2022-2023年福建省莆田市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)

2022-2023年福建省莆田市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Flyingbridgemeansagoodcommunicationstyle.thatmadethescientificarticleseasytoberead.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.

Newtonbelievedthatthepathofaplanetgoingaroundthesunwas______calledanellipse

3.

ThereisaU.N.conventionthatcancover______.

A.problembetweenneighbors

B.problembetweenstateswhichdonotshareaborder

C.problemsonairpollution

D.trans-boundaryairpollution

4.

CuttingbudgetforscienceresearchanddevelopmentfurthersmothersincentivesforAmericanstudentsto______.

5.

Ifthepressureonthefaultishigherthantheforceoffrictionbetweendifferentblocksorrock,theblocksofrockwill______.

6.

Onewayofstoppingthe"littlemen"fromcomingtothehousewasto______.

7.

In1954,whileflyinganaeroplane,CaptainHowardsawaUFOwhichhedescribedasratherlike______whenitflewaway.

8.

Calcium-richfood______itssupplementsbecauseitalsoprovidesothernutrientslikevitaminDandotherminerals.

9.

Trustisamatterof______ratherthanoftechnique.

10.Whatdoresearchersthinkisthedriveformanyeverydaypreferences?

A.Thehastejudgment.

B.Themechanismofself-feedback.

C.Theinteractionwithothers.

D.Theexpectationforthefuture.

11.RichDad,PoorDadM

Ihadtwofathers,arichoneandapoorone.Onewashighlyeducatedandintelligent;hehadaPh.D.andcompletedfouryearsofundergraduateworkinlessthantwoyears.HethenwentontoStanfordUniversity,theUniversityofChicago,andNorthwesternUniversitytodohisadvancedstudies,allonfullfinancialscholarships.Theotherfatherneverfinishedtheeighthgrade.

Bothmenweresuccessfulintheircareers,workinghardalltheirlives.Bothearnedsubstantialincomes.Yetonestruggledfinanciallyallhislife.TheotherwouldbecomeoneoftherichestmeninHawaii.Onediedleavingtensofmillionsofdollarstohisfamily,charitiesandhischurch.Theotherleftbillstobepaid.

Theyhadverydifferentpointsofviewaboutthesubjectofmoney.Forexample,onedadwouldsay,"Theloveofmoneyistherootofallevil."Theother,"Thelackofmoneyistherootofallevil."Thecontrastintheirpointsofview,particularlywheremoneywasconcerned,wassoextremethatIgrewcuriousandintrigued.Ibegantostartthinkingforlongperiodsoftimeaboutwhateachwassaying.

Oneofthereasonstherichgetricher,thepoorgetpoorer,andthemiddleclassstrugglesindebtisbecausethesubjectofmoneyistaughtathome,notinschool.Mostofuslearnaboutmoneyfromourparents.Sowhatcanpoorparentstelltheirchildaboutmoney?Theysimplysay"Stayinschoolandstudyhard."Thechildmaygraduatewithexcellentgradesbutwithapoorperson'sfinancialprogrammingandmind-set.Itwaslearnedwhilethechildwasyoung.

Moneyisnottaughtinschools.Schoolsfocusonscholasticandprofessionalskills,butnotonfinancialskills.Thisexplainshowsmartbankers,doctorsandaccountantswhoearnedexcellentgradesinschoolmaystillstrugglefinanciallyalloftheirlives.

Althoughbothdadsworkedhard,Inoticedthatonedadhadahabitofputtinghisbraintosleepwhenitcametomoneymatters,andtheotherhadahabitofexercisinghisbrain.Thelong-termresultwasthatonedadgrewstrongerfinanciallyandtheothergrewweaker.Itisnotmuchdifferent

fromapersonwhogoestothegymtoexerciseonaregularbasisversussomeonewhositsonthecouchwatchingtelevision.Properphysicalexerciseincreasesyourchancesforhealth,andpropermentalexerciseincreasesyourchancesforwealth.Lazinessdecreasesbothhealthandwealth.

Mytwodadshadopposingattitudesinthought.Onedadthoughtthattherichshouldpaymoreintaxestotakecareofthoselessfortunate.Theothersaid,"Taxespunishthosewhoproduceandrewardthosewhodon'tproduce."

Onedadrecommended,"Studyhardsoyoucanfindagoodcompanytoworkfor."Theotherrecommended,"Studyhardsoyoucanfindagoodcompanytobuy."

Onedadsaid,"ThereasonI'mnotrichisbecauseIhaveyoukids."Theothersaid,"ThereasonImustberichisbecauseIhaveyoukids."

Oneencouragedtalkingaboutmoneyandbusinessatthedinnertable.Theotherforbadethesubjectofmoneytobediscussedoverameal.

Onesaid,"Whenitcomestomoney,playitsafe,don'ttakerisks."Theothersaid,"Learntomanagerisk."

Onebelieved,"Ourhomeisourlargestinvestmentandourgreatestasset."Theotherbelieved,"Myhouseisaliability,andifyourhouseisyourlargestinvestment,you'reintrouble."

Bothdadspaidtheirbillsontime,yetonepaidhisbillsfirstwhiletheotherpaidhisbillslast.

Onedadbelievedinacompanyorthegovernmenttakingcareofyouandyourneeds.Hewasalwaysconcernedaboutpayraises,retirementplans,medicalbenefits,sickleave,vacationdaysandotherperks.Theideaofjobprotectionforlifeandjobbenefitsseemedmoreimportant,attimes,th

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

Theauthorfindsthatifheworksmorethan45hoursaweekattheoffice,hisproductivity______.

13.

WhooncehadtolearntheAuto-TunetechniquefromT-Pain?

A.DixieChicks.B.Metallica.C.Diddy.D.Prince.

14.

Whatcanalifeinsurancedotoachild?

A.Itcanprovideprotectionfortheirhealth.

B.Itoffersmoneyonthefuneralwithoutdelay.

C.Itsupportsthedallylifeofotherfamilymembers.

D.Itcompensatesfortheparents'careforthechild.

15.It'snecessaryforyoutobuildsincererelationshipswithpeopleinyourprofessionaswellasthose______.

16.

Teachersalsomakethesamemistakesasstudents.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

Athleticshoecompaniesusedthetechnologyofmoonbootsto______.

A.reducetheimpactonfeetandlegs

B.makeathleticshoesmuchlighter

C.improvethedurabilityofshoes

D.preventthegrowthofbacteria

18.

Traditionalradicalprostatectomy(前列腺切除术),whichwouldrequirean______andatleasttwodaysinthehospital.

19.

WhathashappenedtotheBBCwiththechangesintechnologyandmediahabits?

A.TheBBCisnolongerthedominantsourceofin-depthnews.

B.TheBBCislosingitsaudience.

C.TheBBCprogrammingisrapidlydeterioratinginitsquality.

D.TheBBCisreplacedbythemulti-channelservices.

20.APerfectMarket

Whenthetechnologybubbleburstin2000,thecrazyvaluationsforonlinecompaniesvanishedwithit,andmanybusinessesfolded.Thesurvivorspluggedonasbesttheycould,encouragedbythegrowingnumberofInternetusers.Nowvaluationsarerisingagainandsomeofthedot-comsaremakingrealprofits,butthebusinessworldhasbecomemuchmorecautiousabouttheInternet'spotential.Thefunnythingisthatthewildpredictionsmadeattheheightoftheboom—namely,thatvastchunksoftheworldeconomywouldmoveintocyberspace—are,inonewayoranother,comingtrue.

Therawnumberstellonlypartofthestory.AccordingtoAmerica'sDepartmentofCommerce,onlineretailsalesintheworld'sbiggestmarketlastyearroseby26%,to＄55billion.Thatsoundsalotofmoney,butitamountstoonly1.6%oftotalretailsales.Thevastmajorityofpeoplestillbuymostthingsinthetraditionalmarkets.

Tipoftheiceberg

Butthecommercedepartment'sfiguresdealwithonlypartoftheretailindustry.Forinstance,theyexcludeonlinetravelservices,oneofthemostsuccessfulandfastest-growingsectorsofe-commerce.Nordothefigurestakeinthingslikefinancialservices,ticket-salesagencies.Andthereismore.Thecommercedepartment'sfiguresincludethefeesearnedbyInternetauctionsites,butnotthevalueofgoodsthataresold:anastonishing＄24billion-worthoftradewasdonelastyearoneBay,thebiggestonlineauctioneer.Nor,bydefinition,dotheyincludethebillionsofdollars-worthofgoodsboughtandsoldbybusinessesconnectingtoeachotherovertheInternet.SomeoftheseB2B(Business-to-Business)servicesareproprietary(专利的，专营的);forexample,Wal-Marttellsitssuppliersthattheymustuseitsownsystemiftheywanttobepartofitsannualturnover(营业额)of$＄250billion.

Soe-commerceisalreadyverybig,anditisgoingtogetmuchbigger.ButtheactualvalueoftransactionscurrentlyconcludedonlineisdwarfedbytheextraordinaryinfluencetheInternetisexertingoverpurchasescarriedoutintheofflineworld.Thatinfluenceisbecominganintegralpartofe-commerce.

Tostartwith,theInternetisprofoundlychangingconsumerbehavior.OneinfivecustomerswalkingintoaSearsdepartmentstoreinAmericatobuyanelectricalappliancewillhaveresearchedtheirpurchaseonline—andmostwillknowdowntoadimewhattheyintendtopay.Moresurprisingly,threeoutoffourAmericansstartshoppingfornewcarsonline,eventhoughmostendupbuyingthemfromtraditionaldealers.Thedifferenceisthatthesecustomerscometotheshowroomarmedwithinformationaboutthecarandthebestavailabledeals.Sometimestheyevenhavecomputerprint-outsidentifyingtheparticularvehiclefromthedealer'sstockthattheywanttobuy.

PeopleseemtoenjoyshoppingontheInternet,ifhighcustomer-satisfactionscoresareanyguide.Websitesaredoingevenmoreandclevererthingstoserveandentertaintheircustomers,andseemsettotakeamuchbiggershareofpeople'soverallspendinginthefuture.

Whywebsitesmatter

Thishasenormousimplicationsforbusiness.Acompanythatneglectsitswebsitemaybecommittingcommercialsuicide.Awebsiteisincreasinglybecomingthegatewaytoacompany'sbrand,productsandservices—evenifthefirmdoesnotsellonline.Auselesswebsitesuggestsauselesscompany,andarivalisonlyamouse-clickaway.Buteventhecoolestwebsitewillbelostincyberspaceifpeoplecannotfindit,socompanieshavetoensurethattheyappearhighupinInternetsearchresults.

Formanyusers,asearchsiteisnowtheirpointofentrytotheInternet.Thebest-knownsearchenginehasalreadyenteredthelexicon(辞典):Peoplesaytheyhave"Googled"acompany,aproductortheirplumber.Thesearchbusinesshasa

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.(44)

22.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：W:Haven'tyouheardthatProf.Smithwillactasthenewdeanofourapartment?

M:Prof.Smith?HeisthelastpersonintheworldI'deverwanttosee.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(12)

A.Hehopestomeettheprofessorsoon.

B.Hedoesn'tliketheprofessoratall.

C.HeishappythatProf.Smithwillbethedean.

D.HewantsProf.Smithtobethenewdean.

23.(31)

A.Bycarefulrepetition.

B.Bygivingalinkbetweentwoparts.

C.Byaskingtheaudiencequestions.

D.Byusefulinformation.

24.(35)

A.Thousandseveryday.

B.Thousandseveryweek.

C.Thousandseverymonth.

D.Thousandseveryyear.

25.(29)

A.Theplanewasaboutanhourlate.

B.Theplanewasabouthalfanhourlate.

C.Theoldmanwouldnotbelateforhislecture.

D.Themanagementoftheairportwasinefficient.

26.(28)

A.England'sproximity'tothesea.

B.Volcanicashintheatmosphere.

C.Floodinginthearea.

D.PollutioncausedbytheInternationalRevolution.

27.

【B7】

28.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：Nomancanchangetheweather.Nobodycancontroltheweather.Butifyoustudycorrectlythesignsarounduswecantellimportantchangesinweather.Thiswayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbeonthefollowingdayortwoiscalledweatherforecasts.

Formanycenturiesandinallcountriespeoplehavestudiedtheweatherandtriedtomakeweatherforecasting.[26]Sometimesdistantobjectssuchashillsandtalltreesseemtobeveryclearandnear.Thisisasignofmuchwatervaporintheair,andthereforerainwillprobablycome.Ringsroundthesunareasignofcomingrain.Manypeoplefeelpainintheirbones.Thisisasignofthecomingofwetweather.Somebirdsflyhighiffineweatheriscoming.[27]Theflynearthegroundifrainorstormyweatherisontheway.Itisprobablybecauseoftheinsectswhichtheyarehuntingthattheyflylow.Ifyouseearainbowduringrainyweather,thisisasignthattheweatherwillbecomeclearandfine.Suchrainbowsalwayscomeintheevening.Ifafogappearsinthemorningjustaboutsunrisethenthedaywillbewarm.[28]Ifthestarstwinkleclearlyatnight,thenfineweatherwillcontinue.Ifthesunsetismostlyredincolor,thenthefollowingdaywillbefine.Iftherainbowappearsinthemorning,rainyweatherwillprobablycome.

Mostoftheabovesayingshavebeenmadebypeoplewhohaveusedtheireyesandbrainstomakeweatherforecasting.

(27)

A.Theweatherwillbefine.

B.Rainwillprobablycome.

C.Therewillbeafog.

D.Fineweatherwillcontinue.

29.(14)

A.Thewomannevertravelsbyplane.

B.Bothspeakersfeelnervouswhenflying.

C.Themanthinkstravelingbyairisquitesafe.

D.Thespeakersfeelsadabouttheseriouslossoflife.

30.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Onecalledherbossa"bitchfromhell"whileanotheradmitted"lyingthroughhisteeth"atinterview.BoththeBritishjob【B1】______were—notsurprisingly—turneddownafter【B2】______employersdiscoveredtheircandid【B3】______onapublicWebsite.TheLondonrecruitmentfirmwhichrevealedthecaseswarnedthatemployerswere【B4】______scouringtheInternettocheckwhatcandidatesarereallylikebehindtherosyimagethey【B5】______toprojectinCVsandinterviews."Onemediasales【B6】______aged24hadajoboffer【B7】______afteraquickcheckonwww.friendsreunited.co.ukrevealedthattheapplicantonlyplannedtostayinLondonforafewmonthsbefore【B8】______onaworldtour,"London'sMediaContactssaid.【B9】______"Anothercandidate,anaccountmanagerforawell-knownPRagency,wasforcedtoresignwhenshedescribedherbossasa'bitchfromhell'andheremployeras'abunchofcowboys',"MediaContactssaid.【B10】______,setuptokeepoldschoolpalsintouch,thatheliedatinterviewandhisCVwas"amasterpieceoffiction.""【B11】______,"MediaContacts'recruitmentconsultantGordonCherringtonsaid."Havingfunisagoodthingthoughnegativityinanyform,rarelyreflectswellonthewriter."

【B1】

31.(24)

A.ToJean,friendshipismoreimportantthanlife.

B.ToJean,friendshipismoreimportantthanlove.

C.ToJean,friendshipismoreimportantthananythingelse.

D.ToJean,friendshipismoreimportantthanfamilymembers.

32.听力原文：ThestateofGeorgiaisinthemidstofamajordrought.Expertspredictthat,unlessitrains"catsanddogs"realsoon,thewholecityofAtlantawillhavenodrinkingwaterinfourmonths.LakeLanier,thesourceofAtlanta'swaterdeliverysystem,isnowatonly20percentofitsusuallevel.Tomakemattersworse,(29)whenGeorgiawaterofficialstriedtoblocktheflowoftheChattahoocheeRiversouthwardtoAlabamaandFlorida,thosestatesthreatenedGeorgiawithlawsuits.TheyclaimedthattheywerejustasdesperateforandentitledtothatriverwaterasGeorgiawas.

(30)TheGeorgiaCivilAirPatrolhasbeentryingtoseedthecloudsoverheadforthelastsixmonths,but,unfortunately,itdidn'twork.StateofficialsaskedthelocalCherokeeIndianstodoaraindance.TheIndianstoldthemtheywoulddoaraindancewhenthestatereturnedallthelandthatitstolefromtheCherokees.Officialshiredthenation'snumberonewaterfinder.Hefoundastillformakingwhiskey.

Finally,thegovernorhimselfheldapressconferenceonthestepsofthestatecapitolbuilding.Heaskedallthemediatobowtheirheads,raisedtheirhandstoheaven,andprayed."Lord,weareaskingforrelief,notforus,butforthesickandtheyounginthisstate.Thankyou,ohmostpowerfulLord."(31)TheGeorgiaAssociationofAtheistsimmediatelysuedthegovernorforconductingprayersessionsonstateproperty.

(30)

A.BecauseGeorgiaplannedtocutoffthehighwaystothem.

B.BecauseGeorgiacausedabigfirewhichaffectedthem.

C.BecauseGeorgiatriedtoblocktheChattahoocheeRiver.

D.BecauseGeorgiahadcutoffthefoodsupplytothem.

33.(22)

A.Hecan'tfindenoughinformationforhisresearchpaper.

B.Hecan'tsleepatnight.

C.Hecan'tfindaquietplacetostudy.

D.Hecan'tnarrowdownhisresearchtopic.

34.听力原文：M：Andhere'sourguest,JaneThomas,totellusaboutMontreal'sfamousyearlyIslandBicycleTour,whichiscomingupinJune.Goodmorning，Jane．What'sthebiketourallabout?

W：Well，Peter,it'saneventthat'sopentoanybodywho'dliketorideabicyclethroughthestreetsofMontreal．Thetourcoversastandarddistanceof65kilometers,buttheroute'squitedifferenteveryyear;soevenpeoplewhohavealreadydoneitmightenjoydoingitagain.

M:Howlongdoesittaketogothewholedistance?

W：Itvaries．Cyclistsarefreetogoasfastorasslowanddoasmuchoraslittleofthecourseastheylike.

M：Well，what'sthetypicalpaceforaparticipant?

W:Between12and30kilometersperhour.Somecyclistsstopalongthewayanddon'tcrossthefinishlineuntilearlyevening.Butthewholepointisthatthere'snorush—it'snotarace.

M:Iunderstandlastyear'stourhad45,000cyclists.Thatwasthelargestmasscyclingeventintheworld.Howmanydoyouexpectthisyear?

W:Thesameasthelastyear.Andsinceweregularlyhavesomanyparticipants,canItakethisopportunitytoremindourlistenerstosignupearly?Wefilledupquicklylastyear,andwehadtorefuselotsofapplications.

M:Beforeweclose,anyothertipsforprospectivecyclists?

W:Yes.Takewaterwithyou.Itisavailableattherelaysupply.,Andpackadpackagoodlunchwithplentyoffruitforenergy.Candyandchocolatedon'tdothetrick。

(23)

A.Howtoincreaseone'sspeedinabicyclerace.

B.MajorCanadianbicycleraces.

C.Thecontributionofcyclingevent.

D.Anannualcyclingevent.

35.(32)

A.Thebicycleiseasilystolen.

B.Theroadsarenarrowandunsuitableforbicycles.

C.Therearemanyupsanddownsinthecitysoridingabikeistiring.

D.Therearetoomanycarssoit'sunsafetorideabike.

36.(36)

A.HowanAmericanuniversitystudentgetsadegree.

B.Students'workforadegreeandtheiractivityinstudentaffairs.

C.Thefunctionsofstudentorganizations.

D.Howtoapplyforapostgraduatestudy.

37.听力原文：M:Okay.MayIseeyourdriver'slicenseplease?

W:What?DidIdoanythingwrong?

M:License,please.Andyourcarregistration.

W:Oh,yeah.It'sheresomewhereintheglovecompartment.Yeah,hereitis.

M:Madame,didyourealizeyouwerespeedinginaschoolzone?

W:What?No,Ididn't,butthat'sprobablybecausemyodometerisbroken,Imean,malfunctioning.

M:Yes,youweregoing50milesperhourina20milesperhourzone.And,youfailedtocometoacompletestopattheintersectionbackthem.

W:Rollingstopsdon'tcount?

M:And,oneofyourbreaklightsisout,you'renotwearingaseatbelt,andyourdriver'slicenseexpiredsixmonthsago.

W:Andyournameis...OfficerSmith?Hey,areyourelatedtotheSmithsintown?Myhusband'scousin'shusband,IthinkhisnameisFred,worksforthepolicedepartmenthere.Oristhatthefiredepartment?Anyway,Ithoughtyoumightbegoodpals,andyouknow...

M:Hey,areyoutryingtoinfluenceanofficer?Icouldhavethiscarimpoundedrightnowbecauseoftheseinfractions.

W:No,ofcoursenot.

M:Okay,then,here'syourticket.Youcaneitherappearincourttopaythefineormailitin.Haveaniceday.

W:Doyoutakecash?

(20)

A.Theemployerandemployee.

B.Theinterviewerandinterviewee.

C.Theteacherandstudent.

D.Thepoliceofficeranddriver.

38.【B3】

39.(21)

A.Togivetravelinformationtopassengers.

B.Toknowhiswayaroundthecityverywell.

C.Tospendalotoftimewaitingatstations.

D.Topredictwherehecanpickupapassenger.

40.

【B11】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

WhatisthefundamentalreasonforGoogle'sintroducingGoogleprofile?

A.Tomakeanaccidentalcoincidence.

B.Tocompetewithothersimilarwebsites.

C.Toappealtomoreusersandgetmoreprofits.

D.TosetupmoreprofilepagesonGoogle.

42.

Accordingtotheauthor,therewasatrendintheU.S.fortheyoungpeople______.

A.tospeakStandardEnglish

B.tospeakEnglishwithoutclassdistinction

C.tospeakEnglishwithclassdistinction

D.tospeakEnglishwithgrammarmistakes

43.

Whatisthelikelyreasonforaimingourragetowardsourownspecies?

44.(51)

45.Trafficstatisticspaintagloomypicture.Tohelpsolvetheirtrafficwoes(悲哀),somerapidlygrowingUScitieshavesimplybuiltmoreroads.Buttrafficexpertssaybuildingmoreroadsisaquick-fixsolutionthatwillnotalleviatethetrafficprobleminthelongrun.Soaringlandcosts,increasingconcernoversocialandenvironmentaldisruptionscausedbyroad-building,andthelikelihoodthatmoreroadscanonlyleadtomorecarsandtrafficarepowerfulfactorsbearingdownona1950s-style.constructionsprogram.

Thegoalofsmart-highwaytechnologyistomaketrafficsystemsworkatoptimumefficiencybytreatingtheroadandthevehiclestravelingonthemasanintegraltransportationsystem.Proponentsofthisadvancedtechnologysayelectronicdetectionsystems,closed-circuittelevisionradiocommunication,ramp(斜坡)metering,variablemessagesigning,andothersmart-highwaytechnologycannowbeusedatareasonablecosttoimprovecommunicationbetweendriversandthepeoplewhomonitortraffic.

Pathfinder,aSantaMonica,California-basedsmart-highwayprojectinwhicha14-milestretchoftheSantaMonicaFreeway,makingupwhatiscalleda"smartcorridor",isbeinginstrumentedwithburiedloopsinthepavement.Closed-circuittelevisioncamerassurveytheflowoftraffic,whilecommunicationslinkedtoproperlyequippedautomobilesadvisemotoristsoftheleastcongestedroutesordetours(便道).

Notalltrafficexperts,however,looktosmart-highwaytechnologyastheultimatesolutiontotrafficjam.Somesaythehigh-techapproachislimitedandcanonlyoffertemporarysolutionstoaseriousproblem.

"Electronicsonthehighwayaddressesjustoneaspectoftheproblem:howtoregulatetrafficmoreefficiently,"explainsMichaelRenner,seniorresearcherattheWorldwatchInstitute."Itdoesn'tdealwiththecentralproblemoftoomanycarsforroadsthatcan'tbebuiltfastenough.Itsendspeoplethewrongmessage."Theystartthinking.Yes,thereusedtobeatrafficcongestionproblem,butthat'sbeensolvednowbecausewehaveanadvancedhigh-techsysteminplace."Larsonagreesandadds,"Smarthighwaysisjustoneofthetoolsthatwewillusetodealwithourtrafficproblems.It'snotthesolutionitself,justpartofthepackage.Therearedifferentstrategies."

Othertrafficproblem-solvingoptionsbeingstudiedandexperimentedwithincludecarpooling,rapidmasstransitsystems,staggeredorflexibleworkhours,androadpricing,asystemwherebymotoristspayacertainamountforthetimetheyuseahighway.

Itseemsthatweneedanew,majorthrusttodealwiththetrafficproblemsofthenext20years.Therehastobeabigchange.

Whatistheappropriatetitleforthepassage?

A.SmartHighwayProjects—TheUltimateSolutiontoTrafficCongestion.

B.AQuickFixSolutionfortheTrafficProblems.

C.AVenturetoRemedyTrafficWoes.

D.HighwaysGetSmart-PartofthePackagetoRelieveTrafficGridlock.

46.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowareluctantconsensusthat,whoeveristoblameandwhateverhappensfromnowon,highunemploymentisprobablyheretostay.Thismeansweshallhavetofindwaysofsharingtheavailableemploymentmorewidely.

Butweneedtogofurther.Wemustasksomefundamentalquestionsaboutthefutureofwork.Shouldwecontinuetotreatemploymentasthenorm?Shouldwenotratherencouragemanyotherwaysforself-respectingpeopletowork?Shouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscanworkforourselves,ratherthanforanemployer?Shouldwenotaimtorevivethehouseholdandneighborhood,aswellasthefactoryandtheoffice,ascentresofproductionandwork?

Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeople'sworkhastakentheform.ofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed,thisseemsadauntingthought.But,infact,itcouldoffertheprospectofabetterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.

Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,andthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedworkfrompeople'shomes.Later,astransportimproved,firstbyrailthenbyroad,peoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemploymentuntil,eventually,manypeople'sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhomelivesandtheplacesinwhichtheylived.

Meanwhile,employmentputwomenatadisadvantageasmenandwomenhadsharedthe