初三中考英语首字母填空解题技巧(含练习答案)

PAGEPAGE1学员编号：年级：课时数：学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课类型TC首字母填空T教学目标在题目中熟练运用首字母填空各项做题技巧星级★★★授课日期及时段教学内容C-首字母专题C-首字母专题（建议1分钟）首字母填空是同学们的老大难，可是再难也有办法！我们可能做过很多篇首字母填空，再面对一个新的题目时候，仍然做不出来。这就像是，有人要问我们一个小城堡里的家具都摆放在什么位置，但我们却一直站在门外，透过模糊的窗户往里面观望。却没想过要勇敢的敲门进去。我们站在外面太久了！现在由老师带着你走进去，看看这个城堡里面到底是什么样子的，里面的东西都有什么，都放在什么位置，放的位置有什么讲究。首字母填空就像是这么一个小城堡，我们来敲门进去吧！（利用好芝麻开门这个图标）【讲解】老师要神秘地启发学生，让他们想想首字母让填的单词都有什么单词，然后引导他们发现首字母填空这个城堡里面就住了这几个大佬，一个动词，一个形容词、一个是副词，一个是名词，一个是不定代词。本节我们就来会见一下副词。（建议25分钟）上海中考英语首字母填空分级训练上海中考英语首字母填空分级训练（2012年上海中考首字母）The2012LondonOlympicGamesareonthewa3'.YoumayhaveanicetripinLondonwiththehelpofthefollowinginformation.GettingaroundinLondonByundergroundTheundergroundisTheundergroundisfastandconvenient.Thereisastationeveryfewblocks.Undergroundtrainsrunfrom5:30a.m.to12:00midnight.Youcangettoanyplacee86.BybusTravelingbybusisagoodwaytoseethecity-,especiallyfromthetopofadouble-deckerbus.Thereisalwaysabusstopnearby.Therearespecialticketsforc87undertheageof12.BytrainTakeatraintovisitplacesoutsideLondon,likeHamptonCourtandWindsorCastle.YoucanuseaTravelcardontheunderground,busesandmosttrains.Top88yourjourney,getamapfromtherailwaystations,takesometimetothinkabouttheplacesyouwanttovisit.BytaxiLondon'sblacktaxisaref89.ManyvisitorstoLondonknowtheyaregoodandcomfortable.TheyWillcostyouafewpounds,though.Takeataxionce,fortheexperience.Byb90The"riverbus"leavesfromWestminsterPierandstopsatdifferentplacesbetweenWestminsterandGreenwichPier.AgoodwaytoseethecityfromtheRiverThames.BycarDon'tdriveyourcarinLondon!Carparksareverye91.Youhavetopayaspecialcongestioncharge(拥堵费)todriveyourcarintothecitycentre.BybikeTherearen'tmanygoodbicyclelanesinLondon.Cyclingwithalargeguidedgroupisbetterthanr92alone.OnfootThebestwaytovisitthecity!Butlookrightandleftbeforeyoucrossastreet.Therearemanybeautifulsightswaitingforyou.【参考答案】86：easily87:children88:plan89:famous90:boat91:expensive92:riding一、题型背景首字母填空题答题时要求既要使所填的词在语法和语义上正确，又要使其符合短文内容与情景的需要，所给出的词首字母同时起着提示和限定的作用。它不仅考查学生在词汇、语法等方面的基础知识，还考察理解、推导、分析等综合能力。考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这几大词类。二、解题技巧首字母填空是中考第一大难题，因为它是完形填空的变种，完形填空有四个完整的词汇供选择，而首字母填空只有一个首字母给到提示，所以难度大大增加，但是毕竟是考试题，还是有很多线索提供我们，而放在一个段落里考察，上下语境，以及前后逻辑就成了我们最大的提示。所以，不用担心，跟老师获取首字母填空的通关秘籍吧。首字母填空之通关秘籍第一招：判断词性通过句法分析弄清楚要填的词是在句中充当主语、谓语还是宾语等。如果是主语或宾语，要填的应当是名词或代词；如果是谓语，要填的就应是动词；如果是在名词前作定语或者在系动词后作表语，要填的应当是形容词；如像We______busy.He______fine.之类的句子，busy，fine都是形容词，也就是说句中还无动词，这一定是填系动词be，look等。如果是已经在文章前用方框给出了供选择的单词，通过这样的句法分析，就会将范围大大的缩小，可能就会只剩下一、两个单词了。第二招：语言逻辑就是利用上下文的意思与结构来填空，这个上下文可能是空格所处的那个句本身的前部分和后部分，也可能是空格前后的那个或那几句子，还有可能前后段落或对整篇文章的理解。有时甚至还要结合常识进行简单的逻辑推理才能准确判断出该填哪个词。中考英语段落还是比较简单的，所以出现的语言逻辑情况不多，纵观这几年的真题，基本上用好以下两个兵器就能解决了。兵器1、前后解释呼应Rememberthatdogsneede

.Youshouldtakeitforawalkeveryday.Don’tkeepyourdoginsideallday.【讲解】此空后面句子其实是对前面句子的进一步解释，尤其是划横线部分就相当于是对空格部分单词的对应解释，所以联想到e开头的动词，应该就是exercise。Whenyoubuyadog,animportantthingtothinkaboutisits

s

——buyasmalldogifyourhomeissmallandabiggeroneifyourhomeislarger。【讲解】buy这一句是不是就是对前面那一空的解释？大房子就买大狗，小房子买小狗，那不就是说要注意狗狗的大小吗。"Alongtime,"saidthedoctor."Maybeforther5ofyourlife."【2011年上海中考真题】【讲解】一个人要表达一个意思往往不止说一句话，一般说完后，会再补充几句以更加说明自己的观点和意思。此举就是对前面“alongtime”的补充说明。想到Therestof…..句型了吧？兵器2、连词提示（转折、递进、因果等）Mumusedtod97ustoschool,butnowmysisterandIhavestartedridingourbikestoschool.【2009上海中考真题】【讲解】but是一个标志性词，标志着前后句意思是转折对比关系。现在是骑车到学校，那和这个相对比，之前的是什么呢？肯丢只有drive了Westoppedtakinglongbathsandhadshortshowersi95.【2009上海中考】【讲解】文章就是讲节约能源的方法的，所以这句and前后其实内容是对比关系，instead都是至于句尾的，表达转折关系的词。Mostsunshinerecorderso102recorddirect(直接的)sunshine.Neil’sismoreaccurateandthisisveryimportantforresearchintowaysofusingsolarpower.Neilplanstokeepinventing.【2008年上海中考】【讲解】一看到more，就意味着什么？对，比较！那就是比较这两句，more所在这句意思是递进的，更“精确”，前面的肯定就是不够精确了，为什么不够精确呢？看到direct马上会想到indirect。所以联想，会不会是，大多数记录者only记录了directsunshine，而没有记录indirectsunshine。引导学生，看到more，but这种标志性连词，要高度兴奋。第三招：常识常理Alanawasonadiet,butshedidn'tlikeitatall.Shewasnota2toeatherfavouritefoodbythedoctor.【2011上海中考真题】【讲解】减肥期间，医生肯定是不让你随便吃东西的。这是常识常理。女生会更有感触。Whenpeoplestudytheweather,it’simportanttobeabletorecordthesunshineaccurately.Weneedtoknowhowmanyh101ofsunshinewehaveandhowstrongitis.【2008上海中考】【讲解】看到howmany，应该判断这个空应该是个可数名词，还像是一个量词，因为后面有ofsunshine，再根据常识，记录阳光精确，是要记录我们感受阳光的时间阳光本身的强度。特别提示！1、考虑词形变化是名词或代词要考虑是该用单数还是用复数；是人称代词是用主格还是宾格；如果是动词就要考虑是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；是谓语动词是主动语态还是被动语态，还要考虑该用哪一种时态；是非谓语动词是用-ing形式，不定式还是用过去分词。等等。切不可一确定是填哪个单词后，就在不作任何考虑的情况下填上去，犯了不该犯的错。2、注意固定搭配根据空格前后之间的固定搭配关系来分析。如begoodat，beinterestedin，makeprogress，atleast，atmost，atlast，inthisway，payavisitto，takecareof，alotof，haveapopulationof，getonwellwith，haveaparty，givesb.sth.，asksb.todosth.，be/getusedto，spend…doing，so…that…等等。好啦，我们的通关三招，俩大兵器、以及特别提示都传授给你了，下面我们来实战演练一下吧三、首字母阅读高频词汇梳理：动词动词A:allowedanswerattractappearedB:bringbecomeC:callcatchcomecorrectcollectclosedcarecompletedcleaningchangedconfuseschoosecomplaincausedD:disappeareddeal/dodecideddiscoveredE:enjoyingencouragesexchangeendexaminedF:findsfollowfailedfollowedflewfinishfallingfeelG:giveH:helphurriedhappenedhideI:isincludinginventedimprovedJ:judgeK:knownL:leavelockedlovelikelearnedlooklive/leadlieloseM:meansmakesN:namedneedO:offeredopenedP:ProvedplayedprotectplannedpayR:refusedrelaxreadreceivedrealizerepairrememberS:spendstoppedshoutsleepseemshowedSupposespreadsellsufferedsearchedsteppedsaved(saving)swimsmellstopsmileT:thinktrytalksturningU:usedunderstandV:workswantwrittenwalkingworry形容词形容词A:anyangryanotheractiveasleepaloneB:beautifulbestblackbluebrokenbetterC:closercertaincommoncheapconfidentcoldcarefulcrazy/curiousD:dailydifferentdifficultE:easyexcited(exciting)enjoyableeveryemptyenougheveryone's/everybody's/each/everyF:freefewfirstfullG:greatergoodH:heavyhappyhighesthungryhealthyI:interested(interesting)importantimpossible形容词形容词K:kindL:lesslittlelong(longer)lowerM:many/mostmodernmuchN:noisy/noisiernatural/necessarynoO:ownotherP:prefectprettierpleasedpossiblepopularpublicR:rightreasonablerealruderecentS:safesorrysamespecialsmallsicksafesickstraightT:twotiredtraditionalthese/threethickerthankfultopU:usefulV:variousW:wrongwonderfulwisewarmworried(2)worseY:young副词副词A:alongaroundalwaysalmostalsoaccordingactuallyagainanywhereB:backC:completelycarefully/closelyD:downE:exactlyespeciallyeasilyeveneverF:finallyfurtherG:hardlyhowhardI:insideinsteadL:luckilylateN:notneverO:onlyoffoutsideP:probablyPerhapsproperlyQ:quietly/quicklyR:reallyratherS:stillSlowlyseriouslysometimes(soonseldomsafelysimplySoftlyT:terriblythroughthentogetherU:usuallyW:whenwellwithY:yet代词代词anyoneanythingeithernothingoneshimselfherselfhersOurselvesothersminemyselfnothingnobodysomethingselfThese/Theythemyourself介词aboutabovebetweenBesidesexceptforfromonoverthanwithoutbehind名词名词A:addressactress(actor)amountarrangementarea/attractionArmyarm(s)B:busbedroombuildingC:countrycultureclasscustomerschancecolorcollegeD:diseasesdreamdaysdifferenceE:exerciseexperienceexampleendF:filmfuturefriendshipflatG:gamegradesH:houseworkhappinesshobbieshomes/houseshistoryholehairhopesI:informationideaJ:journeyjacketsjobL:lessonlistlivinglifeluckleglengthM:milkmoments(moment)minutesmenmoneymessagesN:namenumberP:popularpartproblemspeople/personsperformanceR:radiorestresponsibilityrulereasonsS:summerstorysmilestarssayingsurprisesideskillsT:troublethousandstypesW:writerwaywordsY:year连词连词As(After)andbeforebecausebut(however)untilsinceunlesswhetherthoughsothatwhatwhen/while（建议10分钟）练习一：各区县初三一模考题汇编1、虹口区D.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容顺畅，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)：（14分）Yearsago,Ilivedinabuildinginalargecity.Thebuildingnextdoorwasonlyafeetawayfrommine.Therewasawomanwholivedthere,whomIhadnevermet,y92Icouldseeherseatedbyherwindoweachafternoon,sewingorreading.Afterseveralmonthshadgoneby,Ibegantonoticethatherwindowwasdirty.Everythingseenthroughthedirtywindowwasunclear.Iwouldsaytomyself,"Iwonderwhythatwomandoesn'twashherwindow.Itreallyl93terrible."OnebrightmorningIdecidedtocleanmyf94includingwashingthewindowontheinside.L95intheafternoonwhenIfinishedthecleaning,Isatdownbythewindowwithacupofcoffeeforar96.Whatasurprise!Acrosstheway,thewomansiringbyherwindowwasclearlyvisible.Herwindowwasclean.Ihadbeencriticizing(批评)herdirtywindow,butallthetimeIwaswatchinghersthroughmyowndirtywindow.Thatwasquiteani97lessonforme.HowoftenhadIlookedatandcriticizedothersthroughthedirtywindowofmyheart,throughmyownshortcomings(短处)?Sincethen,wheneverIwanttoj98someone,Iwillaskmyselffirst,"AmIlookingathimthroughmyowndirtywindow?"Keys:yetlooksflatLaterestimportantjudge2、黄浦区 Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords:(14分)Ineveryclasstherearesomestudentswhodoverywellandsomewhodonot.Thatdoesn'tmeanthatthestudentswhodonotdowellarestupid.Therecanbemanyr92whyastudentdoesnotdowell.Perhapsthepersonisverysmartbutdoesn'twriteexamsverywell.Perhapstheyaresmartb93lazyanddonotknowhowtostudyanddon'tstudyhard.Perhaps,infact,theyarenotsmartatall.Theexamresultsdon'treallytellyouthat;theysimplytellyouhowwellyouhavedonecomparedwitho94studentsatthesamegradelevelasyouare.Inotherwords,examsdonotmeasure(衡量)accuratelyhowsmartyouarebecausetheycan'tmeasurethat.However,thisisthewaythesystemworksandthereisn'tmuchyoucandowithit.Ifyouu95thatgettinggoodmarksonanexamisabouthowtoprepareforandtowriteexamsandnotjustaboutwhatfactsyouknow,itcanhelpyoutodob96.Thegoodnewsisthatitwillbeoversoon.Youareveryyoungand,foryou,ay97seemslikealongtime,butcomparedwiththerestofyourlife,youwillfinishschoolandgointotheworkingworldsoonenough.Gettingagoodjob,ofcourse,dependsonhavingdonewellinschool,soyouneedtodecidethatyouaregoingtodowell,nomatterhowh98itis.Keys:reasonsbutotherunderstandbetteryearhard3、静安区D.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）:（14分）Asweknow,XiaoShenyangandLiuQiandidwonderfuljobsintileCCTVSpringFestivalGala.Nowmanypeoplearec92aboutthesetwopersons.Buthowmuchdoyouknowaboutthem?XiaoShenyangwasborninapoorpeasantfamilywhichisindifficultfamilyconditions(状况).HisrealnameisShenHe.Heisana93.HeisgoodatErRenZhuan.Helearnedacts,followingZhaoBenshan.Duringtheschoollife,hewasveryactiveinmanyactivities.Helookslikeasimpleman,buthen94stopspursuing(追求)hisartisticaspiration(渴望).Moreandmorepeoplelikehisstyle(风格)ofp95,andwehopehecanmakegreatprogressinthefuture.LiuQianisayoungmagicianfromTaiwan.Attheageof7,Liusawamagictoyinashop.Atthatmomenthebegantoloveandd96tolearnmagic.Liudidn'tgotoanymagicschool.Hepracticedplayingtrickseverydaytoimprovehiss97,untilonedayhewasabletoputonashowforhisclass.Hesawthesurpriseone98face,andhefeltitwascool.Heoftendoesstreetshowsforpassers-by,policeandfarmers.Heworkedhardatit.Nowheisafamousmagician.Keys:caringactorneverperformancedecidedskillseveryone’s4、宝山区D.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容顺畅，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)：（14分）ItwasseveralyearssinceHitlerbecameheadofthestate.AndhisarmywasgoingintosomepartsofEurope.Hewasthenatthet92ofhiscareer(生涯).OnedayHitlerwenttoanexhibitionwheretheworksofschoolchildrenwereonshow.Heseemedtohavegreatinterestintheexhibition.Afterwalkingroundthehallandexaminingeverything,hesaidhewasreadytomeettheyoungartists.Andsoonagroupofchildrenwereaskedtocomeouttogivehimawarmwelcome."Well,youdidgoodwork,"saidHitlerwithpleasure."I'mgoingtoaske93ofyouaquestion.IfyougivemetheanswerwhichI'mpleasedwith,Iamc94togivewhateveryouwant."Thenc95thequestions:"WhatwouldyouwishtobeifIwereyourfather?""Aseaman,"oneoftheboyssaid."Good.I'llhaveyoujoinmynavy(海军)andsomedayyouwillr96thewholesea.""Askforanything!WhatwouldyouwishtobeifIwereyourfather?"Heaskedasecondboy."AnartistasRembrant."(荷兰画家仑布兰特)"Good!YouaregoingtobesenttotheFineArtSchoolandsurelyyouwillbemadeanevengreaterartist."WhenHitlernoticedasad-lookingboy.hefeltunhappyoutoftheraceprejudices(种族偏见),thenquicklyforcedas97andsaid,"There,myboy,thoughIhatetheJews(犹太人),Iwouldpromisewhateveryouwant.Andyourwishwillbeturnedintoareality.WhatwouldyouwishtobeifIwereyourfather?"Theboylookeds98atthemanandsaidinaloudvoice,"Anorphan(孤儿)!"Keys:topeachcertaincamerulesmilesadly5、浦东新区 Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords:(14分)Morethanhalfofthepeopleintheworldnowownamobile.Andmostofthemthinkit'sthemostimportantthingtheyown.In(92)r___________surveys,peoplesaidtheycouldlivewithouttheirTVsandcomputersbutnotwithouttheirmobilephones.Mostpeoplesaidthattheywouldrather(93)l___________theirwalletthantheirmobile.Manypeoplesaidtheyeventooktheirmobilephonetobedwiththem...likeateddybear!Whyarepeoplesoinlovewiththeirmobilephones?Well,accordingtoanarticleinanAmericannewspaper,amobilesatisfiessomeneedsofthehumans.First,Safety,it(94)m___________usfeelmoresecure.Second,Belongingness,wefeelconnectedtootherpeoplewhenweare(95)a___________.Andthird,Esteem,wefeelimportantwhenothersseeususingamobilephone.Manycountriesarenowtryingtopreventtheuseofmobilephoneswhiledriving.Whenpeoplearetalkingorsending(96)m___________ontheirmobiles,theybecomedistracted(注意力分散).InAmerica,"distracteddriving"resultedinmorethan5,800deathslastyear.Wemayloveourmobilesbutthereisatimeandaplaceforthemtobe(97)p___________used.Drivingisn'tasuitableplaceandneitheristheclassroom.Usingamobileintheclassroomcanresultin"distractedlearning."Thatmaynotkillyoubutitcansurelykillyour(98)a___________.Docareaboutwhenandwheretouseyourmobiles!Keys:recentlosemakesalonemessagesproperlyattention练习二：西南位育中学D.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）:（14分）Thewholefamilyobjected（拒绝）stronglywhenIsaidIwasgoingtoEuropeovertheChristmasholidayswithacollegefriendofm___92___.Mothersaidthatsincetherewasgoingtobeafamilyreunion（团聚）Ireallyo___93___tostayathome.AlthoughIalwaysenjoyedtheseoccasions（场合）,nobodycouldpersuademetochangemymind.AweekbeforeChristmas,myfriendandIflewtoMadridandthentraveledbytrainthroughSpain,FranceandGermany.OnChristmasEvewearrivedatasmalltowninsouthernGermanyandweregreatlysurprisedtofindsomanya___94___inthetown.Thestreetswerec___95___withpeople,andtheshopswerefullofallkindsofinterestingthings.WewalkedaroundforhoursandjustbeforemidnightwewenttolistentoChristmassongssungbychildrenaroundthebrightlylightedtreeinthemainsquare.Wereturnedtoourhotellatethatnight,lookingforwardtothenextdaywhenweplannedtohaveChristmasd___96___atthebestrestaurantinthetown.However,inthemorningnopeopleweretobeseeninthestreet.Tomakethematterworse,everyshopwascloseduptight,eventherestaurants.Wesearcheduselesslyforhoursandfinallyhadtoreturntoourhotelfeelingunhappyandl___97___.OurChristmasmealwasabagoffruitthatmyfriendhadhappenedtobuythedaybefore.Ourthoughtsadlyturnedtoh___98___.Atthatmoment,ourfamiliesmusthavebeenwish