高考英语阅读理解一轮练(10)(含解析)

2019年高考英语阅读理解一轮练（10）李仕才AAfterayearofexaminingstudiesconcerningwhetherhomeworkiseffective,NYCP.S.116elementaryschooldecidedthatmathworksheetsandessayassignmentswereactuallyawasteoftime.InFebruary,PrincipalJaneHsusentalettertoparentsstatingthatthePre-Kthroughfifthgradestudentswouldnotbegivenanytraditionalhomeworktoencouragekidstohavefreetimeforreading,playingoutside,ordoingactivitiestheyenjoy."Thenegativeeffectsofhomeworkhavebeenwellestablished,"Hsuwroteinanotetoparents."Theyinclude:children’sfrustrationandexhaustion,lackoftimeforotheractivitiesandfamilytimeand,sadlyformany,lossofinterestinlearning."Someparents,however,disagreewiththepolicychange,believingthatalackoffocuswillcausechildrentofallbehind.Homeworkhasbeenpartofeducationfromthebeginning,andhasincreasedinvolumeinrecentyears.Hsu’sadvicethatchildrenshouldreadandspendtimewiththeirfamilieshasupsetsomeparentstothepointofconsideringpullingtheirchildrenoutofP.S.116.Thisgroupfeelsthathomeworkassignmentsgivechildrenagoaltoworktoward.Othersfeelsostronglyabouttheimportanceofhomeworkthattheyhavebegungivingtheirownhomeworkassignmentstotheirchildren.AnAustralianChildhoodFoundationsurveyfoundthat71%ofAustralianparentsfeeltheydonotspendenoughqualitytimewiththeirchildrenmainlybecauseofthetimespentrunningthehouseholdorthetimespenthelpingwithhomework.EducationexpertsinAustraliaaresayingthatparentsshouldstophelping.Doingsowillgivekidsmoreindependence,willgiveparentsmorefreetime,andwillhelpreducethenumberofhomework-inducedargumentsinthefamily.Whilesomeresearchsuggeststhathomeworkhaslittleacademicbenefitforelementarystudents,otherresearchshowshomeworkcanhelpkidsdevelopindependence,andconfidence.Itcanalsocontributetoasenseofbelongingorcontrolovertheirlives.Whenparentstrytohelptheirchildrenwithhomework,theassistancecantakeawaythatfeelingandcanalsodrainalreadyexhaustedworkingparents.1.Cancellingtraditionalhomeworkisaimedat__________.A.allowingstudentstolearnontheirownB.inspiringstudentstospendmoretimewithparentsC.wishingstudentstoseekself-developmentD.motivatingstudentstohelpwithhousework2.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthe1stand2ndparagraph?A.JaneHsuisthefirstprincipaltocancelhomework.B.JaneHsuhasdonethoroughresearchonhomework.C.JaneHsupaidlittleattentiontostudents’academicrecords.D.JaneHsuknowsstudentspreferactivitiestotheirsubjects.3.WhyaresomeparentsstronglyagainstPrincipalJaneHsu?A.Theyhavenotimetogivetheirchildrenhomework.Theydon’tthinktheschoolisresponsiblefortheirkids.Theyareafraidtheirkidswillfallbehind.Theydisliketheirkidsdoingtoomanyactivities.4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoparents’helpingkidswithhomework?A.Supportive.B.Indifferent.C.Ironic.D.Negative.【文章粗心】这是一篇谈论文，文章对能否应当给小学生部署家庭作业进行了阐述。1.C【分析】考察细节理解。依照第一段末端的"...toencouragekidstohavefreetimeforreading,playingoutside,ordoingactivitiestheyenjoy"可知，这所学校撤消数学和作文这种家庭作业是为了让孩子们有更多的时间念书，在户外嬉戏或许参加自己喜爱的活动，由此可推知这个学校希望学生们追求自我发展。2.B【分析】考察推理判断。依据第一段中的"Afterayearofexaminingstudiesconcerningwhetherhomeworkiseffective"以及第二段的内容可知，校长对此做了全面的检查。4.D【分析】考察看法态度。依照文章尾段中的"Whenparentstrytohelptheirchildren2withhomework,theassistancecantakeawaythatfeelingandcanalsodrainalreadyexhaustedworkingparents"可推知，关于家长在作业上帮助孩子的问题，作者拥有否认的见解。B(2015·乌鲁木齐诊疗)Yousignedupforsoccer,andplayedeverygameoftheseason.Sure,you’renotthebestplayerontheteam,butmostdaysyougaveityourall.Doyoudeserveatrophy(奖杯)?IfthedecisionisuptoCarolDweck,theanswerwouldlikelybeno.She’sapsychologyprofessoratStanfordUniversity,California.Shesaysaplayerdoesn’thavetobethebesttogetatrophy.Butthosewhoreceiveanawardshouldhavetoworkforit.Shesuggeststrophiesgotothemostimprovedplayer，ortheonewhocontributedmosttotheteamspirit，aswellastothosewhoplaythebest.“Thetrophyhastostandforsomething，”DwecktoldTFK.“Ifwegiveatrophytoeveryone，thentheawardhasnovalue.”Dweckarguesthatgivingkidstrophiesforparticularreasons，suchasimprovinginasport，teacheskidsthatadultsvaluehardworkandtryingourbest.Otherssaythatthere’snoharmingivingawardstoallkidswhoplayasport，regardlessofhowtheyplayedorwhetherornottheyimproved.“Ithinkweshouldencouragekids’participationinsports，”saysKennethBarish,apsychologyprofessoratWeillCornellMedicalCollege,inNewYorkCity.“Atrophyisonewaytoencouragekids’efforts.”Barisharguesthatwhenwesingle_outonlythebestoreventhemostimprovedplayerswithatrophy,weareteachingkidsthewronglesson.Wearesendingthemessagethatwinningiseverything.“Winningisonlypartoftheequation(等式)，”BarishtoldTFK.“Playingsportsalsoteacheskidsaboutteamworkandtheimportanceof3exercise.”Therewillbeplentyofopportunityforkidstolearnaboutcompetitionastheygetolder,saysBarish.They’llsoonrealizethatonlyonesoccerteamwinstheWorldCupandonlyonefootballteamwinstheSuperBowl.Fornow,hethinksthere’snothingwrongwithlettingallkidswhoplayasportfeellikewinners.Thatmeanstrophiesforeveryone.【解题导语】假如孩子参加体育竞赛，那么能否是每一个人都该获得奖杯呢？文章就这个问题给出了两种不一样的见解。1．AccordingtoCarolDweck,whichplayershouldreceiveatrophy?A．Tony,themostattractiveplayerofthesoccerteam.B．David,asoccerplayerwhoisbothcleverandfunny.C．Peter,whoisreadytohelphispartnerstoscoregoals.D．Jim,asoccerplayerwhotrieshisbesttowinthegame.分析：选C。推理判断题。依据第二段可知，斯坦福大学的心理学教授CarolDweck以为，获奖的运动员未必是最好的运动员。她以为，进步最大的、对团队精神贡献最多的和表现最正确的运动员都应获奖。故C项正确。2．WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldKennethBarishagreewith?．Thereisnosenseingivingatrophytoeveryone.．Kidsfondofplayingsportsshouldberewarded.．Kidsshouldbegiventrophiesfortryingtheirbest.D．Itisnecessarytoencouragekids’participationinsports.分析：选D。细节理解题。依据第五段可知，纽约市威尔康乃尔医学院的心理学教授KennethBarish以为，我们应当鼓舞孩子参加体育活动。颁发奖杯就是一种激励方式。3．Theunderlinedphrase“singleout”inParagraph6probablymeans“________”．A．honourB．chooseC．valueD．stress4分析：选B。词义猜想题。依据第六段可知，Barish以为，当我们精选出最正确球员或进步最大的球员并授与他们奖杯的时候，我们给孩子传达了一个错误的信号：获胜就是全部。所以画线的短语“singleout”意为“挑出”。4．Whichshowsthecorrectstructureofthetext?分析：选B。文章构造题。本文的第一段为导语，导入谈论的话题。第二、三段陈说了斯坦福大学的心理学教授CarolDweck的主要看法：反对人人获奖。下文(第四段至第七段)陈说的是纽约市威尔康乃尔医学院的心理学教授KennethBarish的看法，即同意人人获奖。所以B项清楚地展现了本文的构造。CTogether.35years.AlvinAileyAmericanDanceTheaterTheymakeyousway.Withadanceformalltheirown.Originatingasanintimate,innovativedancecompany,ithasevolvedintoaninternationalforce.TakingthespiritofAfrican—Americancultureandtranslatingitintodanceandcommunityprogramsformorethan35years.AheritageofbringingtogetherarepertoireofAileyclassicsandgreatdancemasterpiecesalongwithexcitingnewworksbyemergingartists.ModernVibrant.Athletic.Colorful.Involving.Becauseitisdanceinstepwiththepeople.Partoftheneighborhood,theirpulsebeats—beats—beatsoflife.Liftingspirits.Abletoleaptallbuildingsinasinglebound.Pirouettingtheglobe.Soaring,movingasone,movingdanceintothefuture.JoinPhilipMorrisinits12thyearofsupportingAlvinAileyAmericanDanceTheater.AndcelebratetheachievementoftheAileypast5astheyboldlystepforward.()1.Whatdoestheadvertisementaskpeopletodo?A.Toseeaplay.B.Towatchamatch.C.Toballthere.D.ToseePhilipMorris.2.Howisthecompany?A.Modernandinvolving.B.Intimateandinnovative.C.Athleticandcolorful.D.Vibrantandinnovative.3.WhatdoesAlvinAileyAmericanDanceTheaterholdthisactivityfor?A.TodevelopthespiritofAfrican—Americanculture.B.Toleaptallbuildingsinasinglebound.C.Topirouettetheglobe.D.TocelebratetheachievementoftheAileypast.【答案与分析】1.C推理判断题。依据文章倒数第2句JoinPhilipMorrisinits12thyearofsupportingAlvinAileyAmericanDanceTheater可知答案选C。2.B事实细节题。依据文章第3段第2句Originatingasanintimate,innovativedancecompany可知答案选B。3.D事实细节题。依据文章最后一句AndcelebratetheachievementoftheAileypastastheyboldlystepforward可知，答案选D。D(2015·辽宁省实验中学一模)Threedecadesago，SteveMcCurrytookarguablythemostfamouspictureofalltime.Yetevenafterallthistime，thephotographerisfilledwithenthusiasmwhenhetalksaboutAfghanGirl.“Iknewshehadanincrediblelook，asharpgaze，”herecalls.“Itwasbeforedigitalcameraandwiththebigcrowdanddustallaround，youneverknewwhatwouldhappenwiththefilm.WhenIdevelopedthepicture，Iknewitwasspecial.IshowedittotheeditoroftheNationalGeographic，andhejumpedtohisfeetandshouted，6‘That’sournextcover’．”NotonlydidAfghanGirlbecomethemagazine’snextcover，butthemostsuccessfulinitsdistinguishedhistory.Thestrikingportraitof12-year-oldSharbatGula，inarefugeecamp，wastakeninDecember1984andpublishedthefollowingyear.WhenMcCurryreflectsuponitspopularity，whatexciteshimmostistheimpactthatthissingleimagehashadontherealworld.“Peoplevolunteeredtoworkintherefugeecampsbecauseofthatphotograph，”hesays.“Afghansareincrediblyproudofit，asthegirlispoorbutshowsgreatpride，strongwillandself-respect.Itdrewattentiontotheirpoorsituation，andinspiredalotofpeople.”ItalsoledtheNationalGeographictosetuptheAfghanChildren’sFund—andmeantthattothisday，McCurryisneverchargedafarebyappreciativeAfghantaxidrivers.TheportraitformsthecenterpieceofamajorexhibitionofMcCurry’swork，whichopenedrecentlyinMonza，Italy，andwillrununtil6April.ThefamousphotographisjustoneofthousandsofextraordinarypicturesthatMcCurryhastakenovera40-yearcareer，duringwhichhehaswondozensofawards.Formanyyears，frontlinewarphotographylikethiswasMcCurry’sstockintrade.Indeed，itenabledhimtomakehisname.【解题导语】本文是一篇记述文。拍照师McCurry拍摄的一张照片AfghanGirl自从发表以来就在社会上惹起了激烈的反应，这也是他所拍摄的相关战争题材的照片中最好的一张。1．WhatdoweknowaboutAfghanGirl?A．Ithasbeeninfluentialsincepublished.B．Itisthestarofanoldfilm.C．Itisafamouspaintinginamagazine.D．Itfirstcameoutin1984.分析：选A。细节理解题。依据第三段第一句“NotonlydidAfghanGirlbecomethe7magazine’snextcover，butthemostsuccessfulinitsdistinguishedhistory.”和第四段中“exciteshimmostistheimpactthatthissingleimagehashadontherealworld”可知，AfghanGirl这张照片自觉表以来向来在产生着巨大的影响。应选A。B、C两项明显不对；依据第三段最后一句中“wastakeninDecember1984andpublishedthefollowingyear”可知，照片在1985年发布，故D项错误。2．HowdoesMcCurryfeelaboutAfghanGirl?A．Uncertain.B．Interested.C．Regretful.D．Proud.分析：选D。推理判断题。依据第一段第二句“Yetevenafterallthistime，thephotographerisfilledwithenthusiasmwhenhetalksaboutAfghanGirl.”并联合下文所描绘的AfghanGirl惹起的巨大的社会反应可推知，McCurry为AfghanGirl感觉骄傲。应选D。3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedastheimpactofthepicture?A．Itinspiredpeopletodovolunteerwork.B．Itsetoffmoreterroristattacksintheworld.C．PeoplearemoreawareofAfghans’situation.D．AfghanChildren’sFundwassetup.分析：选B。细节理解题。依据第五段第一句“Peoplevolunteeredtoworkintherefugeecampsbecauseofthatphotograph...”可知，A项在文中提到了；依据第五段第三句“Itdrewattentiontotheirpoorsituation，andinspiredalotofpeople.”可知，C项在文中提到了；依据第五段第四句“ItalsoledtheNationalGeographictosetuptheAfghanChildren’sFund...”可知，D项也在文中提到了。B项在文中没有提到。应选B。4．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．McCurrycanenjoyfreetoursintheworld.B．Thepicturewastakenusingadigitalcamera.C．Theimagewasprobablytakenatwartime.8D．Exhibitionswillbeheldaroundtheworld.分析：选C。推理判断题。依据第三段最后一句“Thestrikingportraitof12-year-oldSharbatGula，inarefugeecamp，wastaken...”以及最后一段倒数第二句“Formanyyears，frontlinewarphotographylikethiswasMcCurry’sstockintrade.”可推知，这张照片可能拍摄于战争时期。应选C。EWhenShakespearewastwenty-one,hewenttoLondon,averyinterestingplace,totryhisfortune.TherewerethefamousLondonBridgeandSt.Paul’sCathedral,andpalacesandmarketsandlongstreetsfullofshops.Then,too,therewerethedailycrowdswherecouldbeseenpeoplefromallovertheworld.Knights,scholarsandhighwaymen(拦路匪徒)orthieveswhohadbeeninfamousfortheircleverrobberies,passedbyeachother.Here,also,werenoblemendressedingold,fromItaly,SpainandFrance;slavesfromSpanishAmerica,seacaptainsandministers,soldiersorinterestswithinthegraywallswhichcircledtoasstrangeacrowdascouldbefoundintheworld.IntothiscuriouscrowdcameShakespeare,quick

andservants—allheldbychancesLondon,andwhosegatesgavewelcometoseeandeagertolearn.Andbeforelongallthesestrangesightswereasfamiliartohimasthefacesofhisowntown’sresidents.Eachonetolditsstorytohimsoplainlythat,asbeforehehadlearnedthesecretsofthefieldsandwoods,sonowhelearnedmena