2019版高考英语大一轮复习第一部分Module6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNatureWorld课下作业外研版必修4

Module6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNatureWorldⅠ.要点单词—识记·联想·运用[会书写]一、核心单词1.calmadj.沉静的2.surfacen.表面；水面3.attackvt.侵袭；攻击4.claimvt.宣称5.covervt.占地(多大面积)二、阅读单词1.hairyadj.毛的；多毛的2.fierceadj.凶狠的；残暴的3.creaturen.动物；生物4.journaln.杂志；学报；期刊5.reputationn.声誉；名望6.scepticaladj.思疑的；不相信的7.generousadj.有雅量的；大方的；心地崇高的三、拓展单词1.adaptvi.适应；合适→adaptableadj.适应性强的→adaptationn.适应2.extinctadj.绝种的；消亡了的→extinctionn.消逝；灭绝3.unpredictableadj.变化无常的→predictableadj.可展望的→predictv.预知4.frighteningadj.吓人的→frightenedadj.惧怕的→frightenvt.使惧怕→fright.n惧怕5.existvi.存在→existence.存在n6.unlikelyadj.不行能的→likelyadj.可能的7.disappearvi.消逝→appearvi.出现8.destructionn.破坏→destroyvt.破坏；摧毁→destructiveadj.损坏性的19.sharpadj.尖利的；尖的→sharpenvt.使变得尖利10.fortune.运气；命运；财产→fortunateadj.好运的→fortunately.好运地nadv11.indicatevt.象征；示意→indicationn.指示；象征12.identityn.身份；特征→identifyvt.确立；鉴别→identification.辨识；判定n[会累积]由calm想到的cooladj.沉着的②quietadj.寂静的③stilladj.不动的④silentadj.缄默的“惧怕，惊慌”同义词一览①frightenedadj.惧怕的②scaredadj.感觉惊慌的③alarmedadj.惊慌的terrifiedadj.惧怕的，惧怕的un－前缀的高频形容词荟萃①uneasy不安的②unfavorable不利的③unlikely不行能的④unfriendly不友善的⑤unaware不知道的⑥unfortunate不幸的unequal不一样等的unconscious失掉知觉的unpredictableadj.变化无常的4.fortune串记misfortunen.恶运②fortunateadj.好运的③unfortunateadj.不幸的④fortunatelyadv.好运地2⑤unfortunatelyadv.不幸地[会应用]用所给词的合适形式填空1.Tohisfright，thefrighteningscenefrightenedtheotherfrightenedchildrenintocrying.(frighten)2.Thereexistsanoldhospitalatthecorner,butnooneknowswhenitcameintoexistence.(exist)3.Somenaturalmysteriesoftheancienttimesarestillmysterioustopeopletoday.(mysterious)4.Peopledestroyforestsandriversfortheirownbene－fit.Theirdestructiveactivitiesarelikelytocausethedestructionoftheearth.(destroy)5.Fortunately，hecametothenewislandsafely.Itisalsofortunateforhimtomakehisfortunehere.(fortune)6.Youdon’tneedanidentity，andallyouneedisproperidentificationsothattheguardscanidentifyyou.(identify)Ⅱ.核心短语—识记·联想·运用[会书写]1.die__out灭绝2.be__sceptical__about对思疑3.cut__off切断；使隔断4.adapt__to适应5.stick__out伸出6.be__related__to与相关7.throwlighton帮助弄清楚；说明某事8.closeto凑近；凑近9.comestraighttothepoint谈正题；直截了当10.dueto因为；因造成[会累积]cut短语小结①cutoff切断；使隔断②cutdown减少；砍倒3③cutin插嘴；超车抢道cutup切碎；抨击⑤cutacross抄近路经过“与相关”短语荟萃①berelatedtobeconnectedwithberelevanttohaveconnectionwithhavesomethingtodowith[会应用]采用上表左栏短语填空1.Likethegiantpandas,theantelopesinTibetarealsoindangerofdying__out.2.Theinformationtheyhadofferedthepolicethrew__light__on/uponthecauseoftheboy’smysteriousdisappearance.3.SinceyouhaveknownthereasonwhyIcomehere,Iwillcome__straightto_the_point.4.Due_toyourdishonesty,ourcooperationwillcometoanend.5.Iwas_sceptical_aboutwhathehadsaidbecausehedaren’tlookmeintheeye.6.Moreover,bydoingthepart－timejobIcangetsomepreciousexperiencesothatIcanbetteradapt_tothedevelopmentandchangesofsociety.Ⅲ.经典句式—剖析·背诵·仿写句型公式1：beunlikelytodosth“做某事是不行能的”。[教材原句]Theysaythatthelow－temperaturelakeisunlikelytobeabletosupportsuchlargelivingcreatures.他们说，水温这样低的湖泊不行能生计有体形这样巨大的动物。[句型仿写]Theyare__unlikely__to__come__sincetheweatherissobad.他们不行能来，因为天气这么糟糕。句型公式2：tohavedone动词不定式的达成式作宾语。[教材原句]Heclaimstohaveseenaroundblackcreaturemovingquicklythroughthewater.他宣称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中迅速游动。4[句型仿写]Thesescientistsclaimedto__have__foundthecureforcancer.这些科学家宣称他们已经找到了治疗癌症的方法。句型公式3：“be＋of＋名词”构造，表示主语的类属或属性。[教材原句]Othermembersoftheroyalfamilywereallowedtoweardragonsymbols,too,butwithfewerclawsandofadifferentcolour.也同意皇室的其余成员穿带有龙标记的袍子，但袍子上龙的爪子少了并且颜色也不一样。[句型仿写]Ihavejustfoundthattheclassmeetingthatafternoonisof__greatimportance__to__me.我刚才发现那一天下午的班会对我来说特别重要。Ⅳ.语篇填空—回首·补全·热诵依据课文内容，在空白处填入1个合适的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LakeTianchi，1.located(locate)intheChangbaiMountainsinJilinprovinceisthe2.highest(high)volcaniclakeintheworld.There3.have__been(be)reportsofmonstersinitsincethebeginningofthelastcentury.MengFanying，4.thedirectorofalocaltouristoffice，saidthatthemonsterseemedtobeblackincolour，andjumpedoutofthewaterlikeaseal.XueJunlin，alocalphotographer，claimedthatitsheadlookedlikeahorse,thoughnoonereallygotaclearlookatthe5.mysterious(mystery)creature.Asoldiersaidthemonsterwasgreenish－blackandhadaroundheadwith10－centimetrehorns.LiXiaohe，6.whowasvisitingthelakewithhisfamily，claimed7.to__have__seen(see)aroundblackcreature8.moving(move)quicklythroughthewater.Manypeoplebelieveits9.existence(exist).However，scientistsaresceptical10.aboutthis.[核心词汇]5existvi.存在；生计；生活；持续存在(1)existin存在于existon＝liveon靠生计；靠生活Thereexist(s)...有(2)existencen.存在；生计；生活inexistence现存的；存在的comeintoexistence/being开始存在①Manymaterialscanexistinavarietyofsolidforms.→Manymaterialscanlieinavarietyofsolidforms.→Manymaterialscanconsistinavarietyofsolidforms.很多物质能够以不一样的固体形态存在。Thereexists(exist)agoodwaytosolvetheexisting(exist)probleminmaths.有一个解决现存数学识题的好方法。③Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniversefirstcameintoexistence__(exist).对于一开始宇宙是怎样产生的，科学家们有多种说法。[名师指津]exist是不及物动词，不可以用于被动语态和进行时。adaptv.(使)适应；(使)合适；改编；改写(1)adaptoneselfto使自己适应adaptto适应adapt...from...依据改写/改编adapt...for...改(编)为之用(2)adaptableadj.能适应的；可改正的adaptationn.适应；改编；改写本①Ifyoucanadapt__tosomething，youcanchangeinordertomakethesituationbetter.(教材原句)假如你能够适应某物，为了使状况更好一些你能够改变。②Thismachinehasbeenspeciallyadapted(adapt)foruseunderwater.这类机器是为水下使用特别改装的。③TheTVplayseriesTheLegendofZhenHuanis__adapted__fromthenovelofthesame6name.电视剧《甄嬛传》改编自同名小说。3.fortunen.运气；命运；财产(1)tryone’sfortune试运气bringgoodfortune带来好运seekone’sfortune找寻出路tellsb’sfortune给某人算命makeafortune发达(2)fortunateadj.运气好的；好运的fortunatelyadv.好运地unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；遗憾地①ThesetwobrothersdecidedtogotoAmericatoseek/try__their__fortune.这兄弟俩决定去美国碰试运气。②Thedeal,tobecompletednextweek,willallowCharneytomake__a__greatfortuneinthestockmarket.下个礼拜将要达成的交易，将同意Charney在股票市场挣一大笔钱。③Fortunately(fortune),ayoungmanwhowasjustpassingbycameuptotheinjured.好运的是，一个恰好经过的年青人前来帮助伤者。[名师指津]fortune作名词且意为“时机；运气”时，是不行数名词；作“大笔的钱”时，是可数名词。4.calmadj.沉静的；冷静的v.使沉静；镇定下来n.沉静，寂静(1)be/keep/stay/remaincalm沉着；保持冷静(2)calmoneselfdown使自己冷静下来calmdown停息，使沉静；沉静下来，冷静下来①Hetookafewdeepbreathstocalmhimself(he)down.他深深地吸了几口气，使自己沉静下来。②Inmyopinion,suchwonderfulthingswillcalm__you__downeasilyandgiveyouthecouragetomoveon.在我看来，这么好的事情会让你很简单沉静下来并且会给你持续行进的勇气。[辨析比较]calm，silent，quiet，still7calm“冷静的，沉静的”，主要指人“沉稳镇定”，也可指自然界“无风无浪”silent主要指人“缄默的，不出声的”，但不必定无活动“寂静的，寂静的”，用于人时，表示生性寂静，不易激动；用于自然环境时，表quiet示没有扰乱活动、没有喧杂声的沉寂状态still“寂静的，不动的”，指没有运动或动作的状态采用以上单词填空③Whenfacingdanger，oneshouldkeepcalm；whentakenphotosof,oneshouldkeepstill；whensomeoneelseisasleep,oneshouldkeepquiet;__inclass,oneshouldn’tkeepsilentabouttheteacher’squestions.5.claimvt.&n.宣称；主张；认领；索赔；夺去(生命)[一词多义]写出以下句中claim的含义①Althoughnoonereallygotaclearlookatthemysteriouscreature，XueJunlin，alocalphotographer，claimedthatitsheadlookedlikeahorse.(教材原句)宣称__②Thepolicesaidthatifnooneclaimsthewatch,youcankeepit.认领③Becausetheaccidenthadnotbeenherfault,Barbarawasabletoclaimdamages.索赔④HurricaneSandyhasclaimedthousandsoflives.夺去(生命)__(1)claimtodosth/that...宣称/主张做Itisclaimedthat...有人主张；听说claimsthfromsb向某人索要某物(2)makeaclaimforsth要求makeaclaimtosth认领某物；提出要获得某物⑤Thelawyerclaimedthatthedefendantwasnotguilty.那名律师宣称被告无罪。⑥Itis__claimed(claim)thathumornotonlyaffectspatients’moods，butalsohelpsthemrecoverfaster.听说风趣不单影响病人的情绪，并且还有助于病人迅速痊愈。dieout灭绝；(风俗、习惯等)消逝dieaway(声音或感情等)慢慢变弱，逐渐消逝8diedown(风或噪音等)渐弱；逐渐停息dieoff先后逝世；一一逝世dieof/from...死于diefor为而死；盼望①Afterhoursofworkinginthehotsun,themenweredying__foracoldbeer.在酷热的太阳下工作数小时后，人们真想喝上一杯冰镇啤酒。②Whentheapplausehaddied__down，shebeganherspeech.掌声停息后，她开始演讲。Thesheeptheoldmanraiseddied__offonebyone.老人饲养的绵羊一只只接踵逝世。dueto因为；应支付；归功于[一词多义]写出以下句中dueto的含义①Severaltrafficaccidentshappenedonthehighwayduetotheheavyfoginthemorning.因为②Anymoneythatisduetoyouwillbepaidbeforetheendofthemonth.应支付③Theteam’ssuccesswaslargelyduetoherefforts.归功于beduetosb对付给某人；归因于某人beduetodosth预约/预期做某事④Thebuswasdueto__arrive(arrive)at5pm,butitarrivedonehourlateduetobeing__held(hold)upbytheheavyfog.公共汽车估计下午五点钟抵达，但因为大雾的阻挡它晚了一个小时。[名师指津]当dueto意为“因为；因造成；应赐予”时，此中的to是介词，并且在句中经常作表语或状语；当dueto意为“马上/预期做”时后接不定式。[要点句型]Heclaimsto__have__seenaroundblackcreaturemovingquicklythroughthewater.他宣称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中迅速游动。本句中的tohaveseen是动词不定式的达成式，表示动作发生在句子谓语动作claim以前。动词不定式的三种形式：一般式tobedone；todo表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同一时间9发生或发生在谓语动作以后tobedoing表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同一时间进行式发生，并且动作正在进行达成式tohavedone；tohave表示不定式的动作发生在主句谓语动作beendone以前①TolearnmoreaboutChineseculture,Jackhasdecidedto__take(take)Chinesefolkmusicasanelectivecourse.为了更多地认识中国文化，杰克已经决定把中公民间音乐作为选修课。②Heisthoughtto__have__acted(act)foolishly.Nowhehasnoonebuthimselftoblameforlosingthejob.他被以为做了愚笨的事。此刻他失掉这份工作只好怨他自己，不可以怨他人。③Theboypretendedto__be__concentrating(concentrate)onhislesson,butinfacthismindwaswandering.男孩假装正在专注于功课，但事实上他的思想在开小差。[当堂达标]Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Onhiswayhome,hewasattacked(攻击)bytwostrangers.2.Theyclaimed(宣称)thenoisefromthenewairportdisturbedtheirlives.3.Thespeedofthecarwasfrightening(令人惧怕的)andthatwasthecauseofthecaraccident.4.Egypt,asthebirthplaceofancientcivilization,isamysterious(神奇的)land.5.Researchindicates(表示)thatover81%ofteachersaredissatisfiedwiththeirsalary.6.Whentheweatherisfineandthelakeiscalm(沉静的),wemaygoboatingtogether.7.Tomwatcheduntilthetraindisappeared(消逝)fromview.8.Itseemstobeunlikely(不行能的)nottoreceiveanyjunkemailwhenyoucheckyouremail.10Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.Theanimalwilldefenditselfwhenattacked(attack)bymakingastrangenoise.2.Jack,whoclaimedto__have__heard(hear)everythingclearly,however,toldalie.3.Beforeyoustart,itseemsthatthetaskisunlikelyto__be__accomplished(accomplish).4.Iwaslateforgettingtothestation.Butfortunately(fortune)forme,thetrainwaslate,too.5.Theearthquakehappenedsuddenlyandcausedmanydeathsandmuchdestruction(destroy).6.Modernmachineryhasfreedpeoplefromthatprimitiveexistence(exist)eversincethen.7.Wewaitedinsideuntilthingscalmeddown.8.Duetothestricttrafficregulationsondrunkendriving,thenumberofaccidentsfromithasgreatlydecreased.9.StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelyto__be(be)theonlyplanetwherelifehasdevelopedgradually.10.Therearealotofsignsindicating(indicate)menaremorelikelytohaveheartattacksthanwomen.Ⅲ.单句改错1.Jimmycameclosetobekilledinthetrafficaccidenttheotherday.be→being2.Atlastthetouristsmanagedtoescapefromthedangerousplace,hungryandfrightening.frightening→frightened3.Becauseofclimatebecomingworse,severalspecieshavealreadydiedaway.away→out4.Notonlyhassheadaptedhertothefastrhythmofcitylife,butsheisbecomingmoreandmoreoutgoing.her→herself5.Whetherwildlifecanbewellprotectedisofgreatimportant.important→importanceⅣ.一句多译/句型变换欧元将会以它目前的形式持续存在。11①Eurowillcontinuetoexist__initscurrentform.②Eurowillcontinuetoconsist__initscurrentform.她宣称以前被总统接见过。Sheclaimed__to__have__ever__been__metbythepresident.(claimtodosth)Sheclaimed__that__she__had__ever__been__metbythepresident.(claimthat...)3.Thehaveareputationforprovidingagreatridingexperience.Theyarefamous/knownforprovidingagreatridingexperience.4.Ifanuclearwareverbreaksout，itisunlikelythatmanypeoplewillsurvive.→Ifanuclearwareverbreaksout，manypeoplewillbeunlikelytosurvive.[课下作业]题型组合练Ⅰ.语法填空(2018·山西省太原市一模)Amouse,becauseofa(n)1.________(luck)chance,madeclosefriendswithanevilfrog.Oneday,2.________frogplayedatrickonthemouseby3.________(tie)afootofthemousetohisown.Atfirst,bothofthemjoinedtogetherandthefrog4.________(lead)hisfriendtowardsthepoolinwhichhelived,anddidn’suddenlyjumpedintothewaterandthemousewaspulledinwith6.________(he).Thefrogenjoyedthewaterandswaminitaround,happilycrying7.________ifhehaddoneagreatdeed.Theunhappymousediedsooninthewater,andhisdeadbodyfloatedaroundonthesurface,8.________(fasten)tothefootofthefrog.Ahawksawthedeadmouse,suddenlyflewdowntowardsit,caughtitandflewaway.Thefrog,stilltiedtothelegofthemouse,wasalsocarriedawayasa9.________(prison),andit10.________(eat)bythehawk.Harmhatch,harmcatch.【语篇导读】本文主要叙述了一只青蛙聪慧反被聪慧误的故事。1.unlucky[考察词性变换。依据空后的名词chance可知，此处应用形容词，又由下文的anevilfrog可推知，这只老鼠很不幸，故用unlucky。]2.the[考察冠词。frog是可数名词，且第二次在文中出现，故用定冠词表示特指。]3.tying[考察非谓语动词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用tie的动名词形式12tying作介词by的宾语。]4.led[考察动词时态。与上文joined响应，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。]5.until[考察连词。固定搭配not...until...意为“直到才”，切合语境，故用连词until指引状语从句。]6.him[考察代词。人称代词的宾格形式作介词的宾语，故用he的宾格形式him作介词with的宾语。]7.as[考察连词。固定词组asif意为“仿佛”，其指引的从句使用虚构语气，假如与过去事实相反，则从句用过去达成时，切合语境。]8.fastened[考察非谓语动词。fasten和句子谓语floated之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和其主语hisdeadbody组成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。]9.prisoner[考察名词。prison意为“牢狱、监管、牢笼”；prisoner意为“监犯，俘虏”。依据语境可知，此处应用prisoner。]10.waseaten[考察动词时态和语态。联合下文的by可知，此处表示被动关系，且全文都使用一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态。]Ⅱ.短文改错(2018·山西太原市二模)Hereisafunnystory.Onedaythreemousessaidproudlytoeachotherthattheyeachcoulddrinkmorewine,sotheydecidedtohaveadrinkingcontest.Atlasttheybothfeltdizzy.Onesuggested,“Willanybodygotothewinecellartofetchanotherbottleofwine？”Thefirststoodupanddownthenfelltotheground.Theothertwolaughedandsaid,“Hewasdrinkingandcouldn’twalk.”Thesecondstoodup.Hejustmadeseveralstepsandcouldn’thelpthrownup.Thethirdlaughedhardlyandthenitwastheirturn.Hestoodupandmadeonestep,twosteps...Nothingiswrong.Hewentstraighttothewinecellarbuttookabottleofwine.Hestoodthereforwhile,turnedbackandsaidexcitedly,“Haha,whereisthecatnow？”答案Hereisafunnystory.Onemousesproudlytoeachotherthattheydaythreesaidmiceeachcoulddrinkmorewine,sotheydecidedtohaveadrinkingcontest.Atlasttheybothdizzy.Onesuggested,“Willanybodygotothewinecellartofetchanotherfeltall13bottleofwine？”Thefirststoodupanddownthenfelltotheground.Theothertwolaugheddrinkingandcouldn’twalk.”Thesecondstoodup.Heandsaid,“Hewasdrunkjustmadeseveralstepsandcouldn’thelpthrownthirdhardlyup.Thelaughedandthrowinghardthenitwastheiristurn.Hestoodupandmadeonestep,twosteps...Nothingwashisbutwrong.Hewentstraighttothewinecellarandtookabottleofwine.Hestoodthereforwhile,turnedbackandsaidexcitedly,“Haha,whereisthecatnow？”aⅢ.书面表达(2018·河南郑州第三次质量展望)假设你是班长李华，打算为本班的加拿大互换生Wendy举办18岁诞辰聚会，请用英语给她写一封电子邮件，见告她聚会的时间、地址、参加人员以及活动安排，并征采她的建议。注意：1.词数100左右；能够合适增添细节，以使行文连接；开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。DearWendy，Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHua【参照范文】14Dear__Wendy，We’resohappytoknowyour18thbirthdayisapproaching.Consideringyou’realonehereinChina,we’regoingtoholdapartyforyoutocelebrateit.Thepartywillbeheldintherestaurantjustnexttoourschoolat6：00thisSaturdayafternoon.Twentyofourclassmates,togetherwithfiveteachers,willjoin.Attheparty,there’llbeaspecialceremony,followedbydinner,drinking,singing,dancingandsoon.We’veordereddeliciousfoodandabirthdaycakeandpreparedgiftsforyou.Isthereanyspecialactivityyou’dliketohaveattheparty？Ifanyideastrikesyou,pleaseletusknow.Wesincerelyhopeyou’llturnupandhaveanicebirthday.Looking__forward__to__your__early__reply.Yours，Li__Hua基础回扣练(回扣B4M4－B4M6)Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Theolderapersonis,thesloweritwillbeforhimtoadapt(适应)tochanges.2.Sheclaimed(认领)hercoatwithredbuttonsonitattheLostandFound.3.Diagnosed(诊疗)withakidneyfailure,theyoungmanlostthehopeoflivingonintheworld.4.Eachproductwasofgoodquality(质量)andwonthepraiseandtrustofcustomers.5.Manyspecies(物种)aredyingoutbecauseofourdestructionoftheirnaturalhabitat.6.Apoetcanconvert(变换)ordinarywordsintoameaningfulandeffectivepieceofwriting.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.Largequantitiesofmoneyhave__been__spent(spend)inbringingupthethree15childrenuntilnow.2.Itiseverybody’sdutytoobservethetrafficrulestokeepoursocietyinorderandgoing(go)ontherighttrack.(2015·江苏卷)3.Theboymanagedtoescapefrombeing__punished/punishment(punish)matches.

theburninghouse,buthecouldn’tescapebecausethefirewascausedbyhisplayingwith4.Themuseumhasbeencompleted,butthegovernmenthasn’tmadeitclearwhenitwillbeopentothepublic.5.Thoughearning(earn)alittlemoney，thegirlgiveshalftoherparents.Ⅲ.单句改错1.Thereexistsmanyfactorsinfluencingthechildren’sfuturesuccess.exists→exist2.Keepingcalmlyisthemostimportantthingwhenyoudealwithanemergency.calmly→calm3.Intheviewoftheweather,theeventwillbeheldindoors.去掉view前的the4.OnlyifyoureturnthemontimeIlendyousomebooks.在I__前加will5.Afterthousandsofexperiments,theresearchersfinallymadebigbreakthrough.big前加aⅣ.选词填空throwlighton,dieout,dueto,carryout,asaresultof,gothrough1.Thefamilywent__throughtoo