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2020-2021年英语|英语阅读理解记叙文(有难度)(word)一、英语阅读理解记叙文(含答案详细解析).根据短文内容,判断正误。Iwas15monthsold,ahappyandcarefreekid,untilthedayIfell.Itwasabadfall.Ilandedonapieceofglassthatcutmyeyebadly.Fromthenon,myinjured,sightless,cloudygrayeyelivedonwithme.Sometimespeopleaskedmeembarrassing(使人难堪的)questions.Wheneverkidsplayedgames,Iwasthe"monster".Iwasalwaysimaginingthateveryonelookeddownon(瞧不起)me.Yetmumwouldsaytome,"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld."Ibegantodependonthatsaying.Asachild,Ithoughtmummeant,"Becareful,oryouwillfalldownorbumpintosomethingbecauseyouarenotlooking."Asateenager,Iusuallylookeddowntohidemyshame.ButIfoundthatwhenIheldmyheaduphigh,peoplelikedme.Inhighschool,Ievenbecametheclasspresident,butinsideIstillfeltlikeamonster.AllIreallywantedwastolooklikeeveryoneelse.Whenthingsgotreallybad,Iwouldcrytomymumandshewouldlookatmewithlovingeyesandsay,"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld.Letthemseethebeautythatisinsideinsteadofyourappearance(夕卜貌)."Mymum'slovewasthesunshinethatmademebright.Ihadfacedhardtimes,andlearnednotonlytobeconfident(自信的)butalsotohavedeepcompassion(同情)forothers."Holdyourheaduphigh"hasbeenheardmanytimesinmyhome.Isayittomychildren.Thegiftmymumgavemewillliveon.Thewriterimaginedthateveryonelookeddownonherbecauseofherappearance.Peoplealwaysaskedherembarrassingquestions.Thewriter'smumsaid"Holdyourheaduphigh"tohertomakehermoreconfident.Thewriterunderstoodthesayingverywellasachild.Thewriterislivingwithawarmandbraveheartnow.【答案】(1)1(2)0(3)1(4)0(5)1【解析】【分析】本文讲了作者小时候因眼睛受伤导致外貌变丑而心情低落,在妈妈的帮助之下改变自己并变得自信的故事。(1)细节理解题。根据第二段Wheneverkidsplayedgames,Iwasthe"monster".Iwasalwaysimaginingthateveryonelookeddownonme,可知作者总是想象每个人会因为她的外貌而瞧不起她,故答案为正确。(2)细节理解题。根据第二段Sometimespeopleaskedmeembarrassingquestions,可知有时候人们会问使人难堪的的问题,而always意为总是,故答案为错误。(3)细节理解题。根据最后一段Mymum'slovewasthesunshinethatmademebright.Ihadfacedhardtimes,andlearnednotonlytobeconfidentbutalsotohavedeepcompassionforothers,妈妈的爱是照亮我的阳光,我面对困难,不仅学会了自信而且学会了深切的同情别人,可知妈妈让作者抬头是为了让她更自信,故答案为正确。(4)细节理解题。根据第二段Asachild,Ithoughtmummeant,"Becareful,oryouwillfalldownorbumpintosomethingbecauseyouarenotlooking."小时候,我认为妈妈的意思是:要小心,否则你会摔倒或者碰到什么东西因为你没有在看路,可知作者小时候不理解这句谚语,故答案为错误。(5)细节理解题。根据最后一段"Holdyourheaduphigh"hasbeenheardmanytimesinmyhome.Isayittomychildren.Thegiftmymumgavemewillliveon,“抬起你的头”这句话在我家听到过很多次,我也跟我的孩子们说,我妈妈给我的礼物将会永存,可知作者现在带着一颗温暖并勇敢的心生活,故答案为正确。【点评】考查阅读理解,注意理解文章大意,根据题目去文章找到对应的信息,进行理解判断。2.阅读下列短文,从每题所给的几个选项中,选出最佳选项。Whenhewasnineyearsold,AmericanboyMiloCresshadaquestion:Howmanyplasticstraws(吸管)doAmericansuseeveryday?Hequicklylearnedtherewasn'tasimpleanswer.Theboytriedtoworkitouthimself.Throughlotsofresearch,CressfoundoutthatAmericansuseabout500millionstrawseveryday.Inhopesofreducingplasticwaste,hefoundedtheBeStrawFreeprojectin2011.Cressstartedtheprojectinhishometown-Burlington,Vermont.Heaskedalocalrestauranttostopofferingstrawswitheverydrinkorder.Itwasasimplechange.However,itwouldsavemoney.Andbydoingthat,therestaurantwouldcutdownonitsstrawuseby50percent.Fortheyearsthatfollowed,CresstriedtospreadhisprojectacrosstheUnitedStates.Moreandmorerestaurantsagreedtojoin.Theystopprovidingthecustomerwithastrawunlessheorsheasksforone.LastApril,SeattlebecamethefirstAmericancitytocompletelyban(禁止)plasticstraws.Plasticpollutionhasbeenoneofthemostseriousproblemstoday.Accordingtoscientists,morethaneightmilliontonsofplasticendupintheoceaneachyear.Plasticstrawsareespeciallyterrible.Theymakeiteasyforpeopletogetcomfortablewithsingle-useplastics.Afterhisprojectbecamepopular,Cresstookhisfindingsontheroad.Hehassincespokentotensofthousandsofstudentsaroundtheworld.Hewantstoencouragemorepeopletosaynotoplasticstraws."Focusing(聚焦)onstrawsisonesimplestepweallcouldtake,"Cresssays."AnditmakesmefeelthatI,asakid,couldmakeadifference,too."WhendidMiloCressstarttocareabouttheproblemofstraws?A.Tenyearsago.B.Intheyear2011.C.Intheyearthathewas9.CressstartedtheBeStrawFreeprojectinorderto_.getagoodscoreinscienceathisschoolencouragepeopletoreduceplasticwastebecomeafamouspersoninhishometownWhatdidCressaskarestaurantinBurlingtontodo?Stopofferingstrawstoitscustomers.Preventpeoplefromusingstrawstodrink.Countthenumberofstrawsituseseveryday.Plasticstrawsareespeciallyterriblebecause_.theyarethemostseriousproblemtodayscientistspaylittleattentiontotheirinfluencetheyhelppeoplegetusedtousingsingle-useplasticsOvertheyears,Cresshas—.spreadhisprojectacrosstheUnitedStatesaskedSeattletocompletelybanplasticbagscountedtheplasticstrawsintheoceaneveryyearspokentoteensaroundtheworldaboutplasticwasteA.①③ B.②③ C.①④【答案】(1)C2)B(3)A(4)C(5)C【解析】【分析】本文介绍了塑料垃圾对环保的危害,Cress用环保吸管替代塑料吸管。细节题。根据Whenhewasnineyearsold,AmericanboyMiloCresshadaquestion:Howmanyplasticstraws(吸管)doAmericansuseeveryday可知9岁的时候,米洛•克里斯开始关心吸管的问题了,故选C。细节题。根据Inhopesofreducingplasticwaste,hefoundedtheBeStrawFreeprojectin2011.可知为了鼓励减少塑料垃圾,他在2011年创建了无稻草项目,故选B。(3)细节题。根据Heaskedalocalrestauranttostopofferingstrawswitheverydrinkorder,可知他要求当地一家餐馆停止为每一份饮料订单提供吸管,故选A。细节题。根据Plasticstrawsareespeciallyterrible.Theymakeiteasyforpeopletogetcomfortablewithsingle-useplastics.可知塑料吸管尤其可怕。它们让人们更容易适应一次性塑料制品,故选C。细节题。根据CresstriedtospreadhisprojectacrosstheUnitedStates和Hehassincespokentotensofthousandsofstudentsaroundtheworld可知这些年来,克雷斯把他的项目推广到了美国,并向全世界的青少年讲述了塑料废料的问题,故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。3.阅读下列材料,从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。Ayoungwomantraveledandstayedinahotel.Alltheroomsinthehotelweresingles(单人间).Soshelivedinasingleroom.Justwhenshewasgoingtobed,therewasaknockatthedoor.Shehadnofriendsinthecity.Soshewasquitesurprisedbutstillopenedthedoor.Themanwhowasstandingatthedoorlookedalittlenervous."Oh!I'msorry.Ithoughtthiswasmyroom,"themansaidandwalkedawayinahurry.Thewomancalledthepoliceatonce.Soon,themanwascaught.Hewasathief(小偷)!Buthowdidthewomanknowthat?Alltheroomsinthehotelweresingles.Whowouldknockathisowndoorifhewasstayingalone?Onlyathiefwoulddothis.Hewantedtoseeifanyonewasinsidebeforehebrokeintotheroom.(1)Ayoungwomantraveledandstayed.A.inahotelB.inapoliceofficeC.inaparkD.inherfriend'shome(2)Themanlookedalittlewhenthewomanopenedthedoor.A.happy B.nervous C.mad D.relaxed(3)Themanknockedatthedoorto.A.findhisfriendinthecityB.stayaloneC.seeifanyonewasinsideD.callthepolice【答案】(1)A(2)B(3)C【解析】【分析】文章大意:一位年轻女士住在宾馆时,有人敲门询问这是不是他的房间,这位女士断定他是一个小偷,并报了警。(1)细节理解题。根据文中的语句Ayoungwomantraveledandstayedinahotel.理解可知,这位年轻的女士住在了宾馆,故选A。(2)细节理解题。根据文中的语句Themanwhowasstandingatthedoorlookedalittlenervous.理解可知,这个年轻人看到这位女士非常的紧张,故选B。(3)细节理解题。根据文中的语句Onlyathiefwoulddothis.Hewantedtoseeifanyonewasinsidebeforehebrokeintotheroom.可知,这个人敲门的主要目的就是看看房间里有没有人,故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题,首先仔细阅读文后的问题,弄清问题的大意;然后带着问题阅读短文,抓住关键信息,选择正确答案。4.阅读材料,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Theyearwas1859.AmericaandEnglandhadalreadyfoughttwowars.Now,theywereatpeace.Butonedayapiggothungry.Anditnearlycausedanotherwarbetweenthetwocountries.ThepigwasownedbyaBritishmanwholivedonasmallisland.TheislandwasjustoffthewesternpartofNorthAmerica.BothEnglandandtheUSsaidtheislandwastheirs.AcrosstheislandfromtheBritishmanlivedsomeAmericanfarmers.Everyoneontheislandgotalongpeacefully.ButthepeaceendedthedaytheBritishman'spigdecidedtoeatsomeofanAmericanfarmer'spotatoes.OneoftheAmericanfarmersshotandkilledthepig.Thenthepig'sownerwanted$100fromthemanwhoshottheanimal.Thatwasalotofmoney,sothefarmerrefusedtopayit.TheBritishandAmericansbegantoargue,andthesituationgotworse.Thefarmersaskedthegovernorovertheislandatthattimeforhelp.Hesentagroupofsoldierstoprotectthefarmers.TheBritishansweredbysending2,000soldiers.TheBritishwereononesideoftheisland,andtheAmericanswereontheother.Theproblemthatbeganwiththepigwasabouttobecomeashootingwar.WhennewsoftheproblemreachedWashingtonandLondon,bothleadersweresurprised.Neithercountrywantedanotherwar.Theysentsomementotrytofixtheproblem.Afteradiscussion,itwasdecidedthateachcountrywouldkeepasmallgroupofsoldiersontheisland.Theywouldstaythereuntilthetwocountriescoulddecidewhoownedtheisland.Thentheotherswouldhavetoleave.Twelveyearswentby.Neithersidewantedtogiveutheisland,buttheyknewtheyhadtodosomething.TheyaskedtheleaderofGermanytohelpdecide.Afternearlyayearofdiscussion,adecisionwasmade.Americawouldgettheisland.Finally,thePigWarwasoverandonlyoneshotwasfired.Thatwastheshotthatkilledthepig!(1)Whatcausedtheproblemontheislandaccordingtothepassage?AnAmericanshotaBritishman.Agroupofsoldierscametotheisland.BritishmendestroyedanAmerican'sfarmland.ABritishman'spigatesomepotatoesofanAmericanfarmer's.Theunderlinedword"they"inParagraph4refersto.A.thefarmers B.theleaders C.thesoldiers D.theGermansAccordingtothepassage,therealpurposeofthetwocountrieswas.A.toownanislandB.tokillapigC.togetmoremoneyD.tostartawar(4)Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThePigIslandB.ThePigWarC.ThePigontheIslandD.TheIslandWar【答案】(1)D(2)C(3)A(4)B【解析】【分析】文章大意:英美两国因一头英国人饲养的猪吃了美国人种植的土豆引起的争端,其实他们最终的目的就是争夺小岛的所有权,(1)细节理解题。根据文中的语句ButthepeaceendedthedaytheBritishman'spigdecidedtoeatsomeofanAmericanfarmer'spotatoes.理解可知,这场战争的主要起因就是英国人的猪吃了美国人的土豆,故选D。(2)细节理解题。根据文中的语句Afteradiscussion,itwasdecidedthateachcountrywouldkeepasmallgroupofsoldiersontheisland.Theywouldstaythereuntilthetwocountriescoulddecidewhoownedtheisland.理解可知,经过讨论,决定每个国家在岛上保留一小队士兵。他们将一直呆在那里,直到两国决定谁拥有这个岛。they指代的就是士兵,故选C。(3)细节理解题。根据文中的语句Twelveyearswentby.Neithersidewantedtogiveutheisland,buttheyknewtheyhadtodosomething.TheyaskedtheleaderofGermanytohelpdecide.Afternearlyayearofdiscussion,adecisionwasmade.Americawouldgettheisland理解可知,英美两国的最终目的就是争夺小岛的所有权,故选A。(4)标题推断题。通读全文可知,英美的争议是因一头猪吃了土豆引起的,其实他们最终的目的就是争夺小岛的所有权,故选B。【点评】考阅读理解。本题主要涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。细节理解题可以直接从文中找到答案,而主旨大意题需要认真阅读仔细理解,归纳出中心思想。.阅读理解Whenhedidn'tbecomefamous,AlbertEinstein,oneofthegreatestscientistsintheworld,livedahardlife,wearingcasually.Someoneremindedhimheshouldhaveadecent(得体的)coatsoastoenterthesociety.Hesaid,"I'munknown.EvenifIwearmorehandsomely,noonewillknowme."Afewyearslater,Einsteinbecameaworld-famousscientist,whostillworecasually.Themanagainremindedheshouldhaveacoatmadequickly,oritwoulddisagreewiththefameofagreatscientist.Einsteinsaidwithasmile,"Now,evenifIwearragged(衣衫褴褛的)clothes,peoplewillknowme."Sometimes,heevenworeasportsshirtandapairofsandalstotheUniversityofBerlinwhenheworkedasaprofessorinGermany.Hisfriendsdidn'tagreewithhim,buthesaidjokingly,"Ifthebagisbetterthanthemeatinside,itwillbeabadthing."Indeed,manyatime,ifwedon'tadorn(修饰;装饰)ourselvesfromtheappearancebutlettheskeleton(骨架;骨骼)ofthespiritstandup,wewon'tfalloverinthisworld.Einsteinwasagreat.A.reporter B.writer C.scientist D.artistBeforebecomingfamous,whensomeoneremindedhimtohaveadecentcoat.Einstein.A.hadadecentcoatquickly B.stillworecasuallyC.quarreledwiththeperson D.woremorehandsomelythenWhatcanwelearnfromthefourthparagraph?Einsteinwasunfriendlytohisfriends.EinsteinoncestudiedintheUniversityofBerlin.Einsteindidn'tlikehisworkasaprofessorinGermany.Einsteinthoughtthethingsinsideapersonweremoreimportantthantheappearance.【答案】(1)C(2)B(3)D【解析】【分析】文章大意:世界著名科学家爱因斯坦成名前后都穿着随意,面对人们的劝说,他的回答发人深思。他认为:一个人内在的品质要比外表更重要。我们应该让精神的骨架站起来,才能立于不败之地。(1)细节理解题。由文中语句AlbertEinstein,oneofthegreatestscientistsintheworld可知,爱因斯坦是一位伟大的科学家。故选C。(2)推理判断题。根据第一段最后Someoneremindedhimheshouldhaveadecent(得体的)coatsoastoenterthesociety."有人提醒他为了融入社会他应该有一件得体的外套、第二段语句Hesaid,"I'munknown.EvenifIwearmorehandsomely,noonewillknowme.'爱因斯坦回答“我没有名气。即便我穿得更英俊漂亮,也没有人会认识我。〃由此推断,爱因斯坦没有听从别人劝告,依然穿着很随意,故选B。(3)推理判断题。阅读短文第四段可知,爱因斯坦在柏林大学工作时,穿着运动衫和凉鞋去学校,朋友们不赞同时,他说“如果袋子比里面的肉好,那将是一件坏事。〃这里爱因斯坦将袋子和肉分别比作人的外在和内在,故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和推理判断等常考题型,推理判断题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案;主旨题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出正确选项。.阅读理解Corkywasabraveyoungmanandhedreamedofbecomingthebestfighterintheworld.Tobecomestrongerandgetbetterfightingskills,hewenttomanyschools.Oneday,hewenttothebestschoolintheworld.Beforeenteringthegate,hewasmadetohandinallhisweapons(武器)."Youwon'tneedthoseanymore.Hereyou'llgetbetterones,"saidtheguard.Corkyhandedhisweaponstohim.AseriousoldteachertookCorkytohisroom.Beforeheleft,hesaidtoCorky,"Inahundreddaysthetrainingwillstart."Ahundreddays!AtfirstCorkythoughtthatwasajoke,buthesoonrealizedtheoldteacherhadbeenserious.Corkyfeltnervousduringthefirstdaysandhetriedmanywaystotrytogettheteachertostartthetraining.However,itdidn'twork.AtlastCorkywaitedpatientlyandenjoyedeachdayintheschool."You'vealreadylearnedhowtouseyourmainweapon—patience,"saidtheoldteacher.Corkycouldhardlybelieveit,buthereallyunderstoodthattheteacherwasright.Finally,thelessonbegan."Nowit'stimetolearnhowtowineveryfight,"saidtheoldteacher.ThatsoundedgoodtoCorkyuntilhefoundhimselftiedhandandfoot.ManyvillagerstriedtohithimbecausetheyweretoldthatCorkywasadangerousman.Thesamethingwasrepeatedfordays,andCorkyknewhehadtodosomething.Herealizedthattheonlywaywouldbetodealwiththevillagers'anger(怒气).Inthefollowingdays,Corkykepttalkingtothemuntilhemanagedtomakethembelievethathewasnotanenemy.Intheend,thevillagersmadefriendswithCorky.Finally,Corkyknewwhatthemostpowerfulweaponwas.Hesaidthankstotheteacherandleft.WhydidtheoldteachertellCorkythatthetrainingwouldstartinahundreddays?A.Becausehedidn'tfeelwell.BecausehewantedCorkytoleave.BecausehewantedCorkytobepatient.BecausehethoughtCorkyneededagoodrest.WhichofthefollowingistheRIGHTorderaccordingtothestory?①Corkywashitbythevillagers.②Corkyhandedhisweaponstotheguard.③Corkytriedtogettheteachertostartthetraining.A.③①② B.②③① C.③②① D.②①③Whatcanweinfer(推断)fromthestory?Corkywenttotheschooltokillhisenemy.Corkystayedattheschoolforover100days.Corkywastiedhandandfootbecausehewasdangerous.Intheend,Corkykilledthevillagers.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasthemostpowerfulweapon?A.Strength. B.Fightingskills. C.Patience. D.Words.【答案】(1)C(2)B(3)B(4)C【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文讲述了库尔奇如何想成为世界上最勇敢的战士的故事,从而告诉我们最强大的武器是我们自己和耐心。(1)细节理解题根据第三段的意思,可知老师为的是让他有耐心。故选C。(2)细节理解题①Corkywashitbythevillagers.通过村民库尔奇成功了。②Corkyhandedhisweaponstotheguard.库尔奇递给门卫武器。③Corkytriedtogettheteachertostartthetraining.库尔奇试图让老师开始了训练。根据故事发展的顺序看应是231,故选B。(3)推理判断题。根据第三段中描述"Inahundreddaysthetrainingwillstart.”可知答案B的描述是正确的。故选B。(4)推理判断题。根据老师给库尔奇的两次考验,主要是考验的的耐心还有遇到问题靠自己。故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解,本文主要涉及细节理解题和推理判断题,细节理解题主要是在文章中找到答案的依据。推理判断题是根据上下文推断出需要的信息。7.阅读理解China'ssecondfemaleastronaut,WangYaping,hasgiventhecountry'sfirst-evervideolecturefromspace.Thewholelecturelastedabout40minutes.Speakingtostudentsthroughlivevideo,fromtheTiangong-Ispacelaboratory,Ms.Wangusedspinningtops(旋转的陀螺),aballandsomewatertoexplainphysicsinzero-gravity(失重),withthehelpofafellowastronaut.Ms.Wanguseddifferentexperimentstodemonstratetheconceptsofweightandmass(重量和质量的概念)inspace.Towardstheendoftheclass,Ms.Wangmadeafilm(薄膜)ofwaterusingametalring.Shethenturnedthefilmofwaterintoawaterballbypouringmorewaterontoit.Around330primaryandsecondaryschoolstudentswatchedthelecturefromaspecialclassroominBeijing,wheretheycouldalsoaskMs.Wangquestionsthroughlivevideo.Fromtimetotime,thestudentsgreetedherlecturewithwarmapplause(掌声).Whenansweringastudent'squestion,Ms.Wangdescribedwhatshecouldseeinspace."Thestarsweseearemuchbrighter,buttheydonottwinkle(闪烁),"shesaid,"Theskyweseeisn'tblue,butblack.Andeveryday,wecanseethesunrise16timesbecausewecircletheEarthevery90minutes."About60millionstudentsandteachersaroundChinaalsowatchedthelectureliveonTV.What'sthepurpose(目的)ofthespacelecture?Toexplainphysicsofzero-gravityinspace.Todemonstratetheconceptofweightandmassinspace.Totelluswhatcanbeseeninspace.ToshowthattheEarthisfarawayfromspace.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"demonstrate"inthepassagemostprobablymeaninChinese?A.区别 B.强调 C.传授 D.演示Towardstheendofthelecture,WangYapingmadeafilmofwatersoasto .playwithit B.useametalringC.turnitintoawaterball D.pourmorewaterontoit(4)AboutstudentsandteacherswatchedthelecturebothfromaspecialclassroomandonTV.A.330 B.60,000,000 C.6,000,330 D.60,000,330(5)WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.WangYapingisChina'ssecondfemaleastronaut.WangYapinggavethelecturefromspaceallbyherself.Thelecturewaswarmlywelcomedbythestudents.Theskyisn'tbluebutblackwhenastronautsseeitinspace.【答案】(1)A(2)D(3)C(4)D(5)B【解析】【分析】文章大意:中国的第二位女宇航员王亚平已经在空间上发表了全国第一个视频讲座。数以千万计的学生通过看电视观看精彩的表演。学生对太空和科学产生了很大的兴趣,他们梦想自己成为一个航天员。(1)细节理解题,根据文中的语句Ms.Wangusedspinningtops(旋转的陀螺),aballandsomewatertoexplainphysicsinzero-gravity(失重),withthehelpofafellowastronaut.理解可知,太空实验的目的就是来解释零重力下的物理。故选A。(2)词义理解题,根据文中的语句Ms.Wanguseddifferentexperimentstodemonstratetheconceptsofweightandmass(重量和质量的概念)inspace.理解可知女士用不同的实验演示了太空中重量和质量的概念。故选D。(3)细节理解题,根据文中的语句Shethenturnedthefilmofwaterintoawaterballbypouringmorewaterontoit.理解可知,王女士拍电影的目的就是将它变成一个小水珠,故选C。(4)细节理解题,根据文中的语句Around330primaryandsecondaryschoolstudentswatchedthelecturefromaspecialclassroominBeijing,以及About60millionstudentsandteachersaroundChinaalsowatchedthelectureliveonTV.理解可知,全国将有60,000,330人观看了这堂讲座,故选D。(5)细节理解题,根据文中的语句Ms.Wangusedspinningtops(旋转的陀螺),aballandsomewatertoexplainphysicsinzero-gravity(失重),withthehelpofafellowastronaut.理解可知,王女士在同伴的帮助下,给全国的观众上了这堂课,而不是她自己,选项B的描述是错误的,故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题,词义推断题,推理判断题等常考题型,细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案;词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出正确选项8.阅读理解Asachild,AlainRobertwasafraidofheights.Oneday,whenhewas12,hereturnedhomefromschool.Hedidn'tfindhiskeys.Itwas3:30pmandhisparentsworkeduntil6:00pm.Alainlookedathisapartmentontheeighthfloor.Hesawanopenwindow.Heclosedhiseyesandimaginedhimselfclimbingthebuilding.Whenheopenedhiseyes,hetoldhimself,"Icandoit."Fifteenminuteslater,hewasinhishouseandhisfearofheightswasgone.Today,Alainstillclimbsbuildings.In2003,heclimbedabuildinginLondondressedasSpiderman(蜘蛛人)toadvertisethemovie.In2004,heclimbedTaipei101(oneofthetallestbuildingsintheworld).Toreachthetopofabuilding,Alainusesonlyhishandsandspecialshoes.Alainclimbsasahobby.Healsodoesittomakemoneyforcharity(forpoorchildrenandthehomeless).Whenheclimbs,hewantstosendamessagetopeople.Ifyouhaveadream,youmustbebraveandkeeptrying.Ifsomethingbadhappens,don'tgiveup.Closeyoureyesandtellyourself,"Icandoit."Themainideaofthispassageisthat.A.climbingbuildingsiseasy B.AlainRobertisafraidofheightsC.everyonecanclimbatallbuilding D.youcancontrolyourfearsWhenAlainclimbsabuilding,heuses.A.hishandsandspecialshoes B.specialtools
C.hishandsonlyD.hisspecialshoesonlyC.hishandsonlyTheunderlinedword"charity"means"A.享受 B.休闲Alainclimbs.A.享受 B.休闲Alainclimbs.A.forfunandforhishealthC.forhishealthandforcharityforcharityandforhisjobD.forcharityandforfunIfyoufeelafraidtodothings,what'sAlain'sadvice?.A.Practiceclimbingbuildings. B.Tellyourself"Icandoit."Ifsomethingbadhappens,thenstop.D.Trytodosomethingelse.【答案】(1)D(2)A(3)C(4)D(5)B【解析】【分析】文章大意:小时候,阿兰・罗伯特恐高。一天,他放学回家。他没有找到钥匙。他看到一扇开着的窗户。自己爬上了大楼。当他睁开眼睛时,他对自己说:“我能做到。〃十五分钟后,他在自己的房子里,他的恐高症消失了。今天,阿兰还在爬建筑物。为了到达建筑物的顶部,阿兰只用他的手和特殊的鞋子。阿兰爬山是个爱好。他还为慈善事业(为贫困儿童和无家可归者)赚钱。如果你有一个梦想,你必须勇敢并不断尝试。如果有不好的事情发生,不要放弃。闭上眼睛,告诉自己,“我能做到。〃(1)主旨大意题,根据Ifsomethingbadhappens,don'tgiveup.Closeyoureyesandtellyourself,"Icandoit."可知,当有不好的事情发生的时候,比这眼睛告诉自己能行,所以人们是能够控制自己的恐惧情绪的,故答案是D。(2)细节理解题,根据Alainusesonlyhishandsandspecialshoes.可知,阿兰用手和特殊的鞋来攀爬建筑物,故答案是A。(3)词义猜测题,根据(forpoorchildrenandthehomeless)可知该单词的意思是“慈善〃,故答案是C。(4)细节理解题,根据Alainclimbsasahobby.Healsodoesittomakemoneyforcharity(forpoorchildrenandthehomeless).可知阿兰的攀爬一是为了慈善也是为乐获得乐趣,故答案是D。(5)细节理解题,根据Ifsomethingbadhappens,don'tgiveup.Closeyoureyesandtellyourself,"Icandoit."可知,当你害怕做某事的时候,阿兰的建议是告诉自己“我能做到〃,故答案是B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、主旨大意题和词义猜测题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案;词义猜测题,需要根据单词所在的语境,进行合理想象,确定单词的意思;主旨题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出中心思想。二、中考英语完形填空(含答案详细解析).阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案TheSecretSoldierAyoungsoldier,RobertShurtliff,laydyinginahospitalbed.Hewastoo1tospeakormove.Twomenstoodoverhim."Ithinkthisyoungmanhas2 ,"onemansaid."I'lltakehisjacketandboots,"saidtheother.Robertgatheredallofhisstrengthto3 ,"I...I'malive."ThedoctorcamerunningoverasRobertfellintoacoma(昏迷)."Wecan4him,"hesaidasheexaminedtheyoungsoldier,"Oh,my!He'sa5 !"Itwastrue.Theyoungsoldier,RobertShurtliff,wasreallyDeborahSampson.6whowasshe?DeborahSampsonhadgrownupinMassachusetts,livingasaservant.She7ofhavinggreatadventures(冒险). 8theRevolutionaryWarbrokeoutin1775,womenwerenotallowedtoserveinthearmy.ButDeborah9herselfasamanandbecameasolider.ShecalledherselfRobertShurtliff.Oneday,duringanattack,Deborahwasshotintheneckand10 .AnothersoldierliftedDeborahintohishorseandrodehertothe11 .Adoctortreatedthewoundonherbackandaskedif12hadanyotherinjuries.Deborahliedandsaidno.Shewasafraidthatifthedoctorexaminedherleg,hewoulddiscoverher13 .Usingapocketknife,Deborahgotthebullet(子弹)outofherownleg.She14tofightasasoldier.Afterthewarended,Deborahgotmarriedandhadchildren.Butshestilllongedfor15Sosheputonhersoldier'suniformandtravelledaroundthecountrytellingofherlifeasyoung,bravesoldier,RobertShurtliff.A.busy B. weak C.surprised D. strongA.gotup B. lostheart C.passedawayD. gotlostA.whisper B. cry C. shout D. laughA.accept B. kill C. support D. saveA.soldier B. mother C.woman D. fatherA.Though B. But C. Or D. HoweverA.died B. talked C.heard D. dreamedA.When B. While C.Until D. SinceA.worked B. dressed C.acted D. livedA.arm B. hand C. leg D. stomachA.hospital B.library C.studio D. bedroomA.she B. he C. it D. theyA.appearanceB.ability C.beauty D. secretA.failed B.continuedC.agreed D.plannedA.home B.fashionC.peace D.adventure【答案】(1)B;(2)C;(3)A;(4)D;(5)C;(6)B;(7)D;(8)A;(9)B;(10)C;(11)A;(12)A;(13)D;(14)B;(15)D;【解析】【分析】短文大意:本文主要记叙了一个叫1DeborahSampson的妇人很喜欢冒险,在战争爆发时她女扮男装到战场上作战,后来被子弹射击后才被医生发现她是个妇人,而不是男人。(1)考查形容词辨析。句意:他太虚弱以至于不能讲话或移动。A忙碌的,B虚弱的,C惊讶的,D强壮的.根据下文Ithinkthisyoungmanhas…以及I'lltakehisjacketandboots,可知其他士兵是以为他过世了,准备把他的夹克和靴子拿走,可知是因为他太虚弱了以至于让别人误会他过世了,故选B。(2)考查动词辨析。句意:我觉得这位年轻的男人应该已经过世了。A起床,B没爱心,C过世,D迷失。根据"I'lltakehisjacketandboots"有其他士兵会拿走的靴子,可知是以为他过世了才带走他的东西,故选C。(3)考查动词辨析。句意:Robert用尽他全身的力气小声地说。A悄悄说,B哭喊,C大喊,D嘲笑。根据上文可知他身体很虚弱,且下文I...I'malive可知他几乎讲不出声音来了,所以是很小声,悄悄地说的,故选A。(4)考查动词辨析。句意:我们可以救他。A接受,B杀害,C支持,D救。根据下文asheexaminedtheyoungsoldier医生给这位士兵检查身体,且此空中的can可知是可以去救这个士兵,故选D。(5)考查名词辨析。句意:他是一个妇女。A士兵,B妈妈,C妇人,D爸爸。根据下文Itwastrue.Theyoungsoldier,RobertShurtliff,wasreallyDeborahSampson.…whowasshe中的she可知这个士兵是个女的,故选C。(6)考查连词辨析。句意:但她是谁呢?A尽管,B但是,C或者,D然而。根据下文…whowasshe?中的反问号可知是大家都很好奇她到底是谁,所以此处是转折关系,转折连词,结合选项,故选B。(7)考查动词辨析。句意:她梦想着去冒险。A死了,B谈话,C听见,D梦想。根据下午”.ofhavinggreatadventures(冒险)中dreamofdoingsth.梦想做某事,这个妇人是一直梦想冒险,所以男扮女装去当士兵,故选D。(8)考查副词辨析。句意:1775年,当革命战争爆发时,妇女都不允许参军的。A在..的时候,B当..时,C知道,D自从。根据下文womenwerenotallowedtoserveinthearmy可知这两句话中缺少连词,when当……的时候,且下半句是非进行时态,故用when而不用while,故选A。(9)考查动词辨析。句意:但Deborah把自己打扮成男装,然后成为了一名士兵。A工作,B穿着,C表演,D居住。根据上文战争爆发时女生是不允许上战场的,下文herselfasaman中的herself和man,可知是把她自己打扮成一个男人,故选B。(10)考查名词辨析。句意:在一次射击中,Deborah的腿和脖子被射中了。A手臂,B手,C腿,D胃。根据下文Shewasafraidthatifthedoctorexaminedherleg可知她的腿也是受伤的,故选C。(11)考查名词辨析。句意:另一名士兵把Deborah放在一匹马上,然后载她到医院。A医院,B图书馆,C录音室,D卧室。根据下文Adoctortreatedthewound有医生给她治疗,可知是把她载到了医院,故选A。(12)考查代词辨析。句意:一名医生把她脖子上的伤口处理好然后问她是否还有其他的伤口。A她,B他,C它,D他们,根据上文treatedthewoundonherbackandaskedif中的her,她的,可知此时陈述的是用第三人称的女的她,故选A。(13)考查名词辨析。句意:她担心如果医生处理她腿上的伤口,那他会发现她的秘密的。A外貌,B能力,C美,D秘密。根据上文Shewasafraid中她很担心,是因为她担心医生会发现她女扮男装的秘密,上文也讲到了她穿了男装上战场,故选D。(14)考查动词辨析。句意:她继续像一名士兵一样作战。上文讲到她女扮男装上战场中枪了,抢救过来后,A失败,B继续,C同意,D计划。下文提到fightasasoldier又像个士兵一样去打战了,可知她是伤好了后又继续上战场了,故选B。(15)考查名词辨析。句意:但她依然想冒险。A家,B潮流,C安静,D冒险。上文讲到她很喜欢冒险,根据此处stilllongedfor中的still依然可知她是依然想冒险,longforsth.期待某事,longforadventure,期待冒险,故选D。【点评】此题考查完形填空。在通读全文,了解大意的基础上开始答题。答题时要根据短文的内容和要求,结合短文的主题思想,对空缺句子作合乎逻辑的推理。要弄清空缺词句的确切含义,并对每一个空白的四个选项进行认真分析,反复推敲。空缺词句与其前后句的意义衔接必须自然、合理,不可出现意义断层或说东道西的情况,还要综合运用学过的知识,从语法、词语固定搭配、词形变化及逻辑推理和生活常识等角度考虑,找出问题正确答案。.完形填空IwillneverforgettheSundayafternoonsIspentatmygrandfather'sfarminwesternPennsylvaniawhenIwasalittleboy.Milesofwindingstonewallsaroundthehouseprovidedendlesshoursof1foracitykidlikeme.IcanstillrememberoneafternoonwhenIwaseightyearsold.Sincemyfirstvisittothe2 _L
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