2012年高考全国卷(新课标)英语试卷答案及解析

全国卷（新课标版）——含听力原文、答案6/15全国卷（新课标版）2012全国卷（新课标版）第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever答案是B。21.—Whichoneofthesedoyouwant?—.Eitherwilldo.A.Idon'tmindB.I'msureC.NoproblemD.Goahead【参考答案】A【考查内容】情景交际【解析思路】--你想要这些中的哪一个？--我不介意，都可以。22.Sarahlookedatfinishedpaintingwithsatisfaction.A.不填;aB.a;theC.the;不填 D.the;a【参考答案】C【考查内容】冠词【解析思路】第一个是特指完成的画，第二个是相当于副词，满意地。23."Lifeislikewalkinginthesnow",Grannyusedtosay,"becauseeverystep.A.hasshownB.isshowingC.showsD.showed【参考答案】C【考查内容】一般现在时【解析思路】每一步都留下痕迹，讲的是一般情况。24.Itisbynomeansclearthepresidentcandotoendthestrike.A.howB.whichC.thatD.what【参考答案】D【考查内容】主语从句【解析思路】后面从句缺少宾语。25.Idon'tbelievewe'vemetbefore,Imustsayyoudolookfamiliar.A.thereforeB.althoughC.sinceD.unless【参考答案】B【考查内容】连词【解析思路】虽然我必须说你看起来很熟悉，但我不相信我们见过。26.Theresultisnotveryimportanttous,butifwedowin,thensomuch.A.thebestB.bestC.betterD.thebetter【参考答案】D【考查内容】固定结构【解析思路】somuchthebetter那就更好了。27.Maryisreallygoodattakingnotesinclass.Shecanalmosteverywordherteachersays.A.putoutB.putdownC.putawayD.puttogether【参考答案】B【考查内容】动词短语【解析思路】putdown记下。 28.Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden,weather.A.permittingB.topermitC.permittedD.permit【参考答案】A【考查内容】独立主格结构【解析思路】weather,permit是主动关系，所以用现在分词。29.Thisrestaurantwasn'tthatotherrestaurantwewentto.A.halfasgoodasB.ashalfgoodasC.asgoodashalfD.goodashalfas【参考答案】A【考查内容】固定结构【解析思路】倍数放在as前。30.Iuseaclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixo'clockeachmorningthetraincomesbymyhouse.A.couldn'tB.mustn'tC.shouldn'tD.needn't【参考答案】D【考查内容】情态动词【解析思路】我不需要一个闹钟去叫我起床，因为……。31.LarryasksBillandPetertogoonapicnicwithhim,butofthemwantsto,becausetheyhaveworktodo.A.eitherB.anyC.neitherD.none【参考答案】C【考查内容】代词【解析思路】根据句意可知是他们两个都不想去。32.Filmhasamuchshorterhistory,especiallywhensuchartformsasmusicandpainting.A.havingcomparedtoB.comparingtoC.comparetoD.comparedto【参考答案】D【考查内容】非谓语动词【解析思路】becomparedto。44.【参考答案】A【考查内容】考查名词以及对语境的理解【解析思路】当然不会和陌生人接触。45.【参考答案】B【考查内容】考查短语以及对语境的理解【解析思路】拉丁美洲的人在另一方面，却经常接触彼此。46.【参考答案】B【考查内容】考查名词以及对语境的理解【解析思路】因此，在谈话中很可能。。47.【参考答案】D【考查内容】考查动名词以及对语境的理解【解析思路】可能看起来像一个拉丁人跟着一个挪威人逛房间。48.【参考答案】C【考查内容】考查副词以及对语境的理解【解析思路】拉丁人，尽力去表达友谊，将保持靠近。49.【参考答案】C【考查内容】考查动词短语以及对语境的理解【解析思路】挪威人，很可能把这看作在推动，将会保持后退。50.【参考答案】D【考查内容】考查名词以及对语境的理解【解析思路】这件事情拉丁人反而看作冷漠。51.【参考答案】A【考查内容】考查动词以及对语境的理解【解析思路】当人们谈话的时候，一场大的交流正在进行。52.【参考答案】A【考查内容】考查形容词以及对语境的理解【解析思路】当聚会来自于不同的文化53.【参考答案】C【考查内容】考查名词以及对语境的理解【解析思路】有很大的误解的可能性。54.【参考答案】D【考查内容】考查名词以及对语境的理解【解析思路】但是不管情况怎样，最好的建议是遵守黄金规则。55.【参考答案】B【考查内容】考查动词以及对语境的理解【解析思路】像你想要去被对待的那种方式来对待别人。第三部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAreyoulookingforsomenewandexcitingplacestotakeyourkidsto?Trysomeoftheseplaces:·Visitartmuseums.Theyofferavarietyofactivitiestoexciteyourkids'interest.Manyofferworkshopsformakinghand-madepieces,travelingexhibits,booksignings(签名)bychildren'sfavoritewriters,andevenmusicalperformancesandotherarts.·Headtoanaturalhistorymuseum.Thisiswherekidscandiscoverthepastfromdinosaurmodelstorockcollectionsandpicturesofstarsinthesky.Also,askwhatkindofworkshopsandeducationalprogramsarepreparedforkidsandanyspecialeventsthatarecomingup.·GotoaYoutheater.Lookforoneinyourareaofferingplaysforchildandfamilyvisitors.Pre-showplayshopsareconductedbyareaartistsandeducatorswherekidscandiscoverthesecretaboutperformingarts.Puppet(木偶)makingandstagemake-uparejustacoupleofthespecialofferingsyoumightfind.·Tryhands-onscience.Visitoneofthemanyhands-onsciencemuseumsaroundthecountry.Thesescienceplay-landsaregreatfunforkidsandgrown-upsalike.They'llkeepyourchildmentallyandphysicallyactivethewholedaythroughwhilepushingbuttons,experimenting,andbuilding.Wheneveryoneistired,enjoyafunfamilyscienceshow,commonlyfoundinthesemuseums.56.Ifachildisinterestedintheuniverse,heprobablywillvisit_______.A.aYoutheaterB.anartmuseumC.anaturalhistorymuseumD.ahands-onsciencemuseum【参考答案】C【考查内容】细节理解题【解析思路】根据第二段的第二句话57.WhatcankidsdoataYoutheater?A.Lookatrockcollections.B.Seedinosaurmodels.C.Watchpuppetmaking.D.Giveperformances.【参考答案】C【考查内容】细节理解题【解析思路】根据第四段的最后一句话58.Whatdoes"hands-onscience"meaninthelastparagraph?A.Sciencegamesdesignedbykids.B.Learningsciencebydoingthings.C.Ashowofkids'sciencework.D.Readingsciencebooks.【参考答案】B【考查内容】词意推测题【解析思路】根据最后一段的第四句话可知。59.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A.Asciencetextbook.B.Atouristmap.C.Amuseumguide.D.Anewsreport.【参考答案】C【考查内容推理判断题【解析思路】应该是博物馆指导书BHoneyfromtheAfricanforestisnotonlyakindofnaturalsugar,itisalsodelicious.Mostpeople,andmanyanimals,likeeatingit.However,theonlywayforthemtogetthathoneyistofindawildbees'nestandtakethehoneyfromit.Often,thesenestsarehighupintrees,anditisdifficulttofindthem.InpartsofAfrica,though,peopleandanimalslookingforhoneyhaveastrangeandunexpectedhelper-alittlebirdcalledahoneyguide.Thehoneyguidedoesnotactuallylikehoney,butitdoeslikethewaxinthebeehives(蜂房).Thelittlebirdcannotreachthiswax,whichisdeepinsidethebees'nest.So,whenitfindsasuitablenest,itlooksforsomeonetohelpit.Thehoneyguidegivesaloudcrythatattractstheattentionofbothpassinganimalsandpeople.Onceithastheirattention,itfliesthroughtheforest,waitingfromtimetotimeforthecuriousanimalorpersonasitleadsthemtothenest.Whentheyfinallyarriveatthenest,thefollowerreachesintogetatthedelicioushoneyasthebirdpatientlywaitsandwatches.Someofthehoney,andthewax,alwaysfallstotheground,andthisiswhenthehoneyguidetakesitsshare.Scientistsdonotknowwhythehoneyguidelikeseatingthewax,butitisverydeterminedinitseffortstogetit.Thebirdsseemtobeabletosmellwaxfromalongdistanceaway.Theywillquicklyarrivewheneverabeekeeperistakinghoneyfromhisbeehives,andwillevenenterchurcheswhenbeeswaxcandlesarebeinglit.60.Whyisitdifficulttofindawildbees'nest?A.It'ssmallinsize.B.It'shiddenintrees.C.It'scoveredwithwax.D.It'shardtorecognize.【参考答案】B【考查内容】细节理解题【解析思路】根据第一段的第四句话可知。61.Whatdothewords"thefollower"inParagraph2referto?A.Abee.B.Abird.C.Ahoneyseeker.D.Abeekeeper.【参考答案】C【考查内容】推理判断题【解析思路】根据上下文可知是找蜂蜜的人62.Thehoneyguideisspecialintheway_______.A.itgetsitsfoodB.itgoestochurchC.itsingsintheforestD.itreachesintobees'nests【参考答案】A【考查内容】推理判断题【解析思路】通过第二段写蜂蜜导游是如何得到蜡的，可知选A63.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WildBeesB.WaxandHoneyC.BeekeepinginAfricaD.Honey-Lover'sHelper【参考答案】D【考查内容】主旨大意题【解析思路】文章主要讲的是蜂蜜导游这种鸟是如何帮助爱蜂蜜的人和动物找到蜂蜜的。CAbouttwentyofushadbeenfortunateenoughtoreceiveinvitationstoafilm-studio(影棚)totakepartinacrowd-scene.Althoughour"act"wouldlastonlyforashorttime,wecouldseequiteanumberofinterestingthings.Weallstoodatthefarendofthestudioasworkmenpreparedthescene,settinguptreesattheedgeofawindingpath.Verysoon,brightlightswereturnedonandthebigmovie-camerawaswheeledintoposition.Thedirectorshoutedsomethingtothecameraoperatorandthenwenttospeaktothetwofamousactorsnearby.Sinceitwashotinthestudio,itcameasasurprisetoustoseeoneoftheactorsputonaheavyovercoatandstartwalkingalongthepath.Abigfanbeganblowingtinywhitefeathersdownonhim,andsoonthetreeswerecoveredin"snow".Twomorefanswereturnedon,anda"strongwind"blewthroughthetrees.Thepicturelookedsorealthatitmadeusfeelcold.Thenextscenewasacompletecontrast(对比).Thewayitwasfilmedwasquiteunusual.PicturestakenonanislandinthePacificwereshownonaglassscreen.Anactorandactressstoodinfrontofthescenesothattheylookedasiftheywereatthewater'sedgeonanisland.Byasimpletricklikethis,palmtrees,sandybeaches,andblue,clearskieshadbeenbroughtintothestudio!Sinceitwasourturnnext,wewereleftwonderingwhatscenewouldbepreparedforus.Forafullthreeminutesinourliveswewouldbeexperiencingtheexcitementofbeingfilm"Stars"!64.Whoistheauthor?A.Acameraman.B.Afilmdirector.C.Acrowd-sceneactor.D.Aworkmanforscenesetting.【参考答案】C【考查内容】推理判断题【解析思路】根据第一段可知65.Whatmadetheauthorfeelcold?A.Theheavysnowfall.B.Theman-madescene.C.Thelowtemperature.D.Thefilmbeingshown.【参考答案】B【考查内容】细节理解题【解析思路】根据第二段的最后一句话66.Whatwouldhappeninthe"threeminutes"mentioned,inthelastparagraph?A.Anewscenewouldbefilmed.B.Morestarswouldactinthefilm.C.Theauthorwouldleavethestudio.D.Thenextscenewouldbeprepared.【参考答案】A【考查内容】细节理解题【解析思路】根据最后一段可知DGrown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedeversince.Amanwhohasnothadachancetogoswimmingforyearscanstillswimaswellaseverwhenhegetsbackinthewater.Hecangetonabicycleaftermanyyearsandstillrideaway.Hecanplaycatchandhitaballaswellashisson.Amotherwhohasnotthoughtaboutthewordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins"Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar"orrememberthestoryofCinderellaorGoldilocksandtheThreeBears.Oneexplanationisthelawofoverlearning,whichcanbestatedasfollows:Oncewehavelearnedsomething,additionallearningtrialsincreasethelengthoftimewewillrememberit.Inchildhoodweusuallycontinuetopracticesuchskillsasswimming,bicycleriding,andplayingbaseballlongafterwehavelearnedthem.Wecontinuetolistentoandremindourselvesofwordssuchas"Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar"andchildhoodtalessuchasCinderellaandGoldilocks.Wenotonlylearnbutoverlearn.Themultiplicationtables(乘法口诀表)areanexceptiontothegeneralrulethatweforgetratherquicklythethingsthatwelearninschool,becausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverlearninchildhood.Thelawofoverlearningexplainswhycramming(突击学习)foranexamination,thoughitmayresultinapassinggrade,isnotasatisfactorywaytolearnacollegecourse.Bycramming,astudentmaylearnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexamination,butheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned.Alittleoverlearning,ontheotherhand,isreallynecessaryforone'sfuturedevelopment.67.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1?A.Peoplerememberwellwhattheylearnedinchildhood.B.Childrenhaveabettermemorythangrown-ups.C.Poemreadingisagoodwaytolearnwords.D.Storiesforchildrenareeasytoremember.【参考答案】A【考查内容】主旨大意题【解析思路】第一段举了几个例子来说明人们仍然记得小时候学过的东西。68.Theauthorexplainsthelawofoverlearningby_______.A.presentingresearchfindingsB.settingdowngeneralrulesC.makingacomparisonD.usingexamples【参考答案】D【考查内容】推理判断题【解析思路】通过第三段的例子来说明。69.Accordingtotheauthor,beingabletousemultiplicationtablesis_______.A.aresultofoverlearningB.aspecialcaseofcrammingC.askilltodealwithmathproblemsD.abasicsteptowardsadvancedstudies【参考答案】A【考查内容】细节理解题【解析思路】根据第四段可知70.Whatistheauthor'sopiniononcramming?A.Itleadstofailureincollegeexams.B.It'shelpfulonlyinalimitedway.C.It'spossibletoresultinpoormemory.D.Itincreasesstudents'learninginterest.【参考答案】B【考查内容】细节理解题【解析思路】通过最后一段可知。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Kids'health:FourstepsforfightingstressEverybodygetsstressedtimetotime.71Somewaysofdealingwithstress一likescreamingorhittingsomeone一don'tsolve(解决)much.Butotherways,liketalkingtosomeoneyoutrust,canleadyoutosolvingyourproblemoratleastfeelingbetter.Trytakingthesefoursteps.thenexttimeyouarestressed:(1)Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Talktoatrustedadult,suchasaparentorotherrelatives.72Theymighthavehadsimilarproblems,suchasdealingwithatest,orthedeathofabelovedpet.(2)Don'ttakeitoutonyourself.Sometimeswhenkidsarestressedandupsettheytakeitoutonthemselves.Oh,dear,that'snotagoodidea.Rememberthattherearealwayspeopletohelpyou.Don'ttakeitoutonyourself.73(3)Trytosolvetheproblem.Afteryou'recalmandyouhavesupportfromadultsandfriends,it'stimetogetdowntobusiness.74Evenifyoucan'tsolveitall,youcansolveapieceofit.(4)Bepositive.Moststressistemporary(暂时的).Rememberstressdoesgoaway,especiallywhenyoufigureouttheproblemandstartworkingonsolvingit.Thesestepsaren'tmagic,buttheydowork.Andifyoucanstaypositiveasyouyou’reyourwaythroughatoughtime,you'llhelpyourselffeelbetterevenfaster.75A.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.B.Noticeyourfriends'feelingsandfindawaytohelpthem.C.Differentpeoplefeelstressindifferentways.D.Ah,itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone.E.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddon'tforgetaboutyourfriends.G.Then,findawaytocalmdown.71.【参考答案】C【考查内容】考查对上下文的理解【解析思路】上文说每个人都时常有压力，下文说处理压力的一些方法，所以中间应该是不同的人以不同的方式感受压力。72.【参考答案】F【考查内容】考查对上下文的理解【解析思路】上文提到你的你母亲或其它亲人会给你帮助，这里应该是说也不要忘了你的朋友，他们可能有与你相似的问题。73.【参考答案】A【考查内容】考查对上下文的理解【解析思路】这段讲的是不要自己独自承受压力，寻求帮助帮你渡过难关。74.【参考答案】E【考查内容】考查对上下文的理解【解析思路】这段讲的是去解决问题，你需要去找出问题到底出在哪里。75.【参考答案】D【考查内容】考查对上下文的理解【解析思路】当你积极地渡过一段艰难的时光，你会感觉非常好。第Ⅱ卷注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。IlearnedearlyinlifethatIhadtobemorepatientandlittleaggressive.FromthetimeIwasaboutfouruntilIwasaboutsix,Idestroyedeachofmytoy.Iwashappywhenthetoysworked,butwhenthingsdidwrong,Igotangryandbrokeit.Forawhileparentsboughtmenewtoys.Butbeforelongtheybegantoseewhichwashappening.WhenItearapartmyfifthbirthdaytoytra