2018年高考英语真题中的语法选择题目

2018年高考英语真题中的语法选择题目

北京卷

1.---Hi,I’mPeter.Areyounewhere?Ihaven’tseenyouaround？

---Hello,Peter.I’mBob.IjustonMonday.

A.startB.havestartedC.startedD.hadstarted

2.__________wedon’tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworld

willbegone.

A.AlthoughB.WhileC.IfD.Until

3.__________alongtheoldSilkRoadisaninterestingandrewardingexperience.

A.TravelB.TravelingC.HavingtraveledD.Traveled

4.Susanhadquitherwell-paidjoband________asavolunteerinthe

neighborhoodwhenIvisitedherlastyear.

A.isworkingB.wasworking

C.hasworkedD.hadworked

5.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,__________helpsthemkeepfit.

A.whichB.whoC.asD.that

6.DuringtheMid-AutumnFestival,familymembersoftengather

together__________ameal,admirethemoonandenjoymooncakes.

A.shareB.toshareC.havingsharedD.shared

7.China’shigh-speedrailways__________from9,000to25,000kilometersinthe

pastfewyears.

A.aregrowingB.havegrown

C.willgrowD.hadgrown

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8.Inanyunsafesituation,simply________thebuttonandahighly-trainedagent

willgetyouthehelpyouneed.

A.pressB.topressC.pressingD.pressed

9.Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho__________inthe

mountainsfortwodays.

A.aretrappingB.havebeentrapped

C.weretrappingD.hadbeentrapped

10.Ordinarysoap,__________correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.

A.usedB.touseC.usingD.use

11.Withouthissupport,wewouldn’tbe__________wearenow.

A.howB.whenC.whereD.why

12.Intoday’sinformationage,thelossofdata__________causeseriousproblems

foracompany.

A.needB.shouldC.canD.must

13.Theymighthavefoundabetterhoteliftheyafewmorekilometers.

A.droveB.woulddriveC.weretodriveD.haddriven

14.---Goodmorning,Mr.lee’soffice.

---Goodmorning.I’dliketomakeanappointment__________nextWednesday

afternoon.

A.forB.onC.inD.at

15.Thisis__________myfatherhastaughtme--toalwaysfacedifficultiesand

hopeforthebest.

A.howB.whichC.theD.what

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2018年高考英语真题中的语法选择题目

天津卷

1.—Wasn'tJoansupposedtobeherebynow?

一.Shewillbehereinabouttwentyminutes.

A.AllrightB.Don'tworry

C.NowonderD.Enjoyyourself

2.Kate,_________sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgone

toworkinAustralia.

A.whomB.thatC.whoseD.her

3.AtfirstRobertwouldn'tlethisdaughtergodiving,buteventuallyhe_________

asshewassoconfidentaboutherskills.

A.gaveinB.dressedupC.brokeinD.turnedup

4.Let'snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekend___________theygetsweet

enoughtobeeaten.

A.eversinceB.asifC.eventhoughD.sothat

5.—I'mmovinginafewdaysandIwonderifyoucouldhelp.

—_________.Justletmeknowwhen,andI'llbethere.

A.YoubetB.ItdependsC.ForgetitD.Nokidding

6.The________thatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniversehasalways

inspiredscientiststoexploretheouterspace.

A.adviceB.orderC.possibilityD.invitation

7.IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotographs___________.

A.takingB.takenC.beingtakenD.take

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8.Ittookhimalongtimeto___________theskillsheneededtobecomeagood

dancer.

A.displayB.acquireCteachD.test

9.Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedto__________winsthefirstplaceinthe

bicycler.

A.whomeverB.whereverC.whoeverD.whatever

10.Ican'tfindmypurse.I___________itinthesupermarketyesterday,butI'mnot

sure.

A.shouldleaveB.musthaveleftC.mightleaveD.couldhaveleft

11.Bobthoughthecouldn'tgotothepartybecausehehadtowriteareport,buthe

went___________.

A.atfirstB.afterallC.aboveallD.atrandom

12.Ididn'tmean___________anythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatI

couldn’thelp_______.it

A.toeat；totryB.eating；tryingC.eating；totryD.toeat；trying

13.Mywashingmachine___________thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesby

hand.

A.wasrepairedB.isrepaired

C.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired

14.Itwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhouse___________wesaw

Lilyinthepassengerseat.

A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where

15.Ifwe_______theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthe

beachnow.

A.hadcaughtB.caught

C.havecaughtD.wouldcatch

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2018年高考英语真题中的语法选择题目

江苏卷

21.Byboatistheonlywaytogethere,whichis_______wearrived.

A.whereB.whenC.whyD.how

22.Kidsshouldn’thaveaccesstoviolentfilmsbecausetheymight_______

thethingstheysee.

A.indicateB.investigateC.imitateD.innovate

23.Self-drivingisanarea_______

Chinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when

24.It’sstrangethathe_______

havetakenthebookswithouttheowner’spermission.

A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might

25.DevelopingtheYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltisasystematicprojectwhich___

____aclearroadmapandtimetable.

A.callsforB.callsonC.callsoffD.callsup

26.Around13,500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod,_______

theexpectednumberof12,000heldbymarketanalysts.

A.havingexceededB.toexceed

C.exceededD.exceeding

27.Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andIwishI______

asecondchancetobecomemoreinvolved.

A.hadB.willhaveC.wouldhavehadD.havehad

28.—Youknowwhat?I’vegotaNewYearconcertticket.

—Oh,_______You’rekidding.

A.sowhat?B.goahead.C.comeon.D.whatfor?

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29._______youcansleepwell,youwilllosetheabilitytofocus,planandstay

motivatedafteroneortwonights.

A.OnceB.UnlessC.IfD.When

30.Iwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowthedevelopmentplan_______

inthepasttwoyears.

A.hadbeencarriedoutB.wouldbecarriedout

C.isbeingcarriedoutD.hasbeencarriedout

31.Hopefullyin2025wewillnolongerbee-

mailingeachother,forwe_______moreconvenient

electroniccommunicationtoolsbythen.

A.havedevelopedB.haddeveloped

C.willhavedevelopedD.developed

32.Trytounderstandwhat’sactuallyhappeninginsteadofactingon

the_______you’vemade.

A.assignmentB.associationC.acquisitionD.assumption

33.China’ssoftpowergrows_______

theincreasingappreciationandunderstandingofChinaglobally.

A.inlinewithB.inreplytoC.inreturnforD.inhonourof

34.Despitethepoorserviceofthehotel,themanageris_______toinvestin

sufficienttrainingforhisstaff.

A.keenB.reluctantC.anxiousD.ready

35.—Whathappened?Yourbossseemsto_______.

—Didn’tyouknowhissecretaryleakedthesecretreporttothepress?

A.beoverthemoonB.laughhisheadoff

C.beallearsD.flyoffthehandle

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参考答案

【北京卷】

1.C2.C3.B4.B5.A

6.B7.B8.A9.D10.A

11.C12.C13.D14.A15.D

【天津卷】

1．B2．C3．A4．D5．A

6．C7．B8．B9．C10．D

11．B12．D13．C14．B15．A

【江苏卷】

21.D22.C23.B24.B25.A

26.D27.A28.C29.B30.A

31.C32.D33.A34.B35.D

长难句分析

一、长难句的分类

1、带有较多成分的简单句。如：

Havingchosenfamilytelevisionprogramsandwomen’smagazines，thetoothpastemarketer，

forinstance，mustselecttheexacttelevisionprogramsandstationsaswellasthespecificwomen’s

magazinestobeused.例如，决定选择家庭电视节目和妇女杂志后，牙膏经销商还必须挑选

出要用的确切的电视节目和电视台，以及那些具体的妇女杂志。

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在这个有30多个词的简单句中，动词-ing形式短语用作时间状语，不定式tobeused修

饰的不仅是women’smagazine，而且还修饰televisionprogramsandstations.exacttelevision

同时修饰programs和stations两个词，这在翻译中可以看出来。插入语forinstance把主语

和谓语分隔开了。

2、含有多个简单句的并列句。如：

Inthe1970shewasasurgeonatYale，hadawonderfulwifeandfivebeautifulchildren，but

hewasterriblyunhappy.在20世纪70年代，他在耶鲁当外科医生，有位出色的太太和5个漂

亮的孩子，但他那时过得却很不开心。

在第二个并列句中，即在had前面省略了andhe.

Discrimination(歧视)isn’ttheironlyconcern；almosteveryonetestingpositiveforthe

Huntington’sgene(基因)developssymptoms(症状)duringmiddleage，anddoctorscando

nothingtohelp.担心受到歧视并不是他们唯一的忧虑，几乎所有遗传性亨廷顿病基因检测呈

阳性的人在中年时症状都会显现出来，而医生对此却无能为力。

三个分句均为简单句，分别用分号和and连接。

3、含有多个从句的复合句。如：

Ican’tliveinfearofthepossibilitythatastheearth’spopulationgrowsandweusemoreand

moreofournonrenewable(不能再生的)resources，ourchildrenmayhavetoleadpoorerlives.

我不能总是生活在对这种可能性的忧虑中：由于地球上人口的不断增长，由于我们正在

消耗掉越来越多的非再生资源，我们的孩子可能不得不过着更加贫穷的生活。

在possibility后由that引导的同位语从句中还含有一并列结构的时间状语从句：as…resources.

However，thoseofuswhoareparentsofchildreninthisagegroupknowthatsuchoffersare

relativelyrareandthatmanyliberal-artsstudents(文科生)graduatewiththebeliefthatthe

prospective(预期的)workplacemaynothaveaplaceforthem.

然而，我们这些有这个年龄段孩子的家长们都知道，这样的机会少得可怜；我们也知道，

许多文科毕业生认为未来的就业市场没有他们的一席之地。

本句的主谓语是：thoseofusknow。know有两个由that引导的宾语从句，其中第二个省略

了know。在主句中还有一个定语从句修饰thoseofus，在第二个宾语从句中还有一个同位

语从句修饰belief。

4、含有多个插入成分的句子。如：

Hisjourneytothee-mailhellbeganinnocently（无知地）enoughwhen,aschairmanof

ComputerAssociatesInternational，asoftwarecompany，hefirstheardhowquicklyhisemployees

hadacceptedtheirnewelectronic-mailsystem.他在电子邮件的地狱之旅是糊里糊涂开始的。

作为国际计算机联合公司这家软件公司的董事长，他当时还是第一次听说他的雇员们是多么

快地就接受了他们公司的新的电子邮件系统。

aschairmanofComputerAssociatesInternational是he的同位语，asoftwarecompany是

ComputerAssociatesInternational的同位语，他们将从属连词when引导的时间状语从句的

主语分隔开了。

5、并列复合句。如：

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Ihaveknownchangesforthebetterandchangesfortheworse，butIhaveneverquestioned

thefactthatwhetherIlikeditornot，changewasunavoidable.

我经历过好的变化，也经历过坏的变化，但是我从来没有怀疑过这样一个事实，即不管

我喜欢与否，变化总是不可避免的。

在but后的那个并列的分句中有一个同位语从句，其中还含有一个让步状语从句。

Theyalsofoundthatthebusconductorhadamajorroleinpreventingvandalism（故意破坏

行为），andatthetimeshewentupthestairstotheupperdecktocollectfares，vandalismdid

notoftenoccur.

他们还发现公交车售票员在防止发生故意破坏方面发挥了重要的作用。当售票员到双层

公交车的上层收费时，破坏行为就不常发生。

在前一个并列分句中有一个宾语从句，在后一个并列的分句中有一个修饰times的定语

从句，这个定语从句前省略了关系词that或when.

二、长难句分析步骤

1、首先确定句子是简单句、复合句或并列句。

2、如果是简单句，首先确定主谓结构；接着确定宾语和宾语补足语（如有的话）；然后

确定定语和状语等次要成分，即找出主语、谓语和宾语各自的修饰语。按照所确定的各个成

分，给出全句大意（可用翻译法）。译文意思应当通顺，并和上下文意义基本吻合。如意义

出入较大，文理不通，则分析可能有误，这时应考虑重新进行句子结构分析。

3、如果是并列句，首先应找出并列连词并把全句分解为若干个分句；接着按照简单句

的分析方法再细分各分句的内部结构和句意；然后将全句综合考虑。

4、如果是复合句，首先找出从属连词并确定出主句，这时应特别注意连词省略现象和

多义连词在句中的确切含义；接着按照简单句的分析方法再细分各分句的内部结构和句意；

然后确定从句的性质，即该从句在句中修饰什么词语或结构；最后整体考虑全句大意，尤其

要注意对修饰语的判断是否准确。

三、长难句分析的注意事项

在分析句子成分时，还应特别注意下列几点：

1、是否有同位语和插入语。

2、是否有省略、倒装和分隔等现象。

3、替代词的所指对象。

4、判断并列成分的层次。

5、句首的并列连词and、or、but、for通常起承上启下的作用，不要将他们归入后文的

句法分析。

6、在从句多的句子中，从句中又包含从句的现象。

7、非限定动词短语在句中作次要成分（定语和状语）时又带着自己较长的从属成分，

尤其是状语从句或宾语从句时的结构分析。

8、在有多个从句的复合句和并列句中，状语（单个词、短语或从句）究竟是全句的修饰

语还是某个从句或词语的修饰语。

练习：

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1.Canadahasvastareasofwilderness,fromtheArcticnorth,whereaveragewinter

temperaturesareusuallyminus20degreescentigrade,tothe8,892-kilometre-longborder

withtheUSAtothesouth,whichisthelongestborderintheworldnotdefendedbyanarmy

orthepolice.

2.Montreal,aportintheprovinceofQuebec,isthesecondlargestcityinCanada,andalsothe

secondlargestFrench-speakingcityintheworld,Parisbeingthelargest.

3.Asamodern,dynamiccity,Montrealhasalivelynightscene,withmanyrestaurantsandclubs,

aswellasculturalandstreetfestivalstoensurethatnovisitoriseverbored.

4.Italsohassuperbscenery,abeautifulharbour,andallthecomfortsofmodernlifeand

internationalcuisine,inadditiontobeingclosetosomeverypopularskiareas.

5.Thewaterfalls,thelargestofwhichisshapedlikeasemicircle,are670metreswide,andfall56

metresinanawesomewhitesheetofwater.

6.Althoughonlyahandfulofpeoplebecamesuccessful,manystayedandbuiltsettlementsin

thearea,andtherearenowmanymuseumsshowingwhatlifewaslikebackthen.

7.Indeed,sittinginfrontofthetelevisionwatchingasportsevent,withadrinkinonehandand

somefastfoodintheother,isverycommoninAustralia.

8.Anotherpopularsport,cricket,isoriginallyfromtheUK,andhasbeenexportedtoand

followedincountriesinfluencedbyit,suchasAustralia,India,Pakistan,KenyaandSouthAfrica.

9.Ithinkthatthatthatthatthatstudentwroteontheblackboardwaswrong.

10.Havingchosenfamilytelevisionprogramsandwomen’smagazines，thetoothpastemarketer，

forinstance，mustselecttheexacttelevisionprogramsandstationsaswellasthespecific

women’smagazinestobeused.

11.SchoolsacrossChinaareexp