非谓语动词讲解定稿

非谓语动词讲解定稿第1页/共131页谓语：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。它有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。

e.g.He

works.

He

takescareof

thebaby.

He

willgo

toShanghai.

He

didn’tgo

toShanghai.

He

hasgone

toShanghai.

You

are

students.

You

looksmart.单谓语或动词短语情态动词/助动词+v.系动词+表语第2页/共131页非谓语：无人称，数的变化，不单独作谓语，但保留动词特点，可以有宾语或状语。e.g.Heworks.

Hewants

towork

here.

Heis

working

now.

Hehas

donehiswork.

第3页/共131页1.谓语动词：概述：2.非谓语词：在句子中担任谓语的动词

是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分(通俗地说，就是不能作谓语的动词变形）谓语动词与非谓语动词判别谓语动词及非谓语动词的方法Shegotoffthebus,________(leave)herhandbagonherseat.2.Shegotoffthebus,but

______(leave)herhandbagonherseat.leavingleft第4页/共131页一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时,这些动词就充当了非谓语动词.非谓语动词的使用条件1.Themantookoutthekey,_________(open)thedoorandenteredtheroom.2.Themansatthere,_________(read)abook.3._______(work)hard,andyouwillsucceed.4.Thequestion___________(discuss)atthemeeting

yesterdayisofgreatimportance.5.___________(improve)hisspokenEnglish,Mr.ZhanggoestotheEnglishcornereverySaturday.openedreadingWorkdiscussedToimprove由此可见，连词在决定句子结构以及谓语动词和非谓语动词的使用中起着关键的作用。第5页/共131页非谓语不定式（todo）V-ingV-edasanounasadj.oradv.现在分词动名词过去分词非谓语动词的分类表将来，主动。表进行，主动表完成，被动第6页/共131页Tomreturnedfromthemanager’soffice,tellingmethatthebosswantedtoseemeatonce.2.Thenewsmeeting,tobeheldinthathall,hasalreadybeencrowdedwithreporters.3.Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom.4.ThemantalkingwithmyfatherisMr.Wang.5.Toliveistostruggle.(生活就是斗争。)找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）第7页/共131页

1.Toseeyouisglad.=It’sgladtoseeyou.

2.Iwanttoseeyou.

3.Iwanthimtoseeyou.

4.Myhopeistoseeyou.

5.Heisthemantoseeyou.

6.I’mgladtoseeyou.

7.Iwenttoseeyou.

8.Hewentsoearlyastoseeyou.（作主语）(作宾语）（作宾补）(作表语）（作定语）（作原因状语）（作目的状语）（作结果状语）第8页/共131页9.Swimmingishisfavoritesport.10.Heenjoysswimming.11.Ifoundhim

swimmingintheriver.12.Hisfavoritesportisswimming.13.Hisfavouritesportisswimmingintheriver.14.Heisthemanswimmingintheriverjustnow.15.Itisaswimming

pool.16.SwimminginSummer,wecangetcool.(作主语)(作宾语)(作宾补)(作状语)(作定语)(作定语)(作表语)第9页/共131页

17.Theboywasveryexcited.

18.Theexcitedboyranhereandthere.

19.Itisa

brokencup.

20.Ifoundmywatch

takenaway.

21.Seenfromthetopofthehill,

thecitylooksverybeautiful.

（作宾补）(作表语）（作定语）（作状语）（作定语）第10页/共131页非谓语动词的句法作用非谓语动词主语宾语表语定语宾补状语不定式√√√√√√动名词√√√√现在分词√√√√过去分词√√√√高考热点第11页/共131页非谓语动词的时态和语态一.动词不定式的基本构成由不定式符号to加动词原形构成。其否定式由not+不定式构成主动态被动态一般式完成式进行式完成进行式todotohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendoingtobedonetohavebeendone第12页/共131页不定式时态的用法

1.不定式的动作与谓语动词同时发生时，或之后发生用一般时态。

1)Hewanted___________(see)you.2)Ihope___________(see)youagain.

2.强调不定式的动作正在进行时，用进行时态。

WhenIcamein,hepretended_____________(read)abook.3.强调不定式的动作在谓语动词之前发生时,用不定式完成时

Heissaid_____________(write)anovellastyear.toseetoseetobereadingtohavewritten第13页/共131页

不定式被动语态的用法

当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式的承受者时，用被动语态Itisanhonorformetobeaskedtospeakhere.Sheasked__________(send)toworkinTibet.Thebookissaid________________________(translate)intoEnglish.tobesenttohavebeentranslated4.强调动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，并可能持续下去时，用完成进行式

Sheissaid

(work)ontheproblemformanyyears.tohavebeenworking第14页/共131页1.InAustraliahemadealotoffriends

______averypracticalknowledgeofEnglish.A.getB.gettingC.togetD.got2.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle______.A.tobeheardB.tohaveheardC.hearingD.beingheardPractice第15页/共131页3.____late(迟起)

intheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingsleep4.Iwouldlove___tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.havinggoneC.goingD.tohavegone第16页/共131页5.Thepatientwaswarned___oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating6.Myteacherwasmade_____histeachingbecauseofpoorhealth.A.givingupB.togiveupC.giveupD.givenup7.IfoundtheGermanlanguagehard__.A.learnedB.learningC.tobelearnedD.tolearn第17页/共131页8.___aliving,shehadtoworkfrommorningtillnight.A.TomakeB.MadeC.MakingD.Tohavemade9.Theboypretended____whenhismotherentered.A.readingB.toreadC.tobereadingD.beingread10.Wefinditimpossibleforthework___aheadoftime.A.tofinishB.finishingC.beingfinishedD.tobefinished第18页/共131页时态\语态主动语态被动语态一般式

完成式v-ing形式的语法形式v-ing形式无人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化.其否定式由not+doing二、v-ing形式doinghavingdonebeingdone

havingbeendone非谓语动词的时态和语态第19页/共131页1.分词的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生,用v-ing形式一般时态.___________(ill),hedidn’tgotoschool.___________

(notknow)whattodonext,hewenttohisteacherforadvice.v-ing形式时态的用法BeingillNotknowing

2.如果分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前,分词就要用完成时。_____________(do)hishomework,theboywentouttoplay.______________(write)hiscomposition,hebegantodohisMathshomework.Havingdone

Havingwritten

第20页/共131页1._____________(see)thefilmmanytimes,hedidn’tgotoseeitlastnight.2.Theysatthereonthestone,________(talk)witheachother.3.________(use)yourhead,youwillfindaway.4.Themotherdied,_______

(leave)fivechildrenbehind.Havingseen

talking

Using

leavingFillintheblanks.第21页/共131页

当动词-ing形式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，就要用动词-ing形式的被动语态。动词-ing形式的被动语态1.____________(kill)bysharksintheseaisacommonthing.2.Hewasafraidof______________(scold)bytheteacher.3.Thebirdescaped____________(catch).4._________________(give)suchagoodchance,howwouldyounotvalueitatall?5.Iremember______________(tell)thestory.

BeingkilledbeingscoldedHavingbeengivenhavingbeentoldbeingcaught第22页/共131页1.____________(ask)toputonperformance,sherefused.2.Hedisliked_________________(interrupt)inhisexperiment.3._________________(give)suchagoodchance,youshouldcatchit.BeingaskedFillintheblanks.beinginterruptedHavingbeengiven第23页/共131页4.Ididn’tmind__________(leave)athome.5.Thehousewants_______(clean).6.Hecameinwithout___________(ask).7.__________________(show)aroundthelibrary,weweretakentoseethelab.beingleftcleaningbeingaskedHavingbeenshown第24页/共131页1.---WhatmadeBillsoangry?---___.Hisgirlfriendpromisedtocomeat8:30,butshehasn’tcomeyet.A.HavingkeptwaitingB.BeingkeptwaitingC.TobekeptwaitingD.BeingkeptwaitedPractice第25页/共131页

2.________thepiano,someonesuddenlyknockedatthedoor.A.PlayingB.WhenIwasplayingC.RepairingD.Examining

3.Mothercaughttheboy______inthecorner.A.smokeB.tosmokeC.beingsmokedD.smoking第26页/共131页

4.Thebuilding___inourschoolisforusteachers.Thoughthere’snoisemostoftheday,westillfeelhappyaboutit.A.builtB.havingbeenbuiltC.tobebuiltD.beingbuilt第27页/共131页

5.______theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanother2weeks..A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted第28页/共131页

6.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed___.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch第29页/共131页7.“Wecan’tgooutinthisweather”,saidBob,____outofthewindow.A.lookingB.tolookC.lookedD.havinglooked

8.Though_____money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin

第30页/共131页

9.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp___intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.A.topersuadedB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded第31页/共131页

10.Thebell_______theendoftheperiodrang,______ourheateddiscussion.A.indicating;interruptingB.indicated;interruptingC.indicating;interruptedD.indicated;interrupted第32页/共131页11.___manytimes,theboystilldidn’tknowhowtodotheexercises.A.HavingtaughtB.HavingbeentaughtC.taughtD.Teaching第33页/共131页

12.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage_____thegirlandtookheraway,____intothewoods.A.seizing;disappearedB.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearingD.seized;disappearing第34页/共131页

13._________thewholestory,Janedecidednottoseethefilm.A.HavingbeentoldB.HavingtoldC.BeentoldD.Telling第35页/共131页

14.______inthequeueofhalfanhour.Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited

15.Thepicture_____onthewallispaintedbymynephew.A.HavinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghung第36页/共131页16.Doyoumind___aloneathome?A.JaneleavingB.JanehavingleftC.Jane’sbeingleftD.Janetobeleft

第37页/共131页Thankyou!第38页/共131页(1)、过去分词的语法形式过去分词无人称和数的变化,也没有时态和语态的变化。(done)表示被动或完成(2)、过去分词的句法功能具有形容词和副词的特征,可充当成分:

表语定语,宾语补足语,状语三、done形式非谓语动词的时态和语态第39页/共131页1.Theglassis______(break).2.Theyweredeeply______(move).3.Thebuilding

_____(build)lastyear

canhold1,000people.4.WhenIwalkedhome,Isawaman_______(catch)bythepolice.5.______(see)

fromthetopofthehill,thetownlooksevenmorebeautiful.6.Deeply______(move)bythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.brokenmovedbuiltcaughtSeenmoved

(过去分词作表语,相当于一个形容词,说明主语的状态)(过去分词作定语,表被动）(过去分词作宾语补足语,表被动）(过去分词作宾语补足语,表被动）第40页/共131页辨析几类情况：第41页/共131页

1.动名词做主语往往表示泛指的、一般的行为;不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为或将来的动作。Climbingmountainsisgreatfun.爬山很有趣。TovisitChinaismynextgoal.2.不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。Ittookmeonlyfiveminutestofinishthejob.3.动名词作主语有时用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句尾。常见于以下句型中：It’snouse/good/…It’sfun/useful/nice/useless…

e.gIt’sniceseeingyouagain.

一、不定式与动名词做主语：第42页/共131页1.

_____alanguagerequirestimeandeffort.

A.Learn

B.Learning

C.TolearnD.Beinglearned2.Itisnotalwayseasy________invitations.

A.torefuseB.refusingC.toberefused D.beingrefused3.How__________theproblemwillbediscussedat

tomorrow’smeeting.

A.tosolve

B.tobesolved

C.beingsolved

D.solving4.Itisnogood__________.Youshouldgive_________.

A.tosmoke,itup

B.smoking,itup

C.smoking,upit

D.tosmoke,upit

第43页/共131页

二、不定式与动名词做宾语：1.下列动词后常跟不定式做宾语：

want,wish,hope,expect,ask,afford,agree,choose,pretend,decide,happen,learn,offer,refuse,fail,plan,prepare,order,manage,promise,intend等。e.g.Heagreed

togetsomeonetohelpus.Theypromised

nottobreaktheschoolrules

again.

第44页/共131页只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀：

决定想做计划需要同意能做被用来做的事迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事

decidetodosth.决定做某事

want∕wouldliketodosth.想做某事

plantodosth.计划做某

needtodosth.需要做某事

agreetodosth.同意做某事

affordtodo能做某事

beusedtodo被用来做

can’twaittodo迫不及待地要做某事

makeupone’smindtodo下决心做某事

usedtodo过去常常做某事

failtodo未能做某事第45页/共131页

2.在下列动词或动词短语后常用动名词做宾语：admit,advise,allow,avoid,bear,cannothelp,consider,delay,enjoy,finish,giveup,imagine.include,keep,keepon,mind,miss,putoff,permit,practice,resist,risk,suggest,stand,insiston,bebusy,beworth,feellike,can’tstand,thinkof,dreamof,befondof,prevent…(from),keep…from,stop…(from),protect…from,beengagedin,spend…(in),succeedin,admitto,be/get/becomeusedto,beequalto,devote…to,getdownto,lookforwardto,objectto,stickto,taketo,seeto,leadto,payattentionto等。

第46页/共131页

只能接-ing作宾语的动词口诀：

喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习

错过建议保持介意值得考虑（押韵）第47页/共131页喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习

enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事

spend...doingsth.花费…做某事

bebusydoingsth.忙于做…

imaginesb.doingsth.想象…做某事

can'thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事

feellikedoingsth.想要做某事

finishdoingsth.完成做某事

practicedoingsth.练习做某事第48页/共131页

missdoingsth.错过做某事

suggestdoingsth.建议做某事

keep(on)doingsth.保持（继续）做某事

minddoingsth.介意做某事

beworthdoingsth.值得做某事

considerdoingsth.考虑做某事错过建议保持介意值得考虑第49页/共131页

介词+doing

常考介词:at,in,onof,off,for,fromup,about,withoutto等等第50页/共131页begoodatdoingsth擅长做某事

beinterestedindoingsth.对做某事感兴趣

insistondoing坚持做某事

beusedfordoingsth.被用来做某事

thanksb.fordoingsth.谢谢某人做某事

betiredofdoingsth.厌烦做某事

beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事第51页/共131页putoffdoing推迟做某事stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事withoutdoingsth.没有做某事thinkaboutdoingsth.考虑做某事What∕Howaboutdoing做某事怎么样?第52页/共131页此to非彼tolookforwardtodoingsth.（盼望）

payattentiontodoingsth.（注意）

beusedtodoingsth.（习惯于）

preferdoingsthtodoingsth.（更喜欢）

devotetodoingsth（致力于）

makeacontributiontodoing（做贡献）第53页/共131页特殊词精讲:tododoingrememberforger(do在后)要做（do在前）做过stopgoon（两个字）两件事（一个字）一件事likehatelove一次性长期try尽力做尝试做startbegin一样

一样

第54页/共131页stopdoing/todostoptodo停下来去做另一件事，stopdoing停止正在做的某事。Eg:他们停下来吸烟。Theystoptosmoke.我必须戒烟了Imuststopsmoking.第55页/共131页forgettodo忘记要去做某事，forgetdoing忘记做过某事。Eg：办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作Thelightintheofficeisstillon.Heforgottoturnitoff.他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已做过关灯的动作）Heforgotturningthelightoff.forgetdoing/todo

第56页/共131页rememberdoing/todoremembertodo记得去做某事rememberdoing记得做过某事记着放学后去趟邮局。Remembertogotothepostofficeafterschool.

你不记得以前见过那个人吗?Don'tyourememberseeingthemanbefore?第57页/共131页goondoing/todogoontodo做了一件事后，接着做另一件事，goondoing继续做原来做的事。Eg：做完数学后，他接着去做物理。Afterhehadfinishedhismaths，hewentontodohisphysics.做完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习Goondoingotherexercisesafteryouhavefinishedthisone.第58页/共131页trydoing/todosth.trytodosth.努力,尽力做某事Althoughmathsisdifficult,Iwilltrytostudyit.trydoingsth.试着做某事Themachinecouldn’twork.Let’stryrepairingit.第59页/共131页小试牛刀1.Nowmoreandmorepeoplearebusy_____abouttheInternet.A.learnB.tolearnC.learningD.learned2.-It'stoohot.Wouldyoumind_____thedoor?-______.Pleasedoit.

A.toopen;OK

B.opening;Certainlynot

C.opening;Ofcourse

D.toopen;Goodidea3.Nomatterhowharditis,we'llkeep_____untilwemakeit.A.failedB.failingC.triedD.trying第60页/共131页4.-Areyouenjoying_____inNingbo?

-Yes,weare.Verymuch.A.toliveB.livingC.livesD.lived5．Wecouldn’thelp_____(laugh)afterweheardthefunnystoryA.tolaughB.laughingC.laughsD.laughed第61页/共131页

6.Hegaveussomeadviceonhow____English.A.learningB.learnedC.tolearnD.learn7.It’sapayday,andtheyarewaiting____.A.payB.payingC.paidD.tobepaid8.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen

,butI’mgoingtostudyintheU.S.AthisSeptember.A．tobeheard B.tobehearingC．tohear D.tohaveheard

第62页/共131页9.Iforgot_____mynamewhenIfinished____thecomposition.A.tosign,towritingB.tosign,writingC.signing,writing10.---Youwerebraveenoughtoraisedobjectionsatthemeeting.---Well,nowIregret____that.A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone11.Shecan’thelp____thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.A.tocleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.beingcleaned第63页/共131页

12.Martinlookssowell.We’veneverseenhim____sowellbefore.

A.islookedB.islooking

C.tolookD.look13.Myfatherhasdecided______becausesmokingisbadforhishealth.A.tostoptosmokeB.tostopsmokingC.stoppingsmokingD.stoptosmoke14Itiskind___metocarrythesebooks.A.ofyouhelpingB.foryoutohelp

C.ofyoutohelpD.foryouhelping第64页/共131页15.—Wouldyoulike___somebreadorbiscuits?

—Nothanks.Idon’tfeellike

anythingnow.A.tohave,eatingB.tohave,toeatC.having,toeatD.having,eating16.—Doyourememberme,Tom?

—Ah,yes,Iremembered_____youinJUSCOlastyear.A.seeB.seesC.toseeD.seeing第65页/共131页三、不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词做表语

1.表示一定的概念，具有名词的性质时，不定式和动名词可以互换。

e.g.Myhobbyiscollecting/tocollectancientcoins.2.若表示具体的、个别的动作或有将来含义时，一般用不定式。

e.g.Mywishistofindapart-timejobthissummer.3.现在分词和过去分词作表语具有形容词特征,也可以作为形容词。但要注意二者的区别

e.g.Thepartywasveryexciting.Theywereveryexcitedatthenews．第66页/共131页1.Herwishis__________anengineer.

A.becoming

B.become

C.tobecome

D.beingcome2.Somepeople’sgreatestpleasureis______.

A.fishing

B.tofish

C.tobefishing

D.beingfish3.Thereportwasso_______thattheywereall__________.

A.inspiring,exciting

B.inspiring,excited

C.inspired,excited

D.inspired,exciting4.---“Youlookpale.”

---“Ifeelalittle__________.”A.tire B.tired C.tiring D.tiresome

第67页/共131页四、不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词做定语

1.不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词后，表示未发生的动作或将要发生的某一动作。

e.g.ThetraintoarriveisfromLondon．

Heisalwaysthefirsttocome

andthelasttoleave.2.动名词做定语往往说明所修饰词的某种用途，一般放在被修饰词的前面。

e.g.awashingmachine（动名词做定语，=amachinewhichisusedforwashing）洗衣机

areadingroom（动名词做定语，=aroomwhichisusedforreading）阅览室第68页/共131页3.

现在分词作定语表示主动、正在进行的动作。过去分词作定语则表示被动、或完成的意义。单个分词或形容词性的分词作定语往往放在被修饰词的前面；分词短语作定语多置于被修饰词后面。

e.g.therisingsun（现在分词做定语，=thesunwhichisrising）正在升起的太阳thechangingworld（现在分词做定语，=theworldwhichischanging）变化中的世界amovingmovie感人的电影excitedvoice激动的声音（形容词性分词作定语）fallenleaves落叶abrokencup一个破了的杯子（过去分词作定语则表示被动、或完成）第69页/共131页1.Shesaidshehadaimportantmeeting____.A.toattendinB.toattendC.attendD.attending2.Heisalwaysthefirst______questions.A.toanswerB.answeringC.tobeansweredD.beinganswered3.TheOlympicGames_______intheyear2012willbeagreatsuccess.A.beingheldB.tobeheldC.heldD.tohold4.Thefirsttextbooks____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written第70页/共131页5.Atpresent,Englishisthemainsubject___________here.A.tobetaughtB.beingtaughtC.teachingD.tobeteaching6.---"Whoarethosepeoplewiththebanner?"---"Agroup_______itselftheLeagueforpeace."A.callingB.callsC.calledD.iscalled7.Thepen__________belongstome.A.whichitisonthetableB.lyingonthetableC.isonthetableD.whichonthetable第71页/共131页五、不定式、现在分词、过去分词做补足语1.在“动词+宾语+不定式”结构中，不定式作宾语补足语，“宾语+不定式”构成了复合宾语。

有些动词要求不定式不带to，有些要求必须带to，还有的带与不带都可以。●以下动词后常跟带符号to的不定式做宾语补足语：

ask,tell,want,wish,order,persuade,advise,allow,warn,encourage,cause,require等。e.g.Thedoctoradvisedhimtostayinbedforanotherfewdays.Wewishhimtoremainandacceptthepost.

我们希望他留下来接受这个职位。第72页/共131页

接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀：

请求与命令想要邀请期待鼓励与建议答应告诫允许提醒和帮助asksb.todosth.请求某人做某事

ordersb.todosth.命令某人做某事

wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事

invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事

expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事

encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事

advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事promisesb.todo答应某人做某事

warnsb.nottodosth.告诫某人做某事

allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事

remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事

helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事第73页/共131页●有些感官动词和使役动词，如see,watch,hear,feel,notice,observe,lookat,listento,let,have,make,keep,get等后常跟不带符号to的不定式做宾语补足语，常表动作的整个过程。

e.g.Wenoticedhimenterthehouse.

我们留意到他进了那所房子。

Thebossmadethemworktwelvehoursaday.

老板让他们一天干12小时工作。第74页/共131页

省略to的情况:使役动词和感官动词后：一感二听三让四看feel/hear,listento/let,make,have,/lookat,see,watch,noticehadbetter（not）dosth.最好(不)做…whynot/whydon’tyoudosth为什么不做…?helpsb.（to）dosthWouldrather宁愿做…wouldyouplease情态动词+do助动词+do第75页/共131页牛刀小试1.

Mymotheroftenasksme_____somecleaningonSundaysAdoB.doesC.didD.todo2.

–DoyouoftenhearJohn_____inhisroom?–Listen!Nowwecanhearhim__inhisroom.A.sing,tosingB.sing,singC.sing,singingD.tosing,singing3.

Iwatchedher___inthenextroomlastnight.

A.dancingB.todanceC.dancesD.dance4.Let’s______swimmingaftertheexam.A.goB.goesC.togoD.went5.

You’dbetter_______abus.A.tocatchB.catchC.catchesD.catching第76页/共131页6.ThedoctoradvisedLaoLi____morerest.A.thathegetB.togetC.wouldgetD.get7.Soontheysawtheboy____inthecrowd.A.disappearB.todisappearC.disappearsD.disappeared8.Birdsareseldomheard_____atnight.A.singB.singingC.tosingD.tobesinging

第77页/共131页2.现在分词做补足语分两种情况：●形容词性质的现在分词作补足语e.g.Ifindthebookveryinteresting.我发现这本书非常有趣。（宾语补足语）Theboyisfoundveryannoying.发现这个小男孩很令人讨厌.（主语补足语）●动词性质的现在分词作补足语：感官动词和使役动词,如see,watch,hear,feel,notice,observe,lookat,listen

to,let,have,make,keep,get等后可以跟表示动作性质的现在分词作补足语,表示“正在或持续做某事”。e.g.Iseehimpassingbyabank.我看见他正经过一家银行。（宾语补足语）Hewasseenworkinginthegarden.有人看见他正在花园里干活。（主语补足语）第78页/共131页1.Hekeptme__________formanyhours.A.towaitB.havingbeenwaitedC.waitingD.waited2.Mothercaughttheboy__________inthecorner.A.smokeB.tosmokeC.smokingD.beingsmoked3.HavingreadtheEmperor'sNewClothes,weallfoundit___.A.interestB.interestedC.interestingD.tointerest第79页/共131页区分下列词组:seesb.doing/dosth.hearsb.doing/dosth.watchsb.doing/dosth.noticesb.doing/dosth.第80页/共131页感官动词see,watch,lookat,notice,hear,listento,feel+do表示动作的完整性，+doing表示动作的进行性。注意：被动语态中不能省去to。第81页/共131页3.过去分词(done)做宾语补足语，说明宾语的性质或状态，与宾语一起构成复合宾语，其前的宾语是它的逻辑主语。●若是及物动词的过去分词，既表示被动，也可以表示动作已经完成（即先于谓语动词）。●若是不及物动词的过去分词，则只表示完成。●句子由主动变被动时，宾语补足语相应的变为主语补足语。

Thebossfoundhisplancarriedoutsuccessfully.Theboywasfoundlostintheforest.HaveyouheardthissongsunginJapanese?(宾补)ThissongisoftenheardsungeverywhereinChina.(主补)第82页/共131页1.Ineedthischapter__________beforetomorrow.A.rewritingB.rewrittenC.rewriteD.towriteagain2.Whenshereturnedhome,shefoundthewindowopenandsomething__________.A.tostealB.losingC.missedD.stolen

3.Therewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldnotmakehimself_________.A.beingheardB.heardC.hearingD.hear

第83页/共131页六、不定式、现在分词、过去分词做状语1.不定式做状语，主要表示目的、结果、原因以及评论性状语。●不定式往往放在系表结构后面，表示产生某种情绪或状态的原因。e.g.ShewassurprisedtoseeJimwalkin.看到吉姆进来，她很惊讶。●不定式可以单独作目的状语，有时为了强调目的性,在不定式前可以加上inorder,soas。e.g.Tosucceed,onemustfirstofallbelievein

himself.

Inordertokeepwarm,weshutallthewindows.第84页/共131页●不定式表结果,常用在too…to,enough…to结构中。有时不定式前加上only,表示出人意料的结果。e.g.Thechildisoldenoughtodresshimself.Wehurriedtothestationonlytobetoldthatthetrainhadleft.Thehusbandlefthiswife,nevertoreturn.

●有些不定式是用来表示说话者的观点或态