Linux命令简写与全称梳理

Linux命令简写与全称su：Swithuser

切换用户，切换到root用户

cat:Concatenate

串联

uname:Unixname

系统名称

df:Diskfree

空余硬盘

du:Diskusage硬盘使用率

chown:Changeowner改变所有者

chgrp:Changegroup改变用户组

ps：ProcessStatus

进程状态

tar：Tapearchive解压文件

chmod:Changemode改变模式

umount:Unmount卸载

ldd：Listdynamicdependencies列出动态相依

insmod：Installmodule安装模块

rmmod：Removemodule删除模块

lsmod：Listmodule列表模块

alias:Createyourownnameforacommand

bash:GNUBourne-AgainShell

linux内核

grep:globalregularexpressionprint

httpd:StartApache

ipcalc:CalculateIPinformationforahost

ping:SendICMPECHO_Requesttonetworkhosts

reboot:Restartyourcomputer

sudo:Superuserdo

/bin=BINaries

/dev=DEVices

/etc=存放配置文件的地方。配置文件的目录

EditableTextConfiguration初期etcetradirectory（ETCetera）,后来"EditableTextConfiguration"或者"ExtendedToolChest"。

/opt=Optionalapplicationsoftwarepackages

pwd

=

printworkingDirectory(打印工作目录)。

/lib=LIBrary

/proc=PROCesses

/sbin=SuperuserBINaries

/tmp=TeMPorary

/usr=UnixSharedResources

/var=VARiable?是储存各种变化的文件，比如log等等

FIFO=FirstIn,FirstOut

GRUB=GRandUnifiedBootloader

IFS=InternalFieldSeperators

LILO=LInuxLOader

MySQL=My最初作者的名字SQL=StructuredQueryLanguage

PHP=PersonalHomePageTools=PHPHypertextPreprocessor

PS=PromptString

Perl="PraticalExtractionandReportLanguage"="PathologicallyEclecticRubbishLister"

PythonMontyPython'sFlyingCircus

Tcl=ToolCommandLanguage

Tk=ToolKit

VT=VideoTerminal

YaST=YetAnotherSetupTool

apache="apatchy"server

apt=AdvancedPackagingTool

ar=archiver

as=assembler

bash=BourneAgainSHell

bc=Basic(Better)Calculator

bg=BackGround

cal=CALendar

cat=CATenate

cd=ChangeDirectory

chgrp=CHangeGRouP

chmod=CHangeMODe

chown=CHangeOWNer

chsh=CHangeSHell

cmp=compare

cobra=CommonObjectRequestBrokerArchitecture

comm=common

cp=CoPy

cpio=CoPyInandOut

cpp=CPreProcessor

cups=CommonUnixPrintingSystem

cvs=CurrentVersionSystem

daemon=DiskAndExecutionMONitor

dc=DeskCalculator

dd=DiskDump

df=DiskFree

diff=DIFFerence

dmesg=diagnosticmessage

du=DiskUsage

ed=editor

egrep=ExtendedGREP

elf=ExtensibleLinkingFormat

elm=ELectronicMail

emacs=EditorMACroS

eval=EVALuate

ex=EXtended

exec=EXECute

fd=filedescriptors

fg=ForeGround

fgrep=FixedGREP

fmt=format

fsck=FileSystemChecK

fstab=FileSystemTABle

fvwm=F***VirtualWindowManager

gawk=GNUAWK

gpg=GNUPrivacyGuard

groff=GNUtroff

hal=HardwareAbstractionLayer

joe=Joe'sOwnEditor

ksh=KornSHell

lame=LameAin'tanMP3Encoder

lex=LEXicalanalyser

lisp=LIStProcessing=LotsofIrritatingSuperfluousParentheses

ln=LiNk

lpr=LinePRint

ls=list

lsof=LiStOpenFiles

m4=MacroprocessorVersion4

man=MANualpages

mawk=MikeBrennan'sAWK

mc=MidnightCommander

mkfs=MaKeFileSystem

mknod=MaKeNODe

motd=MessageofTheDay

mozilla=MOsaicGodZILLa

mtab=MountTABle

mv=MoVe

nano=Nano'sANOthereditor

nawk=NewAWK

nl=NumberofLines

nm=names

nohup=NoHangUP

nroff=NewROFF

od=OctalDump

passwd=PASSWorD

pg=pager

pico=PIne'smessageCOmpositioneditor

pine="ProgramforInternetNews&Email"="PineisnotElm"

ping=

PacketInterNetGrouper

pirntcap=PRINTerCAPability

popd=POPDirectory

pr=pre

printf=PRINTFormatted

ps=ProcessesStatus

pty=pseudotty

pushd=PUSHDirectory

pwd=PrintWorkingDirectory

rc=runcom=runcommand,shell

rev=REVerse

rm=ReMove

rn=ReadNews

roff=RunOFF

rpm=RPMPackageManager=RedHatPackageManager

rsh,rlogin,=Remote

rxvt=ouRXVT

sed=StreamEDitor

seq=SEQuence

shar=SHellARchive

slrn=S-Langrn

ssh=SecureSHell

ssl=SecureSocketsLayer

stty=SetTTY

su=SubstituteUser

svn=SubVersioN

tar=TapeARchive

tcsh=TENEXCshell

telnet=TEminaLoverNetwork

termcap=terminalcapability

terminfo=terminalinformation

tr=traslate

troff=TypesetternewROFF

tsort=TopologicalSORT

tty=TeleTypewriter

twm=Tom'sWindowManager

tz=TimeZone

udev=UserspaceDEV

ulimit=User'sLIMIT

umask=User'sMASK

uniq=UNIQue

vi=VIsual=VeryInconvenient

vim=ViIMproved

wall=writeall

wc=WordCount

wine=WINEIsNotanEmulator

xargs=eXtendedARGuments

xdm=XDisplayManager

xlfd=XLogicalFontDescription

xmms=XMultimediaSystem

xrdb=XResourcesDataBase

xwd=XWindowDump

yacc=yetanothercompilercompiler

/var包含系统一般运行时要改变的数据。通常这些数据所在的目录的大小是要经常变化或扩充的。原来/var目录中有些内容是在/usr中的，但为了保持/usr目录的相对稳定，就把那些需要经常改变的目录放到/var中了。每个系统是特定的，即不通过网络与其他计算机共享。下面列出一些重要的目录(一些不太重要的目录省略了)。

1./var/catman：包括了格式化过的帮助(man)页。帮助页的源文件一般存在/usr/man/catman中；有些man页可能有预格式化的版本，存在/usr/man/cat中。而其他的man页在第一次看时都需要格式化，格式化完的版本存在/var/man中，这样其他人再看相同的页时就无须等待格式化了。(/var/catman经常被清除，就像清除临时目录一样。)

2./var/lib：存放系统正常运行时要改变的文件。

3./var/local：存放/usr/local中安装的程序的可变数据(即系统管理员安装的程序)。注意，如果必要，

即使本地安装的程序也会使用其他/var目录，例如/var/lock。

4./var/lock：锁定文件。许多程序遵循在/var/lock中产生一个锁定文件的约定，以用来支持他们正在使用某个特定的设备或文件。其他程序注意到这个锁定文件时，就不会再使用这个设备或文件。

5./var/log：各种程序的日志(log)文件，尤其是login(/var/log/wtmplog纪录所有到系统的登录和注销)和syslog(/var/log/messages纪录存储所有核心和系统程序信息)。/var/log里的文件经常不确定地增长，应该定期清除。

6./var/run：保存在下一次系统引导前有效的关于系统的信息文件。例如，/var/run/utmp包含当前登录的用户的信息。

7./var/spool：放置“假脱机(spool)”程序的目录，如mail、news、打印队列和其他队列工作的目录。每个不同的spool在/var/spool下有自己的子目录，例如，用户的邮箱就存放在/var/spool/mail中。

8./var/tmp：比/tmp允许更大的或需要存在较长时间的临时文件。注意系统管理员可能不允许/var/tmp有很旧的文件。

/etc文件系统

/etc目录包含各种系统配置文件，下面说明其中的一些。其他的你应该知道它们属于哪个程序，并阅读该程序的man页。许多网络配置文件也在/etc中。

1./etc/rc或/etc/rc.d或/etc/rc?.d：启动、或改变运行级时运行的脚本或脚本的目录。

2./etc/passwd：用户数据库，其中的域给出了用户名、真实姓名、用户起始目录、加密口令和用户的其他信息。

3./etc/fdprm：软盘参数表，用以说明不同的软盘格式。可用setfdprm进行设置。更多的信息见setfdprm的帮助页。

4./etc/fstab：指定启动时需要自动安装的文件系统列表。也包括用swapon-a启用的swap区的信息。

5./etc/group：类似/etc/passwd，但说明的不是用户信息而是组的信息。包括组的各种数据。

6./etc/inittab：init的配置文件。

7./etc/issue：包括用户在登录提示符前的输出信息。通常包括系统的一段短说明或欢迎信息。具体内容由系统管理员确定。

8./etc/magic：“file”的配置文件。包含不同文件格式的说明，“file”基于它猜测文件类型。

9./etc/motd：motd是messageoftheday的缩写，用户成功登录后自动输出。内容由系统管理员确定。常用于通告信息，如计划关机时间的警告等。

10./etc/mtab：当前安装的文件系统列表。由脚本(scritp)初始化，并由mount命令自动更新。当需要一个当前安装的文件系统的列表时使用(例如df命令)。

11./etc/shadow：在安装了影子(shadow)口令软件的系统上的影子口令文件。影子口令文件将/etc/passwd文件中的加密口令移动到/etc/shadow中，而后者只对超级用户(root)可读。这使破译口令更困难，以此增加系统的安全性。

12./etc/login.defs：login命令的配置文件。

13./etc/printcap：类似/etc/termcap，但针对打印机。语法不同。

14./etc/profile、/etc/csh.login、/etc/csh.cshrc：登录或启动时bourne或cshells执行的文件。这允许系统管理员为所有用户建立全局缺省环境。

15./etc/securetty：确认安全终端，即哪个终端允许超级用户(root)登录。一般只列出虚拟控制台，这样就不可能(至少很困难)通过调制解调器(modem)或网络闯入系统并得到超级用户特权。

16./etc/shells：列出可以使用的shell。chsh命令允许用户在本文件指定范围内改变登录的shell。提供一

台机器ftp服务的服务进程ftpd检查用户shell是否列在/etc/shells文件中，如果不是，将不允许该用户登录。

17./etc/termcap：终端性能数据库。说明不同的终端用什么“转义序列”控制。写程序时不直接输出转义

序列(这样只能工作于特定品牌的终端)，而是从/etc/termcap中查找要做的工作的正确序列。这样，多数的程序可以在多数终端上运行。Linux命令缩写大全linux下的很多目录，shell下的很多命令的英文经常让人一头雾水，其实溯其源头，往往是件有趣的事情，其中有些含有这群Geek的幽默诙谐，或者一个小故事。我在网上找了一份缩写的对照表，仅供参考~bin

=

BINaries

/dev

=

DEVices

/etc

=

ETCetera

/lib

=

LIBrary

/proc

=

PROCesses

/sbin

=

Superuser

BINaries

/tmp

=

TeMPorary

/usr

=

Unix

Shared

Resources

/var

=

VARiable

?

FIFO

=

First

In,

First

Out

GRUB

=

GRand

Unified

Bootloader

IFS

=

Internal

Field

Seperators

LILO

=

LInux

LOader

MySQL

=

My是最初作者女儿的名字，SQL

=

Structured

Query

Language

PHP

=

Personal

Home

Page

Tools

=

PHP

Hypertext

Preprocessor

PS

=

Prompt

String

Perl

=

"Pratical

Extraction

and

Report

Language"

=

"Pathologically

Eclectic

Rubbish

Lister"

Python

得名于电视剧Monty

Python's

Flying

Circus

Tcl

=

Tool

Command

Language

Tk

=

ToolKit

VT

=

Video

Terminal

YaST

=

Yet

Another

Setup

Tool

apache

=

"a

patchy"

server

apt

=

Advanced

Packaging

Tool

ar

=

archiver

as

=

assembler

awk

=

"Aho

Weiberger

and

Kernighan"

三个作者的姓的第一个字母

bash

=

Bourne

Again

SHell

bc

=

Basic

(Better)

Calculator

bg

=

BackGround

biff

=

作者Heidi

Stettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。

cal

=

CALendar

cat

=

CATenate

cd

=

Change

Directory

chgrp

=

CHange

GRouP

chmod

=

CHange

MODe

chown

=

CHange

OWNer

chsh

=

CHange

SHell

cmp

=

compare

cobra

=

Common

Object

Request

Broker

Architecture

comm

=

common

cp

=

CoPy

cpio

=

CoPy

In

and

Out

cpp

=

C

Pre

Processor

cron

=

Chronos

希腊文时间

cups

=

Common

Unix

Printing

System

cvs

=

Current

Version

System

daemon

=

Disk

And

Execution

MONitor

dc

=

Desk

Calculator

dd

=

Disk

Dump

df

=

Disk

Free

diff

=

DIFFerence

dmesg

=

diagnostic

message

du

=

Disk

Usage

ed

=

editor

egrep

=

Extended

GREP

elf

=

Extensible

Linking

Format

elm

=

ELectronic

Mail

emacs

=

Editor

MACroS

eval

=

EVALuate

ex

=

EXtended

exec

=

EXECute

fd

=

file

descriptors

fg

=

ForeGround

fgrep

=

Fixed

GREP

fmt

=

format

fsck

=

File

System

ChecK

fstab

=

FileSystem

TABle

fvwm

=

F***

Virtual

Window

Manager

gawk

=

GNU

AWK

gpg

=

GNU

Privacy

Guard

groff

=

GNU

troff

hal

=

Hardware

Abstraction

Layer

joe

=

Joe's

Own

Editor

ksh

=

Korn

SHell

lame

=

Lame

Ain't

an

MP3

Encoder

lex

=

LEXical

analyser

lisp

=

LISt

Processing

=

Lots

of

Irritating

Superfluous

Parentheses

ln

=

LiNk

lpr

=

Line

PRint

ls

=

list

lsof

=

LiSt

Open

Files

m4

=

Macro

processor

Version

4

man

=

MANual

pages

mawk

=

Mike

Brennan's

AWK

mc

=

Midnight

Commander

mkfs

=

MaKe

FileSystem

mknod

=

MaKe

NODe

motd

=

Message

of

The

Day

mozilla

=

MOsaic

GodZILLa

mtab

=

Mount

TABle

mv

=

MoVe

nano

=

Nano's

ANOther

editor

nawk

=

New

AWK

nl

=

Number

of

Lines

nm

=

names

nohup

=

No

HangUP

nroff

=

New

ROFF

od

=

Octal

Dump

passwd

=

PASSWorD

pg

=

pager

pico

=

PIne's

message

COmposition

editor

pine

=

"Program

for

Internet

News

&

Email"

=

"Pine

is

not

Elm"

ping

=

拟声

又

=

Packet

InterNet

Grouper

pirntcap

=

PRINTer

CAPability

popd

=

POP

Directory

pr

=

pre

printf

=

PRINT

Formatted

ps

=

Processes

Status

pty

=

pseudo

tty

pushd

=

PUSH

Directory

pwd

=

Print

Working

Directory

rc

=

runcom

=

run

command,

rc还是plan9的shell

rev

=

REVerse

rm

=

ReMove

rn

=

Read

News

roff

=

RunOFF

rpm

=

RPM

Package

Manager

=

RedHat

Package

Manager

rsh,

rlogin,

rvim中的r

=

Remote

rxvt

=

ouR

XVT

seamoneky

=

我

sed

=

Stream

EDitor

seq

=

SEQuence

shar

=

SHell

ARchive

slrn

=

S-Lang

rn

ssh

=

Secure

SHell

ssl

=

Secure

Sockets

Layer

stty

=

Set

TTY

su

=

Substitute

User

svn

=

SubVersioN

tar

=

Tape

ARchive

tcsh

=

TENEX

C

shell

tee

=

T

(T形水管接口)

telnet

=

TEminaL

over

Network

termcap

=

terminal

capability

terminfo

=

terminal

information

tex

=

τέχνη的缩写，希腊文art

tr

=

traslate

troff

=

Typesetter

new

ROFF

tsort

=

Topological

SORT

tty

=

TeleTypewriter

twm

=

Tom's

Window

Manager

tz

=

TimeZone

udev

=

Userspace

DEV

ulimit

=

User's

LIMIT

umask

=

User's

MASK

uniq

=

UNIQue

vi

=

VIsual

=

Very

Inconvenient

vim

=

Vi

IMproved

wall

=

write

all

wc

=

Word

Count

wine

=

WINE

Is

Not

an

Emulator

xargs

=

eXtended

ARGuments

xdm

=

X

Display

Manager

xlfd

=

X

Logical

Font

Description

xmms

=

X

Multimedia

System

xrdb

=

X

Resources

DataBase

xwd

=

X

Window

Dump

yacc

=

yet

another

compiler

compiler命令缩写：ls：list(列出目录内容)cd：ChangeDirectory（改变目录）su:switchuser

切换用户

rpm:redhatpackagemanager

红帽子打包管理器

pwd:printworkdirectory

打印当前目录显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径

ps:processstatus(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器)

常用参数：－auxf

ps-auxf

显示进程状态

df:diskfree

其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。

rpm：即RedHatPackageManagement，是RedHat的发明之一rmdir：RemoveDirectory（删除目录）rm：Remove（删除目录或文件）cat:concatenate连锁

catfile1file2>>file3把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中

insmod:installmodule,载入模块

ln-s:link-soft

创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式mkdir：MakeDirectory(创建目录touchman:Manual

pwd：Printworkingdirectory

su：Swithuser

cd：Changedirectory

ls：Listfiles

ps：ProcessStatus

mkdir：Makedirectory

rmdir：Removedirectory

mkfs:Makefilesystem

fsck：Filesystemcheck

cat:Concatenate

uname:Unixname

df:Diskfree

du:Diskusage

lsmod:Listmodules

mv:Movefile

rm:Removefile

cp:Copyfile

ln:Linkfiles

fg:Foreground

bg:Background

chown:Changeowner

chgrp:Changegroup

chmod:Changemode

umount:Unmount

dd:

本来应根据其功能描述“Convertancopy”命名为“cc”，但“cc”已经被用以代表“CComplier”，所以命名为“dd”

tar：Tapearchive

ldd：Listdynamicdependencies

insmod：Installmodule

rmmod：Removemodule

lsmod：Listmodule

文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resourceconfiguration

Knnxxx/Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）

.a（扩展名a）：Archive，staticlibrary

.so（扩展名so）：Sharedobject，dynamicallylinkedlibrary

.o（扩展名o）：Objectfile，compliedresultofC/C++sourcefile

RPM：Redhatpackagemanager

dpkg：Debianpackagemanager

apt：Advancedpackagetool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供）

部分Linux命令缩

bin=BINaries#下面的是一些二进制程序文件

/dev=DEVices

#下面的是一些硬件驱动

/etc=ETCetera#目录存放着各种系统配置文件,

类似于windows下的system

/lib=LIBrary

/proc=PROCesses

/sbin=SuperuserBINaries

/tmp=TeMPorary

/usr=UnixSharedResources

/var=VARiable?

/boot=boot#下面的是开机启动文件

FIFO=FirstIn,FirstOut

GRUB=GRandUnifiedBootloader

IFS=InternalFieldSeperators

LILO=LInuxLOader

MySQL=My是最初作者女儿的名字，SQL=StructuredQueryLanguage

PHP=PersonalHomePageTools=PHPHypertextPreprocessor

PS=PromptString

Perl="PraticalExtractionandReportLanguage"="PathologicallyEclecticRubbishLister"

Python

得名于电视剧MontyPython'sFlyingCircus

Tcl=ToolCommandLanguage

Tk=ToolKit

VT=VideoTerminal

YaST=YetAnotherSetupTool

apache="apatchy"server

apt=AdvancedPackagingTool

ar=archiver

as=assembler

awk="AhoWeibergerandKernighan"

三个作者的姓的第一个字母

bash=BourneAgainSHell

bc=Basic(Better)Calculator

bg=BackGround

biff=

作者HeidiStettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。

cal=CALendar

cat=CATenate

cd=ChangeDirectory

chgrp=CHangeGRouP

chmod=CHangeMODe

chown=CHangeOWNer

chsh=CHangeSHell

cmp=compare

cobra=CommonObjectRequestBrokerArchitecture

comm=common

cp=CoPy

cpio=CoPyInandOut

cpp=CPreProcessor

cron=Chronos

希腊文时间

cups=CommonUnixPrintingSystem

cvs=CurrentVersionSystem

daemon=DiskAndExecutionMONitor

dc=DeskCalculator

dd=DiskDump

df=DiskFree

diff=DIFFerence

dmesg=diagnosticmessage

du=DiskUsage

ed=editor

egrep=ExtendedGREP

elf=ExtensibleLinkingFormat

elm=ELectronicMail

emacs=EditorMACroS

eval=EVALuate

ex=EXtended

exec=EXECute

fd=filedescriptors

fg=ForeGround

fgrep=FixedGREP

fmt=format

fsck=FileSystemChecK

fstab=FileSystemTABle

fvwm=F***VirtualWindowManager

gawk=GNUAWK

gpg=GNUPrivacyGuard

groff=GNUtroff

hal=HardwareAbstractionLayer

joe=Joe'sOwnEditor

ksh=KornSHell

lame=LameAin'tanMP3Encoder

lex=LEXicalanalyser

lisp=LIStProcessing=LotsofIrritatingSuperfluousParentheses

ln=LiNk

lpr=LinePRint

ls=list

lsof=LiStOpenFiles

m4=MacroprocessorVersion4

man=MANualpages

mawk=MikeBrennan'sAWK

mc=MidnightCommander

mkfs=MaKeFileSystem

mknod=MaKeNODe

motd=MessageofTheDay

mozilla=MOsaicGodZILLa

mtab=MountTABle

mv=MoVe

nano=Nano'sANOthereditor

nawk=NewAWK

nl=NumberofLines

nm=names

nohup=NoHangUP

nroff=NewROFF

od=OctalDump

passwd=PASSWorD

pg=pager

pico=PIne'smessageCOmpositioneditor

pine="ProgramforInternetNews&Email"="PineisnotElm"

ping=

拟声又

=PacketInterNetGrouper

pirntcap=PRINTerCAPability

popd=POPDirectory

pr=pre

printf=PRINTFormatted

ps=ProcessesStatus

pty=pseudotty

pushd=PUSHDirectory

pwd=PrintWorkingDirectory

rc=runcom=runcommand,rc还是plan9的shell

rev=REVerse

rm=ReMove

rn=ReadNews

roff=RunOFF

rpm=RPMPackageManager=RedHatPackageManager

rsh,rlogin,rvim中的r=Remote

rxvt=ouRXVT

seamoneky=

我

sed=StreamEDitor

seq=SEQuence

shar=SHellARchive

slrn=S-Langrn

ssh=SecureSHell

ssl=SecureSocketsLayer

stty=SetTTY

su=SubstituteUser

svn=SubVersioN

tar=TapeARchive

tcsh=TENEXCshell

tee=T(T形水管接口)

telnet=TEminaLoverNetwork

termcap=terminalcapability

terminfo=terminalinformation

tex=τέχνη的缩写，希腊文art

tr=traslate

troff=TypesetternewROFF

tsort=TopologicalSORT

tty=TeleTypewriter

twm=Tom'sWindowManager

tz=TimeZone

udev=UserspaceDEV

ulimit=User'sLIMIT

umask=User'sMASK

uniq=UNIQue

vi=VIsual=VeryInconvenient

vim=ViIMproved

wall=writeall

wc=WordCount

wine=WINEIsNotanEmulator

xargs=eXtendedARGuments

xdm=XDisplayManager

xlfd=XLogicalFontDescription

xmms=XMultimediaSystem

xrdb=XResourcesDataBase

xwd=XWindowDump

yacc=yetanothercompilercompiler

Fish=theFriendlyInteractiveSHell

su=SwitchUser

MIME=MultipurposeInternetMailExtensions

ECMA=EuropeanComputerManufacturersAssociationLinux命令缩写部分解释

bin=BINaries

/dev=DEVices

/etc=ETCetera

/lib=LIBrary

/proc=PROCesses

/sbin=SuperuserBINaries

/tmp=TeMPorary

/usr=UnixSharedResources

/var=VARiable?

FIFO=FirstIn,FirstOut

GRUB=GRandUnifiedBootloader

IFS=InternalFieldSeperators

LILO=LInuxLOader

MySQL=My是最初作者女儿的名字，SQL=StructuredQueryLanguage

PHP=PersonalHomePageTools=PHPHypertextPreprocessor

PS=PromptString

Perl="PraticalExtractionandReportLanguage"="PathologicallyEclecticRubbishLister"

Python得名于电视剧MontyPython'sFlyingCircus

Tcl=ToolCommandLanguage

Tk=ToolKit

VT=VideoTerminal

YaST=YetAnotherSetupTool

apache="apatchy"server

apt=AdvancedPackagingTool

ar=archiver

as=assembler

awk="AhoWeibergerandKernighan"三个作者的姓的第一个字母

bash=BourneAgainSHell

bc=Basic(Better)Calculator

bg=BackGround

biff=作者HeidiStettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。

cal=CALendar

cat=CATenate

cd=ChangeDirectory

chgrp=CHangeGRouP

chmod=CHangeMODe

chown=CHangeOWNer

chsh=CHangeSHell

cmp=compare

cobra=CommonObjectRequestBrokerArchitecture

comm=common

cp=CoPy

cpio=CoPyInandOut

cpp=CPreProcessor

cron=Chronos希腊文时间

cups=CommonUnixPrintingSystem

cvs=CurrentVersionSystem

daemon=DiskAndExecutionMONitor

dc=DeskCalculator

dd=DiskDump

df=DiskFree

diff=DIFFerence

dmesg=diagnosticmessage

du=DiskUsage

ed=editor

egrep=ExtendedGREP

elf=ExtensibleLinkingFormat

elm=ELectronicMail

emacs=EditorMACroS

eval=EVALuate

ex=EXtended

exec=EXECute

fd=filedescriptors

fg=ForeGround

fgrep=FixedGREP

fmt=format

fsck=FileSystemChecK

fstab=FileSystemTABle

fvwm=F***VirtualWindowManager

gawk=GNUAWK

gpg=GNUPrivacyGuard

groff=GNUtroff

hal=HardwareAbstractionLayer

joe=Joe'sOwnEditor

ksh=KornSHell

lame=LameAin'tanMP3Encoder

lex=LEXicalanalyser

lisp=LIStProcessing=Lotso