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Theeconomy：Cheer①PoliticalgridlockmaybebadforAmerica’seconomy,saysEdwardMcBride,buttheunderlyinggrowthprospectsaremuchbrighterthantheyseem.：Report，区域或话题《》以不署作者的名字而出名，但有两个例外和编辑离职前的最后一篇稿件和特别：②a.ThebeliefthatAmericaislosingitseconomicedgeisadvantage“ThebeliefthatXispervasiveThereisapopularbeliefthat...”或“Apopularbeliefgoesthat...”.我们试着造两个句子：ThebeliefthatwillovertakeAmericatobetheworld'smostpowerfuleconomicengineisThebeliefthatXiong'anwillbeanotherShenzhenis③PoorschoolingfeedsintoconcernsaboutAmerica’scapacityto句中的“feedintoconcerns”是加深顾虑的意思，表达非常形象，明显比“AmakespeoplemoreconcernedViolentsinfeedintoconcerns ernanceandpeaceintheThejudge'ssusceptibilitytopublicopinionsfeedsintoconcernsaboutjudicial④Itstilltowersoveremerginggiantslikeincrucialmatterssuchasthequalityofitsresearchuniversitiesandrespectforinlectual-propertyrights.“toweroversb./sth.”也是很生动的表达。它的本意是身高高于，在这里用的是比喻义，可以指形象、影响力、实力等。具体是在哪方面优于对方，可以在“incrucialmatterssuchas”后面明确。它的形容词形式⑤TheUnitedStates efarmorecompetitivefarmorequicklyifCongresspunchedits的词源，Wikitionary这么写道：anallusiontoaboxerwhopunchesmorepowerfullythanotherboxersinthesameweightclass.《牛津英语词典》的释义是：engageinanactivityorcontestperceivedasbeingbeyond/belowone'sweightWhenitcomestoinnovation,SouthKoreaandFinlandpunchfarabovetheirweightgiventheirsizeand①Almostanyweekdaymorningatoneofthecity’smanythink-apackedaudienceofacademics,journalistsandernmentofficialscanbefound,papercupsofcoffeeinhandandmuffinsbalancedonknees,agonisingoverthecountry’swaningcompetitiveness.【解析】本句主干是apackedaudienceofacademics,journalistsand ernmentofficialscanbefound，这是一个结构主语是apackedaudienceofacademics,journalistsand 句首，Almostanyweekdaymorning为时间状语（该状语省略了引导词介词on，atoneofthecity’smanythink-为地点状语。句尾，papercupsofcoffeeinhand和muffinsbalancedonknees都是独立主格结构，其构成++agonisingoverthecountry’swaningcompetitiveness是现在分词短语作伴随状语。员。他们手里拿着咖啡纸杯，膝盖上平放着松饼，为日渐的竞争力苦恼不已。②Therecessionmaygraduallybereceding,theworrygoes,butlong-ignoredimpedimentstogrowthwillhobbletherecoveryandpreventfuturegenerationsfromachievingtheAmericandream.buttheworrygoes是插入语，这是一个主谓结构，为方便理解，theworrygoesthattherecession…butlong-ignoredimpediments…goeslong-ignoredimpedimentstogrowthwillhobble和(will)prevent，therecoveryfuturegenerations，fromachievingtheAmericandreamprevent。【译文人们普遍的担忧是经济也许已经开始减轻但长期被忽略的经济增长将会让复苏充满坎坷，使未来几代人无法实现梦。③Onthecurrenttrajectory,thesoaringcostsofMedicareandMedicaid,theernment’shealth-careschemesfortheoldandthepoorrespectively,alongwithSocialSecurity,thestatepensionscheme,willconsumeallfederalrevenueswithinageneration,leavingnothingforanythingelse.thesoaringcostsofMedicareandMedicaid…willconsumeallfederalrevenues，是一个主谓宾结构。句子的主语部分非常长：thesoaringcostsofMedicareandMedicaid,theernment’shealth-careschemesfortheoldandthepoorrespectivelyalongwithSocialSecuritythestatepensionscheme，其中心词是thesoaringcoststheernment’shealth-careschemesfortheoldandthepoorrespectivelyMedicareandMedicaid的同位语，thestatepensionschemeSocialSecurity的同位语，需要注意的是alongwith引导的是一个状语，因这些都是提供的社会福利项目的开销，所以都归入主语部分。willconsumeallfederalrevenues。withinageneration为时间状语。句子最后是现在分词短语leavingnothingforanythingelseOnthecurrenttrajectory也是一个状语。④Atthestartofthismonththetwosidessubjectedthecountrytoarbitraryandill-timedbudgetcuts,whichbothadmitarefoolhardyandwhichareboundtoweighonthealreadyfeebleeconomy.是主语，subjected是谓语，thecountry是宾语，toarbitraryandill-timedbudgetcuts是状语，subjectsthtosth非限制性定语从句，修饰budgetcutswhicharefoolhardy，其中bothadmit为插入语，在第二个从句中，which是主语，指代budgetcuts，areboundtoweighon是谓语部分，thealreadyfeebleeconomy是宾语部分。①development国际上通常采用R&D活动的规模和强度指标反映一国的科技实力和竞争力。一国的R&D水平体现着一国R&DR&DR&D。R&D的定量研究表明，投资R&D的收益率相当可观。们将投资R&D的收益率分为私人收益率和社会收而且，R&D研究表明，无论是私人收益率还是社会收益率，都相当可观，大体在20%-40%之间【摘自百科：R&D】②decoopérationetdedéveloppementéconomiques，简称经合组织（OECD35成立于1961年，目前成员国总数35个，总部设在巴黎【摘自百科：经济合作与发展组织】③PISA（ProgramforInternationalStudentAssessment）(国际学生评估项目的缩写）是一项由经济合作与发展组织（OrganizationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment，OECD）统筹的学生能力国际评估计划。主要对接近完成基础教育的15岁学生进行评估，测试[1]学生们能否掌握参与社需要的知识与技能【摘自百④Dodd-Frank 。《1933年银行法案）比肩的又一块金融基石，并为全球金融树立新的标尺内容就是在金融系。⑤Interstate495(CapitalInterstate495(I-495)isa64-(103km)InterstateHighwaythatsurroundsWashington,D.C.,thecapitaloftheUnitedStatesofAmerica,andthecity'sinnersuburbsinadjacentMarylandandVirginia.I-495iswidelyknownastheCapitalBeltwaytheDCBeltwayorsimplytheBeltwayespeciallywhenthecontextofWashington,D.CisclearItisthebasisofthephraseInsidetheBeltwayusedwhenreferringtoissuesdealingwithAmericanernmentandpolitics.I-95utilizesthesouthernandeasternhalfoftheCapitalBeltwaytocircumnavigateWashington,D.C.,andiscosignedwithI-495alongthatportion.【FromWikipedia】Theeconomy：CheerPoliticalgridlockmaybebadforAmerica’seconomy,saysEdwardMcBride,buttheunderlyinggrowthprospects¹aremuchbrighterthantheyseemanideaofwhatmightorwillhappeninthefuturee.g.anexcitingprospect1ITITIS2030,and universitylecturerisex ininghowadecadent²AmericawentthewayoftheandandRomanempires.Ruinous³economicpoliciesledtocripplingdebt,muchofitowned .“Nowtheyforus,”hesayswithasmirk⁴,toprolongedsniggers⁵fromhishavingorshowinglowstandards,especiallymoralones,andaninterestonlyinpleasureandenjoymentratherthanseriousthings的；颓废的；享乐的【SYNe.g.thedecadentrich享乐e.g.adecadentlifestyle/society的生活方式；的社costingalotofmoneyandmorethanyoucanafforde.g.ruinouslegalfees法律费tosinasillyorunpleasantwaythatshowsthatyouarepleasedwithyourself,knowsththatotherpeopledonotknow,etc.自鸣得意地笑；傻笑e.g.Shehadaself-satisfiedsmirkonherface.她扬扬得意的样子aquietunpleasantlaughespeciallyatsthrudeoratsb'sproblemsormistakes【SYNParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofandepictionoftheexnationsofMainIdeasofP1:andepictionofthe2Thisdepiction⁶Thisdepiction⁶ofthefuturecomesfrom evisionadvertisementattackingBarackObama’spolicies andother countriesarebeatingAmericaintheracefor“thejobsofthefuture”.Heranfor,heoncesaid,tostopAmerica inglesscompetitiveAdepictionofsomethingisapictureorawrittendescriptionofit.描绘;描画;描写;描述;【SYN】representationdescriptionpicturee.g.thedepictionofsocialistsasUtopiandreamers.把者描绘成怀揣梦想的(ofanexpressiononsb'sface面部表情showingthatsbisveryworried【SYNe.g.Therewasahauntedlookinhiseyes.ParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofThisdepictioncomesfromaevisionadvertisementattackingBarackObama’spolicieslastMrObamahimselfseemshauntedby心exnationsof3ThebeliefthatAmericaislosingitseconomicedge⁸ispervasive⁹.Americansaremorepessimisticabouttheircountry’sprospectsthanatanypointsinceGallup,apollingfirm,firststartedaskingthemin1959.TheofofWashington,DC,sharetheirconcern.Almostanyweekdaymorningatoneofthecity’smanypackedpacked¹¹audienceofacademics,journalists ernmentofficialscanbefound,papercupsofcoffeeinandmuffinsbalancedonknees,agonising¹²overthecountry’swaning¹³competitiveness.Therecessionmaygraduallybereceding¹⁴,theworrygoes,butlong-ignoredimpediments¹⁵togrowthwillhobbletherecoveryandpreventfuturegenerationsfromachievingtheAmericandream.有“边缘,aslightadvantageoversbsth(微弱的)e.g.Theneedstoimproveitscompetitiveedge.公司必须提高它的竞争力。existinginallpartsofaceorthing;spreadinggraduallytoaffectallpartsofaceorthing遍布的；充斥各【SYNcommone.g.Asenseofsocialchangeispervasiveinhernovels.小说里充斥着社会变化的意识aofhighsocialrankandimportance大人物；显要人e.g.HeisaformerdefencesecretaryoftheUnitedStatesandagrandeeoftheDemocraticParty.他是前国防extremelyfullofpeople【SYNe.g.Therestaurantwaspacked.e.g.Theshowyedtopackedhouses(=largeaudiences).演出场场观众爆满。tospendalongtimethinkingandworryingaboutadifficultsituationorproblem【SYNstrugglee.g.Ispentdaysagonisingoverwhethertotakethejobornot. egraduallyweakerorlessimportant；；败落；减【SYNdecreasee.g.Herenthusiasmforthewholeideawaswaningrapidly.tomovegraduallyawayfromsborawayfromapreviousposition【SYNfullback,e.g.Thesoundofthetruckrecededintothedistance.卡车渐渐在远处了somethingthatdelaysorstopstheprogressofsth【SYNe.g.Thelevelofinflationisaseriousimpedimenttoeconomicrecovery.通货膨胀是影响经济复苏的严重ParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofThebeliefthatAmericaislosingitsedgeisexnationsofMainIdeasofP3:ThebeliefthatAmericaislosingitseconomicedgeis4considersconsiderstheUnitedStatesonlytheworld’sseventh-fittesteconomy,abigslidefrom cejustfourago.Itfaults¹⁶America’sinfrastructure(14thoutof¹⁷the144countriesitassesses),itsprimaryeducationandhealthcare(34th),itsinstitutions(41st)andaboveallitsmacroeconomicenvironment(111th,mainlybecauseoftheballooning¹⁸publicdebt).Theonlycategoryinwhichthecountrystillranksfirstismarketsize,aslot¹⁹itisdestineddestined²⁰tolose soonerorv.tofindamistakeoraweaknessinsbsth【SYNe.g.Hercolleaguescouldnotfaultherdedicationtothejob.同事认为敬业精神是无可挑剔的之前学过此意，复下，~of fromaparticularnumberorset从(某个数目或集)e.g.Youscoredoneoutoften.n.v.为tosuddenlyswelloutorgetbigger(突然)膨胀,涨大e.g.Herskirtballoonedoutinthewind.裙子让风吹得鼓起来了。aposition,atimeoranopportunityforsb/sth,forexampleinalist,aprogrammeofeventsoraseriesofe.g.TheiralbumhasoccupiedtheNumberOneslotforthepastsixweeks.havingafuturewhichhasbeendecidedornnedatanearliertime,especiallybyfate预定；注定；(尤指)命中e.g.Weseemdestinednevertomeet.ParagraphParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofOutsidersareanxiousexnationsofMainIdeasofP4:Outsidersareanxious5Themisgivings²¹areeasytounderstand.Growthissluggish,unemploymentishighandinvestorsarewary.America’spublicdebtisapproaching$17trillion,morethan100%ofGDP,andithasbeengrowingfast.Muchofthisstemsfromthetransitory²²effectsoftherecession,butitwillgetworseratherthenbetter.Onthetrajectorytrajectory²³,thesoaringcostsofMedicareandMedicaid²⁴, ernment’shealth-careschemesfortheoldthepoorrespectively,alongwithSocialSecurity,thestatepensionscheme,willconsumeallfederalrevenueswithinageneration,leavingnothingforanythingelse.feelingsofdoubtoranxietyaboutwhatmighthappenoraboutwhetherornotsthistherightthingtodo疑虑；顾e.g.Ihadgravemisgivingsaboutmakingthetrip.continuingforonlyashorttime【SYNfleetinge.g.thetransitorynatureofhishappiness他的昙花一thecurvedpathofsththathasbeenfiredhitorthrownintotheair(射体在空中的)轨道,弹道,轨迹,【SYNpathtrack,e.g.amissile'strajectory的弹e.g.Mycareerseemedtobeonadownwardtrajectory.(intheUS)theinsurancesystemthatprovidesmedicalcareforpoorpeople医疗制度(向贫困者提供ParagraphParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofThemisgivingsareeasyto解exnationsofMainIdeasofP5:Themisgivingsareeasyto6trimming“entitlements”,theother yaccusesitofbetrayingthepoorortheelderly.RepublicansAmerica’spoliticianshavebeenfeckless²⁵inthefaceofthisimpending²⁶disaster.Allthebickering²⁷overbudgetsoftrimming“entitlements”,theother yaccusesitofbetrayingthepoorortheelderly.RepublicansDemocratsaresomuchatodds²⁸thatdecisionsareonlyevermadeatthe11thhour,orthe13th,andinanill-consideredandpiecemealfashion.Wordslike“shutdown”and“default”have epartofWashington’severydaylanguage.havingaweakcharacternotbehavinginaresponsibleway【SYNe.g.Herhusbandwasacharming,butlazyandfecklessman.丈夫,但却是个懒惰没有出息的人。(usuallyofanunpleasantevent通常指不愉快的事thatisgoingtohappenverysoon【SYNimminent,e.g.hisimpendingretirement/e.g.warningsofimpendingdanger/disaster对临时 /toargueaboutthingsthatarenotimportant(为小事)斗嘴,【SYNsquabblee.g.Thechildrenarealwaysbickeringaboutsomethingorother.beatodds(withtobedifferentfromsthwhenthetenthingsshouldbethesame(与…)有差异,e.g.Thesefindingsareatoddswithwhatisgoingonintherestofthecountry.这些研究结果与国内其他地区的实→odds:thedegreetowhichsthislikelytohappen(事物发生的)可能性,概率,几率,机会e.g.Theoddsareverymuchinourfavourwearelikelytosucceed).我方胜算的几率极大。e.g.Theoddsareheavilyagainsthim(=heisnotlikelytosucceed).他成功的几率很小。ParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofAmerica’spoliticianshavebeenfecklessinfaceofthisimpendingexnationsofMainIdeasofP6:America’spoliticianshavebeenfecklessinthefaceofthisimpending731stinmaths, ceslikeMacauandThecombinationofdysfunctional²⁹politicsandemptycoffers³⁰,inturn³¹,ispreventingCongressfromdealingwiththeeconomy’sotherobvious ings.TheAmericanSocietyofCivilEngineersgivesthecountry’sinfrastructureagradeD.America’sschoolchildrenearn31stinmaths, ceslikeMacauandnotworkingnormallyorproperly机能失调的；功能的e.g.childrenfromdysfunctionalfamilies有缺陷家庭的awayofreferringtothemoneythataernment,anorganization,etc.hasavailabletospend(、机构等的)e.g.Thenation'scoffersareempty.inasaresultofsthinaseriesofeventse.g.Increasedproductionwill,inturnleadtoincreasedprofits.notskilfulorsuccessful;ofverylowqualitye.g.Thesingergaveadismalperformanceofsomeoldsongs.那歌手唱了几首老歌,ParagraphParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofThecombinationofdysfunctionalpoliticsandemptycoffersispreventingCongressfromdealingwiththeeconomy’sotherobvious承接P6，政治和财政原因使得exnationsofMainIdeasofP7:Thecombinationofdysfunctionalpoliticsandemptycoffersispreventingfromdealingwiththeeconomy’sother 8PoorschoolingfeedsintoconcernsaboutAmerica’scapacitytoinnovate.Americanfirms’researchanddevelopment(R&D)budgetshavegrownmuchfasterabroadthanathome.Amisconceived³³immigrationsystemisturningaway³⁴theverypeoplewhocouldhelpremedythat,bydenyingvisastotalentedforeigners.Proliferating³⁵redtape³⁶iscausingtangles³⁷everywhere,fromthe400subsidiaryregulationsoftheDodd-Frank ernmentrequireshospitalstouseforthetheytreat,includingoneforinjuriesfrombeinghitbyabadlynnedorjudged;notcarefullythoughtabout计划不周的；判断的；欠考虑e.g.amisconceivededucation考虑不周的教育政turnIfyouturnsomeoneaway,youdonotallowthemtoenteryourcountry,home,orotherce.…进入e.g.Turningrefugeesawaywouldbeaninhumaneaction.收容难民是不人道的行为。toincreaserapidlyinnumberoramount迅速繁殖(或增殖)【SYNe.g.Booksandarticlesonthesubjecthaveproliferatedoverthelastyear.过去一年以来,论及这一问题的书和文章redofficialrulesthatseemmorecomplicatedthannecessaryandpreventthingsfrombeingdonequickly繁文缛节；【ORIGIN】Fromthecustomoftyingupofficialswithredorpinktape.源自用红色或粉红色的带子捆扎astateofconfusionorlackoforder；纷e.g.Hisfinancialaffairsareinatangle.anillnessthatisnotveryserious【SYN】illness,comint,e.g.childhoodcommonminorailments儿童期/常见/ParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofPoorschoolingfeedsintoconcernsAmerica’scapacitytoexnationsofMainIdeasofP8:PoorschoolingfeedsintoconcernsaboutAmerica’scapacityto9“Isthisa“Isthisacountrythatcanstillgetbigthingsdone?”askedtheheadoftheUSChamberofCommerce,alobby,inJanuary.Thisspecialreportwillarguethattheanswerisyes—butonlyifyoulookbeyondtheenergy,education,immigration,infrastructureandregulation.ThesehelpdeterminethenumberandofAmerica’sworkers,andthushowquicklytheeconomywillgrowinthelongrun—themostbasicmeasurecompetitiveness.Oneverycount,despiteglaring⁴¹problems,theoutlookislessbleak⁴²thantheatotalinabilitytomove,act,function,etc.(活动、工作等)能力的完全丧失,瘫e.g.Thestrikecausedtotalparalysisinthecity.使这座城市完全瘫痪wringsb'stosqueezesb'shandverytightlywhenyoushakehands(握手时)→wring：~sth(out) totwistandsqueezeclothes,etc.inordertogetthewateroutofthem拧,绞,拧出,绞出(衣服(ofsthbad的事物)veryeasilyseen显眼的；明显的；易见【SYNe.g.aglaringerroromissioninconsistencyinjustice明显的错误/疏漏/不一致/①这里为(ofasituation状况notencouragingorgivinganyreasontohavehopee.g.ableakoutlookprospect暗淡的前景/②(oftheweather天气coldandunpleasante.g.ableakwinter'sdayParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofThisisacountrythatcanstillgetbigexnationsofMainIdeasofP9:ThisisacountrythatcanstillgetbigthingsBottomThatispartlybecausetheyoverstatetheircase.Forinstance,rumoursofthedeathofAmericaninnovationareexaggerated:thecountryisspendingasmuchofitsoutputonR&Dasiteverhas,andcontinuestocomeup mattersmatterssuchasthequalityofitsresearchuniversitiesandrespectfor lectual-propertyrights.However,mainreasonforcheeristhatbeyondtheBeltwaynooneiswaitingforthe ernmenttofixtheAttheregionalandlocallevelAmericaisalreadyreformingandinnovating(ofan,project,etc.计划、项目等)startingwithdetailsandthenlatermovingontomoregeneralprinciples自e.g.abottom-upapproachtotacklingtheproblemtowerover/abovesb/①tobemuchhigherortallerthanthepeopleorthingsthatarenear高于,超过(附近的人或物)e.g.Hetoweredoverhisclassmates.他的个儿比班里其他同学高出一大截。②tobemuchbetterthanothersinabilityqualityetc.(在能力、品质等方面)胜过,远远超过(其他)e.g.Shetowersoverotherdancersofhergeneration.她远远超过同时代的舞蹈演员。veryactive,determinedorfullofenergy充满的；果断的；精力充沛【SYNe.g.avigorousopponentoftheernment的e.g.Takevigorousexerciseforseveralhoursaweek.ParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofThatispartlybecausetheyoverstatetheirexamplesofMainIdeasofP10:ThatispartlybecausetheyoverstatetheirLocalofficialsarecompetingviciously⁴⁶toluremigrantsandinvestment.Theyareusingevery reforms.Education,forexample,isbeingturnedupsidedown⁴⁹inthemostcomprehensive⁵⁰overhaulinmemory.memory.Oninfrastructure,mayors ernorsare thenettle⁵¹Congresswillnot,bycomingupwithnewfundingverybadorseveree.g.aviciousspiralofrisingpricesAnenticementissomethingwhichmakespeoplewanttodoaparticularthing.物;引诱e.g.Amongotherenticements,theyadvertizedthattheywouldtakegueststoRamsgatefortheday.除了其他tocancelorgetridofsththatisnolongerpracticalorusefule.g.Theyhadbeendtoscrapnsforanewschoolbuilding.他们已被迫撤销了建筑新校舍的计划turnsthupside①tomakeaceuntidywhenlookingforsth把…翻得乱七八糟；使凌e.g.Theturnedthewholehouseupsidedownlookingforclues.为查找线索把整所房子翻得乱七八糟②tocauselargechangesandconfusionina'slife给(生活)造成大的变化(或e.g.Hissuddendeathturnedherworldupsidedown.他的遽然离世使生活完全乱套了includingall,oralmostall,theitems,details,facts,informationetcthatmaybeconcerned全部的；所有的；(几【SYNcompletee.g.acomprehensivestudygraspthetodealwithadifficultsituationfirmlyandwithouthesitatingParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofLocalofficialsarecompetingviciouslytomigrantsandexnationsofTheyarealsoembarkingonfar-examplesofMainIdeasofP11:Localofficialsarecompetingviciouslytoluremigrantsandinvestment,andembarkingonfar-reachingWashingtonWashingtonisnot yabsentfromthesechanges(MrObamahasmadethingseasierforCongresshadahandintheschoolreforms).Buttheoverallpictureisofrevolutionfromthebottomup,ratherthanthetopdown⁵².Thishasitsadvantages:thestatesyetagainareprovingthemselveslaboratoriesforexperimentation.YetitsalsomeansthatAmerica’seconomicfightback⁵³ispatchy⁵⁴andinconsistent.TheUnitedStatescould efarmorecompetitivefarmorequicklyifCongresspuncheditsweight⁵⁵.top(ofan,project,etc.计划、项目等)startingwithageneralideatowhichdetailsareaddedlater从总体到具体aneffortbya,grouporteamtogetbacktoastrongpositionthattheyhavelost回击existingorhappeninginsomecesandnotothers零散的；散落的；分布不匀【SYN】unevene.g.patchyfog团团的雾punchaboveyourtobeortrytobemoresuccessfulthanothersinngsththatnormallyrequiresmoreskill,experience,money,etc.thanyouhave勉为其难e.g.Thisyerseemstobeabletoconstantlypunchabovehis→punchyourwight:→punchbelowyourweight:ParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofTheoverallpictureisofrevolutionfrombottomup,ratherthanthetopThishasitsTheUnitedStatescould efarmorecompetitivefarmorequicklyifCongresspuncheditsMainIdeasofP12:TheUnitedStates efarmorecompetitivefarmorequicklyifpuncheditsThisisahugelyimportantcondition.Thepoliticalfeud⁵⁶inWashington,andthefiscalshenanigans⁵⁷thatcomewithit,constitutethebiggestthreattothenation’sprosperity,andthemaincaveat⁵⁸totheotherwiseoptimisticassessmentoutlinedinthisreport.Atthestartofthismonththetwosidessubjectedthecountrytoarbitrary⁵⁹andill-timed⁶⁰budgetcuts,whichbothadmitarefoolhardy⁶¹andwhichareboundtoweighon⁶²thealreadyfeebleeconomy.economy.Moreover,alleffortstoboostAmerica’scompetitivenessarefornaught⁶³ifthe ⁶⁴costsMedicareMedicareandMedicaidarenotreinedin⁶⁵—somethingonlythe ernmentcananangryandbitterargumentbetweentenpeopleorgroupsofpeoplethatcontinuesoveralongperiodoftime长e.g.afeudwiththeneighbourssecretordishonestactivitiesthatpeoplefindinterestingoramusingawarningthatparticularthingsneedtobeconsideredbeforesthcanbedone(ofanaction,adecision,arule,etc.行动、决定、规章等)notseemingtobebasedonareason,systemornandsometimesseemingunfair任意的；武断的；随心所欲的e.g.Hemakesunpredictable,arbitrarydecisions.他做的决定难以预料,武断ill-doneorhappeningatthewrongtimee.g.anill-timedvisit【OPPwelltakingunnecessaryrisks【SYNe.g.Itwouldbefoolhardytosailinweatherlikethis.这种天气出航就是瞎weighonsb/tomakesbanxiousorworried加重…的思想负担；使焦虑不安；使担忧e.g.Somethingwasweighingonhermind.usedinparticularphrasestomeannothing'(用于某些短语)无,【SYNe.g.Alloureffortshavecometonoughthavenotbeensuccessful).我们所作的努力都已付诸东流。increasingorspreadingrapidly迅速增加(或蔓延)e.g.galloinflation急剧的通货膨rein之前学过，复下，Toreininsomethingmeanstocontrolit.控制;约e.g.Hisadministration'seconomicwouldfocusonreiningininflation.他的的经济政策将侧重于控制通货ParagraphParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofThisisahugelyimportantexnationsofMainIdeasofP13:ThisisahugelyimportantSoAmerica’scompetitiverecoveryisnotasstrongasitshouldbe,anditwillremainovershadowedbyits teforreformatthenationalAndforallthehistrionictalkofcliffs,brinksandshutdowns,thepoliticiansinWashingtonhavenotinflictedanycripplingdamageyet.ThosewholiketolecturesmuglyaboutAmerica’simpendingdeclineshouldtakeaclosernotseemingverysuccessful;likelytofail不大出色的；成问题的；可能失【SYNe.g.Businessislookingshakyatthemoment.从目前看,athingthatisusedasamodelforproducingothersimilarexamplese.g.Ifyouneedtowritealotofsimilarletters,setupatemteonyourcomputer.如果你需要写许多类似的信件,histrionicbehaviourisveryemotionalandisintendedtoattractattentioninawaythatdoesnotseemsincere矫lookingorfeelingtoopleasedaboutsthyouhavedoneorachieved【SYN】come.g.asmugexpression/s/face,etc.沾沾自喜的表情、笑容、面容(usuallyofanunpleasantevent通常指不愉快的事thatisgoingtohappenverysoon【SYN/e.g.warningsofimpendingdanger/disaster对临时 /ParagraphStructureoftheRelationsofAmerica’scompetitiverecoveryisexnationsofMainIdeasofP14:America’scompetitiverecoveryisAmerica’srecoverya'falsedawn,'saysStephenDespitesignsthattheU.S.economyisgainingtraction,StephenRoach,formerchairmanofMorganStanleyAsia,saystherecoveryappearstobea"falsedawn.""Financialmarketsandtheso-calledDavosconsensusareinbroadagreementthatsomethingclosetoaclassiccyclicalrevivalmayfinallybeathandfortheU.S.Butisit?"Roach,aseniorfellowatYaleUniversity