2023届高考英语短文改错解题技巧讲义

高考英语---短文改错【一、考点分析】短文改错共10个题，每个题1分，共10分。短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性英语试题，目的在于考察学生对语言的评价及校正的能力以及对词汇、语法和语篇三要素的把握能力。考察难度：一般来说，短文的内容比较简单，结构也不复杂，但测试点覆盖面广，设计的问题往往是考生容易忽视或在写作中经常出错的地方。2.文章材料：近几年来，短文改错的材料贴近学生的实际生活，谈论的都是和学生的学习和生活有关的话题。材料中没有生僻、超纲的词汇。词数在100-120左右，以记叙文为主。设题角度从语法、句法、行文逻辑三个角度考察学生综合运用知识的准确性。【二、知识框架】&解题思路:首先要通读全文，确定好文章的时态。然后逐句找错，仔细推敲。注意先易后难，先把确定的错误找出来。口诀“冠名行动附带连接数”这8个方面进行改错。重读全文，仔细推敲改正后的短文。读起来是否通顺，逻辑思维与短文脉络是否合理，词汇的用法、句子结构是否合理。&格局修改：共8处增加：仅1处删除：仅1处&注意每句错误最多2处不改标点，不改语序，不改大小写，不改拼写。只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不算分&分析角度词法内容。包括冠词、名词、代词的数与格，反身代词，动词时态语态，非谓语动词、短语动词的用法，不规则动词的变化形式，形容词的比较级，形容词与副词的区别，介词的误用等。2.句法内容。包括主谓一致。并列连词，从属连词等引导各种从句的关联词语，感叹句，疑问句，祈使句的结构，强调结构句等。3.行文逻辑，因果、转折、并列，还包括句子的肯定、否定。【三、典例分析跟踪练习】短文改错是有一定规律可循的，纵观近几年的高考试题以及我们平常做的模拟试题，可以发现短文改错主要有以下十种错误：形容词与副词常见的错误类型有：形容词与副词误用，如exciting与excited，hard与hardly，possible与possibly等比较级最高级的误用以-ing和-ed结尾的形容词误用真题演练：1.Ibecameinterestinginplayingfootballthankstoasmallaccident.2.First,Iwantedtobeafireman,whoseuniformlookedsocoolly.3.Ifelthappilythattheirlifehadimproved.4.Afewminuteslate,theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar.5.Beside,theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationsfromtheInternet.6.Ienjoyedstudyingdifferencekindsofcarsandplanes,playingpopmusic,andcollectingthelatemusicalbums.7.Instead,hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady.8.Itdoesnotcostmany,yetwecanstilllearnalot.9.IamveryexcitingbecauseIgetanewT-shirt.10.I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.11.Unfortunate,therearetoomanypeopleinmyfamily.名词单复数；1：该用复数用了单数2：不可数名词加s名词做定语：thebeautifulgirlthebabygirl名词+s=意思改变works作品goods商品news新闻可数名词的单复数形式出错——注意修饰词，如many，all，some，several，many，various，different，afew，few,oneof，等需要用复数形式。1.Happybirthday,Peter,andmanyhappyreturnoftheday!2.Thefoodwaswonderfulwithreasonableprices,andweenjoyedseverallocaldish.3.Unfortunately,Ihadanaccidentandhitanothercar,andIneededtostayinahospitalforatleasttwoweek.4.Butoneandahalfyearlater,InowthinkEnglishfuntolearn.5.Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess,butitdidn’tmatterthatIwouldwinornot.6.Westudyquiteafewsubject,suchasmaths,Chinese,Englishandphysics.7.Mybrotherwassomuchfondofthemuseumstherethathebeggedmyparentstostayinganothercoupleofday.8.Aseveryoneknows.it’sfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimal.9.WepractiseforthreetimeseveryweekandoftenwatchfootballmatchonTVtogether.10.Theirwordwereagreatencouragementtome.11.Hewastall,withbroadshoulderandabeardthatturnedfromblacktowardgrayovertheyears.12.WhenteagotpopularinBritain,therewasacryingneedforgoodcupwithhandlestosuitBritishhabits．13.I’dliketostayingthereforhalfamonth,visitingplaceofinterestorpracticingmyEnglishaswell.不可数名词使用了复数形式，或前面用了a/an。常见不可数名词：news，information，work,advice,progress,weather,fun,luck,music,health，change，baggage，luggage，equipment,furniture,jewellery,knowledge等。1.Heagreedtoreadingmystoryandgivemesome

advicesonhowtowritelikearealwriter.2.Withlotsofinformations,wecanlearneverythingifwewant.a/an+可数名词复数......（×）固定搭配出错1.Third,sinceIwasfamiliarwithBeijing,Icanhelpvisitorsfindtheirwaysinthecity.2.Hehadnoideasthatthekitchenwasnotforguests.3.Everyoneofuscanmakeagreateffortstocutofftheuseofenergyinourcountry.名词所有格1.Jamesusedtobeafriendofme.2.Heisafriendofmymother.3.Aftertenhour’srest,hewentonworking.词性混用1.Also,thesportteachesustheimportantofobedience.2.Thismadeforthegrowintheporcelainindustry．3.Otherwayistowatchoureverydayuseofwaterandelectricathome.连词常见的错误类型有：并列连词误用，如and/or/but误用，though与but连用等从属连词误用，如定语从句中which，that，when，where等混淆不清缺少或多余连词真题演练：OneafternoonwhereIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.2.Suddenlyafootballfelljustinfrontofmebutalmosthitme.3.Attheendofourtrip,ItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturnforeverytwoyears,butheagreed.4.Ihavegrownnotonlyphysically,andalsomentallyinthepastfewyears.5.Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen.代词代词的主格和宾格（I/me，he/him，she/her，we/us，they/them）错误；反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）使用错误;代词的单数和复数使用错误；代词指代错误；多代词或少代词。如you与your，it's与its，it与them或者they，one与ones，宾格（如me）与反身代词（myself），other与another等的误用。定语从句中关系代词关系副词误用不定代词误用Inthecafe,customerswillenjoyyourselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentthatiscreatedforthem.2.Mr.andMrs.Zhangallworkinourschool.3.Thispictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofyourhighschooldays.介词常见的错误类型有：介词误用，如in与on，to与for，instead与insteadof，because与becauseof等介词缺少或多余真题演练：1.ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenstopjustinthemiddleontheroad.2.Theyhavealsoboughtforsomegardeningtools.3.Irealizeofhowfasttimeflies.4.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichinashortperiodoftime.冠词常见的错误类型有：a、an和the的误用真题演练：Eachofmycafeswillhaveadifferentthemeandanuniquestyle.2.Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwenttocountrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.3.Theylivefarfromtheschool,andittakesthemaboutahourandahalftogotoworkeveryday.4.Aroundmeinpicturearethethingswhichwereveryimportantinmylifeat

thattime:carmagazinesandmusicalinstruments.5.ThereislibraryineverytowninBritain.6.HaveyoureadbooksbyMarkTwain?7.Heoftenplaysthefootball.8.Inafact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesaway.9.Asresult,theplantsaregrowingeverywhere.数词常见的错误类型有：基数词和序数词误用Then,whenIwasinthefivegrade,Iwantedtobeateacher.2.Inthesummerholidayfollowingmyeighteenbirthday,…动词动词时态1.

My

sister

saw

a

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other

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2.At

that

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poor

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chemistry.

3.I

just

come

back

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week.4.I

am

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who

like

communicating

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others.

5.However,

if

we

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there

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progress.6.Nowmypictureandprizeishanginginthelibrary.7.ShestoppedtolookoutofthewindowandfindTomcomingup.8.

When

I

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I

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difficulties.9.Ifitwon'train,wewillgotovisitthezoo.10.Thenewsecretarywillsupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshearrives.11.WhenIwasatcollegeIspokenthreeforeignlanguages,butIhadforgottenallexceptafewwordsofeach.12.Thepolicefoundthatthehousehasbeenbrokenintoandalotofthingsstolen.13.Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifitrain.14.Maryismakingadresswhenshecutherfinger.15.ThisisthefirsttimethatIhadbeenhere.16.Youcanjointheclubwhenyouwillgetabitolder.17.Motherpromisedshewillbuymeabike.18.ThelasttimeIsawJane,shewaspickedcottoninthefields.19.Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthatheleaveofficesoon.20.Thedoctoradvisedhimtotakemorerest,buthedidn'tlistenhim.21.ThestudentswerewritingbusilywhenMissBrownwenttogetabookshehasleftintheoffice.22.ThereportersaidthattheUFOwastravelledeasttowestwhenhesawit.动词语态Whenhewasyoung,heusuallygoesclimbing.Youdosaythatyouwouldlendmesomemoneyyesterday.Hardlyhadthedoctorgonetobedwhenthereisaknockonthedoor.Mywatchgotbreak,whileIwasplayingbasketball.I'minterestedinEnglish,soIspokeitbetterthantheItisalready10yearssincehebecomesalawyer.TheteachertoldusthatChinawasintheeastofAsia.Tomtoldmethathehasjustbeenaskedwhathewasdoingduringtheholidays.Thefirstrailwayintheworldwasdesigninginthelastcentury.Ithasbeenrainedforthepastfewweeks.Begyourpardon,butIdon'tquitecatchwhatyousaid.Ifyouwon'twanttotakeataxi,youcangobybus.Wherehaveyoubeenallthistime?Thetrainwasabouttoleave.Hello,thisisMrGreen’soffice.Wewerecallingtoremindyouofyour4:15appointmenttomorrowafternoon.Irushoverwithoutdelay,jumpedintothewaterandswamtowardshim.Nottoolongago,peoplecan’tgoscuba-divingonHainanIsland,oranywhereelse.Wewerehavingameetingwhenthedooropen.Wherehadyoubeen?Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufornearlytwohours.Ibuyabeautifulbikeyesterday.Janewasdancing,butwhenshesawmeshestops.Tomtoldmethathehasjustbeenaskedwhathewasdoingduringtheholiday.Myseven-year-oldgrandsonhadhadmymobilephonenumbermemorizedsincehewasfour.Hedoesgotomeetusatthestation,buthedidn’tseeus.LastSunday,hewenttothelibrary,borrowingtwobooksandthenleft.25.Theirchildrenweretakingcareofbytheteacherlastnight.26.Tomdidn'tseemewavetohim.Hewaslookedinotherdirection.主谓一致真题单句归纳（1）Billwasstandingatthesideofthecar，talkingtotwomenwhowashelpinghimtorepairit.（was改为were，因先行词twomen是复数，所以修饰该先行词的定语从句的谓语动词也应用复数）（全国卷）（2）Playingfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalsogiveusasenseoffairplayandteamspirit.（give改为gives，它与makes为平行结构，构成并列谓语动词）（全国卷）（3）Nowmypictureandtheprizeishanginginthelibrary.（is改为are，因主语是mypictureandtheprize，故谓语动词要用复数）（全国卷）（4）Butthenthereisalwaysmoremysteriestolookinto.（is改为are，因其后的mysteries为复数，故谓语动词要用复数）（北京春季卷）（5）Butnotallinformationaregoodtosociety.（are改为is，因为主语是不可数名词information，表单数）（广西卷）（6）Sothen，aconcertcostsomuch.Imayjustlistentomusic.（cost改为costs，因主语是单数aconcert，根据全文用的都是现在的时态，故用一般现在时）（年四川卷）（7）IfIlistentomyownrecords，therearenoneedtospendmoney.（are改为is，因为在therebe结构中的be用is还是用are，由紧跟在be后的那个名词的单复数来决定，此处noneed是单数，所以用is）（四川卷）（8）…you

willprobablywanttojointheStampCollectors‘Clubwhichexisttoaddmorestampstoyourcollection.（exist改为exists，因主语which是指theStampCollectors’Club，这是单数，所以用exists）（浙江卷）（10）Oneeveningshetoldmethatsomethinghappenedwhentheirparentswasout.（was改为were，因为主语theirparents是复数，所以不用was要用were）（年福建卷）三、模拟单句演练（1）HerparentswereinShanghai，andsowashis.（2）Asisknowntousall，rememberingEnglishwordsarenoteasy.（3）Thepolicewaslookingforthemurderereverywhereinthecity.（4）WritingEnglishandspeakingitisdifferentthings.（5）Itistheparentsandtheirsonwhowantstobuythebicycle.（6）Whathesaidatthemeetingwereveryimportanttous.「参考答案」（1）was改为were，因其主语his为hisparents之略，为复数。（2）are改为is，句子主语为动名词短语rememberingEnglishwords，故其谓语动词要用单数。（3）was改为were，police作主语时，谓语动词总是用复数。（4）is改为are，因句子主语为复数。（5）wants改为want，此句为强调句，强调的是主语theparentsandtheirson，为复数。（6）were改为was，名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数非谓语二、真题单句归纳（1）DavidandIwantedgoofftofindhelpbutBillinsistedonstayingnearthecar.（wanted后加to，因为want后要接不定式）（全国卷）（2）…ratherthangointotheforestandgettinglost.（getting改get，因为get与其前的go并列）（全国卷）（3）Davidpointedtoapathwhichhethoughtwouldprobablyleadingtoavillage.（leading改为lead，因为其前有助动词would）（全国卷）（4）IwentbacktogetDavidandhelpedhimtostoodup.（stood改为stand，因为tostandup在此为不定式结构）（全国卷）（5）CharlesandLindaMasondoallofthesethingsaswellasclimbedbuilding.（climbed改为climb/climbing，若将aswellas视为连词，则将climbed改为climb，因为它与其前的do并列；若将aswellas视为介词，则climbing，因为介词后动词用动名词）（全国卷）（6）Modernpeopleknowmoreabouthealth，havebetterfood，andtoliveinclearersurroundings.（去掉live前的to，因为live与其前的know，have并列）（全国卷）（7）TheWorldHealthOrganizationand

otherorganizationsareworkingimprovehealthalloverthe

world.（improve前加to，toimprove…为表目的的不定式短语）（全国卷）（8）…youpaythecostofsendapostcard，thelibrarianwillwritetoyou.（send改为sending，因为介词后接动名词作宾语）（全国卷）（9）…andletyoutoknowwhenthebookyouwanthasreturned（去掉know前的to，因为其前有动词let）（全国卷）（10）Iwanttothankyouagainforhavemeinyourhomeforthesummerholidays.（have改为having，因为介词后接动名词作宾语）（全国卷）（11）Ihadalwayswantedreturntothevillageaftermovingaway.（return前加to，因为want后要接不定式）（全国卷）（12）Itwasverykindofthemtomeetmeattherailwaystationanddrovemetotheirhome.（drove改为drive，因为drive与其前的tomeet并列，此处的drive为省略to的不定式）（全国卷）（13）Ilookforwardtohearfromyousoon.（hear改为hearing，因为其前的to是介词）（全国卷）（14）Playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalsogivesusasenseoffairplayandteamspirit.（第一个play改为playing，因为动词原形不能用作主语）（全国卷）（15）Iwasoftenalittletiredafteraday‘sworkandwatchTVdemandsverylittleeffort.（watch改为watching，因为动词原形不能用作主语）（全国卷）（16）I‘dlikeverymuchcomebutIhaveanexaminationonMondaymorning.（come前加to，因为wouldlike后接不定式）（北京春季卷）（17）I‘llspendthewholeweekendreadingandprepareforit.（prepare改为preparing，因为它与其前的reading并列，与其前所用的动词spend有关）（北京春季卷）（18）Butthenthereisalwaysmoremysterieslookinto.（look前加to，此处为不定式作后置定语）（北京春季卷）（19）Afterlearnthebasicsofthesubject，nothingelseseemedverypracticaltome.（learn改为learning，因为介词后接动名词作宾语）（北京春季卷）（20）MyparentslovemedearlyofcourseandwilldoalltheycanmakesurethatIgetagoodeducation.（make前加to，因为tomake…在此用作目的状语，注意句型doallonecantodosth）（全国卷）（21）Hedidnotwantsharethingswithotherpeople.（want后加to，因为want后要接不定式）（北京春季卷）（22）Thatis，agameoftennismakinghimverybusy.（making改为made，因为缺谓语，不能用非谓语形式，根据上下文用一般过去时）（北京春季卷）（23）Asweclimbedthemountain，wefedmonkeys，visitingtemplesandtoldstories.（visiting改为visited，因为它与其前的fed和其后的told并列）（全国卷）（24）Buthisparentsthinkgotocollegeismoreimportantthanplayingsports.（go改为going，因为动词原形不能用作主语）（安徽春季卷）（25）…childrenmaynotdevelopthehabitofreadandtheabilitytoenjoythemselves.（read改为reading，因为介词后要接动名词）（年北京春季卷）（26）…tomakechildrentowantthingsthattheydon‘treallyneed.（去掉want前的to，因为want…在此用作使役动词make的宾语补足语）（年北京春季卷）（27）SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmyselfinsimpleEnglish.（talk改为talking，因为动词enjoy后要接动名词作宾语）（全国卷）（28）Shakeherhead，shesaid，“Itisn‘tagoodtimetodothat，dear.”（Shake改为Shaking，现在分词表伴随）（江苏卷）（29）It‘slikegoingtoahugelibrarywithouthavetowalkaroundtofindyourbooks.（have改为having，介词后用动名词作宾语）（广西卷）（30）IamthinkingofmakingatriptoLondon，andvisittheBritishMuseumandsomeparks.（visit改为visiting，因visit与making并列，作介词of的宾语）（四川卷）（31）Ihavesomerecordsgivingtomeasbirthdaygifts.（giving改为given，“把某物给某人”是givesthtosb；句中records与give是被动关系，故用过去分词）（32）Idreamofstandingontheplatformintheclassroomandgivelessonstolovelyboysandgirls.（give改为giving，因它与standing并列，作dreamof的宾语）三、模拟单句演练（1）Inthosedayswewereforcedworktwelvehoursaday.（2）It‘sverydifficultforaforeignerlearnChinese.（3）Itwassillyofyoubelievewhathesaid.（4）Hewasmadewashtheboss‘scaronceaday.（5）I‘llletyoutoknowassoonasIhearfromher.（6）Iwavedtoherbutfailedattractherattention.（7）Ihavealreadyseenthefilmtwice.Idon‘twantseeitanymore.（8）WhatIwantknowiswhenallthishappened.（9）Itwasclearthathewantedbealone.（10）Mostchildrenareinterestedinlistentostories.（11）Walkquicklyisdifficultforanoldman.（13）Becarefulincrossthestreet.（14）Thefilmisveryinteresting.Itisworthseetwice.（15）Findworkisverydifficultthesedays.（16）MostofusstudentsenjoyaskquestionsinEnglish.（17）Look，someofmyclassmatesarepractisingspeakEnglishoverthere.（18）Teachachildtosinganddanceisveryinteresting.（19）LearntospeakEnglishismoredifficultthantowriteit.（20）MyfriendJimisverygoodatmakingthingsandrepairthings.（21）Hedecidedtogotothesouth，findagoodjobandlivingthere.（22）Itwasverykindofyoutobuyussomemuchfruitandseeingusatthestation.（23）Excuseme，wouldyoutotellmethewaytothezoo？w.w.w.k.连词连词的误用，主要体现在句子与句子之间的关系，比如转折关系，递进关系等。如or和and的误用，and与but的误用，so和and的误用，because或since与so连用，though与but连用等。Eg:Mywifedidn’tlikethiswhiteskirt,andIhadtogobackandchangedittwice.一些固定结构的误用。如so...that，too...to，被误用为very...that，as...as被误用为so...as。Eg:IamtootiredthatIcannotfinishmyhomework.定语从句中which，that，when，where等混淆不清即关系代词和关系副词混用。When=onwhich,where=inwhich,why=forwhich,一般在文中遇到which或者that的时候一定要有英语的敏感度，就要想到考点就在此，头脑中就要想想关系词用的是否恰当。关系代词：that,which,whom,who,whose关系副词：when，where，why,Eg:BeijingistheplacewhichIwasborn.Thedaybeforeyesterday,Iwenttothebookstorewhereisnearourschooltobuyareferencebook.一些常用词。如what与how，except与besides，any与some,many与much以及合成词如anything与something，anywhere与somewhere，等混淆不清。Eg:Thisworkisverydifficult,soIdon’tknowwhattodo.Amongmuchsubjects,Ilikemathmost.缺词与多词错误的情形相似，缺词也主要涉及英语中一些“小”词，如冠词、介词、不定式符号、人称代词、动词be等。具体说来，漏词错误可能涉及的问题有：不及物动词后接宾语时漏加必要的介词，在该带不定式符号to的地方漏加to，在单数可数名词表示泛指意义时漏加必要的限定词（尤其是漏加不定冠词），漏掉表特指的定冠词，漏掉被动语态中的助动词be，漏加系表结构中的连系动词be，漏加一些常用结构或表达中的介词（如漏掉alotof中的of，漏掉becauseof中的of，漏掉insteadof中的of等），漏掉某些从句的“引导词”（通常会导致意义不通），等等。二、真题单句归纳（1）Whenwewalkedtothecar，Billsmiledandshookhead.（head前加his，汉语可“摇头”，而按英语的习惯要说shakeone‘shead）（全国卷）（2）WhenIhavefreetimeIgoalongwalk.（go后加for，goforawalk是习语）（全国卷）（3）Charlessaid，“AssoonIseearealytallbuilding，Iwanttoclimbit.（第一个I前加as，因为assoonas为引导时间状语从句的引导词）（全国卷）（4）Goodhealthisperson‘smostvaluablepossession.（person’s前加a，这里的a表泛指）（全国卷）（5）TheWorldHealthOrganizationand

otherorganizationsareworkingimprovehealthallovertheworld.（improve前加to，toimprove…为表目的的不定式短语）（全国卷）（6）ThereispubliclibraryineverytowninBritain.（publiclibrary前加a，因这里的publiclibrary是单数可数名词表泛指，故在其前用a）（全国卷）（7）Insomeplacesyoumayborrowmanybooksasyouwant.（many之前加as，因此处为as……as结构）（全国卷）（8）…andletyouknowwhenthebookyouwanthasreturned.（returned之前加been，因从句意上看，此处用被动语态）（全国卷）（9）Ihadalwayswantedreturntothevillageaftermovingaway.（return前加to，因为want后要接不定式）（全国卷）（10）ItoldMother，Father，Sister，allmyfriendsherewhatagreattimeIhad.（all前加and，表示并列关系）（全国卷）（11）TheyeagertoknoweverythingaboutChinaandaskedmelotsofquestions.（eager前加were，因此处缺谓语动词）（全国卷）（12）I‘dliketoyourpen-friend，andgettoknowmoreaboutyourcountry.（to后加be/become，因wouldlike后接不定式，根据句意此处应补be/become）（全国卷）（13）Whatyourfavouritesport？（what后加is或将What改为What‘s，此句缺谓语）（全国卷）（14）Wemustkeepinmindthatweplayfortheteaminsteadourselves.（instead后加of，insteadof为复合介词，在此表示“而不是”）（全国卷）（15）Eachplayermustobeycaptain，whoistheleaderoftheteam.（captain前加冠词the，captain为特指）（全国卷）（16）Iwashappywithanyprogrammebuttheothersspentalottimearguing…（alot后加of，因alot不能直接修饰名词）（全国卷）（17）I‘lltakethischancetowishyouwonderfultimeonyourbirthday.（wonderful前加a，该表达与haveagoodtime类似，其中的a不可省）（北京春季卷）（18）I‘dlikeverymuchcomebutIhadanexaminationonMondaymorning.（come前加to，因为wouldlike后接不定式）（北京春季卷）（19）Thedaybeforethespeechcontest（比赛）Englishteachertalkedtome.（English前加my，teacher为单数可数名词，前面要限定词）（全国卷）（20）Inoneclass，Ilearneditrained.（it前加why，why在此表原因）（北京春季卷）（21）Butthenthereisalwaysmoremysterieslookinto.（look前加to，此处为不定式作后置定语）（北京春季卷）（22）MyparentslovemedearlyofcourseandwilldoalltheycanmakesurethatIgetagoodeducation.（make前加to，因为tomake…在此用作目的状语，注意句型doallonecantodosth）（全国卷）（23）Aseveryoneknows，it‘sfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals.（在famous前加a，注意mountain是单数可数名词）（全国卷）（24）Itwasaboutnoonwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.（we前加when，时间状语从句缺少连词引导）（全国卷）（25）Therewillanimportantgamenextmonth.（will后加be，此处缺谓语动词）（安徽春季卷）（26）Becausesomuchviewing，childrenmaynotdevelopthehabitofreadingandtheabilitytoenjoythemselves.（Because后加of，因somuchviewing相当于名词）（北京春季卷）（27）OnedayIwrotealittlestoryandshowedtomyteacher.（showed后加it，showed在此作及物动词，后面缺少宾语）（全国卷）（28）WhenIwasboy，themostexcitingthingwastocelebratetheSpringFestival.（boy前加a，因boy为可数名词）（江苏卷）（29）YoucanfindallkindsinformationinjustafewminutesontheInternet.（kinds后加of.allkindsof意为“各种各样的”）（广西卷）（30）…discoveraninterestwhichcanevenlastlifetime.（lifetime前加a，指人的一生是alifetime）（浙江卷）（31）Shestoppedlookoutofthewindowandfindacloudofsmokecomingoutofherneighbor‘shouse.（look前加to.因为“停下来去做某事”是stoptodosth，不定式作目的状语）（福建卷）（32）Tenminuteslater，thefiremencameandputoutfire.（fire前加the，因这是特指的一场火灾）（福建卷）（33）Aswealllefthomeatearlyage，wemetlotsofproblemsinourdailylife…（early前加an，atanearlyage意为“在年幼时”）（天津卷）（34）Ioftendreamofateacher.（ateacher前加上being或becoming，根据后文的内容看来，作者不是梦见老师，而是自己梦想“成为”一名教师）（湖北卷）多词多词错误主要涉及英语中一些“小”词，如冠词、介词、不定式符号、人称代词、动词be、比较级more等。具体说来，多词错误可能涉及的问题有：及物动词后接宾语时误加介词，在该用动词原形的地方误加不定式符号to，在物质名词、抽象名词、复数名词等表示泛指时误加定冠词，在一些可直接用作状语的短语前误加介词in，on，for等，误加一些导致语义重复的小词（如two与both连用，all与whole连用等），在本身已是比较级的词前误加more，在不是从句的地方误加从句“引导词”，在一些习惯用语和固定表达中误加不该用的“小词”（如冠词、介词、副词等），等等。二、真题单句归纳（1）Davidpointedtoapathwhichithethoughtwouldprobablyleadtoavillage.（去掉it，因它与其前的关系代词which语义重复）（全国卷）（2）Somepeoplereadthebooksorwatchtelevisionwhileothershavesports.（去掉the，因这里的books表泛指，不表特指）（全国卷）（3）Inthelastfiveyearsthatthey‘veclimbedchurches，highbuildingsandtelevisiontowers.（去掉that，因此处的inthelastfiveyears为时间状语，其后无需用that）（全国卷）（4）Modernpeopleknowmoreaboutthehealth，havebetterfood，andliveinclearersurroundings.（去掉the，因health表泛指）（全国卷）（5）Mostpeoplecanquicklygetforhelpfromadoctororgotoahospitalwhentheyareill.（去掉for，因其前的get是及物动词）（全国卷）（6）Modernpeopleknowmoreabouthealth，havebetterfood，andtoliveinclearersurroundings.（去掉live前的to，因为live与其前的know，have并列）（全国卷）（7）Asaresult，peopleinthemodernworldgenerallylivemuchmorelongerthanpeopleinthepast.（去掉more，因为longer本身已是比较级，不能再受more修饰）（全国卷）（8）…andletyoutoknowwhenthebookyouwanthasreturned（去掉know前的to，因为其前有动词let）（全国卷）（9）…inotherplaceswhereyouarelimitedtoacertainnumber，ofthatsomemaybenovels.（去掉where，inotherplaces在此为地点状语）（全国卷）（10）Ifthebookyouwillwantisout，youmayaskforittobecalledbackforyou.（去掉will）（全国卷）（11）Ineverknewaboutaridedownarivercouldbesoexciting.（去掉about或将about改为that，因动词knew后可直接跟宾语从句，无需用介词）（全国卷）（12）Ineverknewaridedownarivercouldbesomuchexciting.（去掉much，因much不能用来修饰形容词的原级，尽管它可用来修饰形容词的比较级和最高级）（全国卷）（13）Ialsoenjoyedtheeveningswhenwespenttogether.（去掉when或将when改为that，因这里的定语从句中的谓语动词（spent）缺宾语，故只能用关系代词that或将其省略）（全国卷）（14）Ihopethatbothyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimesoon.（去掉both.因both与后面的two意义重复，况且词序安排也不对）（全国卷）（15）TodayIvisitedtheSmiths—myfirsttimevisittoanAmericanfamily.（去掉time，因first已含有“次”的意思）（全国卷）（16）Infact，theyareplanningtovisitChinainnextyear.（去掉in，在由next，this，last等词构成的时间短语中，一般可直接用作时间状语，无需加in，on，at这样的介词）（全国卷）（17）First，letmetellyousomethingmoreaboutmyself.（去掉more，因从上下文看，这是第一次给对方给信，不存在谈谈“更多情况”的问题）（全国卷）（18）Wepractiseforthreetimeseveryweek.（去掉for，在表示频率的名词前通常不加介词）（全国卷）（19）NowIcan‘twatchmuchtelevision，butafewyearsago…（去掉much，因为从下文看作者现在根本就不看电视）（全国卷）（20）Iwasusedtowatchiteverynight.（去掉was，因usedtodosth是固定表达，意为“过去常常做……”）（全国卷）（21）I‘llspendallthewholeweekendreadingandpreparingforit.（去掉all，因all与whole语义重复）（北京春季卷）（22）SoI‘mreallysorrythatIwon’tbeabletocomeinthistime.（去掉in，因thistime可直接用时间作状语）（北京春季卷）（23）Suddenly，IcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacherinthecrowd.（去掉a，catchsightof是习语，意为“看见、瞥见”）（全国卷）（24）WheneverIseethemIwilloftenthinkofmyEnglishteacher.（去掉often，因句中的whenever与often意义重复）（全国卷）（25）Forexample，whenIwasachild，therainwasamystery（奥秘）。（去掉the，rain在此表泛指）（北京春季卷）（26）…inanyotherwords，Iamanonlychild.（去掉any，因inotherwords为固定短语，意思是“换句话说”）（全国卷）（27）…butwedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether.（去掉about，因about后没有宾语，about属多余）（全国卷）（28）Forexample，whenheboughtachocolatecake，heputitinasecretplacewhereIcouldn‘tfind.（where改为that/which，或去掉where，Icouldn’tfind为修饰place的定语从句，其前用关系代词，也可省略）（北京春季卷）（29）Forinstance，ononenightheplayedstrongandloudmusictillfouro‘clockinthemorning.（去掉on，因onenight可直接用作时间状语）（北京春季卷）（30）Thetimepassesquickly.Eveningcamedown.（去掉down，要表示“夜幕降临”，直接说Eveningcame即可）（全国卷）（31）IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow.（去掉at，themoment在此用作连词，相当于assoonas）（全国卷）（32）Hisparentsaskedhimtospendinmoretimepreparingforthecollegeentranceexamination.（去掉in，spend是及物动词，其后可直接跟名词作宾语）（安徽春季卷）（33）Becauseofsomuchviewing，childrenmaynotbedevelopthehabitofreadingandtheabilitytoenjoythemselves.（去掉be，因它与其后的动词develop相冲突）（北京春季卷）（34）…tomakechildrentowantthingsthattheydon‘treallyneed.（去掉want前的to，因为want…在此用作使役动词make的宾语补足语）（年北京春季卷）（35）ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChinese…（去掉in，was后是一个由that引导的宾语从句，in是多余的）（全国卷）（36）Ifollowedheradviceandshouldputdown100wordsorsoeachday.（去掉should，因put和followed是平行结构，作并列谓语）（全国卷）（37）WhenIwasaboy，themostexcitingthingwaswhentocelebratetheSpringFestival.（去掉when，根据句意，此处无需加疑问词）（江苏卷）（39）CanyoutellmeaboutwhatIshoulddo？（去掉about，tellsb后面直接跟从句）（全国卷）（40）…youwillprobablywanttojoinintheStampCollectors‘Club…（去掉in.表示“参加，加入”某个组织，join后不要再加介词in；表示“参加”某项活动时，才加in）（浙江卷）（41）Cleverassheis，butsheworksveryhard.（去掉but，因前面已有引导让步状语从句的连词as（=though虽然）。不要受汉语句式“虽然……但是……”的影响，而重复用连词）（福建卷）（42）IstillremembermymiddleschoollifeinTianjinyet.（去掉yet，表示“还、仍然”的yet通常用于疑问句或否定句中；在肯定句中用still.而且前面又已经有still了）（天津卷）（43）ThoughIamastudentnow，Iwillworkasveryhardtomakemydreamcometrue.

（去掉as，根据句意as属多余）（湖北卷）（44）OnThursdayIwillhavetodecidewhatIwantmyselftodoovertheweekend.（去掉myself，表示主语自己想做某事，用wanttodosth；若是表主语想要别的人做某事，用wantsbtodosth）（四川卷）句子改错练习1.Throughourresearch,wecometoknowthateverybodymustpayattentiontoourenvironmentandsomemeasuresshouldbetakentoprotect.2.Awomansawhimcryingandtellinghimtowaitoutsideashop.3.IhopeIwilladmittedintoatopuniversityandbecomeagooddoctorafterIgraduatefromuniversity.4.Soontheycameupwithagoodidea,andthenwedecidedtogocyclinginthecountryside.5.Toseeahorseeatfish,allofthemranout.Havingthewholeroomtohimself,myunclesatdownbesidesthefireandbeganwarmhimself.6.Asstudents,wehaveclassesfromearlymorningtilllateafternoon,sotakingaten-minutebrea