学术英语(管理)含课后答案-Unit 5课件

E-business(electronicbusiness),atermcoinedbyIBM’smarketingand

Internet

teams

in

1996,

is

defined

as

the

application

ofinformation

and

communication

technologies

in

support

of

businessactivities.

It

enables

companies

to

link

their

internal

and

externaldata

processing

systems

more

efficiently,

to

work

more

closely

withsuppliers

and

partners,

and

to

better

satisfy

the

needs

of

theircustomers.

In

this

unit,

we

will

learn

about

e-business

throughconcreteexamples.•

Listening•

Writing•

SpeakingActivityLead-inUnit5E-BusinessActivityGroup

discussion•

Divideintogroupsof4-5anddiscussthefollowingquestions:Whatise-business?Whatareitsfunctions?•

Divisionofthetextintothreepartsaccordingtothetitle.TheFutureof

E-Business:Growth,Opportunities,andChallengesLead-inUnit5E-BusinessActivityListen

to

an

introduction

to

the

concept

of

e-business,and

fill

in

the

blanks

with

the

exact

words

you

hear.collaboratingwithbusinesspartnersIBMpartsandsuppliesdojointresearchE-Business

•

Text

AThe

Future

of

E-Business:

Growth,Opportunities,

and

Challenges•

Specializedvocabulary•

FormalEnglishTextACriticalreadingandthinkingUnit5E-BusinessBackgroundinformationE-Business•

AtermusedtodescribebusinessesrunontheInternet,orutilizingInternettechnologiestoimprovetheproductivityorprofitabilityofabusiness.Inamoregeneralsense,thetermmaybeusedtodescribeanyformofelectronicbusiness—thatistosay,anybusinesswhichutilizesacomputer.Inmostcontextse-businessrefersexclusivelytoInternetbusinesses.TextACriticalreadingandthinkingUnit5E-BusinessOverview—TextanalysisGrowth•

Definition

of

business

modelsAbusinessmodelrepresentsagroupofcommoncharacteristicsandmethodsofdoingbusinesstogeneratesalesrevenuesandreduceexpenses.TextACriticalreadingandthinkingUnit5E-BusinessOverview—Textanalysis•

Two

most

popular

e-business

modelsB2BType1:Focusingonfacilitatingsalestransactionsbetweenbusinessese.g.DellType2:involvingacompanyanditssupplierse.g.GM;FordTextACriticalreadingandthinkingUnit5E-BusinessOverview—TextanalysisB2C•

focusingonindividualconsumers•

understandinghowconsumersbehaveonline•

AfewquestionsforB2Ccompaniestoanswer•

Theimportanceoflong-termrelationshipwithcustomere.g.Barnes&NTextACriticalreadingandthinkingUnit5E-BusinessOverview—Textanalysis•

Other

modelsC2BC2CO2OTextACriticalreadingandthinkingUnit5E-BusinessOverview—TextanalysisOpportunities•

Internetwillcontinuetoexpandalongwithrelatedtechnologies.•

Todate,onlyasmallpercentoftheglobalpopulationusestheInternet.•

Increasinguseofsmartphonesandothermobiledevices•

Firmsthatadaptexistingbusinessmodelstoanonlineenvironmentwillcontinuetodominatedevelopment.TextACriticalreadingandthinkingUnit5E-BusinessOverview—TextanalysisChallenges:adaptingtoenvironmentalforcesType

ofenvironmental

DefinitionforcesFactorsinvolvedTextACriticalreadingandthinkingUnit5E-BusinessOverview—TextanalysisType

ofenvironmental

DefinitionforcesFactorsinvolvedInternalforcesfactorscloselyafirm’splanningassociatedwiththeactionsanddecisionstakingplacewithinafirmactivities,organizationstructure,humanresources,managementdecisions,informationdatabase,availablefinancingExternalforcesfactorsaffectinge-businessplanningthat

demographic,societal,originatefromoutside

economic,competitive,globalization,theorganizationtechnological,andpoliticalandlegalforcesTextACriticalreadingandthinkingUnit5E-BusinessGroupdiscussion•

Listsomefamouse-businessesyouknow.•

Whatarethesee-businessesmostfamousfor?•

Whataretheirrespectivebusinessmodels?•

Whatistheirgreatestsource(s)ofrevenue?TextALanguagebuilding-upUnit5E-BusinessSpecializedvocabularyTranslatethefollowingtermsfromEnglishintoChineseorviceversa.•

e-businessmodels•

reduceexpenses•

电子商务模式•

减少开销•

corporateclients•

企业客户•

unsoldinventory•

未售的存货•

批发商和零售商•

比较购物•

wholesalersandretailers•

comparisonshopping•

buyingpreferences•

individualizedservice•

购物偏好•

个性化服务TextALanguagebuilding-upUnit5E-BusinessSpecializedvocabularyTranslatethefollowingtermsfromEnglishintoChineseorviceversa.•

创造销售收入•

简化交易程序•

generatesalesrevenues•

facilitatesalestransactions•

标价合理、高品质的电脑产品

•

fairlypriced,high-qualitycomputerproducts•

largequantitiesofrawmaterials•

大量的原材料•

increasethevolumeofpurchases•

增加购买量•

buildlong-termrelationshipswiththecustomers•

与消费者建立长期的关系•

broadbandaccesstotheInternet•

因特网宽带连接•

informationdatabase•

信息数据库TextALanguagebuilding-upUnit5E-BusinessSpecializedvocabulary•

salesrevenue:

销售收入Salesrevenue

istheamountrealizedfromsellinggoodsorservicesinthenormaloperationsofacompanyinaspecifiedperiod.Companiescancalculatetheir

salesrevenue

fromaderivednumberbasedonthecostofaunitandthenumberofunitssold.TextALanguagebuilding-upUnit5E-BusinessSpecializedvocabulary•

conductbusiness:

开展业务Hesaidhehadto

conductsomebusiness

withthegrainmerchant.•

salestransaction:

销售，交易Everyday,millionsofpeopletakepartincountless

salestransactionsacrosstheglobe,creatingaconstantflowofvalue.TextALanguagebuilding-upUnit5E-BusinessSpecializedvocabulary•

carryingcosts:

持有成本Inmarketing,

carryingcost

referstothetotalcostofholdinginventory.•

comparisonshopping:

货比三家Sisa

comparisonshopping

websitethatcomparespricesandproductsatonlinestorestohelpconsumerssavemoney.TextALanguagebuilding-upUnit5E-BusinessSpecializedvocabulary•

long-termrelationships:

长期关系Oureffortsarefocusedinbuildingandmaintaining

long-termrelationships.•

buyingpreference:

购买倾向Thecompanycouldcarryoutthequestionnairestomakesurethecustomers’

buyingpreference

andtheirhabitsofbuyingtoys.TextALanguagebuilding-upUnit5E-BusinessFormalEnglishThefollowingsentencesareselectedfromTextA.Replacetheunderlinedformalwordswithlessformalones.knowmorethanenoughveryimpressive,extraordinaryTextALanguagebuilding-upUnit5E-BusinessFormalEnglishgiveprotectTextAUnit5E-BusinessSuggestedanswersCompletethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectformofthetermsinthebox.conductbusinessHumanresourcesTextAUnit5E-BusinessSuggestedanswersCompletethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectformofthetermsinthebox.buyingpreferencesgeneratesalesrevenue–

Backgroundinformation–

SpeakingTextBBackgroundinformationUnit5E-BusinessAnotherwaytolookate-businessmodels•

Storefront(店面)model•

Auctionmodel•

Portalmodel•

Dynamic-pricingmodel•

AdvertisingTextBBackgroundinformationUnit5E-BusinessStorefrontmodel•

Buyersandsellersinteractdirectly.•

ManyleadingstorefrontmodelcompaniesareB2C•

Theshopping-carttechnology

isthemostcommonlyuesedtool•

Onlineshoppingmalls

gatherawidevarietyofvendorsfortheconvenienceofconsumersTextBBackgroundinformationUnit5E-BusinessAuctionmodel•

Asellerpostsanitemforsell,setsaminimumpriceandadeadlinetoclosetheauction.•

Abidderviewsthecurrentbiddingactivityandplacesabid—usuallyindesignatedincrements.•

Auctionsitesusuallyrequireacommissiononsalesthereverse-auctionmodelallowsthebuyertosetapricethatsellerscompetetomatch,orevenbeat.TextBBackgroundinformationUnit5E-BusinessPortalmodel•

Horizontalportals(水平门户):orsearchengines,theyaggregateinformationonabroadrangeoftopics•

Verticalportals

(垂直门户):theyofferinformationonasingleareaofinterestTextBBackgroundinformationUnit5E-BusinessDynamic-pricingmodel•

Name-your-pricemodel:customersstatethepricetheyarewillingtopay,andtheymustmakethepurchasewhensuchapriceisacceptedbybusinesses.(e.g.P)•

Comparison-pricingmodel(e.g.P)•

Demand-sensitivepricingmodel(groupdiscounts)(e.g.G)•

Barteringmodel(以货易货):offeroneiteminexchangeforanother(e.g.U)•

Rebates(退款):customersreceivearebateoneverypurchase.(e.g.E)TextBBackgroundinformationUnit5E-BusinessAdvertisingMajorrevenuemodels•

CPM(CostPerMille)orCPT(CostPerThousandImpressions)每千人成本，千人印象成本•

CPV(CostPerVisitor)单个访问者成本•

CPV(CostPerView)单次浏览成本•

CPC(CostPerClick)orPPC(Payperclick)单次点击成本，按点击付费•

CPA(CostPerActionorCostPerAcquisition)orPPF(PayPerPerformance)单次行动成本，按业绩付费•

CPA(CostPerConversion)单次转化成本TextBCriticalreadingandthinkingUnit5E-BusinessTextanalysisCase1:Travelocity•

WhatbusinessmodelshasTravelocityadopted?•

OfPorter'sthreegenericcorporatestrategies,whichhasTravelocityadopted?•

WhatisTravelocity'sgrowth/expansionstrategy?TextBCriticalreadingandthinkingUnit5E-BusinessTextanalysisTravelocity'sbusinessmodels•

B2C•

shopfrontmodel(shoppingmall:flights,hotels,carrentals,travelpackages)•

verticalportalmodel•

dynamicpricingmodel(comparison-pricing;)TextBCriticalreadingandthinkingUnit5E-BusinessTextanalysisCorporatestrategy•

Startingfromlowcost•

Migratingtowarddifferentiationtobuildcustomerloyalty•

Focusingonthewholetravelexperience•

CustomerBillofRights•

Encouragingcustomerstocall(athighercosts)•

Honorcommitmenttocustomerseveniferroneouslycommitted•

User-friendlywebsiteredesignTextBCriticalreadingandthinkingUnit5E-BusinessTextanalysisGrowth/expansionstrategy•

Fromplaneticketstotravelpackages•

FromB2CtoB2B(corporatetravel)•

FromAmericatointernational(usedtobeaU.K.company)•

FromonewebsitetoseveralTextBCriticalreadingandthinkingUnit5E-BusinessTextanalysisCase2:AWinningformulaforfashionretail•

livechat:在线聊天Live

chat

allowsyourbusinesstointeractwithyourwebsitevisitorsinrealtime.•

rock-bottomprice:

最低价Hesaid$50.00wasthe

rock-bottom

price.TextBCriticalreadingandthinkingUnit5E-BusinessTextanalysis•

mediacoverage:媒体报道The2003invasionofIraqinvolvedunprecedentedU.S.media

coverage,particularlybyFOXNews.•

giftcertificate:

礼品券Lookingforlastminutegiftideas?PurchaseAlaskaAirlines

gift

certificates

onlineforfriendsandfamily.TextBCriticalreadingandthinkingUnit5E-BusinessTextanalysis•

travelpackage:旅行套餐Findcheap

travel

packages

anddealsthatmeetyourbudgetandtravelneeds.•

adcampaign:广告宣传活动Agood

advertising

campaign

willincreasesales.Unit5E-BusinessListeningJeffBezos:BoyBillionaireListen

once

and

answer

the

following

questions.•

AtwhatratewastheInternetgrowingbackintheyear1994?•

WhatproductdidJeffexpectthatpeoplewouldmostlikelytobuyontheweb?Andwhy?•

WhatdidJeff’smomthinkaboutgivingfamilysavingstoJeffwhenhestartedAmazon?•

Why,accordingtoJeff,isn’tafamilygaragethebestplacetolaunchahigh-techcompany?•

WhatdidJeffandhisteamhaveinmindasatopprioritywhentheyaddedsomethingontotheirwebsite?Unit5E-BusinessListeningJeffBezos:BoyBillionaireKeys:•

2300%ayear.•

Books.Bookscanbeextensivelycatalogedandareeasytoship.Theyareoneofthethingsyou’vethisadvantageonline—you’veinfiniteshopspace.•

ShethoughttheinvestmentwasnotinAmazon,ayetunnamedcompany.TheinvestmentwasinJeffandtheyhadmadealifetimeoftheirinvestmentsinJeff.•

Itisnotbecauseafamilygaragemightrunoutofroomforpeople,butbecauseitmightrunoutofelectricpower.•

Simplicity.Unit5E-BusinessListeningFill

in

the

blanks

as

you

listen

a

second

time.1.

OriginallycreatedbytheUSDefenseDepartment,theInternethasonlyrecentlybeenopentothepublic.Atfirst,sendemailsandsearchdatabasespeopleuseditto___________________________.2.

Peoplereallyforgethow_________