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关于介词关系代词第1页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月Preposition+which/+whomATTIBUTIVE:FOLLOWME!定语从句第2页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月介词+关系词的定义当介词后的宾语提前做为先行词时,介词可以放在定语从句中,也可提前放于关系词前Heistheperson_____________youspoketothat/who/whomHeistheperson_______youspoke.whomThisisthehouse__________Ilivedin4yearsagoThisisthehouse______Ilived4yagothat/whichwhichtoin第3页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月Thecity
which
shelives
in
isfaraway.Theman
whom
youspoke
to
isourheadmaster.Thefarm
which
weworkedontenyearsagoisbeautiful.Thisis
thetree
which
weusedtoplaygamesunder.Thefarm
on
which
weworkedtenyearsagoisbeautiful.Theman
to
whomyouspokeisourheadmaster.Thecity
in
which
shelives
isfaraway.Thisis
thetree
under
which
weusedtoplaygames.第4页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月介词+关系词的功能一、“介词+关系代词”结构在定语从句中主要起关系副词的作用,即在定语从句中充当状语。用在介词后的关系代词只有whom,which和whose
三个,不能用that.二、介词后面的关系词不能省略。三、先行词时物时,介词后用关系词which,先行词是人时,介词后用关系词whom.四、表所属关系时用ofwhich/whomTheboy_________parentsarebothdoctorswonthefirstplaceintheexam.whoseTheboytheparentsofwhomarebothdoctorswonthefirstplaceintheexam.=ofwhomtheparents第5页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月关系副词when,where,why和介词+which之间的关系关系副词when,where,why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。如:when=in/on/at…+which,where=in/on/at…+which,why=for+which。第6页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月
1.Iwon’tforgetthedate
onwhichIwasborn.2.Thisistheroom
inwhichIlived.3.Idon’tknowthereason
forwhichhehaven’tcometoday.4.Tomstillremembersthedays
duringwhichtheylivedinTianjin.!5.Hangzhouistheplace
towhichIwentlastyear.6.Iremembertheday
onwhichmyfatherdied.Iwasonlytenyearsoldatthattime.=when=where=why=when=where=when第7页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月介词+关系词中介词的选择根据从句所修饰的先行词的需要来确定介词。根据从句中谓语动词或形容词搭配的需要来确定介词。根据从句句意的需要来确定介词。根据主从句搭配关系的需要来确定介词。第8页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月Themoney____whichyouweretobuydogfoodisgone.Hewillneverforget
theday____whichhefailedintheexam.Thisis
themountainvillage____whichIstayedlastyear.I’llneverforget
thefarm______whichIworkedtogetherwithyou.一、根据从句所修饰的先行词的需要来确定介词withthemoney用钱onwithinonontheday在那天inthemountainvillage在山村onthefarm在农场第9页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月Heisreallytheperson
____whomwehavealottolearn.
Thegirl
_________whomyouaretalkingisworking.
TheWestLake,_____whichHangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.
Theman
______whomIshookhandsjustnowismydaughter’sEnglishteacher.二、根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定learnfromsb.向某人学习talkto/withsb.与某人交谈befamousfor因为……而闻名shakehandswithsb.与某人握手fromto/withforwith第10页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月
Air,
________whichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.三、根据定语从句句意或主从句的搭配关系来确定Thepen
_____whichheiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.Thisismypairofglasses,
________whichIcannotseeclearly.Heisthegirl
____whomyouwenttoconcertlastnight.withoutwithwithoutwith第11页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月①一般情况下,介词放在关系代词which和whom之前,也可放在动词后。②固定搭配的动词短语中的介词一般不能提前.常见的这类动词短语有:lookfor/after/forwardto、carefor、takecareof、hearof/about/from,等.ThisistherightplaceI’mlookingfor.Thegirlwhomheislookingafterishissister.
介词+关系词中介词的位置第12页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月
介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择,方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词(习惯搭配),再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断,结合生活实际来判断.
Tips第13页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月1.
Doyoulikethebookonwhichshespent$10?2.
Doyoulikethebookforwhichshepaid$10?3.
Doyoulikethebookformwhichshelearnedalot?4.
Doyoulikethebookaboutwhichsheoftentalks?
介词+关系代词的使用5.ThemantowhomIspokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwriting.6.Glasses,withoutwhichIcan’tseeclearly,arereallyimportantforme.7.Chinaisabeautifulcountry,ofwhichweareproud.8.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?第14页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月Thisistheteacherwhose
daughterisafamousdoctor.=Thisistheteacherthedaughterofwhom
isafamousdoctor.1.名词+介词+关系代词
Wehavethreeforeignteachers,
twoofwhom
arefromCanada.2.数词+介词+关系代词(含基数词.序数词.分数和百分数)第15页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月3.代词+介词+关系代词(代词有all、both、none、either、either、some、any等)
Theoldwomanhastwosons,
bothofwhomareteachers.
Ihavemanyfriends,someofwhomarefromChina.4.形容词最高级+介词+关系代词Chinahasthousandsofislands,
thelargestofwhichisTaiwanIsland.5.介词+关系代词+名词Hespentfouryearsincollege,
duringwhichtimehestudiedmedicine.第16页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月Lookatthesesentences!
Weboughtahouseinfrontof______thereisalake.Wehadabarbecueonthefarmbehind_____wefoundawood.Mikereachedthepostoffice,ontherightof______henoticedasupermarket.whichwhichwhich第17页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月Theman___________Ishookhandsjustnowismydaughter’sEnglishteacher.Adesertisagreatplain_________nothingwillgrow.Hewastheman___________roomthethiefhadstolenthebag.Thisismypairofglasses,______________Icannotseeclearly.withwhominwhichfromwhosewithoutwhich第18页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月5.Thegirl_______________hespokemadenoanswer.6.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_________aresoldabroad.7.Theyaskedmealotofquestions,many___________Icouldn’tanswer.Twomen,________________Ihadeverseenbefore,cameintomyoffice.我以前从未见过他们neitherofwhomtowhomofwhichofwhich第19页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月9.Hegothisfirstsalary,___________hegavetohisparents.其中一半10.Ourcountryhasmanyislands,____________________isTaiwan.其中最大的11.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,________thesailingtimewas226days.thelargestofwhichhalfofwhichofwhich第20页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月介词加关系代词的基本用法Theman__________youshookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.Theroom__________myfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.Didyoufindthepen_________Iwrotejustnow?Didyoufindthepaper________Iwrotemyletter?Didyoufindthecomposition______Iwrotejustnow?withwhominwhichwithwhichonwhichwhich第21页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月Thefarm
weworkedtenyearsagoisn’twhatitusedtobe.Heistheman
youcanturnforhelp.Thisisthetree
weusedtoplaygames.onwhichtowhomunderwhichonthefarm在农场turntosb.forhelp向某人求助underthetree在树下第22页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月Thesungivesusheatandlight,_______________wecan’tlive.Thestudent___________weweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass.I’llneverforgettheday__________shesaidgoodbyetome.Whocangivemethereason________hehasn’tturnedupyet?withoutwhichaboutwhomonwhichforwhich第23页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月1.Theteacher__________IlearntmostwasMrsZhu.2.Thisisthehouse__________LuXunoncelived.Thereason___________IcamehereisthatIwanttogetyourhelp.4.Thefellow________Ispokemadenoanswer.5.TheWestLake,___________Hangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.fromwhominwhichforwhichtowhomforwhich第24页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月Practice
第25页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月1.Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding______thereisawell?A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhoseC.infrontofwhichD.infrontwhich2.I’llneverforgettheday____IjoinedtheLeague.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.whichD.atwhich3.Thewoman_____mybrotherspokejustnowismyteacher.A.whoB.towhomC.towhoDwhomCAB第26页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月4.Jeannewasheroldfriend,____sheborrowedanecklace.A.fromwhoB.fromwhomC.tothatD.towhom5.Hisglasses,_____hewaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbrokeitsleg.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.that6.sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,_____muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhomBCD第27页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月7.Hebuiltatelescope___hecouldstudytheskies.A.inwhichB.withthatC.throughwhichD.byit8.Doyouknowthereason____hewaslate?A.thatB.whichC.forwhatD.forwhich9.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,____writeswell.A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.noneofthemD.neitherofthemCDB第28页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月10.TheSecondWorldWar_____millionsofpeoplewerekilledin1945.A.duringwhichB.inthatC.whereD.onwhich11.Chinahasmanyrivers,____theChangjiangRiveristhelongest.A.whichB.inwhichC.amongwhichD.oneofwhich12.Thisistheveryknife_____Iusedtocutapplesyesterday.A.thatB.bywhichC.whichD.withwhichACD第29页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月13.Thespeed____whichyoudriveyourcarmustn’ttoohigh.14.Intheparktherearemanyflowers,thecolour_____whichisbrightandnice.15.Thelittlegirlisreadingabook,_____whichtherearemanypictures.16.Whatwerethethings_______whichhewasnottoosure?17.Theyheldameeting,____whichthehospitaldirectormadeaspeech.18.Thebook,_____whichhepaid6yuan,isworthreading.atofinaboutatfor第30页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月19.Isthistheman____whosehousethepolicefoundthelostcolouredTV?20.Thevillagersdugalongtunnel_________whichtheycouldgotothefieldswithoutbeingfoundbytheJapanesesoldiers.21.WuDong,_____whomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.22.ThestoriesaboutLongMarch,_____whichthisisoneexample,hroughwithof第31页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月Iwillneverforgettheday_____Ifirstwenttoschool.状语Iwillneverforgettheday__________wespentinBeijing.宾语Thehouse____________wevisitedisbeingrepairednow.宾语Thehouse______Luxunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.状语when(which/that)(which/that)whereThereason____hedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdayisthathewasill.Thereason____________hegaveisn’tbelievable.宾语whythat\which\x第32页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月1.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanything
else_____yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what
考点一:that与which的区别先行词为all,little,much,everything,nothing,no,something,anything等不定代词时,关系代词用that第33页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月4.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks
_____interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom先行词为人和物的组合,关系代词用that。若主句中有疑问代词who或which,为了避免重复,关系代词用that。7.
Whichwasthehotel_____wasrecommendedtoyou?A.thatB.whichC.whereD.it第34页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月6.Isoxygentheonlygas_____helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it
先行词被序数词或最高级修饰,先行词前有序数词(thefirst),形容词最高级(thebest),thelast,thevery,theonly等时,关系代词用that。5.Thelastplace___wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it
第35页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月
1.先行词为all,little,much,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代词.2.先行词被all,little,much,every,no,等修饰时。3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰,先行词前有序数词(thefirst),形容词最高级(thebest),thelast,thevery,theonly等时。4.先行词为人和物的组合。5.若主句中有疑问代词who或者which,为了避免重复,关系代词用that。只用that的情况:考点一:that与which的区别第36页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月1.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,______surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A.whichBthatCthisD.it只用which的情况:1.逗号后面2.介词后面2.Theday______hewasbornwas
Aug
.20
,1952.AonwhichBthatCwhichD.this一个句子,两个定语从句,为避免重复,一个用that,另一个用which.LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrary____wasnewlyopentous.AthatBwhichCwhereDas第37页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月Anyone_____breaksthelawispunished.Those
_____breakthelawarepunished.He
_____breaksthelawispunished.在one,anyone,those指人时一般用“who”。he/she/I/they作先行词时,用“who”代替“that”.考点二:that与who的区别whowhowho第38页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月考点三:介词+关系代词提醒:介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择.方法一:根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配;方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。
注意:关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用which
或whom;不可用that或who代替。1.Themanwithwhomyoushookhands
justnowisourheadmaster.2.Theroominwhichmyfamily
liveusedtobeagarage.第39页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月ThemanisfromBeijingUniversity
.Italkedabouthimatthemeeting.Theman(who/whom/that)ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.=Themanabout
whom
ItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.
关系代词紧跟在介词后面时,不能用that,也不能省略,常用which或whom。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在从句之尾。但遇固定词组时,介词一般紧跟词组主体,不作前置。
Isthisthebook(which/that)youarelookingfor
?第40页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月考点四:as与which引导的定语从句两者均可引导非限制性定语从句,有时可以互换,但下列情况多用as。1.当与such或thesame、so、as连用时,一般用as。
SuchbooksasyoutellmeareinterestingIhavethesameplanas
you.2.as引导的从句可以放在句首,as本身有“正如…,正象…”之意,与之连用的词有know、see、expect、Announce、pointout等。
Asweallknow,theearthisround.第41页,课件共46页,创作于2023年2月1._____Engelspointedout,labourcreatedmanhimself.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As2.TheysaidtheywereFrench._______wasn’ttrue.A.W
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