研究生英语多维教程熟谙课后答案

研究生英语系列教程·多维教程·熟谙－英语课后答案BookII

Unit1

A.

1.

assess

2.

alliance

3.

outcome

4.

ethical

5.

identity

6.

ambiguous

7.

tolerable

8.

participates

9.

pursuit

10.

constructive

B.

1.

atstake

2.

wereobliged

3.

theclimateof

4.

feelwell-equipped

5.

beyondmygrasp

6.

cutback

7.

otherthan

8.

riseabove

9.

careabout

10.

isbounded

C.

1.

incompetent

2.

indulgence

3.

migrants

4.

probes

5.

complex

6.

suspense;engaged

7.

compassionate;committed

8.

tolerant

9.

tempted

10.

interconnected

D.

1.

A.Judgingfrom

2.

B.inwhich

3.

C.and

4.

D.believe

5.

A.isoneof/isthatof

6.

B.mustget

7.

C.likely

8.

D.unemployed

9.

C.aswellas/and

10.

B.simpler

E.

1.

what

2.

graduation

3.

intend

4.

getting

5.

eventually

6.

survey

7.

although

8.

graduates

9.

transfer

10.

rise

11.

attending

12.

instead

13.

cause

14.

because

15.

attending

16.

below

17.

failure

18.

expectations

19.

confidence

20.

education

KeytothetranslationfromEnglishtoChinese:

1.

德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反映。||没有挑战就没有反

应，没有发展，没有自由。||所以，我们一方面应当在我们孩子的能力允许的范围内为他们

开设最严格最富有挑战性的课程。

2.

我们可以向我们的孩子提供第二个机会是允许他们有失败的权力。||德.纽伊写道：“不

仅是一种特权，也是一种考验。”假如没有人可以失败，那它算什么考验，算什么自由呢

3美国可以向所有在高中读者完四年课程而不管其是否取得任何明显收获的学生发放毕

业文凭的日子已经一去不复返了。||我们现在生活在一个外变得很狭隘的世界里，们必须

同对现实保持警惕，有所结识；而现实主义规定树立一个要么成功要么失败的标准。||这

些话听起来很刺耳，但都是残酷的事实。假如我们剥夺了孩子的失败权力，事实上我们就

剥夺了他们如实地结识世界的机会。

KeytothetranslationfromChinesetoEnglish:

1.

Today'suniversitystudentsarestrugglingtoestablishthemselves,butthe

ystillhaveambiguousfeelingsabouttheirfuture.

2.

Amancannotfindhimselfwithoutfindingacenterbeyondhi.Sotheideali

smoftheundergraduateexperiencemusthelpthestudenttranscendhimself.

3.

Weeagerlyhopethatthelessonsleanedintheuniversitywillrevealthemselvesinourperformanceintheworkplaceandfurthereducation.

4.

Itcannotgounchallengedtosaythatthe4-yearundergraduateexperienceistheonlypathtosuccessinlife.

5.

Weruntheriskofmakingcriticaldecisions,notonthebasisofwhatweknow,thefindingsofinvestigations,andthedataofexperiments,butonthebasisofblindfaithinprofessedexperts.

6.

Ourtaskneedsalargegroupofwell-informed,caringyoungpeoplewhocanbandtogether,learnfromeachother,andactivelyparticipateinthefourmodernizations.

7.

Ifitistoendure,thenewschoolshouldhelpthestudentsnotonlyacquireasoldbasiceducationandbecomecompetentinaspecificfield,butalsobereadytocommitthemselvestoothers.

8.

Itisnottoomuchtosaythatifundergraduatesexcessivelydevotethemselvestoexaminations,thewillpushcompetenceandcommitmenttothefringes.

9.

Ididn'tevenspeaktohim;muchlessdiscussthereconstructionofyourschoolwithhim.

10.

Somepeoplethinkexaminationsaresecondtonone,butsomethinkexaminationshavealotofdisadvantages.Examinationsleaveusanopenessentialquestion---whatinfluencedoexaminationsexertoneducation?

ReadingPractice:

1.C2.A3.A4.D.5.BUnit2

A.

1-H

2-I

3-A

4-E

5-K

6-N

7-L

8-G

9-D

10-C

B.

1.perception

2.responsibility

3.organizational

4.marketing

5.strategies

6.assets

7.transitions

8.dilemma

9.Rivalry

10.compensation

11.whiz

12.invaluable

C.

1.Justify,justification,justifiable,justifiably,justified

2.strategic,strategy,Strategics/Strategy,strategists,strategized,strateg

ically

3.finance,financial,financier,finance,Financially

4.resentful,resents,resentment,resentfully

5.perceive,perception,perceptible,perceptive,perceptibly

6.diverse,diversify,diversity,diversification,diversified

7.destroyed,destructive,destruction,destructionist,destroyers,destroying

,destructible

8.markets,marketable,markets,marketing,marketer

9.prosperity,prospering,prosperous,prosperously

10.derived,derive,derivative,derivatives

D.

1.

A.itevenharder

2.

A.that

3.

C.nottakingenoughexercise

4.

C.tohavegonebackon

5.

B.functioning

6.

D.on

7.

A.objecttoseeing

8.

B.togowithit

9.

A.toexpanding

10.

A.anxiouslyawaiting

E.

1.

manufacturers

2.

natural

3.

treatment

4.

experienced

5.

approached

6.

relatively

7.

global

8.

chaired

9.

sustainable

10.

vision

11.

extended

12.

improving

13.

accomplish

14.

array

15.

involvement

16.

activity

17.

rewarded

18.

proposals

19.

domestic

20.

competitors

KeytotheTranslationfromEnglishtoChinese:

Ａ

业主/公司创建者不仅进取心强，并且精力充沛。||他们往往擅长于多种技能。在很多情

况之下，他们即是生产专家又是营销天才或经验丰富的金融家。||要接替他们的工作则需

要很多的人。||因此家庭公司主应当通过制定组织机构图来明确规定该公司如何运作。|

|参予交接过程的每个重要成员也应当制定他们自己的组织构图。然后,对它们进行比较

。||各机构之间的不同点将表白管理体制上的差异、存在误会的重要方面及观念上分歧。

Ｂ

没有忠心耿耿雇员,很少公司可以发展壮大，||即使是家庭公司也是如此。这些尽职的雇

员多半担任了重要管理职务。||因此，应当将关于产业继承的长远计划随时通报给他们，

||而重要的公司管理人员必须清楚知道他们在产业交接管理机构中的职责。||改善公司

的劳保福利制度以吸引和留住重要部门经理,激发他们的积极性,使他们能为公司和业主的

最大利益而工作

KeytotheTranslationformChinesetoEnglish:

1.Heisanexperiencedbankerandanacknowledgedtradeexpert,nottomentionanexcellentmanagingdirector.

2.Regardlessofdanger,volunteersfromanItalianorganizationforpeacehavegonetoBaghdad,thecapitalofIraq,toforma"bodyshield"forthepurposeofpreventingtheUSfrombombingtheplace.

3.NobodyinthefamilyismorededicatedtooperatingtherealestatebusinessthanJudy.

4.Becauseoftheeconomicdepression,realestateagentsareinthedilemmaofwhethertolowerpricesorletsalesfalloff.

5.Moreoftenthannot,Mr.Smithearnsgreatprofitsbycarefulinvestmentofhiscapital.

6.Johndidnotmakemuchofamarkinhisstudiesatschool,butheexcelled

atsports.

7.Ordrlytransitionofresponsibilitiesisaconditionforthelong-rangeprosperityofafamilybusiness.

8.Youhadbetterhaveaclearpictureofprospectsbeforeformulatingaplanforinvestment.

9.Althoughsculptureisatime-consumingart,therearestillsomepeoplefollowingitasaprofession.

10.Thesoftwarecompanyisinthemidstofbeingtransformedfromanindividualproprietorshiptoajointventure.

Q11)Planasuccessionmanagement.2)Definefamilyemploymentpractices3)E

stablishandmaintainfamilyharmony4)Plantheestate.

Q21)Seatinganoutsideboardofdirectors.2)Developingafamilybusinessv

isiondocument.3)Holdingfamilycouncilmeetings.

Unit3

SuggestedKeytoVocabularyandStructure

A.1-d2-f3-j4-a5-i6-h7-g8-e9-c10-b

1.mobility2.toll3.accommodate4.landscape5.sprawled6.implement7.le

gitimate8.transit9.electrified10.pickup

B.1.Integral2.betteroff3.sprawling4.emissions5.metropolitan6.ban7

.commuters8.clutter9.accommodate10.displaced

C.1.fromcoasttocoast2.thegreatunwashed3.revere4.denounce5.toreup

6.Shortof7.arenotedfor8.constriction9.wasguiltyof10.welloff

D.1.C.overcrowded2.B.worthy3.A.sitting4.D.recovered5.D.innonsmo

kersandnondrinkers6.D.poured7.B.unawareof8.C.recent9.C.outoft

hequestion10.B.understands

E.1.move2.drive3.down4.wheels5.out6.without7.majority8.imagine

9.realize10.plagued11.burns12.that13.to14.what15.But16.done17.al

together18.on19.electricity20.practical

A.在历史上，吉普车以其能适应各种路况的杰出性能而著称于世。这种美名可以追溯到二

战期间，当时由威利斯公司提供的最初型号的吉普车载着盟军部队驰骋于太平洋沿岸及欧

洲战场。

<<麦氏汽车驾驶大全>>一书认为，“吉普”这个名字起源于美国军队决定把这种车辆叫做

GP（forGeneralPurpose）即多功能车之意。而后，GP这两个字母的读音被误发成为“吉

普”，并成为威利斯公司享有的商标名称。

1988年吉普为克莱斯勒公司所有，此后该公司投入了大量资金更新改造吉普车的生产设备

，提高吉普车的产量并开发各种新车型应市。克莱斯勒公司称吉普车在战争年代享有的盛

名以及其坚固耐用的形象无疑会有助于它在和平时期树立其作为休闲娱乐车的新形象。该

公司说，吉普为休闲，越野车开发了新市场，它有强劲的4轮牵引装置（商业上称为4轮驱

动），过去军用吉普车曾因此而享誉四方。

B.1.Theautomobilewasimprovedveryrapidlyafteritwasinventedandsoond

isplacedhorses.

2.Wemayhavetocutdownonthenumberofprivatelyownedcarsanddependmoreonpublicmasstransitsystemsbecausecarspolluteandmaimorevenkillp

eople.

3.Whilewheels(automobiles)havebroughtwiththembetterormoreconvenient

transportation,theyareguiltyofmanysins,suchasairpollution,traffic

accidentsandtrafficcongestion.

4.Americansarenotedfortheirloveforcarsandgreatjobmobility.

5.Ifonlyadvancesinfuelqualityandefficiencyandintechnologywouldrad

icallyreducetheemissionsfromautomobiles.

6.AhighlydevelopedhighwaynetworkhasmadepossibletheeasymovementfromcoasttocoastintheUnitedStates.

7.Theverythoughtofthespeedatwhichthebeautifulavenuewasconstructed

electrifiedeveryvisitor;theroadhadonlyrecentlybeentornuptolaydra

in-pipesnotlongago.

8.Environmentalistshavedenouncedautomobiles,believingtheyareamajorfa

ctorintheproductionofdirtyair.

9.Manynewresidentialcomplexeshaverisenupinthesuburbsofmetropolitan

citiesbecauseoftheavailabilityofconvenientpublictransportation.

10.Despitetheirloveforcars,manypeoplelendcredencetotheextensiveus

eofthepublictransportsystem,whichcancutdownontrafficcongestion.Unit4

Keytothestylisticcomprehensionofthetext:

1.

PartOneisfromparagraph__3__toparagraph___6__.

Parttwoisfromparagraph__7__toparagraph__14___.

Partthreeisfromparagraph__15__toparagraph__17___.

2.

Thefivereasonsfordecidingtoremainchildlessbroughtforwardbytheo

utspokencoupleWilliamPeckandEllenPeckare

A.Theyattachmoreimportancetofreedom,.Spontaneity,privacyandleisure.

B.Theywanttogivetheireffortstothecommunity.

C.Theyfearthattheyoungergenerationwillsufferfromoverpopulationasth

eydonow.

D.Theyareafraidofdivorceandchildabuse.

E.Theyarenotsurewhethertheycanbecomegoodparents.

3.Accordingtoaprofessorofchildpsychiatry,thethreereasonswhymanyyo

ungpeoplearenotsointerestedinfamilylifeastheirparentsare:

A.Parenthoodliferequiresthemtogiveupmanythings.

B.Therearemanyotheropportunitiesforwomentofindmeaningintheirlives

C.Theyareconcernedabouttheirfutureandthefutureoftheirchildren.

VocabularyandStructure

A.

1.a.coercive

b.coerced

2.a.preoccupation

b.preoccupied

3.a.reluctant

b.reluctance

4.a.adolescent

b.adolescence

5.a.implication

b.implicit

6.a.ambivalent

b.adolescence

7.a.maintenance

b.maintainability

8.a.privacy

b.private

9.a.enthusiasm

b.enthusiasts

10.a.tolerance

b.tolerable

11.a.statisticians

b.statistically

12.a.rational

b.rationality

B.

1.caredfor

2.intermsof

3.liesbehind

4.ringsabell

5.passedonto

6.wentagainst

7.liningup

8.chimingin

9.amopento

10.broughtup

C.

1.

haveevidenced—hasevidenced

2.

thatprevailed—thathadprevailed

3.

associating—associated

4.

raise—raising

5.

on—to

6.

on—to

7.

reluctance—willingness

8.

have—having

9.

arethecenter—arenotthecenter

10.

Thisreflects—Thisisreflected

D.

1.

Adolescents

2.

involved

3.

fact

4.

Therefore

5.

common

6.

or

7.

employed

8.

fewer

9.

negative

10.

contribute

11.

Studies

12.

People

13.

Tend

14.

Drop

15.

Grown

KeytotheTranslation

A

一些观测家提出，我们正在看到的这种现象主线就不是什么重大变化，或许它和性革命一

样，不是人们行为上的而是表达方式上的一种剧变。||一位住在康涅狄格州的精神分析

学家说，“也许，一直就有那么一群与众不同的人存着。只但是他们现在从隐蔽外走了出

来，公开表白了他们的观点，就像同性恋者那样。||我们这一时代的潮流就是干你想干的

事而不是加以掩饰。这些人身上所反映的不是什么变革而是

人们现在越来越坦率直言的这样一个现象。

B

在最近几十年的时间里，人们渐渐地明白了一个事实，那就是：为数不多的妇女已不再接

受并乐意扮演深居简出的传统母亲角色。许多人认为家庭的重要性正日益消失。妇女受教

育限度的提高是导致这一文化的重要因素。如今，百分之八十的妇女完毕了四年制的高中

学习。而在1940年，完毕这一阶段学习的妇女仅占百分之三十。这与现在美国妇女平均晚

一年结婚有关。二十岁至二十四岁未婚者从1960年的28%上升到20世纪70年代的40%。人们推迟了生儿育女的时间，只有不到10%的妇女是在结婚后两年内生孩子。除此之外，越来越多的妇女不想要孩子。工作、晚婚、不要孩子是近年来妇女作用发生变化的重要表现。

1.

Someprofessionalobserversbelievethatyoungpeopletodayarenolongerinterestedinpoliticsandcauses,butrather,havebecomeincreasinglypreoccupiedwithissuesclosertothemselves.

2.

Thehigherawoman’seducationalattainment,themorelikelysheistogooutoftheprivatesettingofthenuclearfamilyandtorealizeherselfinthecommunity.

3.

AsfarasIamconcerned,whatreallyliesbehindthedecisionofsomemarriedcouplesnottostartafamilyisthattheyaresonarcissisticandhavenomarginoflovetospareothers.

4.

Thecompanyputonthemarketaregisteredinventionevenwithoutaskingtheinventor’spermission,whichgoesagainstthepatentlaw.

5.

Urgedbysomeothercountries,theUnitedNationshaspressuredthecountrytogiveupdevelopingandusingnuclearweapons.

6.

Accordingtotherulethateverymembershouldremainchildless,Mr.AndMswhitehavenoalternativebuttowithdrawfromtheNon-ParentAssociation,fortheywillattainparenthoodsoon.

7.

Heexpectstoreveal,bypresentingasoapopera,thecomplexityimplicitinreallife.

8.

Invirtuallyeverycountry,drugabuse,alcoholabuseandchildabuseloonasmostchallengingsocialproblems.

9.

Wheninterviewed,theseelderlypeoplerationalizedwhytheywereambivalentabouttoday’syoungpeople.

10.

Manycollegestudentsarefarmoreconcernedwithhowtogetahighly-paidjobongraduationandhowtoreceiveaquickpromotioninthecompetitivesociety.

Unit5

A.

1.

A

2.

B

3.

C

4.

D

5.

B

6.

A

7.

D

8.

B

9.

D

10.

B

11.

C

B.

1.

sethimup

2.

fitin

3.

isthankfulfor

4.

holddown

5.

builtup

6.

gonethrough

7.

weighheavilyon

8.

workingout

9.

brokenaway

10.

letmyparentsdown

C.

1.

C.willrelyon

2.

D.have

3.

C.forwhich

4.

B.which

5.

A.coupled

6.

A.amuchgreatervariety

7.

B.finditdifficult

8.

A.Acquiring

9.

C.himself

10.

C.endangered

D.

1.

dead

2.

brought

3.

like

4.

expensive

5.

cost

6.

worse

7.

births

8.

paying

9.

aged

10.

figure

11.

share

12.

majority

13.

producers

14.

poor

15.

decent

16.

services

17.

expanding

18.

same

19.

burden

20.

confined

KeytotheTranslationfromEnglishintoChinese

在不少拉丁美洲和亚洲的国家,老年化和贫困将引起许多新问题,而这些问题对于工业化国

家来说并不陌生,但是这些国家拥有资源少得多。

||在使用有限资源时所碰到伦理道德问题将更为突出,为医疗保健和养老金提供资金也许

成为这些国家面临的一件棘手的事。

在许多国家,老年人的人数太少,政治上多半相称被动,以致无法成为一个能对长期政策施加

有效压力来促进自身利益的团队。

||但随着其数量增多,这种状况正在改变，他们知道需要集结政治力量。

||到2030年将没有一个政治家大胆到敢于忽略三分之一这部份老年选民——特别老年选民

一般参与投票的人数要比其他选民多。

KeytotheTranslationfromChineseintoEnglish

1.Generally,peoplehavebecomemorecompassionateandquiteafewfamilieshavetakeninanorphanfromthemunicipalorphanage.

2.Itisademandingtaskforaworkingwomantolookafterherparentsandher

childrenwhileholdingdownajob.

3.Atfirstwewereworriedabouttheirfirststayinaforeigncountrybutthingsthereworkedoutmuchbetterforthem.

4.Today'smiddle-agedpeoplehavefewerchildrenthantheirparentsdidandtheagingpopulationproblemmayweighontheminabout40years.

5.Itishopedthatthecurrentreformineducationwillbettersetstudentsuptomeetthechallengesfromsociety.

6.Thegovernmentintendstotransfersomeofthehealth-careburdentotheindividualfamilybutfamilymembersarenotalwaysavailableforthetaskbecausetheycannotbreakawayfromtheirjobstolookafterthesickelderly.

7.Thereisanincreasingdemandforbedsinthenursinghome,andwehavetotryeverypossiblemeanstofreethemup.

8.Withthelargeelderlypopulationinthiscountry,financingofhealthcareandpensionscouldcarethedeviloutofthegovernment.

9.Theyoungcouplehastomakesomesacrificetoavoidlettingtheiroldbelovedfatherdown.

10.Whattheyhadgonethroughinlookingaftertheirsickoldfathermadethemmorecompassionate,andtheymadeadonationtothenursinghomeUnit6

A.

1.

complexity

2.

wild

3.

surplus

4.

indifferently

5.

earthly

6.

acknowledge

7.

obviously/apparently

8.

diminish

9.

artificial

10.

destructive

B.

1-g

2-j

3-a

4-f

5-b

6-h

7-I

8-c

9-d

10-e

1.

primeval

2.

whatsoever

3.

beneficent

4.

ultimately

5.

pointedly

6.

intricate

7.

encroaching

8.

indispensable

9.

legitimate

10.

fertility

C.

1.

Inshort

2.

attributedto

3.

isupagainst

4.

wereunderthespellof

5.

attheexpenseof

6.

regardlessof

7.

Allowingfor

8.

wasinvolvedin

9.

actingon

10.

viceversa

D.

1.

C.increases

2.

B.thatofthegeneralpopulation

3.

B.largelyself-contained

4.

A.inchargeof

5.

D.confused

6.

C.safetyprovisions

7.

B.that

8.

B.bywhich

9.

C.put

10.

D.muchof

E.

1.

survival

2.

perceive

3.

public

4.

occupy

5.

lots

6.

hand

7.

restored

8.

fertility

9.

renewed

10.

dwellings

11.

wilderness

12.

transitions

13.

agriculture

14.

even

15.

beyond

KeytothetranslationfromEnglishtoChinese:

A:

正如诗人埃德蒙.斯宾塞在将近四百年前所说的那样，大自然是“最伟大的女神”。她似乎

担任了上帝驻地球的总督的职务。斯宾塞把她描写成一位母亲和法官。||她管辖着所有的

生物之间的往来，并不分厚薄地给予他们权利，由于她是一位公正的母亲。她把他们紧密

地联结在一起，就象兄弟姐妹。||因而，在斯宾塞看来，生物繁殖及生物秩序的自然规律

与公正原则显而易见地是联系在一起的。当我们得知斯宾塞认为大自然也具有公正原则的

时候我们或许有点吃惊。||然而，斯宾塞不仅以人类的手足之情而是以所有生物的手足之

情为依据来坚持自然界有这么一位“公正的”法官。要是在当今，我们会说斯宾塞是以生

态学作为其可靠依据的。

B.假如我们人类和大自然的固有关系不是互相对抗的，那么，它又是什么样的一种关系呢

？||对我们来讲，这个变得相称复杂难解，由于正如我先前所讲过的那样，我们中没有人

想在未经开发的原始森林里或在未经改造的原始大草原上生活，我们不想被大灰熊吃掉。

||假如我们是园艺家，我们有合法的理由去抱怨园内的杂草。在肯塔基州，假如我们准备

改良牧场，我们就很也许成为那一片随风摆动的大蓟的敌人。||但是，假如我们还随心所

欲，想做什么就做什么，那么，我们就会对那些曾经被我们砍伐破坏了的原始森林和草原

着迷，我们会一而再而三地想起它们，想起那些幸存的原始森林和原始草原。||我们还会

感到大灰熊深深地吸引着我们。我们知道，在整个人类时期我们会一直想起大灰熊及其他

一些危险动物。

KeytothetranslationfromChinesetoEnglish:

1.Mostconservationistsbelievethathumansthrivebestinecologicalhealth

andthatthesignofthishealthisthesurvivalofadiversityofwildanimals.

2.Mr.Smithproducedabundantevidencetoindicatethatwe,tosomeextent,d

iminishourselvesifwediminishnature.

3.ManycitiesinWesterncountrieshaveswitchedtoanewgasolineformulath

atreducesthepollutioncontent.ThisisalsotrueofsomecitiesinChina.

4.AsdepictedinapoemwrittenbytheEnglishpoetEdmundSpenser,natureis

notonlyamotherbutajudge,havingjurisdictionoveranddoingjusticeto

allcreatures

5.Agovernmentstudyconcludesthatbesidesovercrowdingandpoorpublictran

sport,thebiggestproblemsthecityisupagainstarenoiseandpollution.

6.Unlikeallothercreatures,humanshavetheabilitytoactontheirjudgmen

t/understanding.

7.Don'tyouagreewiththestatementthathealthwithoutwealthispreferable

towealthwithouthealth?

8.Eventhosedefendersofindustrialeconomyhavetoacknowledgeopenlythat

anyconflictbetweenhumansandnatureoftenoccursattheexpenseofboth.

9.Ifyourfriendkindlypointsoutafaultyouhave,takewhatissaidnotme

relypleasantly,butthankfully.

10.Oneofthedifferencesbetweenhumansandwildanimalsisthat(orliesin

that)theformercanmakeawisechoiceastothekindandscaleofthechangetheymaketonature.

Unit7

A.

1.

distinction

2.

sheer

3.

commensurate

4.

refraining

5.

incidentally

6.

alleviate

7.

deemed

8.

istoblamefor

9.

impulse

10.

comeacross

B.

1.

give…away

2.

goingat

3.

imbuedwith

4.

identify…with

5.

hasrisenabove

6.

ownup

7.

allowfor

8.

treat…to

9.

Dog-eat-dog

10.

thecounter

C.

1.

choice;choose;chosen;

2.

inextricable

3.

shorn

4.

definition

5.

increasingly

6.

social

7.

Participatory

8.

acquisitive

9.

weighing

10.

intimacy

D.

1.

D.topaythem

2.

A.Muchas

3.

D.endearinghimself

4.

C.numberof

5.

D.ignored

6.

D.differently

7.

A.respond

8.

C.nomore

9.

B.that

10.

C./

E.

1.

holds

2.

therefore

3.

Does

4.

really

5.

empty

6.

of

7.

success

8.

nor

9.

not

10.

exists

11.

likely

12.

in

13.

historical

14.

upbringing

15.

condition

16.

choicelessness

17.

honorably

18.

trivial

19.

how

20.

ours

Translation

A.

毫无疑问，雄心大志盼望的是荣誉、财富、爱情、非凡、成就、欢乐与善良美德。当然，随着我们的抱负与希望，我们的生活将会是如何，这些总是无法意料的。有些想法的出

发点是丝毫不为自己，但结果却是结下深仇；而有些计划原意是为了自己，但到头来却是

为别人做了善事。计划、设想的结果虽然难以预测，但仍无理由阻止计划与设想的进行。

不难设想，没有抱负与雄心的社会将会是如何的。它很也许是一个比较随和的社会：没有

规定，没有矛盾，也没有失望。人们有时间深思。他们所做的工作不是为了自己，而是为

了集体、历来没有竞争，冲突将被消灭，紧张已成为过去，不再需要发明力。艺术不再是

高深莫测的，它的作用纯粹是为了欢庆与颂扬。家庭作为一个社会的单元将成为多余的，

它以前的束缚力已消失。长寿会增长，由于死于紧张、辛劳的工作所引起的心脏病与中风

的人会越来越少、思虑将不复存在。人类长期地摆脱抱负和欲望的压力，日子会过得越来

越舒坦。

B.

1.

Inspiteofherrecentelectionsuccess,sheremainsfirstandforemostaw

riter,notapolitician.

2.

Ambitionisalwaysidentifiedwithrank,fameandpower.Thereforemanypeo

plehavebeenunwillingtotalkabouttheirdreamsforalongtime.

3.

Surely,ifyouwanttobefamous,itisnecessaryforyoutohaveideals,b

ecauseitisbehindtheaccomplishment,butdifferentfromambition.

4.

Ambitionisoftenregardedasbeingcommensuratewithbadsensebecausethe

single-mindedhavetriedtoachievetheirgoalsbyfairmeansorfoulandoft

enharmothers.

5.

Trulyambitiouspeopleseemtobemodestbutactuallytheyareontheirown

6.

Certainlysomepeopleareveryinterestedintheirrankandfame.Butwhat

hashappenedisthattheydonotownuptoit.

7.

Somepeopletrytogooninlifeatallcostsbutrefrainfromappearingam

bitious.Weshouldbeawarethatthereisanoteofhypocrisy.

8.

Althoughhehascomeunderattackandhasbeenconsideredambitious,noneofthemarestrongenoughtomakehimgiveuponhisdreams.

9.

Itisnotdifficulttoimagineaworldshornofambition.Itwouldprobably

beaworldwithnoprogressandnodevelopment.And,ofcourse,itwouldbea

tediousworld.

10.

Todevelopoursociety,weneedalargenumberofpeoplewhohavebothidealsandambition,becausebothofthesehavethepowertoinspirepeopletofurtherefforts.Therefore,bothareimportantforsociety.Unit9

A.

1.

sacred

2.

secrecy

3.

doomed

4.

segment

5.

hierarchy

6.

ego

7.

symptoms

8.

chaotic

9.

absurd

10.

breakthrough

B.

1.

obsolete

2.

boost

3.

imagination

4.

duplicate

5.

subsidy

6.

converge

7.

tumbleddown

8.

automated

9.

innovation

10.

holdoff

C.

1.

personalized

2.

intangibles;tangibles

3.

prediction

4.

ingenuous

5.

flexibility

6.

bureaucrat

7.

innovation

8.

glory

9.

available

10.

specified

D.

1.

B.that

2.

D.little

3.

C.giving

4.

D.cansheact

5.

B.musthavebeen

6.

C.be

7.

B.whichever

8.

B.meaningful

9.

D.manyofwhoseorigins

10.

B.or

E.

1.

about

2.

organization

3.

for

4.

but

5.

computers

6.

Inotherwords

7.

that

8.

Infact

9.

simply

10.

therefore

11.

attach

12.

within

13.

definition

14.

for

15.

necessary

Translation

A

有些公司了解这一点。微软即是其中之一。//有些人认为微软能在互联网世界里崭露锋芒

，锐意发展是由于比尔•盖茨的个人野心。//简言之，这种想法很荒唐。//在1990年，微软季度销售量要增长38%，需要增长九千万的收入，而在1995年，要达成同样比例

的季度销售增幅，收益需要增长九亿美元。//现在，收益的增长标准越提越高。新的商机

来自何处？规模化经营？还是低成本？这些都是无稽之谈。//新的商机只能来自于领导市

场、受顾客欢迎的产品。//即使要保持收支平衡，微软也要至少天天发明一千五百万美元

的收益。//假如没有高速度和充足的想象力，它只有死路一条。

B

这些趋势在不断扩大，因素很简朴：信息就是力量，而技术的发展使得获取信息变得民主

化和全球化。//因此，各种组织机构将再也不能扶植那些美化等级特权并阻止信息交流

的工作体系了。//在未来学家乔治•吉尔德所描绘的世界中，经济是建立在沙子、

玻璃和空气的基础上的。//沙子即指制造芯片的硅。芯片（计算机世界的建筑材料）正以

指数级的速度增长。每十八个月芯片的性能就要翻一番。

1.Suchajobisdoomedbecauseinthisfield,manualworkwillbedonebycom

puters.

2.Theinformation-basednetworkeconomywillbringaboutprofoundchangesin

society.Whetherthischangecouldbenefithumanbeingsorinvolvetheminac

haoticsituationneedsourdiscussion.

3.Becauseoftheincreasinglyfiercecompetitionandpersonalizedproductdem

andfromcustomers,beingabletosupplypersonalizedproductshasbecomethe

keytobusinesssuccess.

4.Theoldwayofmanagementrobspeopleoftheirimaginationandcuriosity,m

akingthemcontentwiththepresentsystemandjobsandtheymakenoprogress.

5.Thoselackingininitiativeandcreativitycanonlyfitintothetraditionalmodeofwork.Oncetheoldmodeischanged,theywillbeatalossastowhattodo.

6.Inthecomingcenturythedevelopmentoftelecommunicationswilldependon

opticalfiberswhichcarryinformationincomparabletothecommonphonelines.

7.Sincecomputerscanreplacepeopletodoroutinejobs,peoplecanbefreed

ofmundanebusinesstodocreativework.

8.Infuturesociety,proprietaryinformationwillbelessandlessproprietar

y.Whatwillthisleadto?

9.Somesocialthinkerspredictominouslythatrobotswillbecomemoreandmor

eindependentandeventuallyuncontrollable.

10.Inthefuture,newjobswillbeborn.Thereisnoneedforpeopletoworry

excessivelyaboutunemployment.Buttheymustkeeplearningaboutnewtechnol

ogy.

Unit10

A.

1.

suppress

2.

Amputation

3.

donor

4.

recurrence

5.

heralded

6.

alleviate

7.

batches

8.

reject

9.

lethal

10.

potent

B.

1.a.immunized

b.immunity

2.a.diagnostical

b.diagnosed

3.a.recurrent

b.recurrence

4.a.vaccinating

b.Vaccination

5.a.infect

b.infective

6.a.contracted

b.contractible

7.a.toxin

b.toxicity

8.a.surgery

b.surgeon

9.a.administration

b.administered

10.a.preceded

b.preceding

C.

1.originatedwith

2.ahostof

3.immuneto

4.areresistantto

5.protectedagainst

6.Inthelightof

7.speakagainst

8.pointsto

9.inquestion

10.wereresponsiblefor

D.

1.

few—little

2.

impossible—possible

3.

was--/

4.

itself—themselves

5.

from—in

6.

As--/

7.

This—It

8.

to--/

9.

dish—mould

10.

seems—seemed

E.

1.

indeed

2.

control

3.

particularly

4.

living

5.

producing

6.

character

7.

discovery

8.

supported

9.

co-operation

10.

prevented

KeytotheparagraphtranslationintoChinese:

在解决现有的医学难题方面，动物实验依旧是必不可少的吗？||那些因携带一个突变基而

产生基因转变的动物，已经向我们提供了大量的有关蛋白质功能及其在疾病中所起的作用

的新信息。毫无疑问，动物实验将继续为我们提供这类信息。||我们还期待着在中枢神经

损伤的治疗方面取得重大进展。||鉴于近来的动物研究表白，神经的再生确有也许，因此

原本认为哺乳动物脊髓中的神经细胞受损后功能无法复原的教条，必须予以重新评价。治

疗何时生效，只是一个时间问题。||我们很难想象，将来假如没有动物实验，怎么可以在

这个领域以及生物和医学等诸多其他领域取得进展。

索尔克和疫苗这两个词，就象弗莱明和盘尼西林、爱因斯坦和相对论那样，紧紧地结合在

一起。||因此，当最早研制出可以有效防止小儿麻痹症的疫苗的乔纳斯•索尔克博

士于八年前宣布，他将重新出山专攻爱滋病难题的时候，许多人，特别是那些与日俱增的

HIV病毒感染者，都欢呼雀跃起来。||除了这位征服过一种恶名远扬的儿童痼疾的高手，谁

还比他更有资格担当向当前的瘟疫——爱滋病发起冲锋的领军人物呢？||然而在科学界，

忧虑却多过盼望。||爱滋病这个目的，要比小儿麻痹症难攻得多，所以很少有专家相信索

尔克的疫苗研制方法可以取得成功。||然而这位医学领域的开拓者，并没有由于别人的怀

疑而气馁，而是知难而上，和一家私人公司联手研发他的治疗方法。||

现今80高龄的索尔克，也许有机会向世人证明，他的白大褂的衣袖里，藏了不止一种医学

奇迹。

KeytoTranslationB:

1.Rabiesisaninfectiousdiseaseofthecentralnervoussystem,causedbya

virusspreadchieflybydomesticdogsandwildflesh-eatinganimals.

2.Eachyearabout6,500Americanscontractlivercancer,andforallbutare

lativefewtheprognosisisgrim.

3.Itisonethingtolocateoil,butitisquiteanothertoextractitfromt

heearthandtransportittotheindustrialcenters.

4.Inthelightofrecentanimalres