2020年高考选择题专项集训 英语(十五)

一、阅读理解From1990to2000,fishermenseekingswordfishoffthecoastofCaliforniaaccidentallycaughtandkilledover100seaturtles,andinjuredmanymore.In2001,thefederalgovernmentestablishedthePacificLeatherbackConservationArea(PLCA),aregionoffthecoastofCaliforniawherefishingboatsaren’tallowedtoenterfromAugustthroughNovember.Sincethen,thenumberofturtleskilledbymistakehasfallenrapidly,butahandfulofanimalsstilldiefrombeingcaughtinfishingnetseachyear.Andmeanwhile,theonce$15millionswordfishindustryhasbecomea$2millionindustry.Scientistsarehopingtofindawaytobothprotectseaturtlesandotherendangeredcreaturesandhelpfishermenmakealiving.Forthis,manyarelookingatdynamic(

动

态的)oceanmanagementtohelpfishingboatsmeetfishwheretheyareandavoidcatchingotherfishbymistake.Thefirstpapertosuggestthatthefishthatliveintheopenoceanshouldbeguardedwithfluid,everchangingzonesofprotection,cameoutin2000.LarryCrowder,aprofessoratHopkinsMarineStation,remembersreadingitandthinking,“Coolidea,butitwillneverwork.”In2000,scientistsdidn’thavethecomputerpowertocheaplyteststatisticalmodelsordealwithsatellitedataquickly.Theydidn’thaveenoughdatadealingwithfishorsatellitedataonoceanconditions,either.Nowscientistscandownloadoceansofsatellitedatainminutes,andattachsatellitearchivaltags(档案

标

签

)tomarine(

海

洋的)animalstotracktheirmovements.Theyfirstcollectdatabymarkingthecreatures,collectingreportsfromfishingboats,orothertrackingmethods.Thentheycomparethatdatawithweatherconditions,thetimeofyear,andanyotherdatathatcanbesensed.Finally,theycanforecastwherefisharelikelytobe.CrowderandhiscolleaguesusedthedatatodevelopatoolcalledEcoCast,whichshowsfishermenadailymapwheretherearemorefishtheydesire.Accordingtostatisticalmodeling,iffishershadusedEcoCastduringthe2012and2015fishingseasons,theycouldhavefishedinatleast125,000moresquaremilesthanwereopentothem,withoutsignificantriskofhurtingturtles.1.ThefederalgovernmenthopesthePLCAanditsrulescan_________.A.preventfishinginthePLCAB.helpcollectdataforfutureresearches

C.protectthecreaturesintheareatosomedegreeD.makethepublicrealizetheimportanceofourenvironment2.WhatdidLarryCrowderthinkofdynamicoceanmanagementatfirst?A.Itwasunrealistic.C.Itwaspossible.3.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellus?

B.Itwasstupid.D.Itwasinteresting.A.Aneffectivewaytocollectdata.B.Somefruitsintherelatedtechnology.C.Ascientificmethodtofindspecificspecies.D.Thewaydynamicoceanmanagementworks.4.WhatshouldbetheadvantageofusingEcoCast?A.Itprotectsthemarineenvironmentfrompollution.B.Itreducestheriskofnationaleconomicalloss.C.Itpreventsfishermenfromgettinglostwhilefishing.D.Itbothprotectsoceananimalsandsupportsfishery.二、七选五Itseemsthattheissueoverbatsisonewheremanyhumansaredivided.1.However,thosethatknowaboutthebatsinmoredetailsaretheonesthatfindittobeafascinatingcreature.Rabies(

狂

犬病)isoftenthoughttobecarriedbydogs.However,batscarryittooandmorepeopleareinfectedbyitannuallythanbydogs.Abatcanbiteahumanastheysleepandthepersonmaynotevenfeelit.2.Careshouldbetakenabouthowareaswherebatswerelivingarecleaned.Infact,itisbesttoallowaprofessionaltocleanupthewastethathavebeenleftbehind.3.Itcanalsoresultindustfromoldwastereleasingharmfulpiecesthatgetbreathedin.4.Forexample,insomeareasfarmerspayforthebatcavestobeminedforfertilizer(肥料).Batsalsokeepourenvironmentfreefromvariousinsects.Couldyouimaginehowmanyofthemwouldbearoundifthereweren’tthousandsofbatsouteverysinglenightconsumingthem?Itcouldquicklybeanightmarethatgetsoutofcontrol.Humansmustfindawaytobeinbalancewithbats.Batsmakeuponefifthoftheworldisquitesomething.5.

A.Itisveryimportantforustofindaproperplacetosleep.B.Othersarefondofthecreaturewithsharpteethflyinginthesky.C.Manypeopleareafraidofthemduetowhattheyhaveheardaboutthem.D.Inadequatecleaningcanleadtoserioushealthproblemsforfamilymembers.E.Therearesomepositiveelementsofhumansandbatsthathavebeenrecorded.F.Therefore,childrenareespeciallyaconcernwhenitcomestorabiesfrombats.G.Identifyinglocationswherethesecreaturescanlivepeacefullyispartofthatbalance.三、完形填空Iwokeupbymydogbarkingintheearlymorning.Iwentoutsidetofindakoala(

考拉

)attheyardgatewantingtoenter.ItwasthefirsttimethatIhad

1akoalainmyneighborhood.Whatawelcome2Iwaswonderingwhyhewashere,asKoala

3camedownfromthetreesanddidn’tlikewalking,either.4,therewasnoeucalyptus(树around.Washehungryorlost?OrmaybethebushfireacrossKangarooIsland5himhere?Hejustsatthere,apparently6,andsortoflookedatmewithalook,likehelpingmeoutofmysuffering.Ata(n)7look,Idiscoveredalongcutathisbackwithbloods,ofattacksorcutsofsomethingsharpinsomeotherway.

8Irushedintomyroomandcameoutwithsomeiodophor(伏水),Itwasnota9problemsasIwasanurse.Thispoorsoulseemedtoquite10mykindnesswhenI11thecutwiththeliquid.It12methathecametoseekmy13!Afterthetreatment,Iwatchedthekoalafinally14inthewild,hopinghewasableto15thehardtimeandlivehislifeasheshould.1.A.grabbed2.A.chance3.A.frequently4.A.Oncemore5.A.pursued6.A.inpain7.A.quick

B.encounteredB.reliefB.slightlyB.EversinceB.droveB.inorderB.close

C.investigatedC.surpriseC.mostlyC.JustthenC.followedC.incomfortC.eager

D.tackledD.messageD.rarelyD.ThenagainD.castD.indisappointmentD.anxious

8.A.features9.A.crucial10.A.ignore11.A.touched12.A.appealedto13.A.help14.A.exploring15.A.experience

B.symbolsB.smallB.answerB.feltB.referredtoB.adviceB.rushingB.survive

C.signsC.distinctC.understandC.tappedC.occurredtoC.approvalC.joggingC.escape

D.seriesD.trickyD.anticipateD.treatedD.addressedtoD.fortuneD.disappearingD.have一、阅读理解【答案】14CADD【解析这篇说明文学希望找到一种既能保护海龟和其他濒危动物帮助渔民谋生的方法。文章介绍了动海洋管理的一些方法措施。1.

推

理

判

断

题。

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据

第

一

段

中“In2001,thefederalgovernmentestablishedthePacificLeatherbackConservationArea(PLCA),aregionoffthecoastofCaliforniawherefishingboatsaren’tallowedtoenterfromAugustthroughNovember.Sincethen,thenumberofturtleskilledbymistakehasfallenrapidly,butahandfulofanimalsstilldiefrombeingcaughtinfishingnetseachyear.2001年邦政府建立了太平洋棱皮龟保护(PLCA)这是加利福尼亚海岸附近的一个区域，8月11月渔船是不允许进入的。从那以后，海龟被误杀的数量迅速下降，但每年仍少数动物死于被渔网误捕）由此推知，联邦政府希望PLCA其规则能在一定程度上护该地区的动物。故选2.推理判断题。根据第三段“Coolidea,butitwillneverwork.好意但不可知，拉克德最为动态洋管理是不切合实际的。故选A3.段落大意题。根据第四段（现，科学家们可以在几分钟内下载大量的卫星数据，并将卫星档案标签贴在海洋动物身踪们的活动们先标记生物集船报告或其他跟踪方法来收集数据们将这些数据与天气状况的某些时间以及任何其他可以追踪到的数据进行比。最后，他们可以预测鱼可能在哪里知四段讲述的是动态海洋管理的工作式。故选D。节理解题。根据最后一段（Crowder和同事利用这数据开发了一种叫做EcoCast的，它以向渔民展示他们想要的鱼群聚集地的每日地图。根据统计模，如果渔民在2012和2015年的捕季节使用了他们可在比开放水域至少多12.5

万平方英里的海域捕鱼不会伤害海龟的重大风险优势是既保护海洋动物又支持渔业。故选D。二、七选五【答案】15CFDEG【解析本一篇说明文章要绍蝙给类来好坏处说明人类要找到与蝙蝠保持平衡的方法。1.

根

据

后

一

句“However,thosethatknowaboutthebatsinmoredetailsaretheonesthatfindittobeafascinatingcreature.可知那道蝙蝠更多细节的发现它是一种迷人的生物（多因听关蝙蝠些而害怕他们）承启，C项中的“them”文的“bats，和“heardaboutthem下文的“knowaboutthebats相应，符合语。故选项2.

根

据

第

二

段

第

一

二

句

“Rabies(

狂

犬病)isoftenthoughttobecarriedbydogs.However,batscarryittooandmorepeopleareinfectedbyitannuallythanbydogs.可狂犬病通常被认为是由狗传播的。然而，蝙蝠也会传染它，且每因蝙蝠而感染狂犬病毒的人比因狗而病的人多项因，蝙引犬病时，儿童尤其令人担忧中的“rabiesfrombats与文中的“batscarryittoo相。故选。根据前一句“Infact,itisbesttoallowaprofessionaltocleanupthewastethathavebeenleftbehind.”可知，事实上，最让专业人士来清留下来的垃圾。据后一句“Itcanalsoresultindustfromoldwastereleasingharmfulpiecesthatgetbreathedin.，它还能导致旧垃圾中的灰尘释放出可吸入有害物质清不当会给家庭成员带来严重的健康问题）承上启下D项“Inadequatecleaningcanleadto与文“Itcanalsoresultin相应且上文也提“cleanup，合境故D项。4.根据后两句“Forexample,insomeareasfarmerspayforthebatcavestobeminedforfertilizer(肥料.Batsalsokeepourenvironmentfreefromvariousinsects.如一地为开采蝙蝠洞购买肥料而付钱。蝙蝠也使我的环境免受各种昆虫的侵害（有一些人类和蝙蝠之间的积极面被记录下来）总结文内容，符合语境。故E5.根据最后一段第一“Humansmustfindawaytobeinbalancewithbats.类须找到与蝙蝠保持平衡的方法项（确定这些生和平生活的地点是维持平衡的一部分）承接上文G项“thatbalance上文“balance，合境故G项。

三、完形填空【答案】1115DCADB【解析篇文述是只伤考来作家近寻求帮助的故事。作者是一名护士，为他疗伤，然放他回归大自然。1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这我第一次在我家附近碰到考拉A.grabbed抓，获B.encountered遇C.investigated研，调查决，处理。根据第1后的“akoalainmyneighborhood可，此处到拉。故选。2.查名词词义辨析。句意：多令人吃惊啊!A.chance机B.relief安，解C.surprise惊D.message消根3前的“Iwaswonderingwhyhewashere可附近遇到考拉是令“惊”。故选C。3.考词词义辨析。句意：我知道他为什么会在这里，因为考拉很少从树上下来，也不喜欢走路A.frequently频地B.slightly微地C.mostly主D.rarely很，难得。根据第3后“didn’tlikewalking,either可，拉少从树上下来。故选D4.考查词组意有桉树次从时现在C.Justthen就那时其有据4空的桉树around.可此处指很少见到考拉的另一个理由，这里应该“次，还”。故选D。5.考查动词词义辨析的丛林大火把他逼到了这?A.pursued追获得；B.drove逼驾驶C.followed跟随；D.cast投。第前的“thebushfireacrossKangarooIsland可此处指大火把逼了里。选。6.考查固定短语辨析。句意：他是坐在那里，显然很痛苦，看着我，好像在让我帮助他摆脱痛苦A.inpain痛苦B.inorder整齐；舒地；D.indisappointment失地。根据第6后“likehelpingmeoutofmysuffering.可知，他“苦。故选A。7.考查形容词词义辨析一现的部一长伤口迹看着像被其他动物攻击了或被什锋利的东西割伤了迅的B.close的，紧密的；C.eager

渴望的；D.anxious

焦虑的。根据第

7

空后的“Idiscoveredalongcutathisbackwithbloods知，此处“近看考拉。故选B8.考词词义辨析。句意：仔一看，我发现他的背部有一道长长的伤口，有血迹，看着像被其他动物攻击了或被什锋利的