高中英语-阅读课The Olympic Games教学设计学情分析教材分析课后反思

阅读课TheOlympicGames教学设计LearningObjectives(学习目标)GetmoreknowledgeaboutthemodernOlympicGamesandtheancientOlympics.Practicethereadingskill—scanning.（扫读）Developcriticalthinking(批判思维)abouthostingOlympicGames.Grasp（理解）theOlympicspirit.教学过程：Step1.Warming–upTalkaboutsportsandsportsmeeting(讨论运动和运动会)WhatdoyouknowabouttheOlympics?(讨论有关奥运会常识)●HowoftenaretheOlympicGamesheld?●CananycountrytakepartintheGames?●WhatistheOlympicmotto?【设计意图】“运动”、“运动会”这些都是学生感兴趣的话题，讨论这些话题能活跃课堂气氛，拉近和学生的距离，同时又能引出“奥运会”这个话题。对于奥运会的常识，学生知道一些，但是对于它的发展历史等具体问题还不是很清楚。通过讨论常识，解决学生已知的，从而激励学生探索未知的。Step2.ReadingtasksTask1skimmingComparethemodernOlympicswiththeancientGamestopicsTheancientGamesThemodernGamesHowoftenSetthesummerandthewinterOlympicsEventfew,runningandhorseridingandsoonCompetitorsonlymen,nowomenorslavesOlympicvillagenoCountrytotakepartGreeceHostcountryGreecePrizemedalsPurposenotformoneybutforhonorMottoswifter,higher,stronger【设计意图】学生通过跳读和扫读阅读技能，找到古代奥运会和现代奥运会的不同之处，填入表格。通过这种表格形式，使学生对于古代奥运会和现代奥运会区别一目了然。训练阅读技能的同时，了解奥运会的发展，丰富已知的奥运常识，获得未知的知识。Task2WriteatraveljournalIamsosuprisedtofindthatthemodernOlympicshavechangedgreatly.TheGamesarestillheld__________________________________________________________.ButtherearetwosetsofOlympics--________________________________.Allcountriescantakepartif_________________________.Women______________________________________Aspecialvillageisbuilt,fortheOlympics.Itisa_______________________tohosttheOlympics.Theolivewreath_____________________.Butit’sstillaboutbeingableto___________________________________________________________.【设计意图】通过帮助“Pausanias”写旅行日志，来总结全文内容，帮助学生在知识上查缺补漏。同时学生通过整理、书写，锻炼语言组织能力。同桌之间交流讨论，增强语言表达和沟通交流能力。Step3AfterreadingTask1ReadandanswerEmptyNest:Beijing'sOlympicStadiumIsanEmpty'MuseumPiece'Duringthe2008Olympics,Beijing'sNationalStadiumwasChina'spride,the90,000-seatonerepresenting(代表)thecountry'seconomicgrowrh.ItplaysaveryimportantpartintheGames.Timehasnot,infact,beensokind.Thesedays,theBirdsNestisamostlyempty"museumpiece".Thestadium,whichcost$480milliondollarstobuildandtakesabout$11millioneachyeartomaintain(维持),hasnoregulartenant(承租人).AsAndrewZimbalistwroteforTheAtlanticlastweek,Olympicvenues(奥运场馆)haveasadhistoryofturningintoexpensivewhiteelephantsoncethegamesfinishandthecrowdsgohome.TheBird'sNestmayturnouttobethesaddestofthestories.As

NPR(NationalPublicRadio，即美国国家公共电台)

recentlyreported,itsoperatorshavealreadytriedtheirhandatanumberoffailedmoney-makingstadiums,includingturningtheBird’sNestintoasnowparkwithman-madeskihills.Today,it'saSegwayracetrack(单人电车比赛赛道)wheretouristscanpay$20toridearound--notexactlyanOlympicsport.However,therearedifferentvoices."Itreallyisworthit,"Yang,anativeofBeijingashestandsinsidetheBird'sNestforthefirsttimesays,"Regardlessofwhetheryou'retalkingaboutBeijingersorChinesepeople,weneededalandmark(里程碑)venue,aplacewhoseimageisbeautiful.I'mproudthatChinahasthisgreatbuilding!Howcanyounotfeelproud?"1.WhatisthepresentsituationoftheBird’sNest?____________________________________________________________________2.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedphrase“whiteelephants”?A.uselessthingsB.badthingsD.museumsD.stadiumsWhatistheman'sattitudetotheBird'sNestinthelastparagraph?____________________________________________________________________【设计意图】本文是以采访形式对奥运会常识的介绍，很多内容为学生已知的。如果仅仅局限于获取知识这一层面，本课的讲解并不符合新课标的要求。通过对本文的认真研读，决定在此文的基础上增加一篇关于“鸟巢”的课外阅读，旨在通过这篇文章，使学生了解2008年奥运会后鸟巢的现状，使学生辩证看待举办奥运会。Task2Discussion:holdingtheOlympics:worthwhileornot1.worthwhileworthwhile3.1.notworthwhile2.notworthwhile3.【设计意图】讨论“举办奥运会值不值得”的问题，通过发散思维和深层思考，使学生辩证看待这个问题，培养学生的批判思维。Task3Enjoyapoem:TheOlympicSpiritYou'remyadversary（对手）,Butyou'renotmyenemy,Yourwillgivesmestength;Yourresistancesteelsme;Yourspiritennobles(使高贵)me.ThoughIaimatdefeatingyou,ShouldIsucceed,Iwillnothumiliate(欺辱)you,Instead,Iwillhonoryou.Forwithoutyou,I'malesser(较小的)man.【设计意图】通过欣赏一首小诗，领会奥运的精神，升华文章主题，并能对学生价值观有良好的影响。Task3HomeworkWritedownyourunderstandingabouttheOlympicspirit.DotheextensivereadingonexercisebookP29-30.Usefulwordsandexpressionsfriendship,confidence,determined,cooperate(合作),loseheart，giveup，believein,workhard,winglory(荣誉）formakecontributionsto，Nothingisimpossible……MayI....

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Thankyouverymuchforyourtime.ForyourreferenceOlympicspirittakepart,competehardandplayfairlytoreachexcellenceinphysicalstrength,mindandwillpower.awilltogofaster,higherandfurther;abelieftodothebestcompetewithoneselfaswellasopponents;inthespiritoffairplay;respectthesportsrules,refereeandyourcompetitors.;becalm,modestandpoliteinvictoryanddefeatwithoutresentment(怨恨)oranger.【设计意图】让学生对奥运会的理解落实到书面上，既是对课文知识的有效巩固，也是提升学生精神意识的培养。附：评价反馈1．即时反馈上课过程中对学生的表现予以即时评价。2．形成性评价(1)非测试性评价：学生利用以下内容对自己在这节课上的表现进行反思。表格：自我评价我能够做到的事情评价标准我能够谈论与奥运有关的话题54321我能够理解奥运的意义54321我能够知道古代奥运和现代奥运的区别和共性54321我能够以恰当的方式表达自己的观点和态度54321我能利用各种资源帮助学习54321我能够记住并理解课文中出现的重点词汇和语言结构54321我还需要加强练习的是__________________________________________________________。关于奥运我还想知道___________________________________________________________。我对这节课的建议是___________________________________________________________。三.测试性评价Ⅰ.单词拼写根据下列句子所提供的汉语提示或所给单词的首字母，写出各单词正确的完全形式(每空限写一词)。1．Asisknowntoall,thea________OlympicGamesstartedinGreecein776BC.2.Chinawon52goldm________inthe29thOlympicGames.3．Wecan________(竞争)withthebestteams.4．Thesportsmeetisabig________(事件)formyschool.Ⅱ.介副词填空1．Howmanycountriestookpart________theBeijingOlympicGames?2．WhatdoesCCTVstand________？3．WhowasChina'sfirstgoldmedalwinnerand________whatevent?4．Whatdothefiverings________theOlympicflagstandfor?5．Hecompeted________the100­metrerace________histeammates________scholarship.Ⅲ.易混模块采用attend，join，joinin,takepartin的适当形式填空1．Willyou________usfordinner?2．Hedecidedto________theconferenceinperson.3．Hisgrandpa________thePartyinhissixties.4．Howmanystudents________thesportsmeetofourschool?5．Everyeveningheplayedbridgeor________theshow.6．About400,000workers________the1912MayDaystrikes.7．They________himinavisittoLondon.8．He________anactive________theworkers'struggleforbetterpayandbettercondition.9．Theroad________thehighwayupahead.10．Danger________everythinghedid.Ⅳ.完形填空阅读下面短文，理解大意，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。ThefirstOlympicGamesatOlympiawereheldin776B.C.Theywereheldevery__1__yearsfrom776B.C.to393A.D.Inancient__2__，gameswereclosely__3__totheworship(尊敬)ofthegodsandheroes.Theywerealsoheldaspartofreligiousceremonies(宗教仪式)to__4__diedheroes.Butfromthebeginning,thegamesatOlympiaservedto__5__theGreeksenseofnationalunity.Soeveryfouryearsover1,100years,thousandsof__6__stoppedallwarsand__7__toasmallsanctuaryinnorthwesternGreeceforfivedaysinthelatesummerfor__9__reason—towatchtheOlympicGames.Duringthattime，__9__fromallovertheGreekworldcompetedinanumberof__10__eventsandworshippedthegodsatOlympia.Theathletescompetednotfor__11__ormaterialgoods，__12__onlyforthehonorofbeingOlympicvisitors.LikeourOlympics，__13__athleteswereheroeswhoputtheirhometownsonthemap.However，__14__ourOlympics,only__15__whospokeGreekcouldcompete,insteadofathletesfromany__16__andthegameswere__17__heldatOlympiainsteadofmovingaroundtodifferentplaceseverytime.The__18__Olympicshadarichvarietyofgames.ManyofthesegamesaretheancestorsofourmodernOlympicGamesandhad__19__andplayingconditionswhichmodernathleteswouldbevery__20__with.Theyincludeboxing,jumping,running,wrestlingandsoon.1．A.two B．threeC．four D．one[2．A.Britain B．Greece C．Russia D．China3．A.stuck B．known C．connected D．owed4．A.welcome B．honor C．call D．meet5．A.strengthen B．invent C．reach D．form6．A.soldiers B．athletesC．people D．players7．A.marched B．rodeC．flew D．crowded8．A.asingle B．some C．acertain D．no9．A.people B．audience C．competitors D．soldiers10．A.physical B．athletic C．political D．interesting11．A.money B．fames C．victory D．medal12．A.and B．while C．but D．because13．A.good B．all C．winning D．brave14．A.for B．unlike C．like D．as15．A.freemen B．slaves C．poormen D．Frenchmen16．A.continent B．town C．period D．country17．A.always B．again C．usually D．sometimes18．A.recent B．biggest C．ancient D．modern19．A.armies B．rules C．competitors D．fields20．A.agreeable B．delighted C．familiar D．popularⅤ.阅读理解阅读下面的文章，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。TheGreatestShowonEarthTheOlympicGamesarethegreatestfestivalofsportintheworld.Everyfouryears,ahundredormorecountriessendtheirbestsportsmentocompeteforthehighesthonorsinsport.Asmanyas6,000peopletakepartinover20sports.Forthewinners,therearegoldmedalsandglory.Butthereishonor,too,forallwhocompete,winorlose.ThatisinthespiritoftheOlympics—totakepartiswhatmatters.TheOlympicGamesalwaysstartinabrightcolorandaction.Theteamsofallnationsparadeintheopeningceremony(仪式)andmarchroundthetrack.ThecustomisfortheGreekteamtomarchinfirst,foritwasinGreecethattheOlympicsbegan.TheteamofthecountrywheretheGamesarebeingheld—thehostcountry—marchesinlast.TherunnerwiththeOlympictorch(火炬)thenentersthestadiumandlightstheflame.AsportsmanfromthehostcountrytakestheOlympicoath(誓言)onbehalfofallthecompetitors.Thejudgesandofficialsalsotakeanoath.Afterthesportsmenmarchoutofthestadium,thehostcountryputsonawonderfuldisplay.Thecompetitionsbeginthenextday.ThereareusuallymorethantwentysportsintheGames.Theruleisthattheremustbeatleastfifteen.Themaineventsareinthetrackandfield,butitisafewdaysbeforethesesportsstart.Eachdaythecompetitorstakepartindifferentsports—riding,shooting,swimming,andcross­countryrunning.Pointsaregainedforeachevent.Medalsareawardedfortheindividualwinnersandfornationalteams.1．Whyistherehonorforthelosersaswellasforthewinners?A．Becausefailureisthemotherofsuccess.B．Becauselosersneedencouragement,too.C．Becauselosersandwinnersshouldbeequallytreated.2．Whichofthefollowingisalong­establishedpracticeoftheopeningceremony?A．Runnersenterthestadiumwithtorches.B．Eachteamhastoputonawonderfuldisplay.C．TheGreekteammarchesinfirst.D．Menandwomenwearmagnificentclothes.3．WhotakestheOlympicoath?A．Ajudgefromthehostcountry.B．Anofficialfromthehostcountry.[C．AGreeksportsman.D．Asportsmanfromthehostcountry.4．WhatarethemostimportanteventsintheOlympicGames?A．Thetrackandfieldevents.B．Thehorse­ridingevents.C．Theswimmingevents.D．Theboat­racingevents.阅读课TheOlympicGames学情分析经过三年的初中学习，学生们已经具备了一定的知识储备能力，对奥运会的知识也有一定的了解。同时对于刚迈入高中的学生来说，他们充满激情，求知欲很强，乐于尝试一些新的教学活动。很多学生热爱运动，对奥运感兴趣，对此话题有很多要表达的，但是学生不知道怎样用英语表达。大部分学生能够自主运用适当地阅读方法和技巧，如略读、寻读、找关键词和主题句等，完成相应的任务，达到发展技能、获取信息的目的。学生比较熟悉小组协作、自主探究以及信息获取和处理等学习方法。在老师的帮助下，正逐步形成独立思考、分析的能力。大部分学生能够用所学的知识展开话题讨论，各抒己见，还有一些程度较弱学生需要借助小组成员和老师的帮助。高中生虽然不是成年人，但心智比较成熟，逻辑批判思维也相对发展比较活跃，因此，学生对一些时事话题很感兴趣，也敢于发表自己的观点。同时，学生也基本具备一定的电脑操作知识、网上搜索和查阅知识的能力，这为课程进展和完成课后作业提供技术保障。阅读课TheOlympicGames效果分析整节课学生能积极主动参与话题讨论，能够小组写作分工，完成相应任务。课堂气氛活跃，教学效率比较高。学生通过任务设计对于古代奥运和现代奥运有了更多了解。通过补充的阅读文章，学生能够良好的完成题目，并能积极思考举办奥运会的价值。整堂课教学目标明确，重难点突出，以学生为中心，充分调动学生参与的积极性，效果良好。从评测练习学生所给出的答案分析，学生对于本课的单词掌握较好，第一大题四个单词填空正答率很高。学生对于第二大题副词介词完成情况也不错，只有最后一题，有些学生搞混了compete后介词的搭配。第三大题区别attend，join，joinin,takepartin，学生完成情况不太理想，不能很好的运用这几个词进行搭配，还要加强练习。第四大题和第五大题是有关奥运话题的完形填空和阅读理解，学生通过这两篇文章，对奥运有更加深入的了解和理解。阅读课TheOlympicGames教学反思阅读课TheOlympicGames这一课来自于人教版高中英语必修二第二单元，是一篇精读课。在英语组各位前辈和同仁的帮助下，我顺利完成了这节课的讲授，下面是我对这节课的反思：备课充分，不仅备教材也备学生，是我整堂课成功的关键。在上课之前，我仔细研读教材，分析教学目标，重难点和教学任务设计，力求任务设计符合学生的认知特点。同时，我也搜集了大量的有关奥运会的资料，在系整理分析后，将有帮助的呈现在课堂上。另外，我也利用课下时间和学生交流，了解他们对于奥运会知道多少，以便于优化课堂设计，节约时间。通过了解得知，学生对于2008年北京奥运会很熟悉，因此对于奥运常识了解不少，比如：几年举行一次、发源地在哪、有什么项目、奥运会的精神是什么等等。但是学生对于与奥运有关的英文表达不知道，需要课上加强了解.教材与课外阅读整合，优化课堂教学设计。通过分析教材和了解学生得知，学生对于课文中出现的知识性内容比较熟悉，不需要教师再下大气力和花费太多时间进行精读训练来获取知识。如果本节课仅仅局限于知识的传授显然不符合新课标要求，于是在本课，我又果断加上了一篇有关奥运的课外阅读，来训练阅读能力，并且使得学生对于举办奥运会辩证认识。从课堂效果来看，学生积极参与，发表意见，有自己的看法。课堂教学以学生为中心，充分调学生参与的积极性并引导学生积极思考。建立“以学生为中心”的主体观。教学活动以学生在课堂上做事为主，教师的作用是负责组织、引导、帮助和监控，引导学生学会认知、学会做事，让学生经历获取知识的过程，关注学生各种能力的发展，促进其知识与技能、过程与方法、态度与价值观的全面发展，建立学生自主探索、合作学习的课堂模式，创设和谐、宽松、民主的课堂环境。追求学习结果转向追求学习过程，真正把学生当成获取知识发展自我的主人。“一切为了学生，为了学生的一切，为了一切学生”，切实构建“以学生为中心”主体观。

本节课的不足之处：导学案和幻灯片呈现有矛盾的地方。课堂语言不够简练，有重复啰嗦的地方。时间把握不够好，最后欣赏诗歌环节时间太短，没有给与学生充分时间理解。阅读课TheOlympicGames教材分析人教版《普通高中课程标准实验教科书英语必修2》的第二单元的中心话题是“奥运会”——世界上最重要的体育盛会。通过本单元的学习，使学生了解奥运会的起源、宗旨以及比赛项目。同时介绍了一些古代希腊神话传说和其中的一些著名人物。“阅读”（Reading）部分通过一个虚拟的采访——两千年前古希腊作家帕萨尼亚斯（Pausanias）与一位当代中国女孩李燕（LiYan）的对话，向学生介绍了古代和现代奥运会的异同及奥运会的一些基本情况。随着问题的逐步展开，学生对奥运会的了解也越来越全面。文章的这种设计给学生创设了语言情景，把描述竞技体育这一话题的语言内容变成了生动有趣的对话，让学生有一种身临其境的真实感受。本课是一篇关于奥运会对话式文章，在内容和结构上清晰明了。文章配有5幅图画，一方面配合课文内容举例，形象直观，另一方面运用视觉效果激发学生的思维能力，有助于理解。这是本单元的第一篇阅读课文，主要的语言知识学习和语言技能训练，尤其是综合语言运用能力的培养都在其中得以体现。此外，它也是学生进一步了解本单元话题内容的出发点以及发展读写技能、形成相应的文化意识和情感态度最直接的载体。这篇阅读是本单元的精读文章，在整单元中地位举足轻重。通过两人的对话，让学生了解古代奥运和今天奥运的不同之处和相同点，其中大多数的信息点是学生已知的。本文关键是让学生深刻领会奥运精神，从而培养学生对体育运动的兴趣。本课的重点是：1.有关奥运会的各种英语表达方式。2.了解古代奥运和现代奥运的共同点和区别。本课的难点是：1.拓展阅读的理解。2.辩证看待奥运会的举办。3.领会奥运精神。阅读课究其最终目的就是训练阅读能力，获取信息。由于本课的信息大多为学生已知信息，因此准备本课时，我果断在课堂上添加一篇有关“鸟巢”的课外阅读作为本文的补充。通过本文可以让学生思考举办奥运的意义，激发学生的积极思维。阅读课TheOlympicGames评测练习一．即时反馈上课过程中对学生的表现予以即时评价。二．形成性评价(1)非测试性评价：学生利用以下内容对自己在这节课上的表现进行反思表格1：自我评价我能够做到的事情评价标准我能够谈论与奥运有关的话题54321我能够理解奥运的意义54321我能够知道古代奥运和现代奥运的区别和共性54321我能够以恰当的方式表达自己的观点和态度54321我能利用各种资源帮助学习54321我能够记住并理解课文中出现的重点词汇和语言结构54321我还需要加强练习的是__________________________________________________________。关于奥运我还想知道___________________________________________________________。我对这节课的建议是___________________________________________________________。三.测试性评价Ⅰ.单词拼写根据下列句子所提供的汉语提示或所给单词的首字母，写出各单词正确的完全形式(每空限写一词)。1．Asisknowntoall,thea________OlympicGamesstartedinGreecein776BC.2.Chinawon52goldm________inthe29thOlympicGames.3．Wecan________(竞争)withthebestteams.4．Thesportsmeetisabig________(事件)formyschool.答案：1．ancient众所周知，古代奥运会于公元前776年起源于希腊。2．medals中国在二十九届奥运会上获得了52枚金牌。3．compete我们能与最好的队竞争。4．event这次运动会是我校的大事。Ⅱ.介副词填空1．Howmanycountriestookpart________theBeijingOlympicGames?2．WhatdoesCCTVstand________？3．WhowasChina'sfirstgoldmedalwinnerand________whatevent?4．Whatdothefiverings________theOlympicflagstandfor?5．Hecompeted________the100­metrerace________histeammates________scholarship.答案：1.in2.for3.for4.on5.in;with/against;forⅢ.易混模块采用attend，join，joinin,takepartin的适当形式填空1．Willyou________usfordinner?2．Hedecidedto________theconferenceinperson.3．Hisgrandpa________thePartyinhissixties.4．Howmanystudents________thesportsmeetofourschool?5．Everyeveningheplayedbridgeor________theshow.6．About400,000workers________the1912MayDaystrikes.7．They________himinavisittoLondon.8．He________anactive________theworkers'struggleforbetterpayandbettercondition.9．Theroad________thehighwayupahead.10．Danger________everythinghedid.答案：1.join2.attend/takepartin3.joined4.tookpartin5.attended6.joinedin7.joined8.took;partin9.joins10.attendedⅣ.完形填空阅读下面短文，理解大意，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。ThefirstOlympicGamesatOlympiawereheldin776B.C.Theywereheldevery__1__yearsfrom776B.C.to393A.D.Inancient__2__，gameswereclosely__3__totheworship(尊敬)ofthegodsandheroes.Theywerealsoheldaspartofreligiousceremonies(宗教仪式)to__4__diedheroes.Butfromthebeginning,thegamesatOlympiaservedto__5__theGreeksenseofnationalunity.Soeveryfouryearsover1,100years,thousandsof__6__stoppedallwarsand__7__toasmallsanctuaryinnorthwesternGreeceforfivedaysinthelatesummerfor__9__reason—towatchtheOlympicGames.Duringthattime，__9__fromallovertheGreekworldcompetedinanumberof__10__eventsandworshippedthegodsatOlympia.Theathletescompetednotfor__11__ormaterialgoods，__12__onlyforthehonorofbeingOlympicvisitors.LikeourOlympics，__13__athleteswereheroeswhoputtheirhometownsonthemap.However，__14__ourOlympics,only__15__whospokeGreekcouldcompete,insteadofathletesfromany__16__andthegameswere__17__heldatOlympiainsteadofmovingaroundtodifferentplaceseverytime.The__18__Olympicshadarichvarietyofgames.ManyofthesegamesaretheancestorsofourmodernOlympicGamesandhad__19__andplayingconditionswhichmodernathleteswouldbevery__20__with.Theyincludeboxing,jumping,running,wrestlingandsoon.1．A.two B．threeC．four D．one[答案：C根据第5空后提示，everyfouryears是固定用法，意为“每四年”。2．A.Britain B．Greece C．Russia D．China答案：B根据第5空后提示和常识可知，早期的奥运会是在希腊举办的。3．A.stuck B．known C．connected D．owed答案：Cbeconnectedto与……有联系。4．A.welcome B．honor C．call D．meet答案：B“纪念死去的英雄”，honor与hero有关。5．A.strengthen B．invent C．reach D．form答案：A加强与团结有关，句意是“奥林匹亚的比赛旨在加强希腊民族团结”。6．A.soldiers B．athletesC．people D．players答案：C下文watch提示选项。7．A.marched B．rodeC．flew D．crowded答案：D数千人观看，crowd作动词，意为“聚集”。与选项D相符。8．A.asingle B．some C．acertain D．no答案：Aforasinglereason“只有一个原因”。9．A.people B．audience C．competitors D．soldiers答案：C该空后竞赛提示选C项。10．A.physical B．athletic C．political D．interesting答案：B“田径项目”。11．A.money B．fames C．victory D．medal答案：A从下文知“参赛者”不是为了钱。与物质同类。12．A.and B．while C．but D．because答案：Cnot...but...“不是……而是……”。13．A.good B．all C．winning D．brave答案：C竞技与获胜有关。14．A.for B．unlike C．like D．as答案：B由However判断选择B项。15．A.freemen B．slaves C．poormen D．Frenchmen答案：A当时的历史背景提示选项A。16．A.continent B．town C．period D．country答案：D早期的奥运会并不是任何国家的人都可参加的。现代奥运与前者不同。17．A.always B．again C．usually D．sometimes答案：A常规做法。18．A.recent B．biggest C．ancient D．modern答案：C与下文的ourmodernOlympicGames相对应，had提示过去。19．A.armies B．rules C．competitors D．fields答案：B有项目就应有规则。20．A.agreeable B．delighted C．familiar D．popular答案：Cbefamiliarwith“熟悉……”。Ⅴ.阅读理解阅读下面的文章，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。TheGreatestShowonEarthTheOlympicGamesarethegreatestfestivalofsportintheworld.Everyfouryears,ahundredormorecountriessendtheirbestsportsmentocompeteforthehighesthonorsinsport.Asmanyas6,000peopletakepartinover20sports.Forthewinners,therearegoldmedalsandglory.Butthereishonor,too,forallwhocompete,winorlose.ThatisinthespiritoftheOlympics—totakepartiswhatmatters.TheOlympicGamesalwaysstartinabrightcolorandaction.Theteamsofallnationsparadeintheopeningceremony(仪式)andmarchroundthetrack.ThecustomisfortheGreekteamtomarchinfirst,foritwasinGreecethattheOlympicsbegan.TheteamofthecountrywheretheGamesarebeingheld—thehostcountry—marchesinlast.TherunnerwiththeOlympictorch(火炬)thenentersthestadiumandlightstheflame.AsportsmanfromthehostcountrytakestheOlympicoath(誓言)onbehalfofallthecompetitors.Thejudgesandofficialsalsotakeanoath.Afterthesportsmenmarchoutofthestadium,thehostcountryputsonawonderfuldisplay.Thecompetitionsbeginthenextday.ThereareusuallymorethantwentysportsintheGames.Theruleisthattheremustbeatleastfifteen.Themaineventsareinthetrackandfield,butitisafewdaysbeforethesesportsstart.Eachdaythecompetitorstakepartindifferentsports—riding,shooting,swimming,andcross­countryrunning.Pointsaregainedforeachevent.Medalsareawardedfortheindividualwinnersandfornationalteams.1．Whyistherehonorforthelosersaswellasforthewinners?A．Becausefa