2020-2021年英语│英语八年级英语下册阅读理解有难度经典

2020-2021年英语|英语八年级英语下册阅读理解（有难度）经典一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）1.阅读理解Embroidery（刺绣）hasalonghistoryandcandatebacktotheWarringStatesPeriodinChina.EmbroideryisverypopularinmanycountriessuchasChina,IndiaandJapan.Embroideryisthehandicraftofdecoratingfabricorothermaterialswithneedlesandthreadoryarn.EmbroiderymayalsouseothermaterialssuchasmetalStrips,pearls,beads,quillsandsequins.Embroideryismostoftenusedoncaps,hats,coats,blankets,dressshirts,denim,stockingsandgolfshirts.Embroideryisavailablewithawidevarietyofthreadoryarncolours.Embroideryhasmanyuniquecharacteristics（特点）.Oneoftheinterestingcharacteristicsofembroideryisthebasictechniquesorstitches（针法）,suchasthechainstitch,thebuttonholeortheblanketstitch,therunningstitch,thesatinstitchandthecrossstitch.Theyarestillthefundamentaltechniquesofhandembroiderytoday.Embroiderycanbeclassifiedaccordingtowhetherthedesignisstitchedontopoforthroughthefoundationfabric;andbytherelationshipofstitchplacementtothefabric.Differentembroiderieshavetheirownadvantagesanddisadvantages.In'modernsociety,wecanproducemanydifferentembroideries.Machineembroideryisoneofthem:ItappearsintheearlystagesoftheIndustrialRevolution.（1）Fromthepassage,wecanknowembroiderycandatebacktoA.theWarringStatesPeriod B.theSpringandAutumnPeriodC.themoderntimes D.theMingDynasty（2）Whichofthefollowingmaterialscannotbeusedinembroideryaccordingtothepassage?A.Metalstrips. B.Pearls. C.Quills. D.Wood.（3）Fromthepassage,howmanythingscanembroiderybeusedon?A.Seven. B.Six. C.Five. D.Eight.（4）Whichofthefollowingcharacteristicsbelongstoembroidery?A.Theflyingstitch.B.Thesatinstitch.C.Theflatstitch.D.Thebuttonstitch.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文介绍了刺绣的起源，构造以及特点和用途。（1）细节题。根据第一段提到的EmbroideryhasalonghistoryandcandatebacktotheWarringStatesPeriodinChina.可知刺绣来自theWarringStatesPeriod,故选A。（2）细节题。根据第一段提至“的EmbroiderymayalsouseothermaterialssuchasmetalStrips,pearls,beads,quillsandsequins.可知材料不包括wood,木料，故选D。（3）细节题。根据第一段提至“的Embroideryismostoftenusedoncaps,hats,coats,blankets,dressshirts,denim,stockingsandgolfshirts.可知一共有8个，故选D。（4）细节题。根据第二段提至“的Oneoftheinterestingcharacteristicsofembroideryisthebasictechniquesorstitches（针法）,suchasthechainstitch,thebuttonholeortheblanketstitch,therunningstitch,thesatinstitchandthecrossstitch.可矢口thesatinstitch是它的特点，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。.阅读理解Whenyoucommunicatewithothers,youexpressyourthoughtsandfeelingsnotonlythroughthewordsyouchoose,butalsothroughyourbodylanguage.Tolearnanotherlanguageismorethanjustlearningwordsandgrammar.Itinvolves(包括)learningaboutanotherculturetoo.Bodylanguageisdifferentfromculturetoculture,sothereissomethingthatlanguagelearnersshouldknowabout.Sometimes,culturaldifferencesinbodylanguagecancausediscomfortormisunderstanding.Forexample,thereareculturaldifferencesinhowmuchdistanceshouldbekeptbetweentwopeoplewhoaretalkingwitheachother.Ifyouwouldlikepeopletokeepadistance,youmayfeelveryuncomfortablewhensomeonekeepstryingtostandclosetoyouataparty.—InsomeAsiancountries,asmilecanshowembarrassment(尴尬)orapology.However,smilingbackatateacherwhoisunhappywithyou,orsomeonewhosefootyouaccidentallysteppeduponisprobablynotagoodideainmostEnglish-speakingcountries.Inmostcountries,noddingyourheadmeans"yes"andshakingyourheadmeans"no".However,noddingandshakingyourheadhavetheoppositemeaningsinAlbania.Evenspeakersofthesamelanguage,suchasBritish,AmericanorAustralianpeople,maynotusethesamebodylanguage.Solearninghowtounderstandandusebodylanguageisimportanttoyoutoimproveyourcommunicativeabilities.Tolearnanotherlanguage,weneedtolearnits.A.words B.grammar C.culture D.A,B&CWhichofthefollowingsentencescanbeputintheblankofthefourthparagraph?Theworldshineswhenasmileisonyourface.Anotherexampleofmisunderstandingistheuseofthesmile.Justsmile,youwillfindtheworldissopeacefulandbeautiful.Neverforgettosmilebecauseitissometimesbetterthananapology.InAlbania,shakingyourheadmeans.A.yes B.no C.thankyou D.excusemeWhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Bodylanguageisthesameineverycountry.IneveryAsiancountry,asmilecanshowapology.Speakersofthesamelanguageusethesamebodylanguage.Youshouldkeepacomfortabledistancewhentalkingwithsomeone.【答案】(1)D(2)B(3)A(4)D【解析】【分析】主要讲了怎样理解和使用肢体语言的重要性。细节题。根据Tolearnanotherlanguageismorethanjustlearningwordsandgrammar.Itinvolves(包括)learningaboutanotherculturetoo.可知我们需要学习单词、语法和文化，故选D。(2)细节题。根据第三段Sometimes,culturaldifferencesinbodylanguagecancausediscomfortormisunderstanding.可知肢体语言文化差异可能导致误解，所以第四段讲的是微笑带来的误解，故选B。(3)细节题。根据However,noddingandshakingyourheadhavetheoppositemeaningsinAlbania.可知在Albania点头是no，摇头是yes，故选A。(4)细节题。根据thereareculturaldifferencesinhowmuchdistanceshouldbekeptbetweentwopeoplewhoaretalkingwitheachother.可知两个人交谈时应该保持合适的距离，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。.阅读理解Oneday,Susiewasunhappywhenshecamehomefromschool."What'sthematter,mydear?"askedhermother,drawinghertohersideandsmiling."Allourclassmusthandincompositionstomorrow.Wemustwrite12linesatleast.ButIcanneverwriteone.I'llhavetogotoschoolwithoutacomposition,forIwon'tcopyonefromabook,oraskyouorpapatowriteoneforme.""That'sright,"saidhermother."You'llbehappierwithapoorcomposition,ifit'syourown,thanwithafineonewrittenbysomebodyelse.Butcheerup.Runintothegardenandplay.I'llcallyouinhalfanhour.Don'tthinkaboutyourcompositionnow.Justhaveagoodtime."ItseemedjustafewminutestoSusiebeforesheheardhermothercallingher.Shewentintothehouseimmediately—herhandsfullofsweetflowers,andherfaceredwithexercise.Thenhermotheraskedhertositbythewindowwithanicepieceofpaperandapencil,andwritesomethingaboutwhatshecouldsee."Nevermindyourcomposition;dothistopleaseme,andwe'lltalkaboutthatlater."AlthoughSusiethoughthermother'srequestwasstrange,sheknewshealwayshadagoodreasonforeverythingshedid.Soshedidashermotherrequested.Asshelookedout,shefirstsawthewesternskyandsomebright,sunsetclouds."Oh,mother,whatasunset!""Don'ttalk.Justwrite."Thepencilbeganmovingrapidlyacrossthepaper.Shewroteaboutthesunsetclouds,thelookofthedistanthills,thestreets,theriver,thegardenwithitsflowers,andthebirdsflyingpastthewindow.Sheforgotallabouttheterriblecomposition!Justasshehadreachedthebottomofthepage,hermothercameinandsaidwithasmile,"Well,Susie,howdoesthatcompositioncomeon?""Composition!Youtoldmenottothinkaboutit,andI'veneverthoughtofitonce.I'vehadsuchanicetimewritingaboutwhatIcouldseefromthewindow."Mrs.SmithtookthepaperandreadwhatSusiehadwritten.Shesaid,"There,Susie,that'saverynicecomposition,really.""Acomposition!Isthatacomposition?"Susieaskedinsurprise."Yes,mydear,andaverygoodone,too,ifwefindatitleforit,"repliedhermother.Thensheadded,"I'msureitwillpleaseyourteacher,asitdoesme.Yousee,it'seasyenoughtowriteacompositionifyouhaveanythinginterestingtowriteabout."Susiewasunhappywhenshecamehomebecause.shewaspunishedbyherteachershecouldn'twriteacompositionsheforgottotakehercompositionhomeshedidn'tgetonwellwithherclassmatesFromthestorywecanknowSusie'smother.hadneverunderstoodherdaughterhadnevertalkedwithSusie'steacherknewhowtowriteagoodcompositionwrotethecompositionforherdaughterThetitleofSusie'scompositionmightbe.MyHelpfulCleverMotherTheBeautifulSightsatSunsetHowtoPleaseYourTeacherHowtoHaveaPleasantTimeWhatmighthappenthenextmorning?Susie'sclassmateswouldlaughather.Susie'steacherwouldbeangrywithher.Susie'smotherwouldaskhertostayathome.Susiewouldhandinhercompositionhappily.【答案】(1)B(2)C(3)B(4)D【解析】【分析】这篇短文讲的是Susie因写不出老师布置的作文而不高兴，但她在妈妈的指引下写出了很好的作文。从而说明教育方法对孩子成长的重要性。(1)细节理解题。根据Allourclassmusthandincompositionstomorrow.Wemustwrite12linesatleast.ButIcanneverwriteone.可知Susie之所以不高兴是因为她觉得写不出老师布置的作文，故选B。(2)推理判断题。根据文中描述可知Susie在妈妈的指导下写出了作文和Yousee,it'seasyenoughtowriteacompositionifyouhaveanythinginterestingtowriteabout."说明她的妈妈矢口道怎样写作文，故选C。(3)推理判断题。根据Susie所写的作文内容Thepencilbeganmovingrapidlyacrossthepaper.Shewroteaboutthesunsetclouds,thelookofthedistanthills,thestreets,theriver,thegardenwithitsflowers,andthebirdsflyingpastthewindow.Sheforgotallabouttheterriblecomposition!可知作文的题目应该落日下的美景，故选B。(4)推理判断题。根据Thensheadded,"I'msureitwillpleaseyourteacher,asitdoesme.可知Susie第二天会很高兴的把作文交上，故选D。【点评】此题考查阅读理解。先阅读短文，理解短文大意。然后分析问题，弄清题意，根据文章的细节理解，找到细节理解问题的答案。对于推理判断题，要根据文章的细节，进行推理判断，找出问题正确答案。4.阅读理解MostAmericanchildreneatpotatoes.Butmanychildrendon'tknowwhatofthepotatoisthebestfood.Takeaknifeandcutfromthemiddleofthepotatoapieceasthinaspaper.Iholdthepiecebetweenyoureyesandlight.Youwillseethatthepotatohasskin(皮),anoutsiderim(边缘)andaninsidepart.Theoutsiderimwhichisrightundertheskinofthepotato,isthemostvaluablepartofall.Butthisisoftenthrownawaywiththeskin.Eventheskinitselfisbetterforfoodthantheinside.Wheneatingacookedpotato,ifyouchoosetheinsideandleavetheoutside,youarethrowingthebestpartofit.Ifyoucan'tcatthewholepotato,eattheoutsiderimfirstandleavetheinsidepart.Howmanypartsdoesthepotatohave?Ithasonlyonepart,outsiderim.Ithastwoparts,skinandoutsiderim.Ithasthreeparts,skin,outsiderimandinsidepart.Ithasfourparts,middle,skin,outsiderimandinsidepart.Whatisthebestpartofapotato?A.Outsiderim. B.Insidepart. C.Middle. D.Skin.Infacttheskinis_.nogoodatallbetterthantheinsidepartbetterthantheoutsiderimasgoodastheoutsiderim(4)Whatdoesthispassagetellaboutpotatoes?HowtocookthemHowtoplantthemWhatismadeupofapotatoHowtoeatthem【答案】(1)C(2)A(3)B(4)D【解析】【分析】短文大意：这是一篇科普性短文，我们只知道土豆有皮和内肉组成，真的不知皮和内肉之间有一层边缘，而且边缘部分的营养价值更高。我们在吃土豆时，即使舍其肉也不可丢其边缘，切记。（1）细节理解题。根据Youwillseethatthepotatohasskin（皮）,anoutsiderim（边缘）andaninsidepart.可知洋葱包括三部分。故选C。（2）细节理解题。根据Theoutsiderimwhichisrightundertheskinofthepotato,isthemostvaluablepartofall.可知外面边缘是最好的一部分。故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据Eventheskinitselfisbetterforfoodthantheinside.甚至皮本身比里面更好。故选B。（4）主旨大意题。Wheneatingacookedpotato,ifyouchoosetheinsideandleavetheoutside,youarethrowingthebestpartofit.Ifyoucan'tcatthewholepotato,eattheoutsiderimfirstandleavetheinsidepart.可知这篇文章讲的是土豆的吃法。故选D。【点评】此题考查阅读理解。细节题的命题方法很多，如可能是对某个细节用同义结构转换后进行考查、也可能是将文章中的几个细节（通常是四个）放在一起要求考生判断是非（选出正确的一项或选出错误的一项）或对几个细节进行排序等。解答这类试题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干或选项中的线索词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案。对于主旨大意题要根据文章的主题句或文章的中心思想确定。5.阅读理解①Wouldyouliketohaveabrotherorasister?Yearsagothismighthavesoundedimpossibletomany.Butsinceseveralyearsago,withtheendofChina's"one-childpolicy（政策）"，thiscouldactuallyhappennow.AllChinesecouplesareallowedtohavetwochildren.ItmeansthatmanyChinesechildrenmayhavesiblings（兄弟姐妹）inthefuture.②Whatwoulditbelikegrowingupwithabrotherorasister?Havingasiblingcanstopchildrenfrombadfeelings,accordingtoLauraPadilla-Walker,ateacherfromBrighamYoungUniversity,US."Siblingsgivechildrensomethingthatparentscan't,"shesaid.Youmaynotfeellonelyathomeanymorebecausethereissomeonetoplaywithyou.Youcanalsosharesecretswithhimorher.③"Butchildrenwithsiblingsalsohavetolearntocontrol（控制）theirfeelings,"saidPadilla-Walker.Youneedtosharethingswiththem,suchasattentionfromparents,toys,thebathroomandtheTV.Therearealsounpleasantsituationssuchascompetition,name-callingandevenhair-pulling.④Eventhebirthorderofsiblingscouldmattertoo.USpsychologistKevinLemansaidthatbirthorderdecidesthewayparentstreattheirchildren,thuscausingdifferentpersonalitiesbetweensiblings.⑤KevinLemanexplainedthatparentsareusuallymorestrictwiththeirfirstchild.Sofirstbornsmaybeperfectbecauseparentssethighgoals（目标）forthem.Theyusuallyactwellandhopetosucceed.Whenthecouplehasasecondchild,theyhavefewerrules.Solate-bornchildrenareusuallymorecreative.Theyalsoloveattention.Itissaidthatmanyofthemalsohaveagoodsenseofhumor.Theunderlinedword"this"inParagraph1refersto(指).A.one-childpolicy B.havingabrotherorasisterC.theendof"one-childpolicy" D.beingallowedtohavemorethantwochildrenInParagraph2,thewritermainlytellsus.A.theadvantagesofhavingasibling B.howtolookafterasiblingC.howtogetonwellwithasibling D.thesecretsofhavingasiblingAccordingtoKevinLeman,.late-bornchildrenareusuallysuccessfulatschoolhavingasiblingcanstopchildrenfrombadfeelingsparentsareusuallymorestrictwiththeirfirst-bornchildchildrenwithsiblingshavetolearntocontroltheirfeelings(4)Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructure(结构)ofthepassage?【答案】(1)B(2)A(3)C(4)D【解析】【分析】文章大意：中国开放二胎，家里有2个小孩，会使得孩子不感到孤独，父母对待孩子的方式不一样，第一胎较为严格。(1)推断题。根据文章提到的Wouldyouliketohaveabrotherorasister可知，this指代了上文提到的haveabrotherorasister，故选B。(2)主旨题。根据文章介绍了二孩的好处，不会让孩子感到孤独，可知第二段介绍了theadvantagesofhavingasibling,故选A。(3)细节题。根据文章提到的KevinLemanexplainedthatparentsareusuallymorestrictwiththeirfirstchild可知，父母对第一胎要求严格，故选C。(4)细节题。根据文章一开始说了二胎政策，然后说了二胎的好处与坏处，可知文章的结构是总分，第二段和第三段讲述了有兄弟姐妹的情景，第四五段讲述了有兄弟姐妹可能会导致的问题，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意

从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6.阅读理解Whatdoyouthinkwillhappenwhenthetraditionalculturemeetmoderntechnology?Yes,thewordsbecomelivelycharactersatonce.HowhappyitistoenjoytheseChinesecartoons!MaLiangisapoorboywholovespainting.Healwaysuseshismagicbrushtofightagainstthebadpeopleinthevillage.ThecartoonTheMagicBrushcameoutin1955.Agroupoftadpoles(蝌蚪)areborn.Theytrytofindtheirmotherthattheyhaveneverseen.Thestoryisveryeasy,butitneedscomplextechnologytoshowtheartisticstyleofink(水墨)painting.LittleTadpoleLookingforMomwaswatchedin1961first.TheMonkeyKing：UproarinHeaven(1961-1964)isChina'sfirstcolorcartoon.ItisfromtheChinesenovelJourneytotheWest.It'ssuccessful.NotonlywebutalsomanywesternerslikethemonkeySunWukong.Tobeattwobadpersons,anoldmangrows7calabashes(葫芦),andtheychangeinto7boys.Theytrytheirbesttobeatthebad.CalabashBrothers(1986)isamasterpiece(杰作)ofChinesepaper-cuttingart.showstheartisticstyleofinkpainting.TheMagicBrushLittleTadpolelookingforMomCalabashBrothersTheMonkeyKing：UproarinHeavenTheunderlinedword"complex"inthepassagemeans""inChinese.A.重复的B.复杂的A.重复的B.复杂的C.杂乱的D.冗长的Whichistrueaccordingtothepassage?TheMonkeyKingisfromaChinesenovel.MaLiangpunishedthevillagerswithhisbrush.CalabashBrothersisfromChinesepaintingart.LittleTadpoleLookingforMomcameoutin1964.【答案】（1）BBA【解析】【分析】短文大意:本文是文化类阅读，介绍了四个不同风格的艺术形象：神笔马良、小蝌蚪找妈妈、美猴王和葫芦兄弟，说明传统文化与现代技术相结合，能够让简单的文字变成生动的人物形象。（1）考查细节理解。根据Thestoryisveryeasy,butitneedscomplextechnologytoshowtheartisticstyleofinkpainting它需要复杂的技术展示水墨画的艺术风格，故选B。（2）考查词意猜测题。but但是，表转折；根据Thestoryisveryeasy,可知画技很复杂，故选B。（3）考查细节理解。A.TheMonkeyKingisfromaChinesenovel美猴王来自中国小说。可知TheMonkeyKingisfromaChinesenovel说法正确，故选A。【点评】此题考查阅读理解。这篇短文内容简单，容易理解。我们分析问题后，根据文章的细节直接找出细节理解问题的答案。对于词意猜测题，要根据上下文的联系确定。.阅读理解Lately,peoplehaveenteredtheforestswherechimpanzeeslive.Thechimpanzeeshavebeengettingsickbecauseofpeople'sdiseases.Inaddition,peoplearehuntingchimpanzees.Theirnumberisbecomingsmallerandsmaller.ChimpanzeesliveintheplainsandforestsofAfrica.Theyeatmanykindsoffoods,fromplantleavesandseedstoinsectsandevenothersmallanimals.Chimpanzees'favouritefoodisfruit.Chimpanzeesareverycleverandtheycanusetoolswell.Theycancatchbugsbyusingsticks,andbreaknutsbyusingrocks.Theworld'sforestsaremuchsmallerthantheywerebefore.Roadswerebuiltindeepforests,sopeoplestarttoentertheforestswherechimpanzeeslive.ThaLmayleadtomanyproblems.Oneproblemforchimpanzeesisthattheycaneasilycatchpeople'sdiseasesanddie.Chimpanzeesaremuchclosertopeoplethanmonkeys.Asit'seasierforpeopletoenterforests,theyhuntmoreoften.Youngchimpanzeesarecaughttobepetsorforscientificresearch.Theyoungonesaretakenawayfromtheforests,andtheadultsarekilled.Chimpanzeesarelikelytodisappearinthefuture.Chimpanzeesliveintheplainsandforestsof.A.Africa B.Asia C.Europe D.AmericaChimpanzeesmayfeedonthefollowingEXCEPT_.A.insects B.bugs C.lions D.fruitChimpanzeescanbreaknutsbyusing_.A.sticks B.rocks C.theirteeth D.glassTheunderlinedword"That"referstothefactthatpeoplehuntforchimpanzeeschimpanzeesgetsickmoreeasilypeopleentertheforestswherechimpanzeeslivechimpanzeesaremuchclosertopeoplethanmonkeys【答案】（1）A）C）B（4）C【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了黑猩猩的生活习惯，还讲述了由于人类的影响黑猩猩的数量在减少，告诉我们，他们的生存状况让人担忧。（1）细节理解题，根据ChimpanzeesliveintheplainsandforestsofAfrica.可知黑猩猩生活在非洲平原和森林里。故答案是A。（2）细节理解题。根据Theyeatmanykindsoffoods,fromplantleavesandseedstoinsectsandevenothersmallanimals.Chimpanzees'favouritefoodisfruit.可知，黑猩猩的食物包括树植物的叶子，植物的种子，昆虫甚至是小动物，最喜欢的是水果。A.昆虫；B.小虫子；C.狮子；D.水果；因此可知黑猩猩不吃狮子。答案是C。（3）细节理解题，根Theycancatchbugsbyusingsticks,andbreaknutsbyusingrocks.可知，黑猩猩会用棍子捉虫子，用石头砸开坚果，找准关键词rocks。故答案是B。（4）词义猜测题，根据sopeoplestarttoentertheforestswherechimpanzeeslive.可知，后面的that指的是人们进入到黑猩猩生活的森林。故答案是C。【点评】考查阅读理解，三道题是细节理解，细节理解题一般都可以从文中直接找到答案，词义猜测则需要联系前后文进行合理的推理判断得到答案。.阅读理解FirstFrenchman：Ionceheardsomeoneshout,"Lookout."Iputmyheadoutofawindowandabucket(桶)ofwaterfellonme.Itseemsthat"Lookout"maymean"Don'tlookout".SecondFrenchman：Iwasonceonashipandheardthecaptainshout,"Allhandsondeck(甲板)."Iputmyhandsonthedeckandsomeonewalkedonthem.ThirdFrenchman：Ioncewentearlyinthemorningtothedoctor'sandhisnursecametothedoorandsaid,"He'snotupyet.Comebackinhalfanhour."WhenIwentasecondtimeforhim,Shesaid,"He'snotdownyet."Ihadtogoawayagain.LaterIthoughtthedoctorshouldbeinthehouseintheevening,soIwentthereoncemore."Oh,howsorryIam!He'snotin!I'dbettertellhimtowaitforyouifyoucouldcometomorrow,"saidthenurse."Well!He'snotup,heisnotdown,andheisnotin.Pleasetellmewherehestays!"Isaidangrily.ThefirstFrenchmanheardsomeoneshout"Lookout.".Here"Lookout"means“_”.A.Putyourheadout B.Takecare C.Hurryup D.HelpmeWhenthecaptainshouted,"Allhandsondeck.",whathemeantwas_.A.puttingyourbothhandsondeck B.puttingupyourhandsC.givingyourhandstome D.that"Allthesailors(船员)ondeck"Whenthenursesaid,"He'snotupyet.",shemeantthat_.A.hehadnotstoodupyet B.hehadnotyetgotupC.hehadnotwokenupyet D.hehadnotyetcomedownstairsWhenthethirdFrenchmanwentbackforthesecondtime,thedoctoj.A.wasstillinanupstairroom B.wasreadingC.washavinghisbreakfast D.waswashinghimself【答案】(1)B(2)D(3)B(4)A【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了三个法国人因为对英语理解不到位所发生的故事。(1)句义猜测题。文中lookout是当心的意思，入当心；B.快点；C.帮帮我，故选B。(2)句义猜测题。文中Allhandsondeck.是所有的船员都到甲板上的意，故选D。(3)句义猜测题。文中He'snotupyet.是他还没有起床的意思，故选B。(4)句义猜测题。文中He'snotdownyet.是他还没下楼的意思。也就是还在楼上，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解，本文主要涉及到了句意猜测题。这样的题需要根据前后句的逻辑关系去推敲其意思。9.阅读理解Tomostofus,homeisthesafestandwarmestplaceintheworld.ButeighthgradersatShenzhenSunshineMiddleSchoolaretryingtofigureoutwaystoescapetheirhomesasquicklyaspossibleincaseofanemergency.Teachersaskedstudentstodrawemergencyevacuation（紧急撤离）mapsoftheirhomestolearnabouthowtoescapeintheeventofafire.TheprojectmeantalottoShenWei.Whenhewasyounger,the10-year-oldonceplayedwithfireandalmostburnedhisfamily'shousedown.Sincethen,thepossibilityofanotherfirehasalwaysbeenonhismind.Bydrawingthemap,hesaidhewasabletosurmounthisfear.Now,heisfeelingrelaxed.Onhismap,Shenmarkedpossiblesourcesoffireathome,includingthefridge,computerandbookshelvesHesaidtheseareasshouldbeavoidedintheeventofafire.Whilemoststudentsonlymappedoutoneevacuationroute,YanJun,13,madethreeYanandhisparentsliveonthethirdflooroftheirbuilding.Atfirst,hethoughthisfamilycouldonlyescapebygoingdownthestairs.Butlater,hegottheideafromthewayhisfamilylaundry.Usually,Yan'sfamilyhangclothesontheirbalcony.Sometimestheirclothesfalltothesecondfloorbecauseofthewind.Insteadofwalkingdownthestairs,Yan'sfathersometimesclimbsdownoutdoorair-conditionerunitstogettheclothes.Doesthissoundlikeagoodevacuationroute?Yanalsosuggestedusingaropetoclimboutthewindow.Withsomanywaystoevacuate,Iwon'tbescared,evenifthereisarealfire,"saidYan.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordsurmountmean?A.reuse B.keep C.produce D.controlAccordingtoShen,whichofthefollowingmaynotcauseafire?A.Fridge B.Watertank C.Comp D.BookshelvesHowdidYangetinspiration(灵感)forhissecondevacuationroute?A.Fromhishomework.B.Fromtheinternet.C.Fromhisfamily'slaundry.D.Fromhisfather'sjob.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthispassage?Escapingyourhomeduringafire.Safetyrulesduringafire.Emergencysituationsinpublic.D.Don'tbeafraidoffire.【答案】(1)D(2)B(3)C(4)A【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述深圳阳光中学8年级的老师要求学生画火灾紧急逃离的地图以便学习如何逃离火灾。词义猜测题。根据thepossibilityofanotherfirehasalwaysbeenonhismind.Bydrawingthemap,hesaidhewasabletosurmounthisfear.可知，另一场火灾总是在他的脑海中，通过画地图，他说他能够克服自己的害怕心理，推出surmount的意思为控制，故选D。(2)细节题。根据Shenmarkedpossiblesourcesoffireathome,includingthefridge,computerandbookshelves可知，水缸可能不会引起火灾，故选B。(3)细节题。根据Butlater,hegottheideafromthewayhisfamilylaundry.可知，他从他家的洗衣房得到灵感，故选C。(4)主旨题。本文主要讲述火灾期间如何逃离火灾，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题、词义猜测题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。10.阅读理解Thereislittledoubtthathousecatsfirstdevelopednaturallyfromancientwildcats.ThecleverestrelativeistheAmericanwildcatwhichstilllivesinAfricatoday.ThisisunderstandablebecausethefirsthousecatscamefromAfrica.CatsfirststartedtolivearoundpeopleinEgyptabout6,000〜7,000yearsago.FromEgypt,catsstartedtomovearoundtheworld.Ataboutthesametime,Egyptiansbeganstoringgrain(谷物)inbuildings.Scientistsusedtobelievethatpeopletamedcatstocatchmiceandprotectthegrain.However,catsdon'tliketobetoldwhattodo!Now,scientistsbelievedthateatsfollowedthemiceandlearnedtoacceptpeople.Finally,someofthecatsbegantogrowcomfortablyaroundpeople.Theseweresmallercatsthatneededprotection.Asthesecatsandpeoplegotusedtoeachother,theymovedintogether.Around5,000yearsago,eatsstartedtolivewithpeople.SooncatswereinGreece,thentheMiddleEastandChina.TheymovedalongEgyptianbusinessroadskeepingawaymiceandkeepingpeoplearoundthem.AftertheRomanscametoEgypt,theyalsoacceptedthecatsandbroughtthemtoEurope.Thesecatslikelybred(繁殖)withothercatstoformthemanykindsofhousecatswehavetoday.Catsarerelativelyrecenthouseanimals.Housecatsstillhavealotincommonwiththeirwildrelatives.Catssleepalottosaveenergyjustlikewildcats.Theyoftengetfoodatnightaswell.Housecatsaregenerallypeacefulandfriendly,butbecareful!Ifacatfeelsitisindanger,itwillfightback—justlikeawildcat.Wheredidthefirsthousecatscomefrom?A.Asia. B.Africa. C.Europe. D.America.Whendidcatsstarttolivewithpeople?A.About4,000yearsago. B.About5,000yearsago.C.About6,000yearsago. D.About7,000yearsago.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?CatsstartedtomovearoundtheworldfromChina.Catsgetfoodatnighttosaveenergylikewildcats.Catshavealittleincommonwiththeirwildcats.CatswereacceptedandbroughttoEuropebyRomans.(4)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tamed"meaninChinese?A.驱散 B.捕捉 C.驯化 D.引进【答案】(1)B(2)B(3)D(4)C【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了家猫的起源。(1)细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句thefirsthousecatscamefromAfrica.可知，第一只家猫来自非洲。故选B。(2)细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Around5,000yearsago,eatsstartedtolivewithpeople.可知，大约五千年前，猫开始和人类住在一起。故选B。(3)推理判断题。根据第三段AftertheRomanscametoEgypt,theyalsoacceptedthecatsandbroughtthemtoEurope.可知，罗马人接受了埃及的猫并把它们带到欧洲。故选D。(4)词义猜测题。根据第二段However,catsdon'tliketobetoldwhattodo!然而，猫不喜欢被教应该怎么做，可知tame是驯化的意思。故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和词义猜测题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词义猜测题需要通读上下文，了解句意之后找出划线单词意思。.阅读理解Goodhealthdependsongoodlifestyles(生活方式).Readthefollowadviceanditcanhelpyouhavegoodhealth.Haveabedtime.Sleepisconsideredthethirdpillar(支柱)ofhealth.Asaresult,gettingenoughsleepisimportant.Oneofthesimplestthingsyoucandotogetenoughsleepeachnightistosetabedtimeandfollowitstrictly.Cutoutsugarwhereyoucan.Iusedtohaveasweettooth.Ifyouputcupcakes,ice-creamorcookiesinfrontofme,I'dcertainlyeatthem.ButthemoreIlearnedabouthowmuchsugarisbadformyhealth,themoreIrealizedIhadtocutoutsugarofmyeverydayfood.Nowinsteadofjuiceandsoda,Ionlydrinkwater.AndI'malwaystryingmybesttostayawayfromsugar.Knowwhentostayoffyourphone.ThisisanotherthingI'mstilltryingtobebetterat.We'reusedtoputtingoureyesonthosesmallscreens.Andweoftenforgetsomethingelsethat'smoreimportant.It'snotfriendlytoletyourfriendswaitwhileyouarebusyansweringyoure-mails.Cookfoodyourself.Saladlookshealthy.Butwhenit'smadewithsugarinarestaurant,itcanbedifferent.