2023年考研《英语二》真题及答案

第页共页2023年考研《英语二》真题及答案2023年考研《英语二》真题及答案2023年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Peoplehavespeculatedforcenturiesaboutafuturewithoutwork.Todayisnodifferent,withacademics,writers,andactivistsonceagain1thattechnologybereplacinghumanworkers.Someimaginethattheingwork-freeworldwillbedefinedby2.Afewwealthypeoplewillownallthecapital,andthemasseswillstruggleinanimpoverishedwasteland.Adifferentandnotmutuallyexclusive3holdsthatthefuturewillbeawastelandofadifferentsort,one4bypurposelessness:Withoutjobstogivetheirlives5,peoplewillsimplybeelazyanddepressed.6,today’sunemployeddon’tseemtobehavingagreattime.OneGalluppollfoundthat20percentofAmericanswhohavebeenunemployedforatleastayearreporthavingdepression,doubletheratefor7Americans.Also,someresearchsuggeststhatthe8forrisingratesofmortality,mental-healthproblems,andaddicting9poorly-educatedmiddle-agedpeopleisshortageofwell-paidjobs.Perhapsthisiswhymany10theagonizingdullnessofajoblessfuture.Thesedays,becauseleisuretimeisrelatively16formostworkers,peopleusetheirfreetimetocounterbalancetheintellectualandemotional17oftheirjobs.“WhenIehomefromahardday’swork,Ioftenfeel18,”Danahersays,adding,“InaworldinwhichIdon’thavetowork,Imightfeelratherdifferent”—perhapsdifferentenoughtothrowhimself19ahobbyorapassionprojectwiththeintensityusuallyreservedfor20matters.1.[A]boasting[B]denying[C]warning[D]ensuring【答案】[C]warning2.[A]inequality[B]instability[C]unreliability[D]uncertainty【答案】[A]inequality3.[A]policy[B]guideline[C]resolution[D]prediction【答案】[D]prediction4.[A]characterized[B]divided[C]balanced[D]measured【答案】[A]characterized5.[A]wisdom[B]meaning[C]glory[D]freedom【答案】[B]meaning6.[A]Instead[B]Indeed[C]Thus[D]Nevertheless【答案】[B]Indeed7.[A]rich[B]urban[C]working[D]educated【答案】[C]working8.[A]explanation[B]requirement[C]pensation[D]substitute【答案】[A]explanation9.[A]under[B]beyond[C]alongside[D]among【答案】[D]among10.[A]leavebehind[B]makeup[C]worryabout[D]setaside【答案】[C]worryabout11.[A]statistically[B]occasionally[C]necessarily[D]economically【答案】[C]necessarily12.[A]chances[B]downsides[C]benefits[D]principles【答案】[B]downsides13.[A]absence[B]height[C]face[D]course【答案】[A]absence14.[A]disturb[B]restore[C]exclude[D]yield【答案】[D]yield15.[A]model[B]practice[C]virtue[D]hardship【答案】[C]virtue16.[A]tricky[B]lengthy[C]mysterious[D]scarce【答案】[D]scarce17.[A]demands[B]standards[C]qualities[D]threats【答案】[A]demands18.[A]ignored[B]tired[C]confused[D]starved【答案】[B]tired19.[A]off[B]against[C]behind[D]into【答案】[D]into20.[A]technological[B]professional[C]educational[D]interpersonal【答案】[B]professionalSectionIIReadingprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1ParkrunissucceedingwhereLondon’sOlympic“legacy”isfailing.TenyearsagoonMonday,itwasannouncedthattheGamesofthe30thOlympiadwouldbeinLondon.PlanningdocumentspledgedthatthegreatlegacyoftheGameswouldbetolevelanationofsportloversawayfromtheircouches.Thepopulationwouldbefitter,healthierandproducemorewinners.Ithasnothappened.Thenumberofadultsdoingweeklysportdidrise,bynearly2millionintherun—upto2023—butthegeneralpopulationwasgrowingfaster.Worse,thenumbersarenowfallingatanacceleratingrate.Theoppositionclaimsprimaryschoolpupilsdoingatleasttwohoursofsportaweekhavenearlyhalved.Obesityhasrisenamongadultsandchildren.OfficialretrospectionscontinueastowhyLondon2023failedto“inspireageneration.”ThesuccessofParkrunoffersanswers.Parkunisnotaracebutatimetrial:Youronlypetitoristheclock.Theethoswelesanybody.Thereisasmuchjoyoverapuffed-outfirst-timerbeingclappedoverthelineasthereisabouttoptalentshining.TheOlympicbidders,bycontrast,wantedtogetmorepeopledoingsportsandtoproducemoreeliteathletes.Thedualaimwasmixedup:Thestressonsuccessovertakingpartwasintimidatingfornewers.Indeed,thereissomethingalittleabsurdinthestategettinginvolvedintheplanningofsuchafundamentally“grassroots”,conceptasmunitysportsassociations.Ifthereisaroleforgover____ent,itshouldreallybegettinginvolvedinprovidingmongoods—makingsurethereisspaceforplayingfieldsandthemoneytopavetennisandballcourts,andencouragingtheprovisionofalltheseactivitiesinschools.Butsuccessivegover____entshavepresidedoversellinggreenspaces,squeezingmoneyfromlocalauthoritiesanddecliningattentiononsportineducation.Insteadofwordy,worthystrategies,futuregover____entsneedtodomoretoprovidetheconditionsforsporttothrive.Oratleastnotmakethemworse.21.AccordingtoParagraph1,Parkrunhas.[A]gainedgreatpopularity[B]createdmanyjobs[C]strengthenedmunityties[D]beeanofficialfestival【答案】[A]gainedgreatpopularity22.TheauthorbelievesthatLondon’sOlympic“legacy”hasfailedto.[A]boostpopulationgrowth[B]promotesportparticipation[C]improvethecity’simage[D]increasesporthoursinschools【答案】[B]promotesportparticipation23.ParkrunisdifferentfromOlympicgamesinthatit.[A]aimsatdiscoveringtalents[B]focusesonmasspetition[C]doesnotemphasizeelitism[D]doesnotattractfirst-timers【答案】[C]doesnotemphasizeelitism24.Withregardtomasssport,theauthorholdsthatgover____entsshould.[A]organize“grassroots”sportsevents[B]superviselocalsportsassociations[C]increasefundsforsportsclubs[D]investinpublicsportsfacilities【答案】[D]investinpublicsportsfacilities25.Theauthor’sattitudetowhatUKgover____entshavedoneforsportsis.[A]tolerant[B]critical[C]uncertain[D]sympathetic【答案】[B]criticalText2Withsomuchfocusonchildren’suseofscreens,it’seasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscreenuse.“Techisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin,”saysJennyRadeskyinherstudyofdigitalplay,“anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagement.Itmakesithardtodisengage,andleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine.”Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseofmobilephonesandtabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-childpairsafood-testingexercise.Shefoundthatmotherswhosueddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeirchildren.Duringaseparateobservation,shesawthatphonesbecameasourceoftensioninthefamily.Parentswouldbelookingattheiremailswhilethechildrenwouldbemakingexcitedbidsfortheirattention.Infantsarewiredtolookatparents’facestotrytounderstandtheirworld,andifthosefacesareblankandunresponsive—astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice—itcanbeextremelydisconcertingfoethechildren.Radeskycitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”devisedbydevelopmentalpsychologistEdTronickinthe1970s.Init,amotherisaskedtointeractwithherchildinanormalwaybeforeputtingonablankexpressionandnotgivingthemanyvisualsocialfeedback;Thechildbeesincreasinglydistressedasshetriestocapturehermother’sattention.“Parentsdon’thavetobeexquisitelyparentsatalltimes,butthereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild’sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed,”saysRadesky.26.AccordingtoJennyRadesky,digitalproductsaredesignedto______.[A]simplifyroutinematters[B]absorbuserattention[C]betterinterpersonalrelations[D]increaseworkefficiency【答案】[B]absorbuserattention27.Radesky’sfood-testingexerciseshowsthatmothers’useofdevices______.[A]takesawaybabies’appetite[B]distractschildren’sattention[C]slowsdownbabies’verbaldevelopment[D]reducesmother-childmunication【答案】[D]reducesmother-childmunicati