){cage=_cage;x=_x;y=_y;start(); }publicvoidstart(){running=true;super.start(); }publicvoidhalt(){running=false; }publicvoidrun(){while(running){move();try{ sleep(120);}catch(InterruptedExceptione){}cage.repaint();}}privatevoidmove(){x+=xdir;y+=ydir;if(x>cage.getSize().width){x=cage.getSize().width;xdir*=(-1); }if(x<0)xdir*=(-1);if(y>cage.getSize().height){y=cage.getSize().height;ydir*=(-1); }if(y<0)ydir*=-1; }publicvoiddraw(Graphicsg){g.drawImage(bird,x,y,30,30,cage); }}Cage类publicclassCageextendsFrameimplementsActionListener{privateButtonquit=newButton("Quit");privateButtonstart=newButton("Start");privateButtonstop=newButton("Stop");privateBirdbirds[]=newBird[20];Imagebird=Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage("qq.jpg");publicCage(){super("CagewithBirds");setLayout(newFlowLayout());add(quit);quit.addActionListener(this);add(start);start.addActionListener(this);add(stop);stop.addActionListener(this);setSize(400,500);this.setVisible(true);for(inti=0;i<birds.length;i++){intx=(int)(getSize().width*Math.random());inty=(int)(getSize().height*Math.random());birds[i]=newBird(thi