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LanguagePointsJohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”Cholerausedtobeoneofthemostfeareddiseasesintheworld,untilaBritishdoctor,JohnSnow,showedhowitcouldbeovercome.Thisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea,dehydration,andevendeath.Intheearly19thcentury,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitEurope,millionsofpeoplediedfromthedisease.Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecamefrustratedbecausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.Intime,herosetobecomeafamousdoctor,andevenattendedtoQueenVictoriawhenshegavebirth.However,heneverlosthisdesiretodestroycholeraonceandforall.宾语从句Para1宾语从句同位语“过去常常做...”时间状语从句“令人恐惧的”定语从句“变得沮丧”原因状语从句“随着时间的推移”“升迁”rise-rose-risen“照顾;照料”thedesiretodo“做...的愿望”JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”Ingeneral,doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictorytheoriestoexplainhowcholera
spread.Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.Theotherwasthatcholerawas
causedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.Snowsubscribedtothesecond
theory.Itwascorrect,buthestillneededproof.Consequently,whenanoutbreak
ofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snowbegantoinvestigate.Hediscoveredthatintwo
particularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedin
tendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.
Para2“一般说来”宾语从句后置定语表语从句表语从句“同意;赞同”时间状语从句“袭击;攻击”ahitsongIthitssbthat...很火/热门歌曲“如此...以至于”,结果状语从句宾语从句“下定决心干某事”“因此”某人突然想到JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”Snowbeganbymarkingonamaptheexact
placeswhereallthosewhodiedhadlived.There
weremultipledeathsnearthewaterpumpin
BroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16,
37,38,and40).However,somehouseholds
(suchas
20and21BroadStreet,and8and9Cambridge
Street)hadhadnodeaths.Thesepeople
workedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.They
hadbeengivenfreebeer,
andsohadnotdrunk
thewaterfromthepump.Snowsuspectedthat
thewaterpumpwastoblame.Para3by+doing“通过...方式”定语从句“因而”,连接两个并列的谓语宾语从句JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”Whatismore,
inanotherpartofLondon,awomanandher
daughterhaddiedofcholeraaftermoving
awayfromBroadStreet.Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuch
thatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.Asaresultofthisevidence,JohnSnow
wasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Accordingly,hehad
thehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.Throughthisintervention,the
diseasewasstoppedinitstracks.
Para3表语从句“似乎...”“havesthdone”宾语从句“因此”目的状语从句havemyhaircuthavemywalletstolenJohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”ThetruthwasthatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.Moreover,SnowwaslaterabletoshowalinkbetweenothercasesofcholeraandthedifferentwatercompaniesinLondon.SomecompaniessoldwaterfromtheRiverThamesthatwaspollutedbyrawwaste.Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuchmorelikelytogetcholerathanthosewhodrankpureorboiledwater.
Para4表语从句“后来”定语从句定语从句定语从句late
迟(到)的later后来latest最新的lately最近地latter后者
ThroughSnow'stirelessefforts,watercompaniesbegantosellcleanwater,andthe
threatofcholeraaroundtheworldsawasubstantial
decrease.However,choleraisstill
aproblem.Eachyear,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldgetcholeraandmanydie
fromit.Fortunately,wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,thankstotheworkofJohn
Snow.Moreover,inhisuseofmapsandstatistics,Snowtransformed
thewayscientists
studydiseases.Forthisreason,Snowisconsideredthefatherofmodernepidemiology.Para5“不知疲倦的”宾语从句“由于;幸亏”定语从句无生命的名词+see/find/witness...……经历/发生/见证/目睹某事eg.这个城市自
1990年以来发生了巨大的变化。Thecityhasseengreatchangessince1990.1.Isthistheway
youprotecttheendangeredspecies?2.Noonewillsupporttheway____________hementionedatthemeeting.3.TheSmithsarepraisedfor
(他们抚养孩子的方式).(inwhich/that)(that/which)thewaytheybringuptheirchildren
consider“思考”、“考虑”
=thinkabout,
后面可接名词、代词、动名词1、Wemustconsidertheproblemverycarefully.2、WeareconsideringgoingtoHainanfortheSpringFestival.3、Hehasneverconsideredhowtosolvetheproblem.consider“认为”/“以为”/“觉得”
后面多接宾语从句,这时一般不接动名词作宾语Iconsiderthatheisfitforthepositionofthemanager.consider作“认为”之意时,后面还可以接“宾语+宾补”的结构即:consider...(tobe)+名词/形
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