2023年高考英语样题

资料名称：高考总复习试题教材版本：人教新课标适用年级：Senior3学期：全学年命题人：贵州省松桃民族中学邱美双(E-mail:qms3998@163.comQQ:575552981)2023年高考英语样题第一卷第一局部阅读理解(共两节，总分值40分)第一节(共15小题，每题2分，总分值30分)(A)Mostanimalshavelittleconnectionwithanimalsofadifferentkind,unlesstheyhuntthemforfood.Sometimes,however,twokindsofanimalscometogetherinapartnership(伙伴关系)whichisgoodforbothofthem.Youmayhavenoticedsomebirdssittingonthebacksofsheep.Thisisnotbecausetheywantaride,butbecausetheyfindeasyfoodintheparasites(寄生虫)onsheep.Thesheepallowthebirdstodosobecausetheyremovethecauseofdiscomfort.Soalthoughtheycanmanagewithouteachother,theydobettertogether.Sometimesananimalhasaplantpartner.Therelationshipdevelopsuntilthetwopartnerscannotdowithouteachother.Thisissointhecorals(珊瑚)ofthesea.Intheirskinstheyhavetinyplantswhichactas“dustman〞,takingsomeofthewasteproductsfromthecoralandgivinginreturnoxygenwhichtheanimalneedstobreathe.Iftheplantsarekilled,orareevenpreventedfromlightsothattheycannotlivenormally,thecoralswilldie.⒈Somebirdsliketositonasheepbecausethey___. A.caneatitsparasites B.considerthesheepastheirshelter C.enjoytravelingwiththesheep D.findthepositionmostcomfortable⒉Theunderlinedword“they〞inthefirstparagraphrefersto___. A.birdsandparasites B.birdsandsheep C.parasitesandsheep D.sheep,birdsandparasites⒊Itcanbelearntfromthetextthatthecoraldependsontheplantsfor___. A.comfort B.light C.oxygen D.food⒋Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlydiscuss? A.Someanimalslivebettertogether. B.Someplantsdependoneachotherforfood. C.Someanimalsandplantsdeveloptheirrelationshipeasily. D.Someanimalsandplantsdependoneachotherforexistence.(B)Theideaoffightinganoisebymakingmorenoisesoundsstrange,butthat’sexactlywhatmotorengineersaredoinginGermanyandsomeothercountries.Carmakers’researchanddevelopmentlaboratorieshavealreadyprovedthatmixinginmorenoisewiththehelpofloudspeakerscanreducetheunwantednoise.Physicistshaveknownaboutthetechniqueforalongtime.Soundismadeupofpressurewavesintheair.Iftwosoundwavesofthesamefrequency(频率)mixsothatthehighestpointofonewavehappensatthesametimeasthelowestpointoftheotherwave,theresultisnosound.Therefore,byproducingaperfectcopyofthenoiseanddelayingitbyhalfawavecycle(周期),wecankilltheunwantednoise.Usingthistechniquemanycarmakersareracingtodevelopnoise-killingsystems(系统)bothinsideandoutsidethecars.Anothergoodthingabouttheuseofnoise-killingsystemsisthatitsavestheneedforasilencer;thisnotonlyreducestheweightofacar,butalsomakesthemotorburnlessfuelandworkbetter.Someengineersbelievethatthenoise-killingsystemwillbeusedinmostcarswithinafewyears.Butthecarmakershaven’tdecidediftheywillputitintoproductionbecauseitwouldaddseveralhundreddollarstothecostoftheircars. A.Byproducingpressurewavesgoingintheoppositedirection. B.Bymixinghighfrequencysoundwaveswithlowfrequencysoundwaves. C.Bymixingnewsoundwaveswiththenoiseandsendingthemouttogether. D⒍Besidesitsmainusethenoise-killingsystemcan___. A.makeacarlighter B.reducethecostofasilencer C.makeacarquieter D.improvetheperformanceofasilencer⒎Thenoise-killingsystemisnotyetpopularmainlybecause___. A.itisstillbeingtriedout B.itincreasesthecostofcarproduction C.driversstillhavetheirdoubts D.carmakersarenotsureifitisnecessary(C)Duringthesummerholidaystherewillbearevisedschedule(修改正的时刻表)ofservicesforthestudents.Changesfordining-roomandlibraryservicehoursandforbusscheduleswillbepostedonthewalloutsideofthedining-hall.Weeklyfilmandconcertschedules,whicharebeingarranged,willbepostedeachWednesdayoutsideofthestudentclub.Inthesummerholidays,busesgoingtothetowncenterwillleavethemainhalleveryhouronthehalfhourduringtheday.Thedining-roomwillservethreemealsadayfrom7:00amto7:00pmduringtheweekandtwomealsfromnoonto7:00pmonweekends.Thelibrarywillcontinueitsusualhoursduringtheweek,buthaveshorterhoursonSaturdaysandSundays.Theweekendhoursarefromnoonto5:00pm.Allstudentswhowanttousethelibraryborrowingservicesmusthaveanewsummercard.Thisannouncementwillalsoappearinthenextweek’sstudentnewspaper.⒏Themainpurposeofthisannouncementisto___. A.showtheexcellentservicesforstudents B.askstudentstorenewtheirlibrarycards C.tellstudentsofimportantschedulechanges D.tellstudentsofnewbusandlibraryservices⒐Atwhichofthefollowingtimeswillthebusleavethemainhall? A.8:00,9:00,10:00,11:00 B.8:30,9:30,10:30,11:30 C.8:30,9:00,9:30,10:00 D.8:00,9:30,11:00,12:30⒑Inthesummerholidays,thelibrarywillhave___. A.nospecialhours B.specialhoursonweekdays C.specialhoursonweekends D⒒Wemayinferthatduringthesummerholidays___. A.manystudentswillstayintheuniversity B.nobreakfastwillbeservedonweekends C.thestudentnewspaperwillsellmorecopies D.therewillbeaconcertorafilmonceaweek(D)EVENTSBicycletourandraceAbiketourandracewillbeheldonAugust26and27(Sat.&Sun.).At5:30am,theriderswillleaveTian’anmenSquareandridethefirst35kilometersasatrainingleg.Thenthenext55-kilometersleg,fromYanjiaotoJixian,willbethefirstcompetitive(竞争性的)ThesecondracinglegofthetourwillbefromChanglitotheseasideatNandaibe,coveringadistanceof20kilometers.SaturdaynightincludesthestayatNandaiheandsupper.Sundaymorningisfreeforplayattheseaside.AtnoonallthepeopleandtheirbikeswillbetakenbacktoBeijing.Cost:200YuanTelephone:4675027BrazilianfootballersTheBrazilianFootballClubwillplayBeijingGuo’anTeamattheWorkersStadiumonAugust26.Theclubhasfournationalteamplayers.Alsocomingis1994USWorldCupstarRomariohohaspromisedtoplayforatleast45minutes.Ticketprices:60,100,150yuanTime/Date:4:30pm,August26(Sat.)Telephone:5012372RockclimbingTheThirdNationalRockClimbingCompetitionwillbeheldonAugust26-27attheHuairouMountain-climbingTrainingBase.Morethan10teamsfromBeijing,Wuhan,Dalian,Jilinandotherplaceswilltakepartinit.AJapaneseteamwillgiveanexhibitionclimbing.Freeforspectators(Takealong-distancebusfromDongzhimentoHuairou.Time/Dates:9-12am,August26and27Telephone:7143177,7144850,WangZhenghua⒓ A.visitingteams B.pricestopayforthesportsevents C.famousplayers D.thingstodofortheweekend⒔Theunderlinedword“leg〞in“BicycleTourandRace〞probablymeans___. B.practice race D.partofthetraining⒕Whatisspecialabouttherockclimbingcompetition? A.Aforeignteamtakespartinit. B.Youdon’thavetopaytowatchit. C.Youdon’thavetobeasportsmantotakepart. D.Thebustriptotheplaceofthecompetitionisfree.⒖IfyouwanttofindsomethingtodoforSaturdayafternoon,whichtelephonenumberwillyoucall? A.4675027. B.7143177. C.5012372. D.7144850.第二节(共5小题，每题2分，总分值10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。16.___Thiswasnotbecausethewoodsandfieldswerealwaysfaraway,butbecausetheyweretoofarfromthecitytopermitpeopletomakeadaytripbetweenmorningandnightfall.17.___Hedecidedtoturnhislittleschoolhouseintoadormitoryforthesummerholidays.Anyonewhobroughthissleepingbagandcookingequipmentalongcouldstaythereforaverysmallquantityofmoney.Theideawasasuccess.Afewyearslater,theschoolhousewasmuchtoosmalltoholdthemanyyoungpeoplewhowantedtostaythere.18.___.Thiswasthefirsthostel(青年招待所).Today,youngstudentsandworkersofeverycountrycanmeetinthehostelandgettoknoweachother.Whenyoungpeoplearriveatthehostel,theyhaveonlytoshowtheircardsofmembershipinahostelorganizationintheirowncountry.19.___Often,attheeveningmeal,agroupofboysandgirlsfromvariouspartsofthecountryorworldwillhappentomeetatthesamehostel.Theymayputtheirfoodtogetherandprepareadinnerwithmanykindsofdishes.Sometimesaprogramwillbeorganizedafterthemealwithdances,songs,orshorttalksfollowedbyaquestionperiod.20.___Forthisreason,afewweeksspent“hosteling〞canbejustasusefulapartofone’seducationasclassesinschool.A.Asaresult,adormitorywassetupinanoldcastlenearby.B.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplewenttothehostelforsummerholidays.CDEFG.Foryears,childrenintheindustrialareasofEuropeseldomlefttheircitiestoseethebeautiesofthecountryside.第二局部英语知识运用(共两节，总分值40分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每题1.5分，总分值30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。Washoeisayoungchimpanzee(黑猩猩).Sheisno21chimpanzee,though.Scientistsaredoingaresearch22her.Theywanttoseehowcivilized(驯化)shecan23.Alreadyshedoesmanythingsahumanbeingcando.Forexample,shehasbeenlearninghowtoexchange24withpeople.Thescientistsareteachingher25language.Whenshewantstobepicked26,Washoepointsupwithonefinger.Sherubsherteethwithherfinger27shewantstobrushherteeth.Thisisdoneaftereverymeal.Washoehasalsobeen28tothinkoutandfindanswerstoproblems.Onceshewasputina29withfoodhangingfromtheceiling.Itwastoohighto30.Aftersheconsideredthe31,shegotatallboxtostand32.Thefoodwasstilltoohightobereached.Washoefounda33pole.Thensheclimbedontothe34,graspedthepole,and35downthefoodwiththepole.Washoe36likeahuman,too.Thescientistskeepherinafullyfurnishedhouse.Afterahard37inthelab,shegoeshome.38sheplayswithhertoys.She39enjoyswatchingtelevisionbeforegoingtobed.Scientistshopeto40moreaboutpeoplebystudyingourclosestrelative–thechimpanzee.21.A.foolish B.special C.simple D.ordinary22.A.for B.by C.on D.to23.A.change B.become C.develop D.experience24.A.messages B.actions C.views D.feelings25.A.human B.sign C.spoken D.foreign26.A.at B.out C.up D.on27.A.until B.while C.since D.when28.A.trained B.raised C.ordered D.led29.A.zoo B.cave C.room D.museum30.A.reach B.pull C.see D.eat31.A.food B.ceiling C.position D.problem32.A.up B.on C.by D.with33.A.big B.strong C.long D.straight34.A.box B.wall C.pole D.ceiling35.A.took B.picked C.shocked D.knocked36.A.acts B.lives C.thinks D.plays37.A.task B.lesson C.day D.time38.A.There B.Here C.Then D.So39.A.already B.even C.quite D.still40.A.observe B.discover C.gain D.learn第II卷第二节语法填空(共10小题；每题1.5分，总分值15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。第四局部写作(共两节，总分值35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每题1分，总分值10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：⒈每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；⒉只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。DearJack,IsawyournotesinceIcamebackfromschoolyesterdayafternoon.YousuggestedthatwewouldgototheconcertthisFridayevening.I’msorryandIwillvisitmyunclethatday.HeisgoingtoCanadatodoherPhD,andwillleaveChinathisSunday.IthinkIshouldsaygood-byehim.I’drealliketogototheconcert.Iknewtheperformanceswillstaytillnextweekend,sohowdoyouthinkaboutgoingnextFridayevening?Pleaseletmeknowthatwecangotogetherthen.Givemeacallon12300456.Thanks.Yours,LiHua.第二节书面表达(总分值25分)假定你是李华。你和几个朋友约定本周星期六在人民公园野餐。你们的美国朋友Sam也应邀参加。请你根据下面的示意图，给他写封短信，告诉他进公园后如何找到你们。注意：①词数80~120；②开头语已为你写好。*****************************************************************June1stDearSam,参考答案1~5ABCDD6~10ABCBC11~15BDABC16~20GEAFD21~20DCBAB25~30CDACA31~35DBCAD36~40BCABD41.being42.and43.disappointed44.to45.caught46.tostop47.riding48.Did49.me/mine50.suddenly51.since→when52.would→should或删掉go之前的would53.and→but54.her→his55.在good-bye之后加to56.real→really57.knew→know58.how→what59.that→whether60.on→at第二节JunelstDearSam,We’llhaveourpicnicinthePeople’sPark.Youknowwherethatis,don’tyou?Afteryouentertheparkthroughthemaingate,pleasewalkstraightontillyoucometoastream.Thereisabridgeoverthestream.Gothroughthebridge,andthenturntotheright.Afterwalkingforawhile,you’llcometoahill.Walkroundthehill,andyou’llseealake.We’llhaveourpicnicthereinthesmallwoodsbythelake.I’msureyou’llhavenotroubleinfindingus.Docome!I’mlookingforwardtoseeingyouatthattime.Yours,LiHua答案解析【阅读理解】(A)⒈A细节理解题。根据“Thisisnotbecausetheywantaride,butbecausetheyfindeasyfoodintheparasites(寄生虫)onsheep.〞可知，鸟喜爱坐在羊的身上，是想吃羊身上的寄生虫，应选A。⒉B词义猜想题。前文中的“Thesheepletthebirdsdosobecausetheycanstoptheparasitesfromtroublingthem.〞的意思是说“绵羊让鸟儿落在自己身上，因为鸟儿可以将它们身上的寄生虫吃掉。〞；另一句“Sothoughtheycandowithitbythemselves…〞的意思是说“尽管它们自己也能对付寄生虫……〞。综合上面两句话的意思，再结合“…theycandobettertogetherwitheachother.〞这一句话，可知they指的是鸟和羊，即得答案为B。⒊C细节理解题。根据第二段“…takingtheuselessthingsfromthecoralandgivingoxygeninreturn.Thatiswhattheanimalneedstolive.〞这两句话可知，珊瑚需要植物提供的氧气才能生存下去。应选C。⒋D推理判断题。根据第二自然段“Sometimesananimalhasaplantpartner.〞可知，珊瑚和它们体内的植物具有相互依存的关系。应选D。(B)⒌D根据文章第三段“Therefore,byproducingaperfectcopyofthenoiseanddelayingitbyhalfawavecycle,wecankilltheunwantednoise.〞。应选D。⒍A根据文章第三段最后一句“Usingthistechniquemanycarmakersareracingtodevelopnoise-killingsystems(系统)bothinsideandoutsidethecars.〞。应选A。⒎B根据文章最后一段“Butthecar-makershaven’tdecidediftheywillputitintoproductionbecauseitwouldaddseveralhundreddollarstothecostoftheircars.〞。应选B。(C)⒏C根据“therewillbearevised(修改正的)schedule(时刻表)ofservicesforthestudents及Thisannouncementwillalsoappearinthenextweek’sstudentnewspaper〞可知，这那么讲学生效劳时刻表的修改通知很重要，目的在于提醒学生注意。应选C。⒐Ｂ根据“busesgoingtothetowncenterwillleavethemainhalleveryhouronthehalfhourduringtheday〞可知，是在每个小时一半的时候开，故为9点半，10点半等。应选B。⒑Ｃ根据“buthaveshorterhoursonSaturdaysandSundays〞可知，在周末放的时间短一些，比平时特殊一些。应选Ｃ。⒒B根据“Theweekendhoursarefromnoonto5:00pm〞可知，周末的时间是从中午到下午5点，故不提供早餐。应选B。(D)⒓D推理判断题。该文提供的三件赛事都是安排在周末，由此可推断，告知这些周末赛事信息，目的是提供应人们选择，以便周末可做，应选D。文中没有客队〔巴西俱乐部〕和著名队员的信息，应选项A、C错误。文中虽有参加或观看比赛的价格，但显然这不是介绍赛事的目的，应选项B错误。⒔A词义理解题。根据“leg〞所在的Bicycletourandrace中的句子“At5:30am,theriderswillleaveTian’anmensquareandridethefirst35kilometresasatrainingleg.Thenthenext55kilometresleg,fromYanjiaotoJixian〞可知，“leg〞意义是“partofthetour〞与上下文符合。应选A。而其它选项不符合有关信息。⒕B细节推理判断题。根据Rockclimbing的第一段最后一句“Freeforspectators〞，按常识，免费观看比赛，这与其它的比赛也是不同，由此推断，选项B表示的是这次攀岩比赛特别之处。应选B。根据该局部第一段倒数第二句可知，一支日本队将攀岩表演，但不是参加比赛，应选项A错误。文中没有选项C、D表示的信息。⒖C推理判断题。根据Brazilianfootballers这局部的有关时间的信息可知星期六下午有巴西俱乐部对北京国安队的足球比赛，应选C。而选项B、D表示的电话号码都为“Rockclimbing〞的号码，故无法从中选择。选项A表示的号码“Bicycletourandrace〞的，该比赛持续周六周日两天，故也不能选。七选五：本文介绍了青年招待所出现的前因后果和详细情况介绍。⒗G根据后句Thiswasnotbecausethewoodsandfieldswerealwaysfaraway,butbecausetheyweretoofarfromthecitytopermitpeopletomakeadaytripbetweenmorningandnightfall.可知孩子们很少有时机到乡下去欣赏乡村的景色。故G项符合上下文。⒘E根据下句Hedecidedtoturnhislittleschoolhouseintoadormitoryforthesummerholidays.可知是这个人改变了这个情况。故E项内容符合上下文。⒙A根据前一句Afewyearslater,theschoolhousewasmuchtoosmalltoholdthemanyyoungpeoplewhowantedtostaythere可知房子太小了，要建设更大的房子了。故A项内容符合上下文。⒚F根据前句Whenyoungpeoplearriveatthehostel,theyhaveonlytoshowtheircardsofmembershipinahostelorganizationintheirowncountry可知年轻人必须要出示自己的card才可以享受这样的待遇。故F项符合上下文。⒛D根据下句Forthisreason,afewweeksspent‘hostelling’canbejustasusefulapartofone’seducationasclassesinschool.可知这种形式对于学生的教育是有很重要的意义的，故D项内容符合上下文。点评：本文介绍了青年招待所出现的前因后果和详细情况介绍。此题的关键在于要根据上下文的语境来找出串联的信息点，把握上下文之间的逻辑关系，通过前后的意思连贯性及细致性用心的答题，定能完成的很好。【完形填空】科学家通过实验测试黑猩猩所能驯化的程度。21.D句中的though是副词，意为“可是〞，根据下文描述的实验情况可知“这只黑猩猩不是一只ordinary(普通的)黑猩猩〞。22.C“doaresearchon〞意为“对…进行研究〞。23.B四个选项中只有become是连系动词，其后可接形容词civilized作表语。24.A下文说到：当黑猩猩想要被抱起时，她将手指向上指；当她想要刷牙时，那么用手指刮牙齿。这说明她与人们交换的是“信息〞，即“message〞。25.B根据下文：当黑猩猩想要被抱起时，她将手指向上指；当她想要刷牙时，她那么用手指刮牙齿。这说明黑猩猩用的是“手势语〞，即“signlanguage〞。26.Cpickup有很多意思，如表示：拿起，捡起；收拾，整理；学会；(用车)来接，去取；改良，改善；重新开始，继续；感染(疾病、坏习惯)等。它在本句中的意思是“抱起〞。27.D根据上一句的结构可推知。28.A根据下文的语境可推知。29.C注意本句后面的信息词“ceiling(天花板)〞。根据常识，四个选项中只有C才具备有“ceiling〞。30.A根据后面的Thefoodwasstilltoohightobereached可推知答案。31.D根据上文的“...tothinkoutandfindanswerstoproblems〞可知此处应填“problems〞。32.B黑猩猩弄来盒子是为了增加高度，所以她应站在箱子之上，即填介词“on〞。33.C站在箱子上，高度仍不够，故又弄来一根“pole(竿)〞。根据常识，在此情况下，这“pole〞的特征应是“long〞。34.A根据上文可知。35.D根据常识和语境，黑猩猩此时应是用竿“knock〞食物。36.B从本段后面内容可知，这只黑猩猩是像人一样在“生活(live)〞。37.C根据下文语境用排除法可推知答案。38.A根据上文可知这里的there指“在家里〞。39.B对于黑猩猩来说，“enjoyswatchingtelevisionbeforegoingtobed〞显然比“playwithtoys〞更不常见，故用“even(甚至)〞强调后者。40.D“learn〞的意思是“了解〞，即指通过研究黑猩猩来“了解〞人类自己。【语法填空】41.being此题考查非谓语动词。about是介词，后面的动词要用名词形式，所以应该用“being〞。42.and此题考查连词。用and连接这两个分句，只起承上启下的作用，没有转折、因果、让步等含义。43.disappointed此题考查非谓语动词的形式，或者理解为词性转换。与and前面并列的anxious是形容词，又由于主语是人，所以应该用由过去分词转化过来的形容词“disappointed〞作表语。44.to此题考查介词短语搭配。与next搭配的介词是to，nextto意思为：贴近；紧挨着。45.caught此题考查动词的时态。全文是以onemorning为主线，所以应该用一般过去时，catch为不规那么动词，其过去式为“caught〞。46.tostop此题考查非谓语动词。动词refuse的宾语如果是动词，必须得用不定式。即：“tostop〞。47.riding此题考查非谓语动词。keep后面只能跟-ing形式作宾语，ride是以不发音的e结尾的词，要去e再加-ing。所以应该用“riding〞。48.Did此题考查助动词。由“atthelaststop〞得到提示，所以一般疑问句对行为动词提问的助动词应该用过去式“Did〞。49.me/mine此题考查人称代词或者名词性的物主代词。由前面的问句里的anyone一词得知，答复用“me〞或者“mine〞。表示：“是我〞或者“是我的(箱子)〞。50.suddenly考查副词。修饰动词的应该为副词。所以用“suddenly〞。副词还可以修饰形容词、副词以及整个句子。【短文改错】51.since→when从语义上看应该是“当我放学回家时(when)〞而不是“自从我放学回家以来(since)〞。52.would→should或删掉go之前的would在suggest后面的宾语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+v.〞。53.and→but“I’msorrybut…〞为固定搭配，故应将“and〞改为“but〞。54.her→his“myuncle〞是男性，故应用“his〞来与“He〞前后照应。55.在good-bye之后加to“saygood-byetosb.〞为固定搭配，故应在“good-bye〞之后加“to〞。56.real→really此处应用副词really来修饰短语动词wouldlike，故应将形容词“real〞改为副词“really〞。57.knew→know从语义上看应该是“现在知道〞而不是“过去知道〞，故应将过去式“knew〞改为原形“know〞。58.how→what及物动词think应有其宾语，而疑问副词how只能作状语，故应将“how〞改为疑问代词“what〞。59.that→whether从语义上看应该是“我们‘是否’可以到那