供配电10kv变配电所设计中英文翻译

SubstationDesignPowersystemisthesystemofproductionandconsumptionofelectricitygeneration,transmission,transformation,distributionandelectricityandotheraspectsofthecomposition.Itsprimaryfunctionistheenergyconversionmeansthroughnaturalgenerationpowerintoelectricalenergy,andthenbytransmissionanddistributionsubstationandsuppliespowertoeachuser.Themainstructureofthepowersystemhaspower(hydropower,thermalpowerplants,nuclearpowerplants,etc.),substations(boostsubstation,loadcentersubstation,etc.),transmissionanddistributionlinesandloadcenters.Eachpowerpointisalsointerconnectedtoachieveenergyexchangebetweendifferentregionsandregulationtoimprovesecurityofsupplyandeconomy.Substationtransmissionlinenetworkconsistingoftheelectricitynetworkandisusuallycalled.Substationisfromthemainterminal,themaintransformers,highandlowvoltagepowerdistributionequipment,relayprotectionandcontrolsystems,thepowerandDCsystems,remoteandcommunicationsystems,thenecessaryreactivepowercompensationdeviceandthemaincontrolroomandothercomponents.Amongthem,themainterminal,themaintransformers,highandlowvoltagepowerdistributionequipment,suchasbelongingtoasystem;protectionandcontrolsystems,theDCsystem,remoteandcommunicationsystemsaresecondarysystem.Mainconnectionisthemostimportantpartofthesubstation.Itdeterminesthefunctionofthesubstation,construction,investment,operationquality,maintenanceconditionsandsupplyreliability.Generallydividedintoseveralbasicformssinglebusbar,doublebusbar,ahalfbreakerandringwiringandsoon.Substationmaintransformeristhemostimportantequipment,whichdirectlyaffectstheperformanceandconfigurationoftheadvancednatureofthesubstation,economyandreliability.Generalneedtoinstallsubstationmaintransformer2to3sets;330kVandbelow,themaintransformerisusuallyathree-phasetransformer,itscapacityby5to10yearsintotheexpectedloadselection.Inaddition,substationsandotherequipmentselectionandtheoveralllayoutofthesiteselectionalsohavespecificrequirements.Substationrelayprotectionsubsystem(includingtransmissionlinesandbusprotection)andcomponentprotection(includingtransformers,reactorsandreactivepowercompensationdeviceprotection)categories.Substationcontrolmodeisgenerallydividedintothedirectcontrolandoptionalcontroltwocategories.Transformersubstationisthemainequipmentisdividedintotwo-windingtransformer,three-windingtransformersandautotransformersthathighandlowvoltagewindingsforeachphaseofashared,takingaheaderfromthemiddleofthehighvoltagewindingqualifyasalow-voltagewindingofthetransformer.Voltageisproportionaltothelevelofthewindingturns,thecurrentisinverselyproportionaltothenumberofturns.Transformerscanbeclassifiedaccordingtotheirroleandstep-downtransformerstep-uptransformer.Theformerisusedtosendendsubstationpowersystem,whichisusedbytheendofthesubstation.Voltagetransformerandvoltageofthepowersystemneedstoadapt.Inordertomaintainacceptablevoltageunderdifferentloadconditionsmayneedtoswitchthetransformertap.Bywayoftransformertapswitchwithload-loadandno-loadregulatingtransformerno-loadtapchanger.OLTCismainlyusedbytheendofIhesubstation.Voltageandcurrenttransformers.Theiroperatingprincipleissimilartothetransformer,whichtheoperatingvoltageofhighvoltageequipmentandbusbar,highcurrentthatthedeviceandthebusloadorshort-circuitcurrentmeasurementinstrumentsaccordingtoapredeterminedratiobecomeslowvoltagerelayprotectionandcontrolequipmentandasmallcurrent.Operationatratedvoltagetransformersecondaryvoltage100V,cunenttransformersecondarycurrentis5Aor1A.Currenttransformersecondarywindingisoftenconnectedwiththeloadclosetoashortcircuit,pleasenote:neverletitopen,otherwiseitwillendangerduetohighvoltageequipmentandpersonalsafetyortothecurrenttransformerburned.Switchgearincludescircuitbreakers,isolatingswitches,loadswitches,highvoltagefusesaredisconnectedandclosethecircuitdevices.Breakersaregenerallycomposedofacontactsystem,arcsystem,operationmechanism,release,housingandsoon.Theroleofthecircuitbreakeristurnedoffandtheloadcircuit,andcutoffthefaultcircuittopreventtheaccidentandensuresafeoperation.Thehigh-voltagecircuitbreakerstobreaking1500V,current1500-2000Aarc,whichcanbestretchedto2marccontinuestoburnisnotextinguished.Itisahighvoltagecircuitbreakerinterruptermustbeaddressed.Blowingarcextinctionofthearcprincipleisdiminishedheatfreecooling,ontheotherhandbyblowingarcelongatedarcreinforcedcompositeanddiffusionofchargedparticles,whilethearcgapofchargedparticlesdispersequicklyrestorethedielectricstrengthofthemedium.Isolationswitch(knife)primaryroleistoisolatethevoltageatthedeviceorlinemaintenance,toensuresafely.Itdoesnotdisconnecttheloadcurrentandshort-circuitcurrent,shouldbeusedinconjunctionwiththecircuitbreaker.Afterapoweroutageshouldpullisolationswitchbeforepullingcircuitbreakers,powertransmissionshouldbefitafterisolationswitchisclosedcircuitbreaker.Ifmisusewillcauseequipmentdamageandpersonalinjury.Theabilitytobeabletodisconnecttheloadswitchwithoutdisconnectingtheloadcurrentfaultcurrentinnormaloperation,generallyusedforhigh-voltagetransformerfusewithorwithoutoutletvoltagelOkVandaboveregularoperations.Inordertoreducetheareasubstationpositivedevelopmentinrecentyears,sulfurhexafluorideenclosedSwitchgear(GIS).Itisthecircuitbreakers,disconnectors,busbar,groundingswitches,transformers,bushingorcableterminalswereinstalledintheirprimeinconcentratedformasealbetweentheoverallenclosurefilledwithsulfurhexafluoridegasasinsulatingmedium.Thiscombinationhasacompactstructure,smallappliancesandlightweightwithoutaffectingatmosphericconditions,longmaintenanceintervals,noelectricshockandelectricalnoise,etc.,havebeenputintooperationbeforethedevelopmentof765kVsubstation.Currently,itsdisadvantageisexpensive,requirehighmanufacturingandmaintenanceprocesses.Readyforoperationmanagementofsubstationistoachievesafe,reliable,reasonableandanimportantguaranteeofeconomicpower.Sosubstationdesignmustmeettherequirements,sobasedonevidence.变电站设计电力系统是由发电、输电、变电、配电和用电等环节组成的电能生产与消费系统。它的功能是将自然界的一次能源通过发电动力装置转化成电能，再经输电、变电和配电将电能供应到各用户。电力系统的主体结构有电源（水电站、火电厂、核电站等发电厂），变电所（升压变电所、负荷中心变电所等），输电、配电线路和负荷中心。各电源点还互相联接以实现不同地区之间的电能交换和调节，从而提高供电的安全性和经济性。输电线路与变电所构成的网络通常称电力网络。变电所由主接线，主变压器，高、低压配电装置，继电保护和控制系统，所用电和直流系统，远动和通信系统，必要的无功功率补偿装置和主控制室等组成。其中，主接线、主变压器、高低压配电装置等属于一次系统；继电保护和控制系统、直流系统、远动和通信系统等属二次系统。主接线是变电所的最重要组成部分。它决定着变电所的功能、建设投资、运行质量、维护条件和供电可靠性。一般分为单母线、双母线、一个半断路器接线和环形接线等几种基本形式。主变压器是变电所最重要的设备，它的性能与配置直接影响到变电所的先进性、经济性和可靠性。一般变电所需装2〜3台主变压器；330千伏及以下时，主变压器通常采用三相变压器，其容量按投入5〜10年的预期负荷选择。此外，对变电所其他设备选择和所址选择以及总体布置也都有具体要求。变电所继电保护分系统保护（包括输电线路和母线保护）和元件保护（包括变压器、电抗器及无功补偿装置保护）两类。变压器是变电站的主要设备，分为双绕组变压器、三绕组变压器和自耦变压器即高、低压每相共用一个绕组，从高压绕组中间抽出一个头作为低压绕组的出线的变压器。电压高低与绕组匝数成正比，电流则与绕组匝数成反比。变压器按其作用可分为升压变压器和降压变压器。前者用于电力系统送端变电站，后者用于受端变电站。变压器的电压需与电力系统的电压相适应。为了在不同负荷情况下保持合格的电压有时需要切换变压器的分接头。按分接头切换方式变压器有带负荷有载调压变压器和无负荷无载调压变压器。有载调压变压器主要用于受端变电站。电压互感器和电流互感器。它们的工作原理和变压器相似，它们把高电压设备和母线的运行电压、大电流即设备和母线的负荷或短路电流按规定比例变成测量仪表、继电保护及控制设备的低电压和小电流。在额定运行情况下电压互感器二次电压为100V,电流互感器二次电流为5A或1A。电流互感器的二次绕组经常与负荷相连近于短路，请注意：绝不能让其开路，否则将因高电压而危及设备和人身安全或使电流互感器烧