MBA联考答案真题及详解

【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可修改】I UseofEnglish：B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)TheInternetaffordsanonymitytoitsusers,ablessingtoprivacyandfreedomofButistheofhas acrosstheWeb.Canprivacybepreserved 2 bringingsafetyandsecuritytoaworldthatseemsincreasingly 3 ?Lastmonth,Howardnation’sa 4 tomaketheWebasaferplace-a“voluntarytrustedidentity”systemthatwouldbethehigh-tech 5 ofaphysicalkey,afingerprintandaphotoIDcard,allrolled 6 Thesystemmightuseasmartidentitycard,oradigitalcredential 7 toaspecificcomputer.andwouldauthenticateusersatarangeofonlineservices.Theideaisto 8 afederationofprivateonlineidentitysystems.Usercould 9tocouldnavigatethosesystems.TheapproachcontrastswithonethatwouldrequireanInternetdriver’slicense 10 bythegovernment.GoogleandMicrosoftareamongcompaniesthatalreadyhavethese“singlesign-on”systemsthatmakeitpossibleforusersto 11 justoncebutusemanydifferentservices.an“neighborhoods”andbright“streetlights”toestablishasenseofa 13 community.Mr.Schmidtdescribeditasa“voluntaryecosystem”inwhich“individualsandorganizationscancompleteonlinetransactionswith 14 ,trustingtheidentitiesofeachotherandtheidentitiesoftheinfrastructure 15 whichthetransactionruns”.Still,theadministration’splanhas16privacyrightsactivists.SomeapplaudareItaisantowardwhatwould17beacompulsoryInternet“drive’slicense”mentality.Theplanhasalsobeengreetedwith18bysomecomputersecurityexperts,whoworryInternet19.TheyarguethatallInternetusersshouldbe20toregisterandidentifythemselves,inthesamewaythatdriversmustbelicensedtodriveonpublicroads.1．2．3．4．5． 6．7．8．9．10．on on in invain effect return 13．14．15．16．17．18．19．20．SectionII ReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Text 1RuthSimmonsjoinedGoldmanSachs’sboardasanoutsidedirectorinJanuary2000:ayearlatershebecamepresidentofBrownUniversity.FortherestofthedecadesheButbytheendofSimmonshadlefttheboard.Thepositionwasjusttakinguptoomuchtime,shesaid.Outsidedirectorsaresupposedtoserveashelpful,yetlessbiased,advisersonafirm’stotheIfthehavingweatheredtheirowncrises.TheresearchersfromOhioUniversityusedadatabasehatcoveredmorethan10,000firmsonetotheThedepartingaboardwasage,sotheresearchersconcentratedonthose“surprise”disappearancesbydirectorsundertheageof70.Theyfountthatafterasurprisedeparture,nearly20%.Thelikelihoodofbeingnamedinafederalclass-actionlawsuitalsoincreases,andlikelyworse.aitnotareoffaButtheresearchersbelievethatoutsidedirectorshaveaneasiertimeofavoidingaaahistoryshowstheywereontheboardatthetimeanywrongdoingoccurred.Firmswhowanttokeeptheiroutsidedirectorsthroughtoughtimesmayhavetocreateincentives.OtherwiseoutsidedirectorswillfollowtheexampleofMs.Simmons,onceagainverypopularoncampus.AccordingtoParagraph1,Ms.Simmonswascriticizedfor .gainingexcessiveprofits[B]failingtofulfillherduty[C]refusingtomakecompromises[D]leavingtheboardintoughWelearnfromParagraph2thatoutsidedirectorsaresupposedtobe [A]generousinvestorsunbiasedexecutives[C]shareprice[D]independentadvisersAccordingtotheresearchersfromOhioUniversityafteranoutsidedirector’ssurprisedeparture,thefirmislikelyto .[A]becomemorestable[B]reportincreased[C]dolesswellinthestock[D]performworseinlawsuitsItcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatoutsidedirectors [A]maystayfortheattractiveoffersfromthefirm[B]haveoftenhadrecordsofwrongdoingsinthefirm[C]areaccustomedtostress-freeworkinthefirm[D]willdeclineincentivesfromthefirmTheauthor’sattitudetowardtheroleofoutsidedirectorsis [A]permissive[B]positive[C]scornful[D]criticalText 2Whateverhappenedtothedeathofnewspaper?Ayearagotheendseemednear.Thetotheandhadnottheinternet.NewspapersliketheSanFranciscoChroniclewerechroniclingtheirowndoom.America’sFederalTradecommissionlaunchedaroundoftalksabouthowtosavenewspapers.Shouldtheybecomecharitablecorporations?Shouldthestatesubsidizethem?Itwillholdanothermeetingsoon.Butthediscussionsnowseemoutofdate.Inmuchoftheworldthereisthesignofcrisis.GermanandBrazilianpapershaveshruggedofftherecession.EvenAmericannewspapers,whichinhabitthemosttroubledcomeprofitmarginsthatwereroutineafewyearsago,butprofitallthesame.Ithasnotbeenmuchfun.Manypapersstayedafloatbypushingjournalistsoverboard.TheAmericanSocietyofNewsEditorsreckonsthat13,500newsroomjobshavegonesinceReadersarepayingmoreforslimmerproducts.Somepapersevenhadthenervetorefusesadlyformanyjournalists,theycanbepushedfurther.Newspapersarebecomingmorebalancedbusinesses,withahealthiermixofrevenuesfromreadersandadvertisers.Americanpapershavelongbeenhighlyunusualintheirthefor&Intheis35%.Notsurprisingly,Japanesenewspapersaremuchmorestable.ofbeenconcentratedinareaswherenewspaperareleastdistinctive.Carandfilmreviewershavegone.Sohavescienceandgeneralbusinessreporters.Foreignbureaushavebeenaavirtueinthenewspaperbusiness.…indicatesthatnewspaper .neglectedthesignofcrisisfailedtogetstatesubsidies[C]werenotcharitable[D]wereinadesperatesituationSomenewspapersrefuseddeliverytodistantsuburbsprobablybecause [A]readersthreatenedtopayless[B]newspaperswantedtoreducecosts[C]journalistsreportedlittleabouttheseareas[D]subscriberscomplainedaboutslimmerproductsComparedwiththeirAmericancounterparts,Japanesenewspapersaremuchmorebecausethey .havemoresourcesofrevenue[B]havemorebalancednewsrooms[C]arelessdependentonadvertising[D]arelessaffectedbyreadershipWhatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphaboutthecurrentnewspaperbusiness?[A]Distinctivenessisanessentialfeatureofnewspapers.Completenessistoblameforthefailureofnewspaper.[C]Foreignbureausplayacrucialroleinthenewspaperbusiness.[D]Readershavelosttheirinterestincarandfilmreviews.Themostappropriatetitleforthistextwouldbe [A]AmericanNewspapers:StrugglingforSurvival[B]AmericanNewspapers:GonewiththeWind[C]AmericanNewspapers:AThriving[D]AmericanNewspapers:AHopelessStoryText 3WetendtothinkofthedecadesimmediatelyfollowingWorldWarIIasatimeofontheG.I.Billandliningupatthemarriagebureaus.Butwhenitcametotheirhouses,itwasatimeofcommonsenseandabeliefthatlesscouldtrulybemore.DuringtheDepressionandthewar,Americanshadlearnedtolivewithsmall,efficienthousingpositivelystylish.Economicconditionwasonlyastimulusforthetrendtowardefficientliving.Thesssytdya,etgsderRohe,wholikeotherpeopleassociatedwiththeBauhaus,aschoolofdesign,emigratedtotheUnitedStatesbeforeWorldWarIIandtookuppostsatAmericanarchitectureschools.ThesedesignerscametoexertenormousinfluenceonthecourseofAmericanarchitecture,butnonemoresothatMies.seests,y,sethatalot.Elegance,hebelieved,didnotderivefromabundance.Likeothermodernarchitects,heemployedmetal,glassandlaminatedwood-materialsthatwetakeforgrantedyytnesde.sdnempty.esnetsstnsee,example,weresmaller-two-bedroomunitsunder1,000squarefeet-thanthoseintheiroldersgesd.tyerefry,esyddeefesdthearchitecturalequivalentoftheabstractartsopopularatthetime.eddssty.neskdandthespreadingtwo-storyoneshehaddesignedinthe1890sandtheearly20thcentury.eeydmdnsy&andyetness.cteme,wsforthrightdetailing.InhisCaseStudyHouse,Ralpheverydaylife–fewAmericanfamiliesacquiredhelicopters,thoughmosteventuallygotclothesdryers–buthisbeliefthatself-sufficiencywasbothdesirableandinevitablewaswidelyshared.ThepostwarAmericanhousingstylelargelyreflectedtheAmericans’ [A]prosperityandgrowth[B]efficiencyandpracticality[C]restraintandconfidence[D]prideandfaithfulnessWhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3aboutBauhaus?[A]ItwasfoundedbyLudwigMiesvanderRohe.[B]ItsdesigningconceptwasaffectedbyWorldWarII.[C]MostAmericanarchitectsusedtobeassociatedwithit.[D]IthadagreatinfluenceuponAmericanarchitecture.Miesheldthateleganceofarchitecturaldesign [A]wasrelatedtolargespacewasidentifiedwithemptinesswasnotreliantonabundantdecoration[D]wasnotassociatedwithefficiencyWhatistrueabouttheapartmentsMiesbuildingChicago’sLakeShore[A]Theyignoreddetailsandproportions.[B]Theywerebuiltwithmaterialspopularatthattime.[C]Theyweremorespaciousthanneighboringbuildings.[D]Theysharedsomecharacteristicsofabstractart.tnentenfeey?[A]Mechanicaldeviceswerewidelyused.[B]Naturalscenesweretakenintoconsideration[C]Detailsweresacrificedfortheoveralleffect.[D]Eco-friendlymaterialswereemployed.Text 4WilltheEuropeanUnionmakeit?Thequestionwouldhavesoundedstrangenotlongago.wnestskfatgaae”ofdebt,populationdeclineandlowergrowth.e6steee.sethteo’seconomies,weakerorstronger,willonedayconvergethankstothedisciplineofsharingasinglecurrency,whichdeniesuncompetitivemembersthequickfixofdevaluation.teetwoeseymnstskeeost,ed,eneforgreaterharmonizationwithintheeurozone,butdisagreeaboutwhattoharmonies.Germanythinkstheeuromustbesavedbystricterrulesonborrowspendingandcompetitiveness,barkedbyquasi-automaticsanctionsforgovernmentsthatdonotobey.ThesemightincludethreatstofreezeEUfundsforpoorerregionsandEUmega-projectsnenfasgsnUl.teconomicco-ordinationshouldinvolveall27membersoftheEUclub,amongwhomthereisasmallmajorityforfree-marketliberalismandeconomicrigour;intheinnercoreGermanyfears,asmallmajorityfavourFrenchinterference.Apdyhsg:nnnrefe.,tsinterveninginmonetarypolicyandasystemofredistributionfromrichertopoorermembers,viacheaperborrowingforgovernmentsthroughcommonEurobondsorcompletefiscaltransfers.Finally,figuresclosetotheFrancegovernmenthavemurmured,curo-zonemembersshouldagreetosomefiscalandsocialharmonization:.,curbingcompetitionincorporate-taxratesorlabourcosts.ItistoosoontowriteofftheEU.Itremainstheworld’slargesttradingaedgesofglobalization,andmakecapitalismbenign.TheEUisfacedwithsomanyproblemsthat .ithasmoreorlesslostfaithinmarketsevenitssupportersbegintofeelconcernedsomeofitsmembercountriesplantoabandoneuroitintendstodenythepossibilityofdevaluationThedebateovertheEU’ssinglecurrencyisstuckbecausethedominantpowers .arecompetingfortheleadingpositionarebusyhandlingtheirowncrisesfailtoreachanagreementonharmonizationdisagreeonthestepstowardsdisintegrationTosolvetheeuroproblem,Germanyproposedthat .EUfundsforpoorregionsbeincreasedstricterregulationsbeimposedonlycoremembersbeinvolvedineconomicco-ordinationvotingrightsoftheEUmembersbeguaranteedTheFrenchproposalofhandlingthecrisisimpliesthat .［A］poorcountriesaremorelikelytogetfunds［B］strictmonetarypolicywillbeappliedtopoorcountries［C］loanswillbereadilyavailabletorichcountriesDhslylRegardingthefutureoftheEU,theauthorseemstofeel .ABCD????????PartBDirections:(75)InchoosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-GtofitintoeachofthenumbereddoinofonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)haedtshs,hsecoachingschemerunbytheFootballAssociation.Fast-foodchainsshouldalsostopghs,esdeetoyoungcustomers,Stephensonsaid.ofoffnettettdsnr,dtsn,ttnsep”elodsoetedlhospitals-areaswithinwhichtakeawayscannotopen.Atfhn:edoeawnpublichealthwhereallofsocietyworkstogethertogethealthyandlivelonger.Thissgawyh,tnagtywele”Thefoodindustrywillbealarmedthatsuchseniordoctorsbacksuchradicalsmokingoverthelastdecade.tdedfast-foodproducerssuchasMcDonald’s.Lansleyheldthat [B]thegovernmentshouldbanfast-foodoutletsintheneighborhoodofschools.StephensonagreedthatsneyimproveschoollunchesinEngland.Oliverseemedtobelievethatcigarette-stylewarningsshouldbeapoordiet.Bhugrasuggestedthat [E]theproducersofcrispsandcandiescouldcontributesignificantlytotheChange4Lifecampaign.DepartmentofHealthSpokespersonpropsedparentsshouldsetgoodexamplesfortheirchildrenbykeepingahea