介词关系代词

关于介词关系代词第1页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月Preposition+which/+whomATTIBUTIVE:FOLLOWME!定语从句第2页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月介词+关系词的定义当介词后的宾语提前做为先行词时，介词可以放在定语从句中，也可提前放于关系词前Heistheperson_____________youspoketothat/who/whomHeistheperson_______youspoke.whomThisisthehouse__________Ilivedin4yearsagoThisisthehouse______Ilived4yagothat/whichwhichtoin第3页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月Thecity

which

shelives

in

isfaraway.Theman

whom

youspoke

to

isourheadmaster.Thefarm

which

weworkedontenyearsagoisbeautiful.Thisis

thetree

which

weusedtoplaygamesunder.Thefarm

on

which

weworkedtenyearsagoisbeautiful.Theman

to

whomyouspokeisourheadmaster.Thecity

in

which

shelives

isfaraway.Thisis

thetree

under

which

weusedtoplaygames.第4页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月介词+关系词的功能一、“介词+关系代词”结构在定语从句中主要起关系副词的作用，即在定语从句中充当状语。用在介词后的关系代词只有whom,which和whose

三个，不能用that.二、介词后面的关系词不能省略。三、先行词时物时，介词后用关系词which，先行词是人时，介词后用关系词whom.四、表所属关系时用ofwhich/whomTheboy_________parentsarebothdoctorswonthefirstplaceintheexam.whoseTheboytheparentsofwhomarebothdoctorswonthefirstplaceintheexam.=ofwhomtheparents第5页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月关系副词when,where,why和介词+which之间的关系关系副词when,where,why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。如：when=in/on/at…+which,where=in/on/at…+which,why=for+which。第6页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月

1.Iwon’tforgetthedate

onwhichIwasborn.2.Thisistheroom

inwhichIlived.3.Idon’tknowthereason

forwhichhehaven’tcometoday.4.Tomstillremembersthedays

duringwhichtheylivedinTianjin.!5.Hangzhouistheplace

towhichIwentlastyear.6.Iremembertheday

onwhichmyfatherdied.Iwasonlytenyearsoldatthattime.=when=where=why=when=where=when第7页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月介词+关系词中介词的选择根据从句所修饰的先行词的需要来确定介词。根据从句中谓语动词或形容词搭配的需要来确定介词。根据从句句意的需要来确定介词。根据主从句搭配关系的需要来确定介词。第8页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月Themoney____whichyouweretobuydogfoodisgone.Hewillneverforget

theday____whichhefailedintheexam.Thisis

themountainvillage____whichIstayedlastyear.I’llneverforget

thefarm______whichIworkedtogetherwithyou.一、根据从句所修饰的先行词的需要来确定介词withthemoney用钱onwithinonontheday在那天inthemountainvillage在山村onthefarm在农场第9页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月Heisreallytheperson

____whomwehavealottolearn.

Thegirl

_________whomyouaretalkingisworking.

TheWestLake,_____whichHangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.

Theman

______whomIshookhandsjustnowismydaughter’sEnglishteacher.二、根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定learnfromsb.向某人学习talkto/withsb.与某人交谈befamousfor因为……而闻名shakehandswithsb.与某人握手fromto/withforwith第10页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月

Air,

________whichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.三、根据定语从句句意或主从句的搭配关系来确定Thepen

_____whichheiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.Thisismypairofglasses,

________whichIcannotseeclearly.Heisthegirl

____whomyouwenttoconcertlastnight.withoutwithwithoutwith第11页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月①一般情况下，介词放在关系代词which和whom之前，也可放在动词后。②固定搭配的动词短语中的介词一般不能提前.常见的这类动词短语有:lookfor/after/forwardto、carefor、takecareof、hearof/about/from,等.ThisistherightplaceI’mlookingfor.Thegirlwhomheislookingafterishissister.

介词+关系词中介词的位置第12页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月

介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择,方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词(习惯搭配),再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断,结合生活实际来判断.

Tips第13页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月1.

Doyoulikethebookonwhichshespent$10?2.

Doyoulikethebookforwhichshepaid$10?3.

Doyoulikethebookformwhichshelearnedalot?4.

Doyoulikethebookaboutwhichsheoftentalks?

介词+关系代词的使用5.ThemantowhomIspokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwriting.6.Glasses,withoutwhichIcan’tseeclearly,arereallyimportantforme.7.Chinaisabeautifulcountry,ofwhichweareproud.8.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?第14页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月Thisistheteacherwhose

daughterisafamousdoctor.=Thisistheteacherthedaughterofwhom

isafamousdoctor.1.名词+介词+关系代词

Wehavethreeforeignteachers,

twoofwhom

arefromCanada.2.数词+介词+关系代词(含基数词.序数词.分数和百分数）第15页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月3.代词+介词+关系代词（代词有all、both、none、either、either、some、any等）

Theoldwomanhastwosons,

bothofwhomareteachers.

Ihavemanyfriends,someofwhomarefromChina.4.形容词最高级+介词+关系代词Chinahasthousandsofislands,

thelargestofwhichisTaiwanIsland.5.介词+关系代词+名词Hespentfouryearsincollege,

duringwhichtimehestudiedmedicine.第16页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月Lookatthesesentences!

Weboughtahouseinfrontof______thereisalake.Wehadabarbecueonthefarmbehind_____wefoundawood.Mikereachedthepostoffice,ontherightof______henoticedasupermarket.whichwhichwhich第17页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月Theman___________Ishookhandsjustnowismydaughter’sEnglishteacher.Adesertisagreatplain_________nothingwillgrow.Hewastheman___________roomthethiefhadstolenthebag.Thisismypairofglasses,______________Icannotseeclearly.withwhominwhichfromwhosewithoutwhich第18页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月5.Thegirl_______________hespokemadenoanswer.6.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_________aresoldabroad.7.Theyaskedmealotofquestions,many___________Icouldn’tanswer.Twomen,________________Ihadeverseenbefore,cameintomyoffice.我以前从未见过他们neitherofwhomtowhomofwhichofwhich第19页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月9.Hegothisfirstsalary，___________hegavetohisparents.其中一半10.Ourcountryhasmanyislands,____________________isTaiwan.其中最大的11.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,________thesailingtimewas226days.thelargestofwhichhalfofwhichofwhich第20页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月介词加关系代词的基本用法Theman__________youshookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.Theroom__________myfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.Didyoufindthepen_________Iwrotejustnow?Didyoufindthepaper________Iwrotemyletter?Didyoufindthecomposition______Iwrotejustnow?withwhominwhichwithwhichonwhichwhich第21页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月Thefarm

weworkedtenyearsagoisn’twhatitusedtobe.Heistheman

youcanturnforhelp.Thisisthetree

weusedtoplaygames.onwhichtowhomunderwhichonthefarm在农场turntosb.forhelp向某人求助underthetree在树下第22页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月Thesungivesusheatandlight,_______________wecan’tlive.Thestudent___________weweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass.I’llneverforgettheday__________shesaidgoodbyetome.Whocangivemethereason________hehasn’tturnedupyet?withoutwhichaboutwhomonwhichforwhich第23页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月1.Theteacher__________IlearntmostwasMrsZhu.2.Thisisthehouse__________LuXunoncelived.Thereason___________IcamehereisthatIwanttogetyourhelp.4.Thefellow________Ispokemadenoanswer.5.TheWestLake,___________Hangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.fromwhominwhichforwhichtowhomforwhich第24页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月Practice

第25页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月1.Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding______thereisawell?A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhoseC.infrontofwhichD.infrontwhich2.I’llneverforgettheday____IjoinedtheLeague.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.whichD.atwhich3.Thewoman_____mybrotherspokejustnowismyteacher.A.whoB.towhomC.towhoDwhomCAB第26页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月4.Jeannewasheroldfriend,____sheborrowedanecklace.A.fromwhoB.fromwhomC.tothatD.towhom5.Hisglasses,_____hewaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbrokeitsleg.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.that6.sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,_____muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhomBCD第27页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月7.Hebuiltatelescope___hecouldstudytheskies.A.inwhichB.withthatC.throughwhichD.byit8.Doyouknowthereason____hewaslate?A.thatB.whichC.forwhatD.forwhich9.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,____writeswell.A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.noneofthemD.neitherofthemCDB第28页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月10.TheSecondWorldWar_____millionsofpeoplewerekilledin1945.A.duringwhichB.inthatC.whereD.onwhich11.Chinahasmanyrivers,____theChangjiangRiveristhelongest.A.whichB.inwhichC.amongwhichD.oneofwhich12.Thisistheveryknife_____Iusedtocutapplesyesterday.A.thatB.bywhichC.whichD.withwhichACD第29页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月13.Thespeed____whichyoudriveyourcarmustn’ttoohigh.14.Intheparktherearemanyflowers,thecolour_____whichisbrightandnice.15.Thelittlegirlisreadingabook,_____whichtherearemanypictures.16.Whatwerethethings_______whichhewasnottoosure?17.Theyheldameeting,____whichthehospitaldirectormadeaspeech.18.Thebook,_____whichhepaid6yuan,isworthreading.atofinaboutatfor第30页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月19.Isthistheman____whosehousethepolicefoundthelostcolouredTV?20.Thevillagersdugalongtunnel_________whichtheycouldgotothefieldswithoutbeingfoundbytheJapanesesoldiers.21.WuDong,_____whomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.22.ThestoriesaboutLongMarch,_____whichthisisoneexample,hroughwithof第31页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月Iwillneverforgettheday_____Ifirstwenttoschool.状语Iwillneverforgettheday__________wespentinBeijing.宾语Thehouse____________wevisitedisbeingrepairednow.宾语Thehouse______Luxunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.状语when(which/that)(which/that)whereThereason____hedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdayisthathewasill.Thereason____________hegaveisn’tbelievable.宾语whythat\which\x第32页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月1.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanything

else_____yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what

考点一:that与which的区别先行词为all,little,much,everything,nothing,no,something,anything等不定代词时，关系代词用that第33页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月4.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks

_____interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom先行词为人和物的组合，关系代词用that。若主句中有疑问代词who或which，为了避免重复,关系代词用that。7.

Whichwasthehotel_____wasrecommendedtoyou?A.thatB.whichC.whereD.it第34页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月6.Isoxygentheonlygas_____helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it

先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前有序数词(thefirst),形容词最高级(thebest),thelast,thevery,theonly等时，关系代词用that。5.Thelastplace___wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it

第35页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月

1.先行词为all,little,much,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代词.2.先行词被all,little,much,every,no,等修饰时。3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前有序数词(thefirst),形容词最高级(thebest),thelast,thevery,theonly等时。4.先行词为人和物的组合。5.若主句中有疑问代词who或者which，为了避免重复,关系代词用that。只用that的情况:考点一:that与which的区别第36页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月1.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,______surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A.whichBthatCthisD.it只用which的情况:1.逗号后面2.介词后面2.Theday______hewasbornwas

Aug

.20

,1952.AonwhichBthatCwhichD.this一个句子,两个定语从句,为避免重复,一个用that,另一个用which.LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrary____wasnewlyopentous.AthatBwhichCwhereDas第37页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月Anyone_____breaksthelawispunished.Those

_____breakthelawarepunished.He

_____breaksthelawispunished.在one,anyone,those指人时一般用“who”。he/she/I/they作先行词时,用“who”代替“that”.考点二:that与who的区别whowhowho第38页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月考点三:介词+关系代词提醒:介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择.方法一:根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配；方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。

注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用which

或whom;不可用that或who代替。1.Themanwithwhomyoushookhands

justnowisourheadmaster.2.Theroominwhichmyfamily

liveusedtobeagarage.第39页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月ThemanisfromBeijingUniversity

.Italkedabouthimatthemeeting.Theman(who/whom/that)ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.=Themanabout

whom

ItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.

关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用that，也不能省略，常用which或whom。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置。

Isthisthebook(which/that)youarelookingfor

?第40页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月考点四：as与which引导的定语从句两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换,但下列情况多用as。1.当与such或thesame、so、as连用时，一般用as。

SuchbooksasyoutellmeareinterestingIhavethesameplanas

you.2.as引导的从句可以放在句首,as本身有“正如…,正象…”之意，与之连用的词有know、see、expect、Announce、pointout等。

Asweallknow,theearthisround.第41页，课件共46页，创作于2023年2月1._____Engelspointedout,labourcreatedmanhimself.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As2.TheysaidtheywereFrench._______wasn’ttrue.A.W