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宾语从句课件与讲解第1页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一

We

know

him.

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s谓v谓v宾o宾o宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语

主s谓v宾o简单句复合句一、什么是宾语从句?试比较第2页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一二、宾语从句三要素引导词(连接词)语序(人称)时态第3页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut(宇航员)?Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.

Pleasetellme

whereshehasgone.Idon’tknowifhewillcometonight.Let’sfindoutwhat’sontonight.FindouttheObjectClauses

WeareproudofthatBeijingisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.引导词(连接词)第4页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一2.由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句。这些连词既有词义又充当句子成份。e.g.1)Doyouknowwhosebookitis?(谁的,作定语)2)Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?(为什么,作状语)3)Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.(谁,作主语)注:that在句中无词义,在从句中不能充当句子成分,在口语中往往被省略。e.g.Ihear(that)

hewillbebackinanhour.1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句宾语从句的引导词(一)第5页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一3.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句e.g.Iwanttoknowif/whethersheisright.Theydidn’tknowwhetherTomcouldcomebackornot.if/whether引导宾语从句表示“是否”之义,在句中不充当句子成份。if/whether可互换,但whether…ornot为固定搭配.看一看:Idon’tknowifitwillraintomorrow.Ifitrains,I’llstayathome.Iwanttoknowwhenhewillcomeback.Whenhecomesback,pleasetellme.想一想:when和if可以引导什么从句?它们的时态有什么特点?when和if既可以引导宾语从句,也可以引导状语从句。在宾语从句中,时态根据需要确定;在状语从句中,遵循主将从现的原则。第6页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一Idon’tknow_____hewillcomeornot.Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek.____hewillcomeisnotdecided.与ornot连用只能用whether介词后只能用whether与todo不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用whether注意:只能用whether不能用if的情况第7页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一注意:只能用whether不能用if的情况1.当ornot紧随连词之后时。如:Idon'tknowwhetherornothewillcomeontime.我不知道他能否按时来。2.从句用作介词宾语时。如:Iaminterestedinwhetherhejoinedthearmy.我对他是否入伍很感兴趣。3.在带to的动词不定式前。如:Shedoesn'tknowwhethertogotothecinemaortowatchTVathome.她不知道是去看电影还是在家看电视。4.当宾语从句移至句首表强调时。如:Whetherthisistrueornot,I'mnotsure.这是否真实,我不敢肯定。第8页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一Practicetime选择if/whether。1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.3.Iwonder___________he

iswell.4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.5.Idon’tknow_______togo.

if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether第9页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一注意:只能用if不能用whether的情况

1.引导条件状语从句Ifherunsfast,he’llgetthereontime.I’llgotoseeyouifIhavetime.2.引导否定的宾语从句Tellmeifitisnotgoingtorain,please.时态条件状语从句:主将从现宾语从句:根据需要用相应时态第10页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一

(二)、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序:连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分第11页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?

Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.2.Whatdidhewanttobuy?Idon’tknowwhathewantedtobuy.主句+连接词+从句(主+谓+其他成分)即:助动词不能放在主语前面。第12页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一改一改

将下列问句变成陈述句。

1.Canheswim?→

swim.

2.Doeshehaveapen?→

apen.

3.Whichplacedidhegoto?→Whichplace

.

4.What'swrongwithyou?→

.

5.Whathappenedtoyou?→

.

6.Whichisthewaytothestation?→

.

想一想为什么4,5,6语序不变?

HecanHehashewenttoWhathappenedtoyouWhat'swrongwithyou说一说将上面的句子置于一个主句后,变成一个宾语从句。Whichisthewaytothestation第13页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一

What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?

Whoisoverthere?注:当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时,语序不变:eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Canyoutellmewhoheis?做主语做宾语第14页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一(三).宾语从句中时态的变化Ihear(that)Jim

(be)

aworkertwoyearsago.Jim

(be)anEnglishteachernow.

Jim(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jim(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.Jim

(learn)1000Chinesewordsbytheendoflastsemester.

填一填wasiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplayinghadlearned1.当主句是一般现在时,宾语从句的时态不作限制,我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。(需要性原则)第15页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一2.当主句是一般过去时的时候,宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态,从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。(呼应性原则)1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heissick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinishedhiswork.1)HetoHongKong.2)Hesick.3)He

abook.4)HeHesaid辨一辨wouldgo

waswasreading

hiswork.hadfinished第16页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)主句时态从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时第17页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一1.Theradiosaysit_______cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)3.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.4.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)5.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)

willbe

goes

havereturned

hadbeen

risesPracticetime第18页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一3.如果宾语从句表示客观真理、普遍原理、自然现象、公式定理、名言警句、谚语、格言等,不论主句用何种时态,从句一律用一般现在时。(特殊性原则)Hetoldme(that)SummerisafterSpring.Iwastold(that)thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.

Myparentstoldme(that)nonewsisgoodnews.比一比第19页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一宾语从句的简化

1.当主句谓语动词是hope,agree,choose,wish,decide等,其后用that引导的宾语从句,若主从句主语相同时,从句可简化为不定式结构。如:HeagreedthathecouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.→HeagreedtohelpmewithmyEnglish.2.当主句谓语动词为see,hear,watch,find等词时,其后that宾语从句常简化为“宾语+宾语补定语”结构,宾补多为不带to的不定式或动词的现在分词。如:Iheardthatshesangsomesongsinthenextroom.→Iheardhersingsomesongsinthenextroom.3.由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句,若从句的主语与主句的主语或间接宾语相一致时,可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。如:

Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddo.→Idon'tknowwhattodo.第20页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一比一比Idon’tknowwhereIshouldgo.TellmehowIcandoit.Idon’tknowwheretogo.Tellmehowtodoit.你有什么发现?

结论:由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句←→疑问词+todo的简单句。

条件:(1).主主从主

(2).主(间)宾从主练一练

1.Idon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.(变为简单句)

→Idon’tknow

next.

2.Johndidn’tdecidewhichbookhewouldbuy.(变为简单句)→Johndidn’tdecide

.

3.Canyoutellmehowtogettothebusstop?(变为复合句)→Canyoutellme

thebusstop?

4.PleasetellLucyhowtousetheMP5.(变为复合句)→Canyoutell

Lucy

theMP5.

宾语从句与简单句的转换①②WhattodowhichbooktobuyhowIcangettohowshecanuse第21页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一宾语从句的否定转移当主句谓语动词为think,suppose,guess,believe,imagine等词时,并且主语为第一人称时,从句的否定词应转移到主句谓语动词上来。其反意疑问句看从句。如:Hewon’tcometomorrow.Ibelieve.

Idon'tbelievethathewillcometomorrow.Idon'tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell,doesit?

我认为这件衣服不适合你穿,是吗?Idon'tthinkyouareright,areyou?我认为你是错的,是吗?Idon'tbelieveyouwillfinishtheworktoday,willyou?我认为你今天无法完成工作,是吗?第22页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一Findoutthemistakesandcorrectthem.1

Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?

2SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3

Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.

4

Doyouknowwhocaritis?

wasiswhose六.课堂检测第23页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一Couldyoutellme

?A.wherethetwinswere

B.wherethetwinsare

CwherearethetwinsD.wherewerethetwinsA:Doyouknow

?

B:Yes,hecameherebytrain.

A.whenhecamehere

B.ifhewillcomehere

C.whyhecamehere

D.howhecamehere3.Shesaysshe

Englishfortenyears.

A.learned

B.haslearned

C.waslearning

D.havelearned4.Theteachertoldusthattheearth

round.

A.was

B.is

C.willbe

D.wouldbe5.Tellme

.A.whatwrongiswithhim

B.what'swrongtohimC.whatthematteriswithhim

D.what'sthematterwithhim6.Myfriendaskedme

.

A.whoisthegirl

B.whothegirlwas

C.whowasthegirl

D.whothegirlⅡ.Choosetherightanswers.BDBBDB第24页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一宾语从句三要素引导词that(陈述句

)if/whether(一般疑问句

)特殊疑问词(特殊疑问句)时态主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时从句一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理自然现象公式定理名言警句时态不变七.本课小结第25页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一()1.

Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.ifB.thatC.weatherD.whether()2.

Wedon'tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which()3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontimetomorrow.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime()4.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABCPractice第26页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一()5.Couldyoushowme________?

A.howcanIgettothestation

B.whereisthestation

C.howIcouldgettothestation

D.howIcanreachthestation()6.Pleasetellme_______.

A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslike

C.whathelikesD.whathelike()7.Mysistertoldhim________.

A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrived

C.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD第27页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一()8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.

A.whoisheB.whoheis

C.whoisitD.whoitis()9.Couldyoutellmehowlong__________?

A.youhaveboughtthewatch

B.youhavekeptthissciencebook

C.haveyoubeenawayfromChina

D.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina()10.Hesaysthatifit_______tomorrow,he_______fishing.

A.willrain,won'tgoB.rained,wasn'tgo

C.rains,won'tgoD.rain,willgoBCD第28页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.

Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.

Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.第29页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”

Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.第30页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一宾语从句专项练习第31页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。

1.TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.Hesaid_______theseflowers_______fromGuangdong.

2.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldme____light____fasterthansound.

3.Willtherebeameetinginfivedays?Jackdidn’tknow.Jackdidn’tknow_____there_________ameetinginfivedays.

thatwerethattravelsifwouldbe第32页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一4.CantheyspeakFrench?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow______

___________

_______French.

5.Arethechildrenplayinggames?Tellme.Tellme______thechildren____________games.6.Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang.Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang

____

_________

____

___homeworkyet.7.Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Whoknows?Whoknows____

_____

_____

____

____

____inthepicture?

howmanypeopleyoucanseeIf/whethertheycanspeakIf/whetherareplayingif/whether

he

hadfinishedhis第33页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一8.Wheredidsheparkhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknow______________hercar?9.Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?Thegirlwondered.Thegirlwondered__________often________about.10.Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?Idon’tknow.

Idon’tknow___________atthedoorsoloudly.11.Doeshestillliveinthatstreet?Idon'tknow.Idon'tknow______hestill_______inthatstreet.

if/whetherlivedwheresheparkedwhathetalkedwho

knocked第34页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一12.What'shisname?Iaskedhim.Iaskedhimwhat_______________.13.Whendoesthetrainarrive?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme___________________________.14.Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.Heaskedtheboys_______they______friedchicken.15.WasthewatchmadeinShanghai?Idon'tknow.Idon'tknow_______thewatch_______madeinShanghai.

if/whetherwaswhathisname’swhenthetrainarrivesif/whetherwanted第35页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一二、选择填空。1.WhatdidMikesay?Hesaid____________________.A.ifyouarefreethenextweekB.whatcolourwasitC.theweatherisfineD.summercomesafterspring2.Tomaskedmyfriend________________.A.wherewashefromB.thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoonC.whendidhecomebackD.nottobesoangry3.Letmetellyou__________________.A.howmuchisthecarB.howmuchdoesthecarcostC.howmuchdidIpayforthecarD.howmuchIspentonthecar第36页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一4.Peterknew_______.A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebookB.whytheboyhadsomanyquestionsC.therewere12monthsinayearD.whentheywillleaveforParis5.Couldyoutellme___________?A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingforC.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein6.Ican'tunderstand____theboyalone.A.whysheleftB.whydidsheleaveC.whyshehadleftD.whyhadsheleft7.Shetoldmethesun______intheeast.A.rise

B.rose

C.rises

D.hadrisen第37页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一8.Idon'tknow________upsoearlylastSunday.A.whydidhegetB.whyhegetsC.whydoeshegetD.whyhegot9.Themanagercameuptosee_________A.whatwasthematter

B.whatthematterwasC.whatthematterisD.what'sthematter10.Heaskedhisfather___.A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappenC.howithappenedD.howdidithappen11.Noonetellsus______,soweneedyourhelp.A.howweshoulddoB.whatshouldwedoC.howtodoitD.whattodoit第38页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一12.Couldyoupleaseteachme_____thecomputer.A.howcheckB.tocheckC.howtocheckD.tohowchecking13.Theydon'tknow_______theirparentsare.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which14.─Wheredoyouthink____he____theTVset?─Sorry,I'venoidea.A./,boughtB.has,boughtC.did,buyD.didbought15.Ourhomeworkhaschangedalot.Whocantell_____itwouldbelikein_____fiveyears.A.how,anotherB.what,moreC.how,otherD.what,another第39页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一16.─Couldyoutellme___?─Yes.He__totheUSA.A.whereishe/hasbeenB.whereheis/hasgoneC.wherewashe/hasbeenD.wherehewas/hasgone17.─Mikewantstoknowif____apicnictomorrow.─Yes.Butifit____,we'llvisitthemuseuminstead.A.youhave/willrainB.youwillhave/willrainC.youwillhave/rainsD.willyouhave/rains18.Ireallydon'tknowifshe___itwhenshe_____.A.finds/arrivesB.finds/willarriveC.willfind/willarriveD.willfind/arrives第40页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一19.MissLiusaid______shewouldleavethemessageontheheadmaster’sdesk.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what20.Heaskedme_____.A.whowillkickthefirstgoalintheWorldCupB.whenwastheAPECmeetingheldC.whenChinabecameamemberoftheWTOD.wherethe2008Olympicswillbeheld21.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper____WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if第41页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一22.Youmustremember_______.A.whatyourteachersaidB.whatdidyourteachersayC.yourteachersaidwhatD.whathasyourteachersaid23.Idon’tknow______.A.whichroomIcanliveB.whichroomcanIliveC.whichroomIcanliveinD.whichroomcanIlivein24.-Doyouknowwhenhe____back?-Sorry,Idon’t.Whenhe____back,I’lltellyou.A.comes;comesB.comes;willcomeC.willcome;comesD.willcome;willcome第42页,共48页,2023年,2月20日,星期一25Thegirlsaskedifthey__somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake26Marysaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen27Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___aPEclasstoday.A.hadB.hasC.willhaveD.are28.Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that29.

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