现代大学英语精读paraphrase-原文译文版汇编

学习-----好资料LessononeVirtueis,indeedmustbe,self-centered.(para4)正确的行动是，确实也必须是以自我为中心的。Byrightaction,wemeanitmusthelppromotepersonalinterest.Theessentialsarefamiliar:thepovertyofthepoorwasthefaultofthepoor.Anditwasbecauseitwasproductoftheirexcessivefecundity…..(para5)他的基本观点为人熟知：穷人的贫穷是他们咎由自取，贫穷是热门过度生育的结果Thepovertyofthepoorwascausedbytheirhavingtoomanychildren.Povertybeingcausedinthebedmeantthattherichwerenotresponsibleforeitheritscreationoritsamelioration.(para6)贫穷源于过度生育意味着富人不应该为产生贫穷和解决贫穷承担责任Therichwerenottoblamefortheexistenceofpovertysotheyshouldnotbeaskedtoundertakethetaskofsolvingtheproblem.ItismerelytheworkingoutofalawofnatureandalawofGod(para8)这是自然规律和上帝的意志在起作用。Itisonlytheresultoreffectofthelawofthesurvivalofthefittestappliedtonatureortohumansociety.Itdeclinedinpopularity,andreferencetoitacquiredacondemnatorytone.(para9)然而在20世纪，人们认为社会学中的达尔文进化论有点过于残酷，遭到了普遍的质疑，人们提及它都带有谴责的口吻。PeoplebegantorejectSocialDarwinismbecauseitseemedtoglorifybrutalforceandopposetreasuredvaluesofsympathy,loveandfriendship.Therefore,whenitwasmentioned,itwasusuallythetargetofcriticism.Inrecentyears,however,ithasbecomeclearthatthesearchforawayofgettingthepooroffourconsciencewasnotatanend;itwasonlysuspended.(para11)然而，最近几年，很显然我们又在试图寻求不为穷人的存在而内疚的办法.这种尝试并没有结束，而只是曾经中断过一段时间。Thedesiretofindawaytojustifytheunconcernforthepoorhadnotbeenabandoned;ithad更多精品文档.学习-----好资料onlybeenputoff.Infact,wehaveintheUnitedStatesanextraordinarilygoodpublicserviceonemadeupoftalentedanddedicatedpeoplewhoareoverwhelminglyhonestandonlyrarelygiventooverpayingformonkeywrenches,flashlights,coffeemakers,andtoiletseats(para13)实际上，美国有非常优秀的公共服务队伍一支由富有才于和敬业精神的人组成的队伍，他们非常诚实，以致像出高价购实活动扳手、手电筒、咖啡壶以及马桶坐圈以获取回扣的情况及为罕见Governmentofficials,onthewhole,aregood;itisveryrarethatsomewouldpayhighpricesforofficeequipmenttogetkickbacks.Thisisperhapsourmosthighlyinfluentialpieceoffiction.(para15)这种说法也许是我们最有影响的一个虚构故事。Itisaverypopularstoryandhasbeenacceptedbymanybutitisnottrue.Beliefcanbetheservantoftruth---butevenmoreofconvenience.(para16)信念可以是真理的仆人，但更多的情况下只是一时之需。Beliefcanbeusefulinthesearchfortruth.Butmoreoftenthannotitisacceptedbecauseitisconvenientandself-serving.GeorgeGilder,agreatlyfavoredfigureoftherecentpast,whotellstomuchapplausethatthepoormusthavethecruelspuroftheirownsufferingtoensureeffort.(para20)最近深受欢迎的乔治吉尔德在众人的支持声中宣称穷人应该承受一定的痛苦，才能受到激励而努力改变现状；GeorgeGilderadvancestheviewthatonlywhenthepoorsufferfromgreatmiserywilltheybestimulatedtomakegreateffortstochangethesituation;inotherwords,sufferingisnecessarytoforcethepoortoworkhard.Lessontwo1.Butthesemarksofwildcountrycalledtomyfatherlikethelegendarysirensong.可是正是这些特征，像希腊神话里海妖那动听的歌声一样，诱惑着爸爸。Thoughtheplacewasnotpleasantanddisagreeabletootherpeople,theyweretheverythingsthatfascinatedmyfather---itsunexplored,uncultivatednaturalstate,andthechallenge.Theattractionswereirresistibletomyfather,justlikethelegendarysirensongtosailors.更多精品文档.学习-----好资料2.I'mafraidtheday'sgoingtocatchus,Iexplained,wonderingwhatgreatdisastermightbefallusifitdid.“我怕天就要黑了，"我解释到，心里想天真的黑了，会有什么样更大的灾难降临到我们头上。Asalittlegirl,Ibelievedmyfather'swords,andwasgenuinelyafraidofthepossibledisaster--ifwedidn'thurryup,thedaywouldcatchusandterriblethingsmighthappen.3….fromtimetotimehewashalfheartedlysoughtfortrial,thoughfewcrimesseemedtoleaddirectlytohisdoor.警察们时不时地例行公事，试图逮捕他，但似乎找不出他违法的具体证据。Inthisplace,thoughthepolicewoundmakesomeeffortwithoutrealearnesttoinvestigateWatsonandbringhimtocourt,thereseemedtobelittleconcreteevidencetoprovethathewasresponsibleforcertainillegalactivities..ThestrangleholdWatsonhadoverthissectionofFloridawasnotdissimilartotheunscrupulousactivitiesofcertainlawmen,otherlegalcrooks,andevengovernorsthatourstatewastosufferthroughitshistory.沃森在佛罗里达州这一地区的恶霸行为与我们在后来所遭受的某些执法者、法律骗子，甚至一些地方官员们的无耻行径毫无二致。ThecontrolWatsonhadoverthispartofFloridawasmuchsimilartothedishonestorillegalactivitiesofthelaw-enforcingofficialsandgovernorswhichFloridawitnessedinthe20thcentury..Therewasthelittleshack,notthemostgraciousoflivingquarters,andtherewasamurdererforournearestandonlyneighbor,aboutthirtymilesaway.小岛上有一个简陋的木屋，算不上很好的居住场所，唯一的近邻就是住在30英里外的杀人犯沃森。Beforethefamilybuilttheirownhouse,theylivedinashabbycabinatGopherKey,closetothemercilessWatson..KingRichardinhisgluttonyneversatatatablemoresumptuousthanourswasthreetimesaday..即使是讲究美食的国王理查德也不可能像我们一样一日三餐吃着如此丰盛的野味。Wehadabundantfoodontheisland,andeventhemealsenjoyedbyKingRichard,whowasfamousforhisloveoffood,couldn'tpossiblycomparewithours..Despitetheunrelentingheat,wewerehappytobeletofffromourhoursofschoolindoors,sessionswhichourmotherkepteveryday,rainorshine.尽管烈日当头，我们却很高兴不用在屋里上课；平时每天的这个时候，无论晴天还是下雨，妈妈都要给我们上课。Althoughitwasveryhotoutsideinthesun,wewerehappytobedismissedfrommymother'ssessionsindoors.Wewouldhavetoreadandwritewithhereverydaynomatterwhattheweatherwaslike.更多精品文档.学习-----好资料Unit3Evendroughts,floodsandheatwavesmaybecomeunwittingactsofman.(para2)甚至干旱、洪水、热电波等都可能是人类的无心之过Whatpeopledomayunintentionallycausedroughts,floodsandheatwaves.Butthisimage,nowrepeatedlythrustbeforeusinphotographs,posters,andadvertisements,ismisleading.(para4)但这种曾无数次展现在我们面前的照片海报和广告上的景象都是误导TheEarthweseeinphotos,posters,andads,whichappearssobeautiful,isnotthetruereflectionoftheworldwelivein.Thetechnospherehasbecomesufficientlylargeandintensetoalterthenaturalprocessesthatgoverntheecosphere.(para5)如此庞大和强烈的技术圈已经改变了控制生态圈的自然进程Humanactivitieshavetakenplaceoversuchlargeareasandwithsuchintensitythattheyhavealreadycauseddisastrouseffectsonecology....whichcouldestablishitselfonlybecauseitfittedproperlyintothepreexistingsystem.(para6)但正因为鱼能适应这一业已存在的系统，它才得以立足。Thefishcouldplayitsrolebecauseitbecameanecessarylinkwiththeprocessesprecedingitandtheprocessesfollowingitintheecologicalsystem.Definedsonarrowly,itisnosurprisethatcarshavepropertiesthatarehostiletotheirenvironment.(para8)若只为迎合买者和生产商汽车具有不利于环境的性能也就不足为奇了。Whencarsareproducedtoservesuchnarrowpurposes,itisnotsurprisingthatsomeoftheircharacteristicqualitiesareharmfultotheenvironment.Yieldsrose,butnotinproportiontotherateoffertilizerapplication…(para9)产量提高了，却与肥料投入量不成正比Thefarmersappliedmoreandmorechemicalfertilizer,butproductiondidnotincreaseatthesamerate.7….theirwasteisflushedintothesewersystemalteredincompositionbutnotinamountat更多精品文档.学习-----好资料treatmentplant...(para11)而它们的废物被冲送下水道，经处置后成分发生了改变但数量没有变化.People,afterdigestion,excretethewastewhichisflushedintothesewersystem.Thesewagegoestoatreatmentplantwhichmodifiesit,butitisstillwasteafterbeingprocessed.Thewastedoesnotreenterthelifecyclebutdisturbsthenaturalprocesseswhereveritisdumped.Lefttotheirowndevices,ecosystemsareconservative…(para12)若生态小环境保持其自身的方式，它们将几乎保持不变，进化速度十分锺慢。Iftheecosystemsarenotupsetbyoutsideintrusion,theywillremainthesamewithverylittlechange9.Incontrasttotheecosphere,thetechnosphereiscomposedofobjectsandmaterialsthatreflectarapidandrelentlessprocessofchangeandvariation.(para13)与生态圈相反，技术圈是由线性流程决定的Thecharacteristicsoftheobjectsandmaterialsinthetechnospherearerapidchangeandgreatvariety.10.Butthisisdoneonlyatthecostofunderstanding.(para18)但这种做法却是以我们的理解为代价的Ifwetakesidesinthewarofthetwoworlds,wearedoingsoattheriskoffailingtohaveaclearunderstandingofthenatureandcauseofthewar.Thus,welosethechancetoreallysolvethegraveenvironmentalcrisis.Unit4Howallmyownterritorywouldbealtered,asifalandslidehadgonethroughitandskimmedoffallmeaningexceptlossofMike.(para13)我的世界发生了天翻地覆的变化，就像发生了山崩，除了迈克的离去，其余的所有记忆都被冲掉了。TheimpactofMike'sleavingonmylifewasbeyondmyimagination.Ididn'texpectthatMike'sleavingwouldhavesuchatremendouspowerthatitwouldchangethemeaningofmyexistencecompletely.AllmythoughtswereaboutlossofMikeDuringthattimeoflifethatissupposedtobeareproductivedaze,withthewoman'smindallswampedbymaternaljuices,wewerestillcompelledtodiscussSimonedeBeauvoirandArthur更多精品文档.学习-----好资料KoestlerandTheCocktailParty.(para19)生命中的那段时光本应是忙于照着孩子，大脑处在一种产后带来的恍惚忙碌中，可我们却讨论着西蒙•波娃、阿瑟•凯斯特勒以及《鸡尾酒会儿》Atthattimewewereyoungmothers,andweweresupposedtoleadaterriblybusylifefullofconfusionandbewildermentcausedbygivingbirthtoandraisingbabies.Andourmindsweresupposedtobefullyoccupiedbyhowtofeedthebabiesandthingslikethat.However,inthemidstofallthiswestillfelttheneedtodiscusssomeoftheimportantthinkersofourtimelikeSimonedeBeauvoirandArthurKoestlerandT.&曰iot'ssophisticatedworkTheCocktailParty....Iwouldbefrightened,notofanyhostilitybutofakindofnonexistence.(para25)这时我会感觉到害怕不是因为人们之间的不友好，而是因为我感到自己不复存在。Iwouldbefrightened,andmyfearwasnotcausedbymyneighbors'visiblyhostileandviolentwayofliftsbutbyakindofformlessandhiddenemptinessandmeaninglessnessofhumanexistence.Whathappenedaroundmewastotallyirrelevanttome,andIfeltveryisolatedandalienated.Shedidnotaskme---wasitdelicacyordisapproval?---aboutmynewlife.(para29)她没有询问我的新生活，或是缘于不便提起，或是出于对我的新生活的不赞同Shedidnotaskmeaboutmynewlife,eitheroutofsubtleconsiderationformyfeelingaboutthissensitivesubjectoroutofdisapprovalofmynewlifestyle.Itwouldbeasleazythingtodo,inthehouseofhisfriends.(para49)在他朋友的家里，那的确是很不应该做的事。Itwouldbeamorallylowthing,anindecentthingtocommitinfidelityinthehouseofafriend.Iknewnowthathewasapersonwhohadhitrockbottom.(para88)我现在知道，他是世上最不幸的人.Iknewthathewasapersonwhohadexperiencedtheworstinlife,thehardestexperienceapersonmighthavetoendure.Heandwifeknewthattogetheranditboundthem,assomethinglikethatwouldeitherbreakyouapartorbindyou,forlife.(para88)更多精品文档.学习-----好资料他和妻子共同体验了这一切。这把他们绑在了一起，就像有些事在生活中要么把你们拆散，要么使你们终生在一起Theyexperiencedtheworsttogetherandtheyknewwhatitwaslikeandunderstoodthemeaningofthatexperience.Suchanexperienceposedthegravesttesttopeople.Iftheystoodthetest,theirfriendshipormarriagewouldhestrengthened,andasacredbondagewouldbeformedbetweenthem.Butiftheyfailedtheteat,theirrelationshipwouldbebrokenandtheywouldbedrivenapart.Notriskingathingyetstayingaliveasasweettrickle,anundergroundresource.Withtheweightofthisnowstillnessonit,thisseal.(para94)我们不拿它来冒险，而是让它像涓涓细流慢慢地流淌，仿若地下资源。将爱封存，让它静静地沉淀。Iftheyactedonlove,theywouldtakerisks.Theywouldn'tdothatorgofurtherintheirrelationship,buttheywouldratherlettheirloveremainasasweettrickle,whichwouldflowongentlyandpermanently,andasanundergroundresource,whichwouldneverbefullytappedbutwouldnevergodry.Unit5.Thenationalrejectionofdogmaticpreconceptionsaboutthenatureofthesocialandeconomicorder(para6)美国拒绝关于社会本质和经济规律的教条式偏见。Asanation,Americahasrefusedtoclingtocertainrigidprinciplesconcerningsocialandeconomicdevelopment.Americahasbeenadaptableandflexible..NorcanonesuggestthatAmericanshavebeenconsistentlyimmunetotheideologicaltemptation.(para8)没有人能说美国始终如一地不受意识形态体系诱惑的影响，NoonecansaythatAmericanshaveneverbeentemptedbytheapproachofunderstanding,preservingortransformingtheworldaccordingtorigiddogmas..andanyintellectsoshapedwasboundtohavecertainvulnerabilitytosecularideologyeverafter.(para8)而如此形成的思维方式一定始终容易受到世俗意识形态体系的攻击。AmindinfluencedbyCalvinisttheologywouldsurelyfinditsomewhatdifficulttoresistothertemptationstoideologicalthinking.更多精品文档.学习-----好资料.Pragmatismisnomorewhollydevoidofabstractionsthanideologyiswhollydevoidofexperience.(para10)实用主义并不完全排斥抽象慨念，就像意识形态体系不完全排斥经验一样。Abstractideashaveaplaceinpragmatismjustasexperiencehasaroleinideology..Asanideologist,however,Jeffersonistodayremote-afigurenotofpresentconcernbutofhistoricalcuriosity(para11)然而，作为一个意识形态主义者，他只是一个令人好奇的历史人物.他的思想过时与今天的现实无关。Asamanfollowingafixedsetofbeliefs,Jeffersonisonlyaninterestinghistoricalfigure.Hisbeliefsareoutofdateandareirrelevanttopresentreality..andoftenwhosecentraldogmaisconfidedtothecustodyofaninfalliblepriesthood.(para15)而这个理论体系的本质掌握在永无谬误的圣人手中。Theessenceofthetheoreticalsystemisputinthehandsofasmallgroupofpeoplewhocannevergowrong..wherefreemenmayfindpartialtruths,butwherenomortalmanwillevergetanabsolutegriponAbsoluteTruth,(para16)一个自由的人们可以找到部分真理，而不是某个凡人独自掌握了绝对真理的世界；IntheuniverseapersonwhosemindisunconstrainedmaybeabletodiscoverrelativetruthsbutnomanonearthcanclaimthathehasalreadygraspedtheoneandonlyTruth..Butideologyisadrug;nomatterhowmuchitisexposedbyexperience,thecravingforitstillpersists.(para19)但意识形态体系就像毒品.不管实践怎样揭露它，对它的渴望依然存在IdeologyhasthecharacteristicofanarcoticInspiteofthefactthatithasbeenprovenwrongmanytimesbyexperience,peoplestilllongtocommitthemselvestoideology..theonlycertaintyinanabsolutesystemisthecertaintyofabsoluteabuse(para21)绝对的权力必然导致权力的滥用。Theonlythingthatissureofadespoticsystemisitsunrestrictedexerciseofpower..Thedistinctivehumantriumph,intheirjudgment,liesinthecapacitytounderstandthefrailtyofhumanstrivingbuttostrivenonetheless.(para22)更多精品文档.学习-----好资料他们懂得人类奋斗是存在缺憾的，但仍然奋斗不息。Themostoutstandingachievementofhumanityistheyknowthatnomatterhowhardtheytry,theycannotachieveAbsoluteTruth,yettheycontinuetomakegreateffortsandrefusetogiveup.Unit7Formanholdsinhismortalhandsthepowertoabolishallformsofhumanlife.(para2)因为人类在自己的手中掌握着足以阻止一切人类贫穷的形成且破坏各种人类生活形式的力量。Asaresultoftechnologicaldevelopment,humanbeingsnowhavethepowertoputanendtopovertyandhumanmisery,butatthesametimetheyalsopossessthepowertodestroythewholeworld,renderingituninhabitableandlifeless....unwillingtowitnessorpermittheslowundoingofthosehumanrights…(para3)而且不愿目睹容许我国一向维护的人权被人逐渐剥夺，这是我们现今无论在国内或国外都必须坚持的立场Wedonotwanttoseeortoallowtheslowdestructionofthosehumanrights.Tothosepeoplesinthehutsandvillagesofhalftheglobestrugglingtobreakthebondsofmassmisery,wepledgeourbesteffortstohelpthemhelpthemselves…(para8)对位于我们南边的各个姐妹共和国.我们提出一项特别的保证Tothepeopleoftheunderdevelopedcountrieslivinginpovertyinruralareas,wearecommittedtohelpingthemtoridthemselvesofmasspovertybytheirownefforts.Butthispeacefulrevolutionofhopecannotbecomethepreyofhostilepowers.(para9)但是此一希望的和平革命.绝不能成为敌国的牺牲品。ButweshouldnotletanyCommunistpowertakeadvantageofthisallianceforprogresstoexpanditsinfluence.Andleteveryotherpowerknowthatthishemisphereintendstoremainthemasterofitsownhouse.(para9)并让所有美洲以外的国家都知道，西半球的事会由其自己管理。WewanttomakecleartotheCommunistpowersthatAmericasaretheAmericasoftheAmericans.Donotattempttopenetrateintothisarea....beforethedarkpowersofdestructionunleashedbyscienceengulfallhumanityinplannedoraccidentalself-destruction.(para11)更多精品文档.学习-----好资料不要等到科学所释放出的危险的破坏力量在有意或无意中使全人类沦于自我毁灭...beforetheworldisdestroyedbyanuclearwarlaunchedinapreemptiveattackorcausedbyaccident....yetbothracingtoaltertheuncertain...ofmankind'sfinalwar.(para13)然而却仍然竞相改进那足以遏止人类最后战争的那一不稳定的恐怖均衡.Yetbothsidesattempttogetanedgeinthenucleararmsracesoastobreakthemutualdeterrencewhichhassofarpreventedtheoutbreakofanuclearwar....civilityisnotasignofweakness,andsincerityisalwayssubjecttoproof.(para14)谦恭并不代表懦弱，但要证明其诚意Tobereadytonegotiateandestablishfriendlyrelationsdoesnotmeanthatweareweakorafraid.Declarationsofsincereintentionhavetobetestedbyactions.Letbothsidesseektoinvokethewondersofscienceinsteadofitsterrors.(para17)让双方探究是什么能使我们团结在起，而避免致力于加强那些使我们分裂的问题。Letthetwosidesusethefruitsofscienceforthebenefitofhumanityratherthanusinghigh-techweaponstokillanddestroy....eachgenerationofAmericanshasbeensummonedtogivetestimonytoitsnationalloyalty.(para21)每一代的美国人都曾被唤起表明其对国家的忠诚TherehavebeenoccasionsforeachgenerationofAmericanstobecalledupontofightanddiefortheircountry.Unit9l.Perhapsbecausetheydon'thavehometowns,justplaceswheretheywereborn.Butthese更多精品文档.学习-----好资料girlssoakupthejuiceoftheirhometowns,anditneverleavesthem.(para2)也许因为她们不曾有家乡，那些地方只是她们的出生地。但是她们深受家乡的影响，而且这种影响伴随她们终生aThisisperhapsbecausetheyonlyhaveplacesofbirth,butnotplaceswheretheyfeelathomeandwhichtheyidentifythemselveswith.Butthesegirlsarestronglyinfluencedbytheirhometown,andtheinfluencestayswiththemforeverevenaftertheyleavetheirhometown,2.Whereveriterupts,thisFunk,theywipeitaway;whereitcrusts,theydissolveit;whereveritdrips,flowers,orclings,theyfinditandfi