糟糕的睡眠会影响你的心理健康等2则外刊阅读训练-高三英语二轮复习

外刊精读精练糟糕的睡眠会影响你的心理健康导读：我们每个人每天都需要足够的睡眠来保持和恢复体力。睡眠不足所带来的负面影响有哪些？一项研究发现缺觉不仅会影响我们的身体健康而且还会给我们的心理健康造成危害。本次讨论不良睡眠对人的影响。一、语篇泛读Howmuchsleepdoyouneed?Doyoufindthatifyoudon'tgetenough

shut-eye

and

wakeup

feeling

dopey,youspendtherestofthedayinabadmood?Icertainlyneedmyeighthoursanightandthat'simportantaccordingtoresearch,becausebadsleepisn'tgoodforourhealth.Weallneedagoodnight'srestto

rechargeourbatteries,

butaccordingtotheSleepCouncilintheUK,theaverageBritongetssix-and-a-halfhourssleepanight,whichformostpeopleisnotenough.It'stemptingtocutbackonthesleepweget,afterallthereareplentyofothermorefunorusefulthingstobedoing.Sometimesthepressureofworkoralongcommutemeansthatour

headhitsthepillow

muchlaterthanitshould.Butlotsofstudieshaveshownthat

cuttingback

onsleep,deliberatelyorotherwise,canhaveaseriousimpactonourbodies.Studieshaveprovedthat

sleepdeprivation

hasanegativeeffectonourbodiesbutitcanalsohaveaneffectonour

mentalhealth.ABBCprogrammecalledTrustMe,I'maDoctorrananexperimentwiththeUniversityofOxfordandwassurprisedtodiscoverhowquicklythemoodofthepeopletheyweretestingchangedwhentheirsleepwasrestrictedtofourhoursanightforjustthreenights.Doctoralstudent,SarahReeve,whorantheexperiment,said:"Therewereincreasesin

anxiety,depressionandstress,alsoincreasesin

paranoia

andfeelingsofmistrustaboutotherpeople".Thisandotherresearchintothementalhealthofstudents,hasfoundthatthe

lackofsleep

increasesour

negativeemotions.IknowthatwhenI'msleepdeprived,itishardertofeelpositiveaboutthingsoreven

thinkstraight!DanielFreeman,professorofclinicalpsychologyatOxfordUniversity,agreesthat

insomnia

isbadforourbrain.Hesays:"Wehavemorenegativethoughtswhenwe'resleep-deprivedandwegetstuckinthem".Badsleepdoesn'tautomaticallymeanyou'llgetmentalhealthissuesbutotherstudieshaveshownthatdeprivingpeopleofenoughsleepforonlyafewnightsinarowcanbeenoughtoputhealthyadultsintoa

pre-diabeticstate.Sowithallthisevidencemaybeweshouldconcentrateonsleepingwell.Thismeansgoingtobedatasensibletimeandcreatingtherightenvironmentinthebedroomtorelaxandsleepin.There'salsothemoderndistractionofusingsmartphonesandtabletsatbedtime,temptingustostayawake.Thebluelightemittedbyelectronicdevicesmakesusfeelless

sleepy.Andusingthem

stimulates

ourbrainwhenitshouldbe

windingdown.Whathelpsyougetagoodnight'ssleep?二、词汇表shut-eye

闭眼，睡眠

wakeup

醒来

dopey

嗜睡的，迷迷糊糊的

rechargeourbatteries

恢复我们的体力

headhitsthepillow

头挨枕头，睡觉

cutback

减少

sleepdeprivation睡眠不足

mentalhealth心理健康

anxiety焦虑（症）

paranoia

多疑，妄想症

lackofsleep

缺觉

negativeemotions负面情绪

thinkstraight

清楚地思考，思路清晰

insomnia

失眠（症）

pre-diabeticstate

糖尿病前期状态

sleepy

困的，瞌睡的

stimulate

刺激

winddown

平静下来，放松三、测试与练习阅读课文并回答问题。1.Trueorfalse?

SixandahalfhoursisnotenoughsleepformostpeopleintheUK.2.Howmanyhours'sleepdidstudentshaveintheexperimentcarriedoutbytheUniversityofOxford?3.Accordingtoresearch,whathappenstoourmoodwhenwehavelesssleep?4.Whichwordusedinthearticlemeans'aneffectoraninfluence'?5.Whatisitaboutusingsmartphonesandtabletsatbedtimethatstopsusgettingtosleep?请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。1.Shestartedfeeling______andwasconvincedherbosswasgoingtofireher.dopey

paranoid

insomnia

stimulating2.Hesuffersfromdepression,buthecan'tdiscusshis______withhisemployer.mentallyhealth

mentality

mentalhealth

shut-eye3.Afterworkingallnight,Iwasunableto______atthemeetingthenextmorning.cutback

stimulate

thinkstraight

rechargemybatteries4.Seansuffersfrom______becausehedrinkstoomuchcoffeebeforebedtime.insomnia

acold

shut-eye

dopey5.Aglassofwinereallyhelpsme______afterabusydayatwork.windup

winding

stimulate

winddown【参考答案】阅读课文并回答问题。1.Trueorfalse?

SixandahalfhoursisnotenoughsleepformostpeopleintheUK.

True.AccordingtotheUK'sSleepCouncil,theaverageBritongetssix-and-a-halfhour'ssleepanight,whichformostpeopleisnotenough.2.Howmanyhours'sleepdidstudentshaveintheexperimentcarriedoutbytheUniversityofOxford?

Theirsleepwasrestrictedtofourhoursanightforjustthreenights.3.Accordingtoresearch,whathappenstoourmoodwhenwehavelesssleep?

Lackofsleepincreasesournegativeemotionsandwehavemorenegativethoughts.4.Whichwordusedinthearticlemeans'aneffectoraninfluence'?

Impact.5.Whatisitaboutusingsmartphonesandtabletsatbedtimethatstopsusgettingtosleep?

Theyemitbluelightandusingthemstimulatesourbrain.

请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。1.Shestartedfeeling

paranoid

andwasconvincedherbosswasgoingtofireher.2.Hesuffersfromdepression,buthecan'tdiscusshis

mentalhealth

withhisemployer.3.Afterworkingallnight,Iwasunableto

thinkstraight

atthemeetingthenextmorning.4.Seansuffersfrom

insomnia

becausehedrinkstoomuchcoffeebeforebedtime.5.Aglassofwinereallyhelpsme

winddown

afterabusydayatwork.我们离半机械人时代又近了一步导读：多年来，科幻小说一直在不断地为我们描绘各种体能超强的半机械人类生活在未来的场景。随着生物科技的迅速发展，半机械人类的时代离我们又近了一步。最新的一项生物科技突破是否证明集成技术的发展前景无限光明？本集《外刊精读》带你走进生物科技。一、语篇泛读Vocabulary:biotechnology词汇:生物技术Iamamassivesciencefiction

geek.EversinceIwasyoung,I’vebeencaptivatedbytalesof

interstellar

adventure,aliens,robots,and

cutting-edge

technology.Ialwayslovedtheconceptof

cyborgs.That’sahuman-robot

hybrid.Theyareordinaryhumanswhohavebeen

enhanced

insomewaybytechnology;moreintelligence,fasterspeedorbetterresiliencetodiseaseanddamage.Greatideas,butIneverthoughtI’dseetheminmylifetime.

Well,Istandcorrected.

Integrated

biologyandtechnologyisalreadyhereandpeoplehavewastednotimeutilisingitto

re-engineer

theirbodies.Take,forexample,NeilHarbisson,whohasan

antennaprotruding

fromhisheadthatallowshimtohearcolour,orMoonRibas,whohasan

implant

thatallowshertosense

seismic

activity.Now,neitherareabilitiesthatIparticularly

covet,butit'sastart.Anditdoesn’tendthere.Astechnologyincreasessotoowillourabilitytoenhanceourselvesthroughit.Oneofthelatestdevelopmentsisthe

graphene

tattoo.Notanactualtattooatall,butmorelikea

patch,thegraphenetattoocouldrevolutionisebiomedicalmonitoring.Itlooksmuchlikea

transparent

plaster,butwithagoldcoloured

circuit

board

containedwithinit.Thiscircuitisthegraphene.Grapheneisaformof

carbon,butit’s200timesstrongerthansteeland

conducts

electricitybetterthangold,whichisthe

component

typicallyusedinelectronics.Thehumanbodyisbasicallyanelectricalmachine.Whenincontactwiththeskin,thegrapheneintheplasterisabletoreadandconducttheelectricity–allowingittoeasilybeusedasamedicalmonitorforheart-rateandpulse,amongotherthings.Andevenmore,graphenetattooscanbeusedas

bioelectronic

controllers,asdemonstratedbyoneengineerwhoattachedthemtohiseyelidsinordertodirectwhichwayadroneflew,justbylookingwithhiseyes!Iknowthatbiotechnologyisalongwayfromallowinghumanstobeabletoliftacarorrunhalf-wayaroundtheworldinasingleday,likeIwantedtobeabletodowhenIwasachild.But,it’simprovingallthetimeandoncethepriceofgraphenefalls,whoknowswhatelsewe’llbeabletodo?I’llseeyouinthefuture!二、词汇表geek呆子，极客

interstellar星际的

cutting-edge前沿的

cyborg半机械人

hybrid混合体

enhanced强化的，增强的

integrated合成一体的

re-engineer重建，重新组合

antenna触角

protrude伸出

implant植入

seismic地震的，造成严重破坏的

covet渴望，贪求

graphene石墨烯

patch贴布，贴片

transparent透明的

circuitboard电路版

carbon碳

conduct传导（电）

component零部件，组成部分

bioelectronic生物电子的三、测试与练习阅读课文并回答问题。1.Accordingtothearticle,whatisacyborg?2.Whichenhancementsdothetwocyborgsmentionedinthearticlehave?3.Whyisgraphenesuchausefulmaterial?4.Apartfrombiomedicalapplications,whatotherusecangraphenehave?5.Trueorfalse:

Thehumanbodyisexactlythesameasabattery.请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。1.AskJohnanythingyouwantaboutmusicinthe1960s.Whenitcomestothatstuff,he’ssucha______.cyborg

geek

hybrid

integrated2.Don’thaveanyelectronicsinthebathroom.Water

______electricityandyoucouldgethurt.re-engineers

implats

transparent

conducts3.Ilovetheirlatestalbum.They’realwaysatthe

______ofwhatanyoneisdoinginthemusicindustry.cutting-edge

implant

patch

biotechnology4.Onedaytechnologywilladvancesofarthat

______travelwillbeadailyoccurrence.We’llbeabletogotoothersolarsystems!cutting-edge

cyborg

integrated

interstellar5.Thisspeciesoftomatoisactuallya

______oftheAmericanandEuropeanvarieties.cyborg

hybrid

seismic

patch【参考答案】阅读课文并回答问题。

1.Accordingtothearticle,whatisacyborg?

Acyborgisahuman-robothybrid.Theyareordinaryhumanswhohavebeenenhancedinsomewaybytechnology.

2.Whichenhancementsdothetwocyborgsmentionedinthearticlehave?

Onehasanantennaprotrudingfromhisheadwhichallowshimtohearco