冀教版九上Unit1TheOlympics复习指导

Unit1单元复习重点词汇现代的金的记录，记载竞赛接近的；亲密的比赛，赛跑好像，似乎运气，幸运网球相信客人如此的，同类的13.able有能力的伟大的练习，实习16.dream梦想17.include包括，包含18.few几乎没有；很少二、重点短语anddown上上下下others其他的upwith赶上one’sbest尽力up放弃，停止longjump跳远arecord打破记录100-metrerace100米赛跑thesametime同时aworldrecord创世界纪录of………之一up举起，张贴ableto能，会14.playbasketball打篮球15.someday来日doing停止做17.onebyone一个接一个18.falloff掉落，跌落19.thinkof想起，有……的想法三、重点句型WecallthefirstOlympicGamesthe“ancient”Olympic.我们称第一届奥运会为“古奥运会”.The“ancient”Olympics在句子中作宾语补足语,用来补充说明宾语.例如:Wecallitadesk.Wecallitachemicalchange.2.Atthe1968OlympicsinMexicoCity,AmericanBobBemoanwonthegoldmedalinthelongjump.在1986年墨西哥城举行的奥运会上,美国人鲍勃,毕蒙获得了跳远的金牌.win是动词,意思为“获胜,赢得”,过去式和过去分词都为won,win后面不接sb.作宾语.而是接“比赛,荣誉,奖金,奖品”,等作宾语,要表示“战胜某人,”或“赢了某人”,应该说beat.如:Wewonintherace.Webeatthemthatteam.3.Nobodybrokehisrecordfortwenty-threeyears.23年来,没有人打破他的记录.1).break作及物动词,是“打破”的意思.如:breakone’srecord(打破某人的记录.)如:Billbroketheworldrecord.2)break作不及物动词时,是“破碎,破晓”的意思.如:Theeyeglassesbreakeasily.4.AtthefirstancientOlympics,therewasonlyonesport.在最初的古奥运会上,运动项目仅有一个.1).only作形容词,意思为“唯一的,仅有的”.如:Hehasanonlydaughter.2).only作副词,意思为‘只,仅’.如:Icanseeonlyonetreeonthehill.5.ZhuangYongswamherwaytoagoldmedaltoday.庄咏今天在游泳项目中夺得了一枚金牌.Way作名词,有如下几种意思.路,道路,如:Wouldyoupleasetellmethewaytothepostoffice.距离,路程如:Thechurchisalongwayfromhere.3).方法,手段Whatisthebestwaytolearnmaths?常见的way的搭配.beonone’swayto…去……的路上.alltheway一直bytheway顺便说,经过inaway就某个方面而言loseone’sway迷路6.ZhuangYongwonthewomen’s100-metrefreestylewithatimeofseconds.庄咏以的成绩夺得了女子100米自由泳的冠军.with是介词,其用法如下:1).with对,关于如:What’swrongwithyourfinger?2).有,带有,有……的特征如:Doyouknowthegirlwithblueeyes?3).表示方式或使用某种工具.Wecanseeeverythingwithoureyes.和(某人)在一起如:Iliketogoforawalkwithmyfriends.7.ItseemedthatZhuangYongandJennyThompson,anAmericanswimmer,hadfinishedatthesametime.好象庄咏和美国的詹尼汤普森同时完成.seem是联系动词,意思为”似乎,好象”,常用结构为:A.seem+adj.B.seem+todoC.Itseem+that从句atthesametime同时thesameas和thesame…as这一结构常用于表示前后两个事物具有相同性,意思是“和…….相同”如:Hisbikeisthesameasmine,I’llbuythesamecomputerasyouboughtlastyear.Thesametoyou!这一句式常用于回答对方的祝愿,通常是对公众节日的祝福,意思是＂祝你也如此．＂如：HappyNewYeartoyou!Thesametoyou!Thankyouallthesame!这一句式常用于请求对方给予帮助，而对方又无能为力，这时请求帮助者可用此愈感谢对方，意思是＂仍然要谢谢你＂．如：Excuseme,isthereapostofficenearhere?Sorry,I’mnewhere,You’dbetteraskthepolicemanoverthere.Thankyouallthesame.8.Wecalltoday’sOlympicGamesthe“modern”Olympics.我们把今天的奥运会称为现代奥运会。

calltoday’sOlympicGamesthe“modern”Olympics是call带复合宾语的句式。

name，call，make（使成为），choose（选择）等，常加名词或名词短语作宾语补足语。句式为：

name/call/make/choose+sb.(sth.)宾语+n.（宾补），例：

TheynamedthechildDick.

他们给孩子取名迪克。

Wechoosehimourmonitor.

我们选他作班长。

IcalltheboyDaMao.

我叫这个男孩大毛。四、语法讲解直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号。

例如：MrBlacksaid,“I'mbusy”布莱克先生说：“我很忙”（直接引语）

MrBlacksaidthathewasbusy.布莱克先生说他很忙。（间接引语）1陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省略），从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应变化。在这一方面，汉语和英语有许多相似之处，因此，在做直接引语和间接引语转换练习时，要特别注意句子的意义。

1）人称的变化

a)Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”他说：“我非常喜欢它。”

Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.他说他非常喜欢它。

b)Hesaidtome,“I'veleftmybookinyourroom.”他对我说：“我把书放在你的房间里了。”

Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinmyroom.他告诉我他把书放在我的房间里了。

2）时态的变化如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。如主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的时态则无需变化。

时态的变化

例句直接引语

间接引语

一般现在时

→一般过去时

Hesaid,“I'mafraidIcan'tfinishthiswork.”

Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldn'tfinishthatwork.

现在进行时

→过去进行时

Hesaid,“I'musingtheknife.”

Hesaidthathewasusingtheknife.

现在完成时

→过去完成时

Shesaid,“IhavenotheardfromhimsinceMay.”

ShesaidthatshehadnotheardfromhimsinceMay.

一般过去时

→过去完成

Hesaid,“Icametohelpyou.”

Hesaidthathehadcometohelpme.

过去完成时不变

Hesaid,“Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforesupper.”

Hesaidthathehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforesupper.

3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化：

变化

例句直接引语

间接引语

this-that

这个-那个

Shesaid,“Iwillcomethismorning."

Shesaidthatshewouldgothatmorning.

these-those

这些=那些

Hesaid,"Thesebooksaremine."

Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.

now-then

现在-那时

Hesaid,"Itisnine0'clocknow."

Hesaidthatitwasnine0'clockthen.

today-thatday

今天-那天

Hesaid,"Ihaven'tseenhertoday."

Hesaidthathehadn'tseenherthatday.

yesterday-

thedaybefore

昨天-前一天

shesaid,"Iwentthereyesterday."

Shesaidthatshehadgonetherethedaybefore.

tomorrow-

thenext

(following)day

明天-第二天

shesaid,"I'llgotheretomorrow."

Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethenext(following)day.

here-there

这里-那里

come-go

来-去

注：（1）直接引语如果是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：

Hesaid,"Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound."

Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.

(2)如果在当地转述，here不必改为there,动词come不必改为go.如果在当天转述yesterday,tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。直接引语变间接引语。见下表。分类连接词例句注意事项补充说明当直接引语为“陈述句”时连接词：that（口语中常常省略）Hesays,“Iwillgototheparktomorrow.”--Hesays(that)hewillgototheparktomorrow.Hesaid,“Iwillgototheparktomorrow.”--Hesaid(that)hewouldgototheparktomorrow.Hesaidtome,“youcanhelpher.”--Hesaidtome(that)Icouldhelpher..1.连接词：that2.人称：1主，2宾，3不变3.时态。1.黑体部分是连接词。斜体部分为间接引语部分。2.间接引语部分均为陈述语序。3.间接引语部分实际上是宾语从句，连接词之间的叫主句。4.当主句是一般现在时态，间接引语部分与直接引语的时态相同。5.当主句是一般过去时态，间接引语部分变为相应的过去时态。当直接引语是“一般疑问句”时。连接词：if或者whether.可译为：是否Heaskedme,“Areyougoodatmath?’---HeaskedmeifIwasgoodatmath.HeaskedAmy,“Doyouloveme?”---HeaskedAmywhethershelovedhim.Heasksme,“Isshereading?”---Heasksmeifsheisreading.1.连接词：if,whether2.语序：改为“陈述语序”。

（去掉：Do,Does,Did改变Are,Is,Will,Can…位置）3.人称：1主，2宾，3不变4.时态。当直接引语为“特殊疑问句”时。连接词：直接引语中的特殊疑问词。Heaskedhiswife,“Howareyou?”---Heaskedhiswifehowshewas.Heaskedme,“Whatcolordoyoulike?”---HeaskedmewhatcolorIliked.Heasksme,“wherewillshego3dayslater.”---Heasksmewhereshewillgo3dayslater.1.连接词：特殊疑问词2.语序：改为“陈述语序”。（去掉：Do,Does,Did改变Are,Is,Will,Can…位置）3.人称：1主，2宾，3不变4.时态。当直接引语为“祈使句”时没有连接词。用:ask(tell)sb.todosth改写。或tell(ask)sb.nottodosth.改写HesaidtoAmy,“Becareful!”--HeaskedAmytobecareful.Heshouted,“Lily,Closethedoor.”--HetoldLilytoclosethedoor.Hesaidtome,“Don’tbelate.”--Heaskedmenottobelate.1.不用连接词2.不改变时态。3.无须考虑语序4.人称：1主，2宾，3不变1.斜体部分为间接引语部分。2.间接引语部分是动词不定式，在句中作宾语补足语。重点概括：直接引语变间接引语有着时态，人称，时间状语，地点状语的变化。

1.时态变化：

直接引语：一般现在时间接引语：一般过去时

直接引语：现在进行时间接引语：过去进行时

直接引语：一般将来时间接引语：过去将来时

直接引语：现在完成时间接引语：过去完成时

直接引语：一般过去时间接引语：过去完成时

2．人称变化：

SheaskedJack，"Wherehaveyoubeen?"

SheaskedJackwherehehadbeen．

3．指示代词的变化：

thisthat；thesethose

Hesaid,"Thesebooksaremine．"

Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis．

4．时间状语的变化：

nowthen；

todaythatday；

yesterdaythedaybefore；

tomorrowthenextday／thefollowingday

Myfathersaid，“Iworkedheretwentyyearsago．"

Myfathersaidthathehadworkedtheretwentyyearsbefore．

5．地点状语的变化：

herethere

Heaskedme，“HowcanIgethere?"

Heaskedmehowhecouldgetthere.

直接引语变间接引语的句式变化：

1．陈述句：间接引语用that连接或that连接词省略。

2．一般疑问句：间接引语用if或whether,said改为asked,句子用陈述语序。

3．特殊疑问句：间接引语用原来的特殊疑问词引导，句子用陈述句语序。

4．语法知识归纳

直接引语的祈使句变间接引语的方法：

要将祈使句动词原形变为带“to”的不定式，并且在不定式的前面根据意思加上tell，ask，order等词，如果是否定式，不定式前面加"not"。

"Openthewindow,"theteachersaidtotheboy．

Theteachertoldtheboytoopenthewindow．

"Tellhimtocomein,"thebosssaidtothesecretary．

Thebosstoldthesecretarytotellhimtocomein．

"Don'tleavethedooropen,"hesaid．

Hetoldusnottoleavethedooropen.

二、练习

1.单项填空

said,"Iamlivingwithmybrother."

Hesaidthat__waslivingwithhisbrother.

A.IB.you

C.heD.theysaid,"Youaresuretogetawarmwelcomethere."

Hesaidthatwe__suretogetawarmwelcomethere.

A.amB.was

C.wereD.aresays,"Somethingiswrongwithmybike."

Shesaysthatsomethingiswrongwith__bike.

A.my

C.hisD.herhassaid,"Iwillnotdosoagain."

Hehassaidthathe__notdosoagain.

A.willB.must

C.wouldD.do

teachersaid,"Mysonhadthesameexperienceasthelittleboy."

Theteachersaidthathissonhad__thesameexperienceasthelittleboy.

A.beenB.have

C.hadD.donesaidtome,"Mymothertookmetoanexhibitionyesterday."

Shetoldmethathermotherhadtaken__toanexhibitionthedaybefore.

A.sheB.me

C.herD.yousaidtome,"Isawthefilmtwodaysago."

Youtoldmethatyouhadseenthefilm__

A.twodaysB.twodaysbefore

C.twodaysagoD.yesterdaysaidtohisyoungersister,"Youmaycomewithme."

Hetoldhisyoungersisterthat__withhim.

A.youmaycomeB.youmightcome

C.shemightcomeD.shemightgostudentsaidtome,"Shehasmadeaclosestudyoftheproblem."

Thestudenttoldmethatshe__aclosestudyoftheproblem.

A.hasmakeB.havemade

C.hadmakeD.hadmadesaid,"Ilivehere."

Hesaidthathelived____.

A.thereB.here

C.inthereD.atthereⅡ、将下列句子改为间接引语

teachersaidtohisclass,"Don'twasteyourtime!"

saidtoherson,"Don'tforgettoturnoffthelightwhenyouleavetheroom!"

fathersaidtohim,"Think,beforeyoudoit!"

teachersaidtohisstudents,"Tellbrieflyinyourownwordshowpenicillinwasdiscovered."

leadersaidtohim,"Pleasewriteyourreportasshortaspossible."

saidtome,"Letmehavealookatthebookyoubought."

said,"Iamproudofmymotherland."

said,"Iwrotebacktellinghimaboutityesterday."

said,"Iwillgivehersomeadvicetomorrow."

20."Youarewastingyourtimeday-dreaming!"hesaidtoMary.

21."Youhavealreadydoneyourduty,"hesaidtoher.

wroteinherletter,"Mr.Liu,whenwillyoucometoAmerica?"

23."Don'triskyourlives,men!"thecaptainwarned.

24."I'llbeverybusytoday,"saidtheman.

said,"Wehaveworkedontheschoolfarmfortwoweeks."

said,"I'mreviewingmylessons."

said,"Wearrivedthismorning."

saidtome,"Havelunchwithus."

teacherasked,"Areyouready?"

askedMary,"Areyouhavingyourlunchnow?"

31."Becareful,anddon'tcutyourfinger,"hesaidtome.

saidtotheoldwoman,"Don'tworry.I'lltakeyouthere."

33."Didyougotothemeetingyesterday?"sheaskedme.

34."Willyoupleasebequiet?"shesaid.

manaskedme,"Howmanytimeshaveyoubeenhere?"Ⅳ、将下列句子改成直接引语

saidthattherewasnotanytrouble,andIwaswaitingformychange.

saidthattheywouldn'tgobyaironlybecausetheyhadn'tenoughmoney.

driversaidthathehadn'tseenthesignal,sohehadn'tstopped.

brothertoldmethathewassurelytobeabletomasterEnglish.

saidthathehadn'tquiteunderstoodthatsentence,andaskedmeifIcouldtranslateitintoChinese.

fathertoldMikethatheoughttoworkevenharder.

toldhisassistantsthathewouldnotgiveuptheexperiment.

warnedthechildrennottogoswimminginthelake.

mothersaidthatIlookedrathertired,andI'dbettergoandlieforawhile.

askedJimtogiveittoherquickly.

saidthathecouldhardlysupporthisfamily.

saidthatyouhadwoventheclothbythen.

saidjustnowthatshewouldcomeagaintomorrow.

womanaskedhimwhyhehadtosleepintheopenair.

headmastersuggestedthatthestudentsshouldgoskating.

toldmetogoonwithmywork.

askedmewhetherIhadanydifficulty.

MingsaidthathejoinedtheLeagueinAugust1980.

askedmewhetherIwasaPartymemberoraLeagueMember.

toldtheteacherthathewasnotfeelingwellthatday.

toldmethathehadameetingthatafternoonandthathecouldn'tgowithme.

askedmymotherwhethershehadseentheexhibition.

teacheraskedmeifeverythingwasready.

auntaskedmetokeepwarmandnottogoout.

workertoldmethatitwouldtakemetwodaystofinishthework.答案

1--5CCDAC6--10CBDDAteachertoldhisclassnottowastetheirtime.

toldhersonnottoforgettoturnoffthelightwhenhelefttheroom.

fathertoldhimtothinkbeforehedidit.

teachertoldhisstudentstotellbrieflyintheirownwordshowpenicillinhadbeendiscovered.

leadertoldhimtowritehisreportasshortaspossible.askedmetolethimhavealookatthebookIhadbought.

saidthathewasproudofhismotherland.

saidthathehadwrittenbacktellinghimaboutitthedaybefore.

saidthatIwouldgivehersomeadvicethenextday.

saidtoMarythatshewaswastinghertimeday-dreaming.saidtoherthatshehadalreadydoneherduty.

wrotealettertoMrLiuandaskedhimwhenhewouldgotoAmerica.

captainwarnedthemennottorisktheirlives.

mansaidthathewouldbeverybusythatday.

saidthattheyhadworkedontheschoolfarmfortwoweeks.saidthathewasreviewinghislessons.

saidthattheyhadarrivedthatmorning.

askedmetohavelunchwiththem.

teacheraskedusifwewereready.

askedMarywhethershewashavingherlunchthen.toldmetobecarefulandnottocutmyfinger.

toldtheoldwomannottoworryandhewouldtakeherthere.

askedmeifIhadgonetothemeetingthedaybe