新视野大学英语1读写教程

新视野大学英语1读写教程第1页/共151页.具体任务学习策略检查方式熟悉掌握第4单元词汇观看微课视频，注意重音；背单词时，注意单词的词性，搭配等检查读音，大部分单词的意思跟读课文音频，熟读课文注意语音语调，意群的停顿，连读，略读课堂抽查学会用问题—实例—总结模式写作注意问题和实例之间的联系。课前预习、课堂讨论背诵：Para7&Para13

思考如何将背诵的句子应用于写作当中

课文学习结束后课堂抽查第12-13周

16级一级起点大学英语读写课前任务安排第2页/共151页Aheroisamanwhodoeswhathecan.

—RomainRollandHeroismislatentineveryhumansoul.

—JoshuaLawrenceChamberlain14UNIT第3页/共151页SectionA

14UNITHeroesamongusToapplythephrasesandpatternsObjectivesTotalkaboutheroismTounderstandthetextfullyTomastertheparagraphwritingskillHeroesofourtime第4页/共151页ContentsWarming-upactivitiesTextstudyLanguageapplicationSummaryHeroesamongusSectionA第5页/共151页Lead-inPre-readingactivitiesCulturalbackgroundWarming-upactivitiesHeroesamongusSectionA第6页/共151页1.Whoisthegreatestheroinyourmind?AndWhy?TipsMaoZedong,ZhouEnlai,…(greatleaderswholedChinesepeopletowardindependenceandliberation)WenTianxiang,YueFei,QiJiguang…(nationalheroeswhodedicatedtheirlivestonationalunityinChinesehistory)ShortanswerquestionsHuangJiguang,QiuShaoyun,DongCunrui…(combatheroeswhosacrificedtheirownlivestofulfilltheoperationalmission)WuJuping(themostbeautifulmother),ZhangLili(themostbeautifulteacher)…(civilianheroeswhoriskedtheirownlivestosaveothersinmoderntimes)第7页/共151页TipsAgoodheartThereadinesstolendahandtopeopleintroubleThecouragetoriskone’sownlifetohelpothersindangerThedeterminationtofightforhisowncountryandpeople2.Whatmakesaheroinyoureyes?Shortanswerquestions第8页/共151页ListentoanewsreportaboutamannamedWesleyAustreyandfillintheblanks.Listeningandtalking50;constructionworker;fell;jumpedonto;pressed第9页/共151页1.DoyouregardWesleyAustreyasahero?Whyorwhynot?2.Whatwouldyoudoifyouwereatthescene?ListentoanewsreportaboutamannamedWesleyAustreyanddiscussthequestions.Listeningandtalking第10页/共151页1.DoyouregardWesleyAustreyasahero?Whyorwhynot?Yes.immediatelyjumpontothetracksbefullyawareofthedangershowunusualcourageintimeofdangerTipsNo.behaveirresponsiblyhistwokidswerewatchinghimListeningandtalking第11页/共151页2.Whatwouldyoudoifyouwereatthescene?doubtifIwouldbecourageousenoughshoutatthemantellhimtostaybetweenthetrackslowerhisbodyandkeephisheaddownTipsListeningandtalking第12页/共151页EverytimewhenIreadthefivethousandyearsoldChinesehistory,Iammovedand_________bythoseearthshakingheroes.EmperorQinShiHuang,LiShiming,ZhaoKuangyin…Iamalsoa______creatureofgod,andtheendproductofthousandsofyearsofevolution.Therefore,Iambetter________inbothmindandbodythanalltheemperorsandwisemenwhoprecededme.Listentoashortpassageandfillinthemissinginformation.convinceduniqueCompounddictationequipped第13页/共151页AslongasIamcrazy,and______________thelimits,Iwillhavehope.Iwillnevergiveupachanceofbeingahero.

Onlymediocrepeopleareeasilysatisfied.Iamamediocreperson____________.Mediocrityisalientome,justlikethefireandwater.Iwill__________mylimitsagainandagain,neverallowmyselftobringregretsand_______intomygrave.breakthrough

bynomeanschallengesorrowListentoashortpassageandfillinthemissinginformation.Compounddictation第14页/共151页Iwillnevergiveupachanceofbeingahero.Lifeisonlyonce.Anybodywilldienomatterwhathewilldo.Itmaylieindifferentroads__________thesameending.Whilethekeytolifeliesinthesedifferentroads,Iwillwalkthejourneybravelyandrigidlyandexertmy_________completely.leadingtopotentialListentoashortpassageandfillinthemissinginformation.Compounddictation第15页/共151页Greateraprovideseveryonegreat______________.Mydestinyisinmyhand.Iwilltrymybesttocarryforwardmylife.Thereisonlyoneselfintheworld.Iwillwalkonlyonceinthisworld.

Iwillnevergiveupachanceofbeingahero.opportunitiesListentoashortpassageandfillinthemissinginformation.Compounddictation第16页/共151页QuestionspreviewingCulturalbackground1.WhoisNelsonMandela?Whywashesofamous?2.WhatisGreg’sLaw?Whyisitnamedafteraperson?第17页/共151页NelsonMandelaWhoisNelsonMandela?Whywashesofamous?TipsthefirstblackPresidentofSouthAfricaananti-apartheidactivisttheleaderofthearmedwingoftheAfricanNationalCongressbearrestedandsentencedtolifeinprisonserve27yearsinprisonleadhispartytoendapartheidafterhisreleasebringaboutapeacefultransitiontononracialdemocracyinSouthAfricareceivethe1993NobelPeacePrize第18页/共151页Tips2.WhatisGreg’sLaw?Whyisitnamedafteraperson?bepassedin2009aspartofalargerRoadSafetyBilltargetmotoristswhodrivewhilesuspended,unlicensedanduninsuredintroducestrictersentencing,includingaseven-dayvehicleimpoundment(扣押).inmemoryofpoliceofficerGregStobbart,whowastragicallykilledwhileridinghisbikeGreg’sLaw第19页/共151页Mainidea&structureLanguagefocusCriticalthinkingTextstudyHeroesamongusSectionA第20页/共151页Example1(civilianheroes)StructureofthetextQuestion(para.1)1.DanielHernardezsavedhisbossandfriend.(para.2)2.DoryStoddardsavedhiswife.(para.4)Conclusion:BothDanielandDoryarecivilianheroesastheyactedinstinctivelywithcourageandgracewhensituationscallfor.(para.5)Mainidea&structure第21页/共151页Example1(civilianheroes)QuestionExample2(Firstresponderheroes)FirstrespondersarealsohonoredasheroesascanbeseenfromtheexampleofSergeant.RyanRussell.(para.6)Heroesinthepastwerethosewhoperformedactsofextraordinarycouragewhiletodayheroesareaveragemenandwomen.(para.7-8)Weexpectfirstresponderstorushtowarddanger.Sowhentheydiedoingthat,weshouldrecognizetheirheroicefforts.(para.9-12)StructureofthetextMainidea&structure第22页/共151页Example1(civilianheroes)QuestionExample2(Firstresponderheroes)ConclusionTheencouragingstoriesofheroes,bothcivilianheroesandfirstresponders,showthatordinarypeoplecandoheroicthings.Weshouldnotonlyhonorthem,butalsochangethesituationsthatmayleadtotheirdeath.Weshouldtrytoactheroicallyifcircumstancescallonus.(para.13)StructureofthetextMainidea&structure第23页/共151页Example1(civilianheroespara2-4)Question(para1)Example2(Firstresponderheroespara5-12)Conclusion(para13)StructureofthetextMainidea&structure第24页/共151页ExamplesQuestionConclusionStructureofthetextMainidea&structure第25页/共151页TextAisanessayonpeople’sviewaboutwhatmakesahero.Itispointedoutthatinthepasttheword“hero”wasreservedforthosewhoperformedactsofcouragebeyondthecallofdutyorforgreatleaders,whiletodayheroescanbeordinarypeoplelikeus.Besides,firstresponders,whosedutyistorushtowarddanger,arealsoheroes,evenwhentheireffortsfailedtobringaboutdesirableeffects.Hopefully,wewillalsoactheroicallywhencircumstancescallonus.MainideaofthepassageMainidea&structure第26页/共151页MainideasofthepartsTipsWhatthesisstatementdoestheauthormakeaboutheroestoday?(Para.1)Theword“hero”becomesmorecommonandisusedtorefertobothvictimsandsurvivorsofallkindsofdifficultiesandtragedies.Mainidea&structure第27页/共151页TipsWhatquestiondoestheauthorraiseafterwards?(Para.1)Whoaretheheroesamongus?MainideasofthepartsMainidea&structure第28页/共151页PartI—(Para.1)commonvictimsTodaytheword“hero”becomesmore________andisusedtorefertoboth_______and________ofallkindsofdifficultiesandtragedies.survivorsMainideasofthepartsMainidea&structure第29页/共151页Languagefocus1.Who'saherothesedays?Inaneraofheightenedheroism,thewordherohasbecomemorecommon.(Para.1)Meaning:Inatimewhenthereisanincreasingnumberofimpressiveactionsofgreatcourage,thewordherohasbeenusedmorefrequently.era:n(C)[C]aperiodoftimeinhistorythatisknownforaparticularevent,orforparticularqualities时代；年代Wearelivingintheinformationera.heighten:v.ifsthheightensafeeling,effect,etc,itbecomesstrongerorincreases.（使）加强，（使）增加Smokingmayheightentheriskofcancer.第30页/共151页Languageappreciation

在一个英雄主义发扬光大的时代，“英雄”一词已经变得更加常见。

a.Inaneraofheightenedheroism,thewordherohasbecomemorecommon.(Para.1,L1)Languagefocus第31页/共151页Languagefocus2.We

use

hero

to

describe

both

victimsand

survivors

of

all

kinds

of

difficulties

and

tragedies.

Who

are

the

heroes

among

us.(Para.1)victim:[C]

sb.

who

has

been

attacked,

robbed,

or

murdered

受害者；牺牲者The

local

government

is

raising

money

to

help

the

victims

of

the

earthquake.survivor:[C]sb.whocontinuestoliveafteranaccident,war,orillness生还者；幸存者tradegy:1.[C,

U]

a

very

sad

event

that

shocks

people

because

it

involves

death

悲剧性事件；惨剧；惨案

2.[C]aseriousplayorbookthatendssadly,esp.withthedeathofthemaincharacter悲剧（作品）第32页/共151页WhatexamplesofheroicdeedsdoestheauthorprovideinPara.2and3?TipsPara2:_________________,whoranthroughdangerinamassshootingandsavedthelifeofhisbossandfriend,GabrielleGiffords.Para3:_______________,whosavedhiswifebyshieldingherfromthehailofbulletsinthemassshooting.DanielHernardezDoryStoddardMainideasofthepartsMainidea&structure第33页/共151页Whatconclusiondoestheauthordrawfromthetwoexamples?(Para.4)TipsTheyarecivilianheroes.MainideasofthepartsMainidea&structure第34页/共151页PartII—(Paras.2-4)BothDanielandDoryare_______heroesastheyactedinstinctivelywith________and______whensituationscallfor.civiliancouragegraceMainideasofthepartsMainidea&structure第35页/共151页Structure(Paras.1-4)QuestionExamples

ConclusionMainideasofthepartsMainidea&structure第36页/共151页Languagefocus3.InthedayssubsequenttoamassshootinginTucson,Arizona,manydescribed20-year-oldpoliticalassociateDanielHernandezasahero.(Para.2)Meaning:InthedaysafteramassshootinginTucson,manypeopleregarded20-year-oldDanielHernandez,whoworkedinpolitics,asahero.subsequent:(fml.)

happening

or

coming

after

sth.

else

随后的；继„之后的

Fires

and

floods

subsequent

to

an

earthquake

often

cause

greater

damage.

associate:[C]sb.whoyouworkordobusinesswith同事；（生意）伙伴vt.

make

a

connection

in

your

mind

between

one

thing

or

person

and

another

联想；联系

(associateAwithB)第37页/共151页Languagefocus4.Daniel

held

her

head

up

so

she

could

breathe

and

applied

pressure

to

her

wounds.(Para.2)Meaning:Danielheldherheadupsoshecouldbreath,andhepushedhardonherwoundsinordertostopherbleeding.第38页/共151页Para2applypressureto/onsth:给某物施加压力LanguagefocusFunctionalpatternsYoucanapplypressureontheinjurytomakethebloodbleedslower.(injury/bleed)意群提示你可以按压伤口让血流的慢些。短语应用第39页/共151页Languagefocus5.He

spoke

tender

words

of

sympathy,

telling

her

that

he

would

find

her

husband

and

her

parents

and

that

everything

would

be

fine.(Para.2)Meaning:Hetalkedgentlytoherandexpressedhiscareandunderstandingforhersuffering.tender:gentle

and

careful

in

a

way

that

shows

love

温柔的；体贴入微的；慈爱的The

singer’s

deep

and

tender

voice

is

perfect

for

this

music.

sympathy:[pl.,

U]

the

feeling

of

being

sorry

for

sb.

who

is

in

a

bad

situation

同情；同情心

When

her

husband

died,

she

received

many

letters

of

sympathy.

她丈夫去世的时候，她收到许多慰问信第40页/共151页

他用温柔体贴的话语安慰她，告诉她他会把她的丈夫和父母找来，告诉她一切都会好的。

b.Hespoketenderwordsofsympathy,tellingherthathewouldfindherhusbandandherparentsandthateverythingwouldbefine.(Para.2,L5)LanguageappreciationLanguagefocus第41页/共151页Languagefocus6.Dorygiveshislifeforhiswife,Mavy.(Para.3)Meaning:Dorydiedinordertosavehiswife,Mavy.giveone'slife:

dieinordertosaveotherpeopleorbecauseofastrongbelief捐躯；牺牲Manypeoplearewillingtogivetheirlivesforthegreatcauseoftheircountry.很多人愿意为自己祖国的伟大事业献出自己的生命第42页/共151页Languagefocus7.when

Dory

heard

shots

ring

out

he

immediately

fell

on

top

of

his

wife

to

shield

her

from

the

hail

of

bullets.(Para.3)Meaning:WhenDoryheardloudgunshots,heimmediatelyfellontopofhiswifetoprotectherfrombeingshot,forbulletsshoweredonthem.ring

out

produce

a

loud

clear

sound

发出响亮的声音

"Crack!"

A

gunshot

rang

out,

shocking

everyone

in

the

square.shield

sb./sth.

from

sb./sth.

protect

sb.

or

sth.

from

being

harmed

or

damaged

by

sb.

or

sth.

使免受

He

tries

his

best

to

shield

his

children

from

the

press.

他尽力保护自己的孩子避开媒体的关注第43页/共151页Languagefocus7.when

Dory

heard

shots

ring

out

he

immediately

fell

on

top

of

his

wife

to

shield

her

from

the

hail

of

bullets.(Para.3)hailn.1(a~ofbullets/stones,etc.)alargenumberofbullets,stones,etc.that

are

fired

or

thrown

at

sb.

一阵弹雨/像雹子般袭来的石块等The

riot

police

were

met

with

a

hail

of

stones.2

[U]

frozen

raindrops

which

fall

as

hard

balls

of

ice

雹；冰雹

Disastrous

weather

includes

drought,

floods,

hail,

and

strong

winds.

灾害性天气包括干旱、洪水、冰雹和强风。

vt.

describe

sb.

or

sth.

as

being

very

good

把„称赞为；把„誉为She’s

being

hailed

as

one

of

the

most

promising

young

dancing

stars

today.

第44页/共151页

一听到枪声，多利马上扑在妻子身上为她挡住扫射过来的子弹。

c.…whenDoryheardshotsringoutheimmediatelyfellontopofhiswifetoshieldherfromthehailofbullets.(Para.3,L2)LanguageappreciationLanguagefocus第45页/共151页Languagefocus8.At

the

memorialservice,

the

priest

said:

”Dory

didn’t

die

a

hero;

he

lived

a

hero.”.(Para.3)Meaning:Bysaying”Dory

didn’t

die

a

hero;

he

lived

a

hero.”,thepriestmeantthatDorywasaheroallthroughhislife;hebecameaheronotjustbecausehediedinabraveway.memorialservice

[C]aservicedoneormadeinordertoremindofsbwhohasdied.追悼会、追悼仪式Note：

Dory

didn’t

die

a

hero;

he

lived

a

hero中ahero做主语补足语。die后面可以接一些名词或形容词做主语补足语。第46页/共151页Languagefocus8.Long

known

for

his

remarkable

spirit

and

love

of

humanity,

Dory

Stoddard

died

as

he

had

always

lived,

assisting

others.(Para.3)Meaning:Doryhadbeenalwaysknownforhisnoblespiritandlovetowardotherpeople.Hehadawalyshelpedotherswhenhewasalive,andhediedwhenhewashelpingothers.remarkable

unusual

or

surprising

and

therefore

deserving

attention

or

praise

非凡的；不寻常的；显著的

It

is

that

kind

of

courage

and

determination

that

makes

him

a

most

remarkable

person.

第47页/共151页Languagefocus9.Long

known

for

his

remarkable

spirit

and

love

of

humanity,

Dory

Stoddard

died

as

he

had

always

lived,

assisting

others.(Para.3)humanity1

[U]

people

in

general

人；人类（总称）

Much

of

his

fortune

was

to

be

used

to

give

prizes

to

those

who

did

their

best

for

humanity.

2

[U]

kindness,

respect,

and

sympathy

toward

others

仁慈；博爱；同情心

Her

speech

showed

great

maturity

and

humanity.

3

[pl.]

(the

~ies)

subjects

of

study

such

as

literature,

history,

or

art,

rather

than

science

or

mathematics

人文学科

The

School

of

Humanities

offers

a

wide

range

of

courses

for

the

students.

人文学院为学生们提供各种各样的课程第48页/共151页Languagefocus10.These

are

civilian

heroes,

who

acted

instinctively

with

courage

and

grace

when

caught

up

in

extraordinary

circumstances.(Para.4)Meaning:Thesearenotpoliceofficersormilitarypeople;theyareordinarypeople.Buttheyareheroesbecausetheyactedoutoftheirinstinctwithcourageandgracewhentheywereinvolvedinunusualconditions.civilian(onlybeforenoun)relatingtocivilians平民的；百姓的；民用的；非军职的n.[C]anyonewhoisnotamemberofthemilitaryforcesorthepolice平民；老百姓grace：

1[U]

kind,

polite,

and

fair

behavior

善意；礼貌；体谅2

[U]

a

smooth

way

of

moving

that

looks

natural,

relaxed,

and

attractive

优美；优雅

第49页/共151页Thesearecivilianheroes,whoactedinstinctivelywithcourageandgracewhencaughtupinextraordinarycircumstances.Para4LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns他心甘情愿地接受了失败。with(good/agoodgrace):有风度地，情愿地平民的，非军职的出于本能地，天性地；直觉地Heacceptedthefailurewithagoodgrace.be/getcaughtupinsth:被卷入，陷入无辜的百姓被卷入了那场战争。Innocentpeoplegotcaughtupinthewar.第50页/共151页TipsArefirstrespondersconsideredheroes,too?MainideasofthepartsMainidea&structure

Firstrespondersarealsohonoredasheroes.Conclusion(implied):TipsSergeantRyanRussell,whotriedtostopadrunkdriverinastolensnowplowwithonlyhispolicecarandhisgoodwilltohelpothers,andwaskilled.Whatistheexampleoffirstresponders?(Para.6)WhatisthequestionraisedbytheauthorinPara.5?Question-Example-ConclusionPattern第51页/共151页Thesepeoplewerecalledheroesbecausetheyperformedactsof_____________________.TipsAccordingtothewriter,whatwereheroesinthepast?(Para.7)extraordinarycourageMainideasofthepartsMainidea&structure第52页/共151页TipsWhatareheroesnowadays?(Para.8)Nowadays,ourheroesare________menandwomen.ComparisonandContrastParagraph7Paragraph8averageMainideasofthepartsMainidea&structure第53页/共151页Question:Dofirstresponderswhofailtoachievetheirgoalsintheireffortsbecomeheroes?(Para.9)Example:EleanorMcMahonwassurethatSgt.Russellwasindeedaherobecauseheshoweddistinctcouragewhentryinghardtostopthesnowplowbeforeithurtothers.Shestronglyargued:It’snaturalforcivilianstorushtowardsafetyandawayfromdanger.Butheroesoffirstrespondersrushtowarddangertohelpthoseinneed.(Paras.10-11)Conclusion:Weexpectfirstresponderstorushforward,especiallywhenweorourlovedonesareindanger.Sowhentheydiedoingthat,weshouldrecognizetheirheroicefforts.(Para.12)Question-Example-ConclusionPatternMainideasofthepartsMainidea&structure第54页/共151页Para.III—(Paras.5-12)Firstrespondersareheroesnomattertheysucceedintheirefforttosavepeopleorgetinjuredorkilledintheirefforts.MainideasofthepartsMainidea&structure第55页/共151页Languagefocus11.But

what

about

first

responders,

whose

job

is,

in

the

words

of

the

widow

of

a

fallen

police

officer,

to

”rush

toward

danger”?(Para.5)responddo

sth.

as

a

reaction

to

sth.

that

has

been

said

or

done

作出反应；回应

The

fire

department

responded

to

the

call

within

minutes.

responder

[C]

a

person

who

does

sth.

as

a

reaction

to

sth.

that

has

been

said

or

done

回应者；应答者inthewordsofsb/insb’swordsas

sb.

says

or

writes

用某人的话来说Michael

and

his

sister

went

to

the

concert,

and

in

thewords

of

his

sister,

it

was

a

night

to

remember.第56页/共151页Languagefocus12.In

Toronto,

Canada,

downtown

life

stopped

when

more

than

11,000

police

and

other

emergency

responders

marched

solemnly

through

the

streets

to

honor

Sergeant

Ryan

Russell,

a

35-year-old

”good

man

and

good

cop”,

who

believed

deeply

in

his

commitment

to

protect

and

serve.

(Para.6)meaningSergeant

Ryan

Russell,35yearsold,isagoodmanandagoodpoliceman.Hebelieveddeeplythatitwashisdutytoprotectandservepeople.InthecenterofToronto,Canada,allotheractivitiesstoppedwhenmorethan11,000policeandotheremergencyrespondersmarchedseriouslythroughthestreetstohonorhim.第57页/共151页Languagefocus12.In

Toronto,

Canada,

downtown

life

stopped

when

more

than

11,000

police

and

other

emergency

responders

marched

solemnly

through

the

streets

to

honor

Sergeant

Ryan

Russell,

a

35-year-old

”good

man

and

good

cop”,

who

believed

deeply

in

his

commitment

to

protect

and

serve.

(Para.6)solemnly严肃地；郑重地；庄严地

“I

will

love

my

country

forever,”

Alex

declared

solemnly.

commitmentn.

1

[U]

the

hard

work

and

loyalty

that

sb.

gives

to

an

organization,

activity,

etc.

投入；忠诚；奉献

My

commitment

to

study

has

made

me

the

most

successful

person

in

my

small

town.

2

[C]

a

promise

to

do

sth.

or

to

behave

in

a

particular

way

承诺

We

made

a

commitment

to

keep

working

together.第58页/共151页

d.InToronto,Canada,downtownlifestoppedwhenmorethan11,000policeandotheremergencyrespondersmarchedsolemnlythroughthestreetstohonorpoliceman,SergeantRyanRussell,a35-year-old“goodmanandgoodcop”,whobelieveddeeplyinhiscommitmenttoprotectandserve.(Para.6,L1)

在加拿大多伦多市，11,000多名警察和其他应急人员肃穆地在大街上游行，纪念一位具有高度保护和服务意识的“好男人和好警察”、35岁的瑞安·罗素警佐。当时整个市中心的其他活动都停止了。LanguageappreciationLanguagefocus第59页/共151页Languagefocus13.Sgt.Russellmovedquicklytoprotectothersfromharm.

(Para.6)ptotectsb/sthfromsth保护；防护Shewantedtoprotectherchildfromtheeffectsofoutsideworld.第60页/共151页Languagefocus14.He

tried

to

stop

a

drunk

driver

in

a

stolen

snowplow

with

only

his

police

automobile

and

his

goodwill

to

help

others.

(Para.6)meaningHetriedtostopadrunkdiverinastolensnowplowwithonlyhispolicecarbecausehewaskindandwillingtohelpothers.drunkdriverapersonwhodrivesavehicleafterdrinkingtoomuchalcohol酒后驾车者drunk作表语形容词：hewasdrunk.drunken作定语形容词：drunkenpeople第61页/共151页Languagefocus14.He

tried

to

stop

a

drunk

driver

in

a

stolen

snowplow

with

only

his

police

automobile

and

his

goodwill

to

help

others.

(Para.6)meaningHetriedtostopadrunkdiverinastolensnowplowwithonlyhispolicecarbecausehewaskindandwillingtohelpothers.snowplowavehicleoramachineforcleaningsnowfromtheroadsandrailways雪犁，扫雪机goodwillkindfeelingstowardorbetweenpeopleandawillingnesstobehelpful好意，亲善，友善Aknowledgeofothercultureswillpromotegoodwillamongpeopleofdifferentbackgrounds.第62页/共151页Languagefocus15.It

used

to

be

that

the

word

hero

was

reserved

for

those

who

performed

acts

of

distinct

courage

beyond

the

call

of

duty.(Para.7)Meaning:Inthepast,thewordherowasusedtoparticularlytorefertothosewhoactedwithremarkablecourageandwhodidsomethingtheydidnothavedutytodo.distinct

1

(usu.

before

noun)

definite

and

obvious

确实的；显著的

After

the

principal

talked

with

her,

there

was

a

distinct

change

in

her

attitude.

2

separate

and

different

in

a

way

that

is

clear

有区别的；不同的；单独的3

able

to

be

clearly

seen,

heard,

smelt,

or

tasted

清晰的；清楚的；明显的

The

outline

of

the

ship

became

more

distinct.第63页/共151页在过去，“英雄”一词仅限于称呼那些做出超乎职责范围的特别英勇的行为的人们。

原句译文逆译练习Itusedtobethatthewordherowasreservedforthosewhoperformedactsofdistinctcouragebeyondthecallofduty.句型提炼LanguagefocusFunctionalpatternsPara7第64页/共151页Itusedtobethat…句型提炼应用提示用于表达“过去的某一习惯或情况现在已不存在”，表示与目前习惯或情况有所不同。句型应用LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns第65页/共151页(supremepower/image)典型例句在过去，只有享受至高无上权利的皇家才能使用龙的形象。意群提示Itusedtobethattheimageofdragoncouldonlybeusedbyroyalfamiliesthatenjoyedthesupremepower.LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns第66页/共151页(reservefor/furtherdiscussion)

Thisquestionmustbereservedforfurtherdiscussion.reservesth.forsb./sth.：保留；预留短语应用这个问题必须留待进一步讨论。意群提示PracticalphrasesLanguagefocusPara7第67页/共151页Languagefocus16.Asoldierwhorunsthroughgunfiretorescueother

militarypersonnelisseenasahero.(Para.7)military

used

by,

involving,

or

relating

to

the

army,

navy,

or

air

force

军用的；军事的；军队的A

country’s

power

can

be

measured

by

its

military

and

economic

resources.

第68页/共151页personnel

(Para.7)n.[pl.]thepeoplewhoworkinacompany,organization,ormilitaryforce（公司、组织或军队中的）人员；员工；职员Thepersonnelresponsibleforprocessingalltheselettersshallstayuntilthejobisover.Translation:负责处理这些信件的人员要留下来，直到工作结束。Languagefocus第69页/共151页personnel

(Para.7)1.只有单数形式，但表达的是复数概念。2.作主语时，其谓语动词一般要用复数。Aretheresufficientpersonnelonboardandashoretodealwithanemergency?Translation:船上和岸上是否有足够的人员来处理紧急情况？形近词personality:n.[C,U]个性；名人personal:a.个人的；亲自的；针对个人的Languagefocus第70页/共151页Fillintheblankswiththerightformofthewordspersonnel,personalityandpersonal.AndthentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.1.Anumberoflocal___________werepresentatthemeeting.当地的一些名人出席了会议。2.Thisisa_________matter;Iseenoneedtodiscussitwithabunchofreporters.这是个私人问题，我觉得没有必要和一帮记者谈论这个问题。3.All

_________

aretoreceivesecuritybadges.

所有人员都将拿到保安徽章。4.Weallhaveahighopinionofhis

_________

andabilities.

我们都对他的个性和能力评价很高。personalitiespersonalpersonnelpersonalityLanguagefocus第71页/共151页Languagefocus17.Soarelarger-than-lifeleaderssuchasNelsonMandela,whoemergedafter27

years

of

jail,

confined

in

a

solitary

chamber.

He

made

the

choice

not

to

be

bitter,

and

worked

hard

as

South

Africa’s

first

black

president

to

establish

harmony

and

helped

society

reconcile

its

conflicted

past.(Para.7)Meaning:ThoseextraordinaryleaderssuchasNelsonMandela,arealsoregardedasheroes.Mandelahadbeenkeptaloneinarooninprisonfor27years.Afterhewassetfree,hedidn'tcomplainaboutthepast.Instead,he,asSouthAfrica'sfirstblackpresident,workedhardtobuildacountryinwhichpeoplecouldliveandworktogetherpeacfully.TherehadbeendisagreementamongdifferentgroupsofpeopleinSouthAfrica,buthehelpedtobringthemtoacccepteachother.第72页/共151页Languagefocus17.Soarelarger-than-lifeleaderssuchasNelsonMandela,whoemergedafter27

years

of

jail,

confined

in

a

solitary

chamber.

(Para.7)confine

vt.

1

keep

sb.

in

a

place

that

they

cannot

leave,

such

as

a

prison

监禁；禁闭

The

criminal

was

caught

and

confined

to

prison

for

two

years.

2

if

sth.

is

confined

to

one

area

or

group

of

people,

it

happens

only

in

that

area

or

affect

only

that

group

of

people

使局限于

The

risk

of

infection

is

confined

to

relatively

small

groups.

solitary

a.

1

doing

sth.

without

anyone

else

with

you

单独的；无伴的2(onlybeforenoun)usedtoemphasizethatthereisonlyoneofsth.单个的；唯一的第73页/共151页Languagefocus17.