氨基三亚甲基膦酸锡的合成及其阻燃聚氯乙烯和环氧树脂的研究

氨基三亚甲基膦酸锡的合成及其阻燃聚氯乙烯和环氧树脂的研究摘要：

本文研究了一种新型的阻燃剂——氨基三亚甲基膦酸锡（ATMP-Sn），并对其在聚氯乙烯（PVC）和环氧树脂（EP）中的阻燃性能进行了测试。首先，利用二氧化锡作为催化剂，将三丙磷酸酐（TBP）与氨甲酸异丙酯（i-PrOH）反应，制备出ATMP-Sn。通过元素分析、核磁共振和红外光谱等技术手段，对其结构进行了表征。随后，将ATMP-Sn掺入PVC和EP中，对其阻燃性能进行了测试。结果表明，ATMP-Sn能够显著提高PVC和EP的阻燃性能，且其阻燃性能随着ATMP-Sn的掺量的增加而增强。此外，ATMP-Sn对PVC和EP的力学性能和热性能产生的影响较小，再次证明了其作为一种优良的阻燃剂的潜力。

关键词：氨基三亚甲基膦酸锡；阻燃剂；聚氯乙烯；环氧树脂

Abstract:

Anewtypeofflameretardant,aminotri(methylenephosphonic)acidtin(ATMP-Sn),wassynthesizedanditsflameretardantpropertiesinpolyvinylchloride(PVC)andepoxyresin(EP)weretested.First,ATMP-Snwaspreparedbyreactingtripropylphosphate(TBP)andisopropylamine(i-PrOH)withtindioxideascatalyst.Itsstructurewascharacterizedbyelementalanalysis,nuclearmagneticresonanceandinfraredspectroscopy.ThenATMP-SnwasaddedtoPVCandEP,andtheirflameretardantpropertiesweretested.TheresultsshowedthatATMP-SncouldsignificantlyimprovetheflameretardancyofPVCandEP,anditsflameretardancyincreasedwiththeincreaseofATMP-Sncontent.Inaddition,theinfluenceofATMP-SnonthemechanicalandthermalpropertiesofPVCandEPwassmall,furtherprovingitspotentialasanexcellentflameretardant.

Keywords:aminotri(methylenephosphonic)acidtin;flameretardant;polyvinylchloride;epoxyresiFurthermore,thethermalstabilityofPVCandEPcontainingATMP-Snwasalsoinvestigated.TheresultsshowedthattheadditionofATMP-Sncouldimprovethethermalstabilityofbothmaterials,asindicatedbytheincreaseintheonsettemperatureofdecomposition.Thisisanimportantpropertyformaterialsintendedforuseinhigh-temperatureenvironments.

Moreover,ATMP-SnwasfoundtohaveapositiveeffectonthesmokesuppressionofPVCandEP,whichisanimportantfactortoconsiderinapplicationswheresmokegenerationcouldbeahazard.TheadditionofATMP-SninPVCandEPledtoareductioninsmokedensityandadelayintheonsetofsmokerelease.

Overall,thefindingsofthisstudysuggestthatATMP-SnhasgreatpotentialasaflameretardantforPVCandEP,duetoitsexcellentflameretardantandsmokesuppressionproperties,aswellasitsminimalimpactonthemechanicalandthermalpropertiesofthematerials.FurtherresearchisneededtoinvestigateitsperformanceinotherpolymersandunderdifferentconditionsInadditiontoitsapplicationasaflameretardantforPVCandEP,ATMP-Snhasalsobeenfoundtobeusefulinotherfields.Forexample,ATMP-Snhasbeenshowntobeeffectiveininhibitingthecorrosionofmetals.ThecomplexationoftinwithATMPresultsintheformationofaprotectivelayeronthesurfaceofthemetal,whichhelpstopreventthecorrosiveattackofaqueoussolutions.ThispropertyhasledtotheuseofATMP-Snincoolingwatersystems,aswellasintheoilandgasindustry.

Moreover,ATMP-Snhasalsobeenstudiedasastabilizerforpolyurethanefoam.TheadditionofATMP-Sntopolyurethanefoamhasbeenfoundtoimproveitsfireresistance,aswellasitsthermalandmechanicalstability.ThisisattributedtotheabilityofATMP-Sntoactasasynergisticflameretardant,generatingacharlayerthatservesasabarriertoheatandoxygenpenetration.

ThereisalsoongoingresearchintousingATMP-Sninotherpolymercomposites,suchaspolypropyleneandpolyethylene.Inthesematerials,ATMP-Snhasbeenfoundtobeeffectiveinreducingtherateofheatrelease,aswellassmokedensityandtotalsmokerelease.ThissuggeststhatATMP-Snmayhavebroaderapplicationsinthefieldofpolymerscience.

Inconclusion,ATMP-Snisapromisingflameretardantwithexcellentflamesuppressionandsmokereductionproperties,aswellasminimalimpactonmechanicalandthermalpropertiesofmaterials.ItsperformancehasbeenextensivelystudiedinPVCandEP,aswellasinotherareassuchascorrosioninhibitionandpolyurethanefoamstabilization.FurtherresearchisneededtoexploreitspotentialinotherpolymersandunderdifferentconditionsDespiteitspromisingproperties,therearestillsomelimitationsandchallengesassociatedwiththeuseofATMP-Snasaflameretardant.Forexample,ithasbeenreportedthathighloadinglevelsofATMP-Sncancauseareductioninthemechanicalpropertiesofpolymers.ThisisbecausetheadditionofATMP-Sncaninterferewiththepolymermatrixandcreateamorebrittlematerial.Toovercomethislimitation,variousstrategieshavebeenproposed,suchastheuseofco-additivesthatcanenhancethecompatibilitybetweenATMP-Snandthepolymermatrix.

AnotherchallengeassociatedwiththeuseofATMP-Snasaflameretardantisitshighcost.Comparedtoothercommonlyusedflameretardants,suchasaluminumtrihydrate,ATMP-Snisrelativelyexpensive,whichcanlimititswidespreadadoptionincommercialapplications.However,itisimportanttonotethatthecostofATMP-Sncanbeoffsetbyitssuperiorperformanceandabilitytoreducetheamountofflameretardantneededinaformulation.

Inadditiontotheabovechallenges,therearestillsomegapsinourunderstandingofthemechanismsbehindtheflameretardantpropertiesofATMP-Sn.Althoughseveralstudieshaveproposedtheoriesonhowtheadditiveworks,thereisstillaneedformoreresearchtofullyelucidateitsmechanismofaction.ThisisparticularlyimportantforthedevelopmentofnewformulationsandapplicationsthatcanleveragethefullpotentialofATMP-Snasaflameretardant.

Despitethesechallengesandlimitations,theuseofATMP-Snasaflameretardantisexpectedtogrowinthecomingyears.Withincreasingsafetyregulationsandagrowingdemandforsustainablematerials,thereisaneedfornewflameretardantadditivesthatcanoffersuperior