小升初语法复习-动词（讲义）人教PEP版英语六年级下册

人教版小学英语六年级期末复习知识分类(八)(动词)知识梳理动词：指表示动作或状态的词。按照动词的词义和在句子中的作用，动词可分为四类：系动词、情态动词、助动词和实义动词。一、be动词1.be动词随着人称的变化而变化为am,is,are2.be动词的过去式:am/is—was,are—were3.be动词的否定形式:amnot(没有缩写形式),isnot=isn't,arenot=aren't,wasnot=wasn't,werenot=weren't二、情态动词情态动词本身有一定的词义，但它必须接实义动词原形才能构成句子的谓语。情态动词有:can,could,must,would,may,shall,should等。其否定形式为can't,couldn't,mustn't,wouldn't,shouldn't等。三、助动词do,does,did的用法1.do用来构成一般现在时的疑问句，否定式don't用来构成一般现在时的否定句，后面都接动词原形。does和doesn't则用于主语为第三人称单数的句子。如:Theygotoschoolbybus.Dotheygobybus?Theydon'tgobybus.AmyswimswithSarah.DoesAmyswimwithSarah?Amydoesn'tswimwithSarah.2.did用于构成一般过去时的疑问句，否定式didn't用来构成一般过去时的否定句，后面都接动词原形。如:Ilikedapplesbefore.Didyoulikeapplesbefore?Ididn'tlikeapplesbefore.四、实义动词：表示动作和状态，能独立作为谓语。小学阶段的英语动词有：动词原形、第三人称单数、现在分词和过去式四种形式。五、(一)动词的三单形式形式构成例词一般情况词尾加-sget-gets,leave-leaves以-s,-x,-ch,-sh,-o结尾词尾加-esteach-teaches,wash-washesfix-fixes,go-goes以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i,再加-esfly-flies,cry-cries,特殊情况have-has(二)现在分词形式构成例词一般情况词尾加-inggo-going以不发音字母e结尾的动词先去掉e,再加ingcome-coming,take-taking末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节先双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ingget-getting,sit-sitting,begin-beginning(三)动词的过去式动词的过去式分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。形式构成例词一般情况词尾加-edlook-looked,play-played以不发音字母e结尾词尾加-dlive-lived,like-liked以“辅音字母+y”结尾先变y为,再加-edstudy-studied末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-edstop-stoppedplan-planned词尾ed的发音有三种情况：1.在清辅音后读[t]，如looked；2.在浊辅音或元音后读[d],如opened;3.在[t]、[d]后面读[id],如wanted。am/is-was,are-were,buy-bought,have-had,can-could,do-did,drink-drank,fall-fell,feel-felt,find-found,fly-flew,go-went,give-gave,know-knew,leave-left,make-made,read-read,ride-rode,run-ran,sleep-slept,sing-sang,swim-swam,take-took等。练习检测一、选词填空，注意词的正确形式。amisarewasweredodoesdid1.Myfatheradriver,andmymotheradoctor.2.Whatcolourthecats?3.youyourhomeworklastweekend?4.yoursisterlikedoingwordpuzzles?5.Theretwowaterbottlesonthedeskjustnow.6.Manyyearsago,thereaparkinfrontoftheschool.二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Helen(go)toBeijingnextyear.2.Thefirstclass(begin)at8:30tomorrowmorning.3.Thegirl(notlike)singingbefore.4.Let's(ride)abikeonSunday.5.Heoften(wash)hisclothesatnight.6.Thankyoufor(come).7.Wouldyoulike(drink)sometea?8.Ioftenhelphim(clean)theclassroom.三、选择填空。()1.Whatdidourmotheryesterday?A.doB.doesC.did()2.ShetoHangzhoutwoyearsago.A.comeB.comesC.came()3.HeistoBenonthephone.A.talkBtalksCtalking()4.--Howisshefeeling?--Shebetter.A.feelsB.isfeelC.isfeeling()5.Whatareyoutomorrowafternoon?A.goingtodoB.doingC.gotodo()6.Myuncleafilmlastweek.A.watchesB.watchC.watched()7.hebasketballontheplaygroundnow?A.Does;playBIs;playingC.Did;play()8.Lindapicturesverymuch.A.likedrawingB.likesdrawC.likesdrawing四、改错。将有误的一项的序号填在括号里，并改正在横线上。()1.Shecan'tmakesbirthdaycards.ABC()2.Wouldyoulikegowithme?ABC()3.Didyousleptwelllastnight?ABC()4.I'mgotohaveacookingclass.ABC()5.Wasyouathomeyesterday?ABC()6.Mymumhaveabeautifulbag.ABC()7.Joeisgoodatrunintherace.ABC五、用括号里的词的适当形式填空，使短文完整。MylastSundayI(be)busylastSunday,InthemorningI(go)tothesciencemuseumwithmyfriendSam.We(see)differentkindsofrobotsthere.Oneoftherobotscould(move)itsarmsfast.There(be)another(talk)robot.They(be)veryi