高考英语二轮复习外刊阅读训练：早期的记忆是真的吗

高考英语外刊阅读理解训练——早期的记忆是真的吗？——改编自Areourearlymemoriestrue?Theauthenticityofourearliestchildhoodmemorieshasalwaysbeenanintriguingtopic.Formanyofus,ourfirstmemorymightbeplayingwithourfriendsorattendingabirthdayparty.However,studiesshowthataround40%ofpeoplemayhavefabricatedtheirearliestmemory.Itispossibletocreatefalsememoriesfromvideosorphotoswehaveseen,orduetobeinginfluencedbysomeoneelse'sstory.Ourabilitytoretainmemoriesfrombeforetheageoftwoisnotgreat.Short-termmemoriesdooccuratthisage,butitisbelievedthatthesememoriesarenotlong-lasting.Thiscouldhappenbecausethecreationofbraincellsoccursrapidlyinourearlyyears.Somescientistsproposethatasweage,ourchildhoodmemoriesfade,andaftertheageofseven,aformof'childhoodamnesia'occurs.Expertsbelievethatourdesireforasenseofselfandpersonalhistoryleadsustocreatememoriestofillgapsinourunderstandingofourearlylives.Asweage,wenaturallywanttohaveacompletepictureofourentirelives.Therefore,whensomeoneclaimstohaveaclearmemoryfromanageasyoungasoneyearold,thereisachancethatthememorymightnotbeauthentic.Whiletheirrecollectioncouldbegenuine,itisequallypossiblethattheyinventedthememorylaterinlife.Inconclusion,earlymemoriesareoftentreasuredbyindividuals,butresearchshowsthatanotableproportionofpeoplecannotentirelytrusttheirearliestrecollections.Althoughsomefactorscauseinfantilememoriestobeshort-lived,theneedforasenseofidentitycoulddriveustocreatefalsememories.【重点词汇】1.authenticity[ɔːθen'tɪsəti]n.真实性，确实性2.childhood[ˈtʃaɪldhʊd]n.童年时期3.intriguing[ɪn'tri:gɪŋ]adj.有趣的，引人入胜的4.memory['memərɪ]n.记忆，回忆5.fabricated['fæbrɪkeɪtɪd]adj.虚假的，捏造的6.attend[ə'tend]v.参加，出席7.birthday['bɜːθdeɪ]n.生日8.video['vɪdjəʊ]n.录像，视频9.photo['fəʊtəʊ]n.照片，相片10.influenced['ɪnfluənst]adj.受影响的11.retain[rɪ'teɪn]v.保留，记住12.long-lasting[lɒŋ-'lɑːstɪŋ]adj.持久的，长久的13.creation[kri'eɪʃ(ə)n]n.创造，创作14.rapidly['ræpɪdlɪ]adv.迅速地，快速地15.propose[prə'pəʊz]v.建议，提议16.amnesia[æm'ni:zjə]n.健忘症17.desire[dɪ'zaɪə]n.渴望，愿望18.personal['pɜːs(ə)n(ə)l]adj.个人的，私人的19.history['hɪstəri]n.历史，过去事情20.complete[kəm'pliːt]adj.完整的，彻底的21.recollection['reko'lekʃ(ə)n]n.回忆，记忆22.genuine['dʒenjuɪn]adj.真正的，真实的23.equally['i:kwəli]adv.同样地，平等地24.invented[ɪn'ventɪd]adj.创造的，编造的25.conclusion[kənˈklu:ʒ(ə)n]n.结论，结束26.treasured['treʒəd]adj.珍贵的，被珍视的27.notable['nəʊtəb(ə)l]adj.显著的，值得注意的28.proportion[prə'pɔːʃ(ə)n]n.比例，占比29.entirely[ɪn'taɪərli]adv.完全地，彻底地30.trust[trʌst]v.信任，相信31.factors['fæktəz]n.因素32.infantile['ɪnfəntaɪl]adj.幼儿的，婴幼儿的33.short-lived['ʃɔːtaɪvd]adj.短暂的，短命的34.need[ni:d]n.需要，需求35.identity[aɪ'dentɪti]n.身份，认同36.drive[draɪv]v.驱动，推动37.authentic[ɔːˈθentɪk]adj.真实的，真正的38.complete[kəm'pliːt]v.完成,完美39.understand[ˌʌndə'stænd]v.理解，懂得40.recollections[reko'lekʃənz]n.回忆，记忆41.falsified['fɒlsɪfaɪd]adj.伪造的42.event[ɪ'vent]n.事件，活动43.influence['ɪnfluəns]v.影响，左右44.age[eɪdʒ]n.年龄，时期45.brain[breɪn]n.大脑46.propose[prə'pəʊz]v.建议，提议47.gap[ɡæp]n.缺口，间隙48.picture[ˈpɪktʃə(r)]n.图片，画面49.proportion[prə'pɔːʃ(ə)n]n.比例，占比50.memory['memərɪ]n.记忆，回忆【阅读理解练习题】1.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A)Theimportanceofearlychildhoodmemories.B)Thecreationoffalsememoriesinearlychildhood.C)Ourabilitytoretainmemoriesasweage.D)Theimpactofshort-termmemoryonchildhooddevelopment.答案：B解析：文章主要讲述了早期记忆和假记忆的产生。2.Basedonthearticle,whatdostudiesshowregardingourearliestmemories?A)Theyareoftenfabricated.B)Theybecomestrongerwithage.C)Theyareretainedintoadulthood.D)Theyarenotlong-lasting.答案：D解析：文章表示关于我们最早的记忆，有研究表明40%的人可能是捏造的。此外影响我们幼年记忆的因素很多，2岁之前记忆保留的能力不强，这些都说明最早的记忆并不长久持久。3.Howcanfalsememoriesbecreated?A)Throughengaginginimaginativeplay.B)Throughexposuretovideosorphotos.C)Throughtraumaexperiencedinearlylife.D)Throughinteractionswithparents.答案：B解析：根据文章，假记忆可以从看过的视频或照片中产生。4.Whatdoestheauthorproposeasareasonforchildren'sinabilitytoretainmemoriesfrombeforetheageoftwo?A)Therapidcreationofbraincells.B)Alackofexperiencestocreatememoriesfrom.C)Theunderdevelopmentofthehippocampus.D)Theinfluenceofoutsidestimuli.答案：A解析：文章指出，儿童在两岁之前记忆保留能力不强，原因被认为是大脑细胞的迅速生成。5.Whatis"childhoodamnesia"?A)Aninabilitytorecallmemoriesfromlaterinchildhood.B)Aformofpsychologicaltraumaexperiencedinearlylife.C)Theinabilitytoretainlong-termmemoriesfrombeforetheageofseven.D)Aphenomenonwherepeopleimagineeventsfromtheirearlyyears.答案：C解析：文章提到，“童年遗忘症”是指7岁以前无法保留长期记忆。6.Accordingtothepassage,whatdrivespeopletocreatefalsememories?A)Theinfluenceofothers'storiesabouttheirearlylives.B)Adesireforasenseofselfandacompletepersonalhistory.C)Theneedtofillgapsinlong-termmemory.D)Thefadingofearlychildhoodmemories.答案：B解析：根据文章，人们想要一个完整的自我形象和个人历史，因此可能会产生假记忆。7.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutpeoplewhoclaimtohaveclearmemoriesfromasyoungasoneyearold?A)Theirmemoriesarelikelyauthentic.B)Theirmemoriesareprobablylessreliablethantheybelieve.C)Theyarehighlyimaginativeindividuals.D)Theyexperiencegreaterchildhoodamnesia.答案：B解析：文章指出断言自己从1岁开始就有清晰的记忆可能是捏造的。虽然他们的回忆可能是真实的，但同样可能是后来编造出来的记忆。8.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsearlymemories?A)Theyarealwaysauthenticandreliable.B)Theyareoftenunreliable,butstilltreasuredbyindividuals.C)Theyaredifficulttocreateinearlychildhood.D)Theirimportancefadeswithage.答案：B解析：文章指出一定比例的人不能完全信任自己最早的回忆，但这并没有贬低重视早期回忆的价值。【全文逐句对照翻译】我们最早的童年记忆的真实性一直是一个有趣的话题。Theauthenticityofourearliestchildhoodmemorieshasalwaysbeenanintriguingtopic.对于我们中的许多人来说，我们最初的记忆可能是和朋友一起玩耍或参加生日聚会。Formanyofus,ourfirstmemorymightbeplayingwithourfriendsorattendingabirthdayparty.然而，研究表明，大约40%的人可能捏造了他们最早的记忆。However,studiesshowthataround40%ofpeoplemayhavefabricatedtheirearliestmemory.我们可能会从我们看过的视频或照片中产生错误的记忆，或者由于受到别人的故事的影响。Itispossibletocreatefalsememoriesfromvideosorphotoswehaveseen,orduetobeinginfluencedbysomeoneelse'sstory.我们保留两岁以前记忆的能力不是很好。Ourabilitytoretainmemoriesfrombeforetheageoftwoisnotgreat.这个年龄段确实会有短期记忆，但人们认为这些记忆不会持久。Short-termmemoriesdooccuratthisage,butitisbelievedthatthesememoriesarenotlong-lasting.这可能发生，因为脑细胞的产生在我们的早期发生得很快。Thiscouldhappenbecausethecreationofbraincellsoccursrapidlyinourearlyyears.一些科学家提出，随着年龄的增长，我们的童年记忆会逐渐消失，七岁以后，就会出现一种“童年健忘症”。Somescientistsproposethatasweage,ourchildhoodmemoriesfade,andaftertheageofseven,aformof'childhoodamnesia'occurs.专家认为，我们对自我意识和个人历史的渴望导致我们创造记忆，以填补我们对早期生活的理解空白。Expertsbelievethatourdesireforasenseofselfandpersonalhistoryleadsustocreatememoriestofillgapsinourunderstandingofourearlylives.随着年龄的增长，我们自然希望对自己的整个生活有一个完整的了解。Aswe