专题07 阅读理解说明文、议论文-2021年高考真题和模拟题英语分项汇编（原卷版）

高考复习资料1/12021年高考真题和模拟题英语分项汇编专题07阅读理解说明文、议论文说明文1.【2021·全国甲卷，B】PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding(繁育)programme,haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblackrhinocalf(犀牛幼崽).WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity(圈养).PaulBeer,headofrhinosectionatPortLympne,said:“Obviouslywe'reallabsolutelydelightedtowelcomeanothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.She'shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.Hermother,Solio,isafirst-timemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob.It'sstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopen,butassoonastheweatherwarmsup,Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringandplayingeveryday.”Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,givingtherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status.4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebreedingprogramme?A.Costly. B.Controversial. C.Ambitious. D.Successful.5.WhatdoesPaulBeersayaboutthenew-bornrhino?A.Shelovesstayingwithhermother. B.Shedislikesoutdooractivities.C.Sheisingoodcondition D.Sheissensitivetoheat.6.WhatsimilarexperiencedoSolioandKisimahave?A.TheyhadtheirfirstborninJanuary. B.TheyenjoyedexploringnewplacesC.Theylivedwiththeirgrandmothers. D.Theywerebroughttothereserveyoung7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutPornLympneReserve?A.Therhinosectionwillbeopentothepublic.B.Itaimstocontrolthenumberoftheanimals.C.ItwillcontinuetoworkwiththeWorldWildlifeFund.D.Someofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheprotectedwildareas.2.【2021·全国乙卷·A】TheBiggestStadiumsintheWorldPeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.Inaround80A.D.,theRomansbuilttheColosseum,whichremainstheworld’sbestknownstadiumandcontinuestoinformcontemporarydesign.Rome’sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating50,000people.However,thatwassmallfrycomparedwiththecity’sCircusMaximus,whichaccommodatedaround250,000people.Thesedays,safetyregulations-nottomentionthemodernsportsfan’sdesireforagoodviewandcomfortableseat—tendtokeepstadiumcapacities（容量）slightlylower.Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseateach;gonearethedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranksthembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites.Allthesestadiumsarestillfuntiona1,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.·Rungrado1stofMayStadium,PyongyangD.P.R.Korea.Capacity:150,000.Opened:May1,1989.·MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107,601.Opened:October1,1927.·BeaverStadium,StateCollege,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September17,1960.·OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October7,1922.·KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity:102,512.Opened:September24,1927.21.HowmanypeoplecouldtheCircusMaximushold?A.104,944. B.107,601. C.About150,000. D.About250,000.22.Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest?A.MichiganStadium. B.BeaverStadium. C.OhioStadium. D.KyleField.23.Whatdothelistedstadiumshaveincommon?A.Theyhostbiggames. B.Theyhavebecometouristattractions.C.TheywerebuiltbyAmericans. D.Theyarefavoredbyarchitects.3.【2021·全国乙卷·B】Whenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingforalandline（座机）?Thesedaysyou’dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn’townamobilephone.Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter（29%）relyonlyontheirsmartphonesaccordingtoasurvey（调查）.OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatit’snotreallynecessaryandthey’rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallyafactor（因素）—only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswho’veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisn’ttheonlyfactor;I’dsayit’salsotodowiththemakeupofyourhousehold.GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscallingbeforewepickupthephone（usingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit）.Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries?24.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephones?A.Theirtargetusers. B.Theirwidepopularity.C.Theirmajorfunctions. D.Theircomplexdesign.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“concede”inparagraph3mean?A.Admit. B.Argue.C.Remember. D.Remark.26.WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomers?A.Theylikesmartphonegames. B.Theyenjoyguessingcallers’identity.C.Theykeepusinglandlinephones. D.Theyareattachedtotheirfamily.27.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?A.Itremainsafamilynecessity.B.Itwillfalloutofusesomeday.C.Itmayincreasedailyexpenses.D.Itisasimportantasthegaslight.4.【2021·全国乙卷·C】You’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse,”apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource（来源）ofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat’spartofVonWong’sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（说明）aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic,”VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped（倾倒）fromatruckallatonce.VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.28.WhatareVonWong’sartworksintendedfor?A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin. B.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste. D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.29.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.B.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.30.Whateffectwould“TruckloadofPlastic”haveonviewers?A.Calming. B.Disturbing.C.Refreshing. D.Challenging.31Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Artists’OpinionsonPlasticSafetyB.MediaInterestinContemporaryArtC.ResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompaniesD.OceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculptures5.【2021·全国乙卷·D】Duringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoften.Annoyedbythelevelofdistraction（干扰）inhisopenoffice,hesaid,“That’swhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthestreet—soIcanfocus”.Hiscommentstruckmeasstrange.Afterall,coworkingspacesalsotypicallyuseanopenofficelayout（布局）.ButIrecentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworks.Theresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsofcreativethinking.Theywererandomlydividedintofourgroupsandexposedtovariousnoiselevelsinthebackground,fromtotalsilenceto50decibels（分贝）,70decibels,and85decibels.Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswerestatisticallyinsignificant;however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—thoseexposedtoalevelofnoisesimilartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshop—significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.Sincetheeffectsweresmall,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85decibelsofbackgroundnoise.Butsincetheresultsat70decibelsweresignificant,thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelofbackgroundnoise—nottooloudandnottotalsilence—mayactuallyimproveone’screativethinkingability.Therightlevelofbackgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsofthinkingjustenoughtoallowourimaginationstowander,withoutmakingitimpossibletofocus.Thiskindof“distractedfocus”appearstobethebeststateforworkingoncreativetasks.Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecan’tstopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers’conversationswhilewe’retryingtofocus.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatface-to-faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspaceoracoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.32.Whydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspace?A.Ithelpshimconcentrate. B.Itblocksoutbackgroundnoise.C.Ithasapleasantatmosphere. D.Itencouragesface-to-faceinteractions.33.Whichlevelofbackgroundnoisemaypromotecreativethinkingability?A.Totalsilence. B.50decibels C.70decibels. D.85decibels.34.Whatmakesanopenofficeunwelcometomanypeople?A.Personalprivacyunprotected. B.Limitedworkingspace.C.Restrictionsongroupdiscussion. D.Constantinterruptions.35.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.He’sanewsreporter.B.He’sanofficemanager.C.He’saprofessionaldesigner.D.He’sapublishedwriter.6.【2021·新高考I卷·C】WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct(Act),anincreasinglyconcernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory(迁徙的)waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N.“Ding”Darling,apoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoines,lowa,whoatthattimewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresources.About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.28.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?A.Lossofwetlands. B.Popularityofwatersports.C.Pollutionofrivers. D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Acquire. B.Export.C.Destroy. D.Distribute.30.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?A.Thestamppricehasgonedown. B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting. D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.31.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheFederalDuckStampStory B.TheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystemC.TheBenefitsofSavingWaterfowl D.TheHistoryofMigratoryBirdHunting7.【2021·新高考I卷·D】Popularizationhasinsomecaseschangedtheoriginalmeaningofemotional(情感的)intellingence.Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableinaperson'smakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtest,suchascharacter,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand“peopleskills.”Researchhasshownthatemotionalskillsmaycontributetosomeofthesequalities,butmostofthemmovefarbeyondskill-basedemotionalintelligence.Weprefertodescribeemotionalintelligenceasaspecificsetofskillsthatcanbeusedforeithergoodorbadpurposes.Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothersarefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatients,whileacheatermightuseittocontrolpotentialvictims.Beingemotionallyintelligentdoesnotnecessarilymakeoneamoralperson.Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhatresearchcanreasonablysupport,theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful.Themostpositiveaspectofthispopularizationisanewandmuchneededemphasis(重视)onemotionbyemployers,educatorsandothersinterestedinpromotingsocialwell-being.Thepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublicandresearchersre-evaluatethefunctionalityofemotionsandhowtheyservepeopleadaptivelyineverydaylife.Althoughthecontinuingpopularappealofemotionalintelligenceisdesirable,wehopethatsuchattentionwillexciteagreaterinterestinthescientificandscholarlystudyofemotion.Itisourhopethatincomingdecades,advancesinsciencewilloffernewperspectives(视角)fromwhichtostudyhowpeoplemanagetheirlives.Emotionalintelligence,withitsfocusonbothheadandheart,mayservetopointusintherightdirection.32.Whatisacommonmisunderstandingofemotionalintelligence?A.ItcanbemeasuredbyanIQtest. B.Ithelpstoexerciseaperson’smind.C.Itincludesasetofemotionalskills. D.Itreferstoaperson’spositivequalities.33.Whydoestheauthormention“doctor”and“cheater”inparagraph2?A.Toexplainarule. B.Toclarifyaconcept.C.Topresentafact. D.Tomakeaprediction.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothepopularizationofemotionalintelligence?A.Favorable. B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerningemotionalintelligence?A.Itsappealtothepublic. B.Expectationsforfuturestudies.C.Itspracticalapplication. D.Scientistswithnewperspectives.4.【2021·浙江卷·C】Ifyouevergettheimpressionthatyourdogcan"tell"whetheryoulookcontentorannoyed,youmaybeontosomething.Dogsmayindeedbeabletodistinguishbetweenhappyandangryhumanfaces,accordingtoanewstudyResearcherstrainedagroupof11dogstodistinguishbetweenimages(图像)ofthesamepersonmakingeitherahappyoranangryface.Duringthetrainingstage,eachdogwasshownonlytheupperhalforthelowerhalfoftheperson'sface.Theresearchersthentestedthedogs'abilitytodistinguishbetweenhumanfacialexpressionsbyshowingthemtheotherhalfoftheperson'sfaceonimagestotallydifferentfromtheonesusedintraining.Theresearchersfoundthatthedogswereabletopicktheangryorhappyfacebytouchingapictureofitwiththeirnosesmoreoftenthanonewouldexpectbyrandomchance.Thestudyshowedtheanimalshadfiguredouthowtoapplywhattheylearnedabouthumanfacesduringtrainingtonewfacesinthetestingstage."Wecanruleoutthatthedogssimplydistinguishbetweenthepicturesbasedonasimplecue,suchasthesightofteeth,"saidstudyauthorCorsinMuller."Instead,ourresultssuggestthatthesuccessfuldogsrealizedthatasmilingmouthmeansthesamethingassmilingeyes,andthesameruleappliestoanangrymouthhavingthesamemeaningasangryeyes.""Withourstudy,wethinkwecannowconfidentlyconcludethatatleastsomedogscandistinguishhumanfacialexpressions,"MullertoldLiveScience.Atthispoint,itisnotclearwhydogsseemtobeequippedwiththeabilitytorecognizedifferentfacialexpressionsinhumans."Tous,themostlikelyexplanationappearstobethatthebasisliesintheirlivingwithhumans,whichgivesthemalotofexposuretohumanfacialexpressions,"andthisexposurehasprovidedthemwithmanychancestolearntodistinguishbetweenthem,Mullersaid.8.Thenewstudyfocusedonwhetherdogscan_________.A.distinguishshapes B.makesenseofhumanfacesC.feelhappyorangry D.communicatewitheachother9.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudyfromparagraph2?A.Researcherstestedthedogsinrandomorder.B.Diversemethodswereadoptedduringtraining.C.PicturesusedinthetwostagesweredifferentD.Thedogswerephotographedbeforethelest.10.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Asuggestionforfuturestudies. B.Apossiblereasonforthestudyfindings.C.Amajorlimitationofthestudy D.Anexplanationoftheresearchmethod.5.【2021·浙江卷（1月）·B】Atthestartofthe20thcentury,anAmericanengineernamedJohnElfrethWatkinsmadepredictionsaboutlifetoday.Hispredictionsaboutslowingpopulationgrowth,mobilephonesandincreasingheightwereclosetothemark.Buthewaswronginoneprediction:thateverybodywouldwalk10milesaday.Today,inAustralia,mostchildrenonaveragefall2,000stepsshortofthephysicalactivitytheyneedtoavoidbeingoverweight.Intheearly1970s,40percentofchildrenwalkedtoschool,whilein2010,itwasaslowas15percent.Thedeclineisnotbecausewehaveallbecomelazy.Familiesarepressedfortime,manywithbothparentsworkingtopayfortheirhouse,oftenworkinghoursnotoftheirchoosing,livingincar-dependentneighborhoodswithlimitedpublictransport.Theothersideofthecoinisequallyadeprivation:forhealthandwell-being,aswellaslostopportunities（机会）forchildrentogettoknowtheirlocalsurroundings.Andforparentstherearelostopportunitiestowalkandtalkwiththeiryoungscholarabouttheirday.Mostparentswillhaveeagerlyaskedtheirchildabouttheirday,onlytomeetwitha“good”,quicklyfollowedby"I'mhungry".Thisisalsomyexperienceasamother.Butsomewhereoverthedailywalkmoreaboutmyson'sdaycomesout.Ihearhimmakingsenseoffriendshipanditslimits.Thisistheunexpectedandrareparentalopportunitytohearmore.Manyprimaryschoolssupportwalkingschool-busroutes（路线）,withdaysofregular,parent-accompaniedwalks.Doingjustoneoftheseafewtimesaweekisbetterthannothing.Itcanbetoughtobeginandtakesalittleplanning-runningshoesbythefrontdoor,lunchesmadethenightbefore,umbrellasonrainydaysandhatsonhotones-butit'scertainlyworthtrying.4．WhydoestheauthormentionWatkins'predictionsinthefirstparagraph?A．Tomakecomparisons. B．Tointroducethetopic.C．Tosupportherargument. D．Toprovideexamples.5．WhathascausedthedecreaseinAustralianchildren'sphysicalactivity?A．Plainlaziness. B．Healthproblems.C．Lackoftime. D．Securityconcerns.6．Whydoestheauthorfindwalkingwithhersonworthwhile?A．Shecangetrelaxedafterwork. B．Shecankeepphysicallyfit.C．Shecanhelpwithherson'sstudy. D．Shecanknowhersonbetter.6.【2021·浙江卷（1月）·C】Researcherssaytheyhavetranslatedthemeaningofgesturesthatwildchimpanzees(黑猩猩)usetocommunicate.Theysaywildchimpscommunicate19specificmessagestooneanotherwitha"vocabulary"of66gestures.ThescientistsdiscoveredthisbyfollowingandfilminggroupsofchimpsinUganda,andexaminingmorethan5,000incidentsofthesemeaningfulexchanges.DrCatherineHobaiter,wholedtheresearch,saidthatthiswastheonlyformofintentionalcommunicationtoberecordedintheanimalkingdom.Onlyhumansandchimps,shesaid,hadasystemofcommunicationwheretheydeliberatelysentamessagetoanothergroupmember."That'swhat'ssoamazingaboutchimpgestures,"shesaid."They'retheonlythingthatlookslikehumanlanguageinthatrespect.”Althoughpreviousresearchhasshownthatapesandmonkeyscanunderstandcomplexinformationfromanotheranimal'scall,theanimalsdonotappeartousetheirvoicesintentionallytocommunicatemessages.Thiswasasignificantdifferencebetweencallsandgestures,DrHobaitersaid.Chimpswillchecktoseeiftheyhavetheattentionoftheanimalwithwhichtheywishtocommunicate.Inonecase,amotherpresentsherfoottohercryingbaby,signaling:"Climbonme."Theyoungsterimmediatelyjumpsontoitsmothersbackandtheytravelofftogether."Thebigmessagefromthisstudyisthatthereisanotherspecies(物种)outthere.thatismeaningfulinitscommunication,sothat'snotuniquetohumans,"saidDrHobaiter.DrSusanneShultz,anevolutionarybiologistfromtheUniversityofManchester,saidthestudywaspraiseworthyinseekingtoenrichourknowledgeoftheevolutionofhumanlanguage.But,sheadded,theresultswere"alittledisappointing"."Thevaguenessofthegesturemeaningssuggestseitherthatthechimpshavelittletocommunicate,orwearestillmissingalotoftheinformationcontainedintheirgesturesandactions,"shesaid."Moreover,themeaningsseemtonotgobeyondwhatotheranimalconveywithnon-verbalcommunication.So,itseemsthegulfremains."7．WhatdochimpsandhumanshaveincommonaccordingtoDrHobaiter?A．Memorizingspecificwords. B．Understandingcomplexinformation.C．Usingvoicestocommunicate. D．Communicatingmessagesonpurpose.8．WhatdidDrShultzthinkofthestudy?A．Itwaswelldesignedbutpoorlyconducted.B．Itwasagoodtrybutthefindingswerelimited.C．Itwasinspiringbuttheevidencewasunreliable.D．Itwasafailurebutthemethodsdeservedpraise.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"gulf"inthelastparagraphmean?A．Difference. B．Conflict. C．Balance. D．Connection.10．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ChimpanzeebehaviourstudyachievedabreakthroughB．ChimpanzeesdevelopedspecificcommunicationskillsC．Chimpanzees:thesmartestspeciesintheanimalkingdomD．Chimpanzeelanguage:communicationgesturestranslated7.【2021·天津卷·C】AtrialprojectbytheMontrealChildren'sHospitalsuggestedthattheuseofmedicalhypnosis(催眠)canreducepainandanxietyinpatients.Theprojectalsoresultedinareductionintheamountofmedicinesusedtoperformmedical-imagingimaging(医学影像)procedures.“Duringtheexaminationchildrendon'tmove.Itworksperfectly.It'samazing,“saidJohanneL'Ecuyer,amedical-imagingtechnologistatthehospital.TheprojectwasinspiredbyaFrenchteamfromRouenUniversityHospitalCentrewhereexaminationsaredoneunderhypnosisinsteadofgeneralanesthesia(麻醉）.AFrenchmedical-imagingtechnologist-alsoahypnotist—wasinvitedtotrainafewmembersinthemedical-imagingdepartmentofthechildren'shospital.Inall,80examinationswereconductedfortheprojectbetweenJanuaryandSeptember,2019,focusingontheimagingproceduresthatwouldcauseanxiety.Hypnosisisnotastateofsleep:Itisratheramodified(改变的)stateofconsciousness.Thetechnologistwillguidethepatienttothismodifiedstate—animaginaryworldthatwilldisassociateitselfmoreandmorefromtheprocedurethatfollows.“Thetechnologistmustbuildupastorywiththepatient,"Ms.L'Ecuyersaid."Thepatientisleftwiththepowertochoosewhathewantstotalkabout.Doyouplaysports?Doyoulikegoingtothebeach?Weestablishasubjectthatwewilldiscussthroughouttheprocedure."Everythingthathappensnextduringtheproceduremustberelatedtothisstory—aninjection（注射）becomesthebiteofaninsect;theheatontheskinbecomesthesensationofthesunandamachinethatringsbecomesapolicecarpassingnearby.“Theimportantthingisthatthetechnologistassociateswhatishappeningoutsidethepatient'sbodywithwhatthepatientseesinhishead,"Ms.L'Ecuyersaid."Itrequirescreativityonthepartofthetechnologist,imagination,alotofpatienceandkindness."TheprocedureappealedtothestaffalotwhenitwasintroducedinJanuary.ItspreadlikewildfirethatsomeonefromFrancewasheretotrainthetechnologists,"Ms.L'Ecuyersaid.Sheaddedthatshehadalineofstaffatherdoorwantingtotakethetraining.45．Oneoftheresultsproducedbythetrialprojectis________.A．abetterunderstandingofchildrenB．lessuseofcertainmedicinesC．newmedical-imagingtechnologyD．animprovedreputationofthehospital46．TheFrenchtechnologistcametothechildren'shospitalto________.A．assistintreatingapatientB．carryouthypnosistrainingC．star