2022届山东青岛市高三一模英语试卷（教师版含解析）

2022年高三年级统一质量检测英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheUnitedKingdomisalandofnaturalbeautyandhistorywithmanyofitsfinestattractionsdiscoveredthroughhiking.Now,dustoffyourboots,planaccordingtothefollowingroutespresentedbyasurveyofseniorhikersandanincredibleexperiencewillwaitforyou.WalesCoastalPathWalesistheonlycountryintheworldthathasanofficialwalkingpathcoveringitswholeborders.TheWalesCoastalPathisafootpathstretching870milesfromChestertoChepstow.Walkingthewholethingmightbedemanding,butthereareplentyofstretchesthatcanbeenjoyedoveradayortwo.SouthwestCoastPathYouneedafairamountofannualleave,acasual52daysorso,toundertakethisinonego.TherouterunsfromSomersetallthewaytoDorset,viaruggedcliffs,cutefishingvillagesandsurfingspotsalongthecoastline.Youcansurelyjumpontoanypointasyoulike,butyoucan'taffordtomissallthepubsfullofjokesandlaughterontheway!CoasttoCoastWalkThislong-distancetrailisn’tofficial,butpopularinthecountry,takinghikersfromtheIrishSeatotheNorthSeaasitrollsintohistoricRobinHood’sBayinYorkshire.Followinglocalfootpaths,theroutetakesyouthroughthreeUKNationalParks:theLakes,theYorkshireDalesandtheNorthYorkMoors.ClevelandWayYou’llwantninedaystofollycompletethishike,whichexploresboththeNorthYorkMoorsandthecounty’sworld-famouscoastline.JustmakesureyouallowenoughtimetoproperlyenjoyspotslikeRoseberryToppinghillandpickupagentleafternoonwalkatWhitby’sclifftopchurch.1.Whowillbemoreinterestedintheroutes?A.ExplorersintheUK. B.Hikinglovers.C.Naturephotographers. D.Fieldresearchers.2.WhatishighlyrecommendedaboutSouthwestCoastPath?A.Fishingvillages. B.Surfingspots.C.Localpubs. D.Nationalparks.3.Whatdothefourrouteshaveincommon?A.Theyincludecliffsworthvisiting. B.Theyareofficialanddemanding.C.Theyrunalongthecoast. D.Theycanbecompletedinamonth.【1~3题答案】【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个徒步的路线以及各自的特点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Now,dustoffyourboots,planaccordingtothefollowingroutespresentedbyasurveyofseniorhikersandanincredibleexperiencewillwaitforyou.(现在，掸掉靴子上的灰尘，根据一项针对高级徒步旅行者的调查给出的以下路线进行计划，一场令人难以置信的体验将等待着你)”可知，徒步旅行爱好者会对这些路线更感兴趣。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Youcansurelyjumpontoanypointasyoulike,butyoucan’taffordtomissallthepubsfullofjokesandlaughterontheway!(你当然可以随心所欲地跳到任何一个点上，但你不能错过路上所有充满笑话和笑声的酒吧！)”可知，西南海岸航道当地的酒吧值得推荐。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据三个小标题“WalesCoastalPath；SouthwestCoastPath；CoasttoCoastWalk(威尔士海岸小径；西南海岸步道；海岸到海岸步道)”以及最后一段中“You’llwantninedaystofollycompletethishike,whichexploresboththeNorthYorkMoorsandthecounty’sworld-famouscoastline.(你将需要9天的时间来完成这趟徒步旅行，它将探索北约克荒原和这个郡举世闻名的海岸线)”可知，这四条路线的共同之处是都沿着海岸。故选C。BYoumightthinkofmartialartsmovieswhenyouseepeopleperforminggracefulmovesdowntheriver,allstandingonabamboostrip,butactuallyitisaformofintangibleculturalheritage:bamboodrifting.Over2,000yearsago,thehigh-qualitywood,nanmu,inGuizhouwasingreatdemandbytheroyalcourtmorethan2,000kilometerstothenorth.Withnobettertransportation,peoplehadtostandononelogtodriftdowntheriver.Later,localpeoplebegantocompetealongthewayandthegameofwooddriftingwasborn.IntheQingDynasty,wooddriftingbecamebamboodriftingbecauseofbamboo’slowerprice.Duetotheskillsittakesforonetomasterthisact,bamboodriftingwasincludedinthenationalintangibleculturalheritagelistthisyear.YangLiu,a24-year-oldinheritorofbamboodrifting,learneditat7.“Usually,thebamboounderyourfeetisabout9meterslong,andthebambooinyourhandsisabout5meters.Ifthelengthordiameterofthebambooisnotlongenough,itwillnotfloat.Keepingourfeetfirmlypositionedonthenarrowbamboopoleisthekey,soweshouldfightagainstthecurrentbyconstantlychangingtheangle.Ilostmybalanceandfellinthewatermanytimeswhilepracticing.OnceIfell,IgaveitanothertryuntilIknewhowtohandlethemostdifficultpart.”shesaid.ThelovefortheancientskillkeepsYanggoing.Inthepast17years,shehasdriftedallyearround,inwintercoldandsummerheat.Ashanfuculturehasbeenontherise,Yangstartedwearinghanfuwhileperforming,creatingamorebeautifulfeel.In2020,Yangbegantoposthervideosonsocialmedia.“I'mextremelyproudtogetresponsesfromviewersthatbamboodriftingmakesthelinebetweenwhatispossibleandimpossibleunclear.It’smymissiontokeepitaliveandknowntomorepeople,”YangLiutoldChinaDaily.4.Whatcanbelearnedfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Themartialartsmovieisaformofculturalheritage.B.Nanmuwasdeliveredtothenorthbyland.C.BamboowascostlyinGuizhou2,000yearsago.D.Bamboodriftinginvolveslotsofskills.5.Whatisthebiggestchallengeinbamboodrifting?A.Findingtheproperbamboo. B.Holdingthebamboofirmlyinhands.C.Maintainingafixedangle. D.Keepingbalance.6.Whatdotheviewersthinkofbamboodrifting?A.Unbelievable. B.Impossible. C.Confusing. D.Complicated.7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TransportingBamboodowntheRiver. B.IntangibleCulturalHeritageinGuizhou.C.BalancingwithGrace. D.YangLiu:aCreativePerformer.【4~7题答案】【答案】4.D5.D6.A7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了国家非物质文化遗产——竹筏漂流，介绍了这项古老技艺的历史、特点以及人们对竹筏漂流的看法。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Duetotheskillsittakesforonetomasterthisact,bamboodriftingwasincludedinthenationalintangibleculturalheritagelistthisyear.(由于这一动作需要很多技能，竹筏漂流今年被列入国家非物质文化遗产名录)”可知，竹筏漂流需要很多技巧。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Keepingourfeetfirmlypositionedonthenarrowbamboopoleisthekey,soweshouldfightagainstthecurrentbyconstantlychangingtheangle.(在狭窄的竹竿上站稳脚跟是关键，所以我们要不断改变角度，与水流作斗争)”可知，竹筏漂流最大的挑战是保持平衡。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I'mextremelyproudtogetresponsesfromviewersthatbamboodriftingmakesthelinebetweenwhatispossibleandimpossibleunclear.(从观众那里得到的反馈是，竹子漂流让可能和不可能之间的界限变得模糊，我感到非常自豪)”可推知，观众认为竹子漂流不可思议。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Youmightthinkofmartialartsmovieswhenyouseepeopleperforminggracefulmovesdowntheriver,allstandingonabamboostrip,butactuallyitisaformofintangibleculturalheritage:bamboodrifting.(当你看到人们站在竹条上，在江面上表演优美的动作时，你可能会想到功夫电影，但实际上这是一种非物质文化遗产：竹筏漂流)”结合文章主要介绍了国家非物质文化遗产——竹筏漂流，介绍了这项古老技艺的历史、特点以及人们对竹筏漂流的看法。可知，C选项“平衡与优雅”最符合文章标题。故选C。COnSeptember29,2021,theUSFishandWildlifeServicedeclareditwouldberemoving23speciesfromitsEndangeredSpeciesAct,includingtheivory-billedwoodpecker,variousHawaiianbirdsandfreshwaterfish,notbecausetheyhadpulledbackfromtheedgeofextinction,butbecausetheUSFWSbelievedthesespecieswouldneverrecover,andweremostlikelyextinct,thereforenotrequiringprotection.InApril,195countriesaregettingtogetherinChinaforaUNconferencetodiscussglobalagreementstoprotectnatureandbiodiversity,withthehopeoffinalizinganagreementtosafeguardplants,animals,andecosystems.However,thenewstrain(毒株)ofCovid-19,Omicron,haspotentiallythrowntheplansintoamess,andnegotiatorsmayswitchtoonlinetalksiftravelrestrictionstoChinaareputinplaceagain.“Wecan'tgoanotherfourmonthswithoutanyprogress”saidGeorginaChandler,seniorinternationalpolicyofficerattheRoyalSocietyfortheProtectionofBirds.Conservationistsareurgingthetalkstogoahead-onlineifnecessary-asthebiodiversitycrisisshowsnosignofslowingup.“Naturelosshasnotgoneawayandthreatensbothhumanlivesandtheglobaleconomy,”saidLinLi,directorofglobalpolicyattheorganization.“Withonemillionspeciescurrentlyindangerofextinction,delayingactionisnotanoption.”Improvingconservationandmanagementofnaturalareas,suchasoceans,forests,andwildernessesiscrucialtosafeguardingtheecosystemsonwhichhumansdepend.However,forestsarestillbeingdevastated,oftenforfarmingorcommercialuse.Astreesabsorbaboutathirdofplanet-warmingemissionsproducedworldwide,stoppingdeforestationiskey.AtCOP26inGlasgowlastNovember,worldleadersplantoinvest$19billioninpublicandprivatefundstoprotectandrestoreglobalforests.It’seasytofeeldisheartenedbythedisappointingnews,buttheonlywaytostopmorespeciessufferingthesamefateistopayattentionandtakeactions.8.Whywouldthe23speciesberemovedfromtheAct?A.Becausetheyarelessendangered.B.Becausetheyhavealreadydiedout.C.Becausemorefundisinneedtoprotectthem.D.Becausenothingcansavethemfromextinction.9.WhatdoGeorginaChandlerandLinLiurgetodo?A.Takeimmediateactions.B.Putofftheconference.C.Haveonlinetalks.D.Improveglobaleconomy.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devastated”meaninthefifthparagraph?A.Abandoned. B.Destroyed. C.Rearranged. D.Disturbed.11.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodobywritingthetext?A.Toexplainwhysomespecieshavedisappeared.B.Torecommendwaystoprotectandrestoreforests.C.Todescribethepresentsituationofglobalecosystem.D.Tocallforattentionandactionagainstbiodiversitycrisis.【8~11题答案】【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了全球自然遭到了破坏，导致全球生物多样性危机。而如果想要阻止更多物种遭受同样的命运，只有人类采取共同行动。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“notbecausetheyhadpulledbackfromtheedgeofextinction,butbecausetheUSFWSbelievedthesespecieswouldneverrecover,andweremostlikelyextinct,thereforenotrequiringprotection.(不是因为它们从灭绝的边缘拉了回来，而是因为USFWS认为这些物种永远不会恢复，而且很可能已经灭绝，因此不需要保护。)”可知，它们被从名单上除是因为这些物种可能已经灭绝，永远不会恢复，也就是什么都不能阻止它们灭绝。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段““Wecan'tgoanotherfourmonthswithoutanyprogress”saidGeorginaChandler,seniorinternationalpolicyofficerattheRoyalSocietyfortheProtectionofBirds.(英国皇家鸟类保护协会高级国际政策官员GeorginaChandler说：“我们不能再继续4个月没有任何进展。”)”以及第四段LinLi所说的““Withonemillionspeciescurrentlyindangerofextinction,delayingactionisnotanoption.”(“目前有100万个物种濒临灭绝，拖延行动是不可能的。”)”可推断，这两个人都希望尽快采取行动。故选A。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据上一句“Improvingconservationandmanagementofnaturalareas,suchasoceans,forests,andwildernessesiscrucialtosafeguardingtheecosystemsonwhichhumansdepend.(改善海洋、森林和荒野等自然区域的保护和管理，对于保护人类赖以生存的生态系统至关重要。)”可知，保护森林对我们人类很重要。本句中的however，则表明情况并非如此，也就说森林还在被破坏。所以devastated为“破坏”之意。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’seasytofeeldisheartenedbythedisappointingnews,buttheonlywaytostopmorespeciessufferingthesamefateistopayattentionandtakeactions.(令人失望的消息很容易让人感到沮丧，但阻止更多物种遭受同样命运的唯一方法是关注并采取行动。)”可推断，作者写这篇文章，主要是为了呼吁人们重视并采取行动来解决全球生物多样性危机。故选D。DWeareoftensoattractedbythepromisesofmodemdigitallifethatwefailtonoticeitsdanger.It’sthatfeelingoflosingcontrolthatwegetadozentimesaday,fromwhenwegetdistracted(分心)withourphonesinadiscussiontowhenwecan’tappreciateaprivatemomentwithoutsharingitwithvirtualaudience.Inmyfirstattempttogetcontrolovermytechnologyuse,Isetmyphonetovibrateratherthanring.Soonafter,anotherproblemappeared.Theactofcontinuallycheckingthephonebecameahabit.Iknewthenthatusingonlytipstopermanentlyreformdigitallifeisdifficult.Weshouldgopastthenotificationsettings(通知模式)onourdevicesorappsandconsiderthemoreessentialtopicofwhyweusesomanyappsinthefirstplace.Whatallofuswhoarestrugglingwiththesechallengesneedisatechnologyusagephilosophy,somethingthatexplainsfromthegroundupwhichdigitaltoolsweallowintoourlives,why,andunderwhatconditions.CalNewport,aprofessorofcomputerscience,definesDigitalMinimalism(极简主义)asa“philosophyoftechnologyuseinwhichyoufocusyouronlinetimeonasmallnumberofcarefullyselectedactivitiesthatstronglysupportthethingsyouvalue,andthenhappilymissoutoneverythingelse.”Todoso,however,wecannotpassivelyallowthetoolsandappsprovidedbytheinternetagetocontrolhowwespendourtimeorhowwefeel.Instead,wemusttakestepstodrawthepositiveaspectsofthesetechnologieswhilesidesteppingthenegativeaspects.12.Whatdoes“itsdanger”inthefirstparagraphreferto?A.Feelingdepressed.B.Gettingdistractedinadiscussion.C.Givingupprivatemoments.D.Losingcontrolofyourdigitallife.13.Whydoestheauthormentionhisownexperiences?A.Tomakeacomparison.B.Toexplainaphenomenon.C.Tobringinabettersolution.D.Toclarifymisunderstandings.14.Whichofthefollowingwilldigitalminimalistsagreeto?A.Ignoringthesideeffectofdigitaltools.B.Devotingyourscreentimetovaluablethings.C.Spendingmoretimeselectinginformation.D.Gettingawayfromentertainmentapps.15.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Reformsinlife.B.Technologychallenges.C.Appsandsocialmediasites.D.Technologyusagephilosophy.【12~15题答案】【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在这个数字信息时代，人们容易被科技产品所控制，如果人类不想被互联网时代的工具所控制，就要学会利用这些技术的积极方面，避开消极方面。【12题详解】词义辨析题。根据划线词前半句“Weareoftensoattractedbythepromisesofmodemdigitallife(我们常常被现代数字生活的许诺所吸引)”和后句“It’sthatfeelingoflosingcontrolthatwegetadozentimesaday,fromwhenwegetdistracted(分心)withourphonesinadiscussiontowhenwecan’tappreciateaprivatemomentwithoutsharingitwithvirtualaudience.(这种失控的感觉每天都会出现十几次，从我们在讨论时因为手机而分心，到我们因为无法与虚拟观众分享而不能享受私人时刻。)”可知，这里所指的危害是指对失去对数字生活的控制。故选择D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Weshouldgopastthenotificationsettings(通知模式)onourdevicesorappsandconsiderthemoreessentialtopicofwhyweusesomanyappsinthefirstplace.Whatallofuswhoarestrugglingwiththesechallengesneedisatechnologyusagephilosophy,somethingthatexplainsfromthegroundupwhichdigitaltoolsweallowintoourlives,why,andunderwhatconditions.(我们应该跳过设备或应用程序的通知设置，考虑一下更重要的主题：为什么我们首先要使用这么多应用程序。我们所有与这些挑战抗争的人都需要一种技术使用哲学，一种从根本上解释我们允许哪些数字工具进入我们的生活，为什么，以及在什么条件下。)”可知，作者提出了一个更好的解决方案。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“CalNewport,aprofessorofcomputerscience,definesDigitalMinimalism(极简主义)asa“philosophyoftechnologyuseinwhichyoufocusyouronlinetimeonasmallnumberofcarefullyselectedactivitiesthatstronglysupportthethingsyouvalue,andthenhappilymissoutoneverythingelse.”(计算机科学教授CalNewport将数字极简主义定义为“一种技术使用的哲学，你把你的上网时间集中在一小部分精心挑选的你所重视的活动上，然后愉快地放弃其他一切事。)”可推断，极简主义者上网用来做自己最重视的事情。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Todoso,however,wecannotpassivelyallowthetoolsandappsprovidedbytheinternetagetocontrolhowwespendourtimeorhowwefeel.Instead,wemusttakestepstodrawthepositiveaspectsofthesetechnologieswhilesidesteppingthenegativeaspects.(然而，要做到这一点，我们不能被动地让互联网时代提供的工具和应用程序来控制我们如何花费时间或如何感受。相反，我们必须措施，汲取这些技术的积极方面，同时避开消极方面。)”及全文可知，本篇文章主要介绍的是技术使用的哲学，故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Winterisconnectedwithfunandgames:snowballfights,skiing,and,everyfouryears,theWinterOlympics.Butwhatwillawintersportsenthusiastdoifthesnowdoesn’tmakeanappearance?____16____Artificialsnowismorelikeatightlypackedfrozensnowthatispartlymelt.____17____Theyarebrokenupbyahigh-pressurepumpatfirstandthenturnintosmallfrozenpieces.Mostartificialsnowismadeusingsnowcannons.Astheair’scoolingcapacityfalls,sodoestheamountofwaterthatcanbepumpedthroughthemachine.____18____At-4℃asnowcannoncanoperateataround80%humidity.Butiftheoutsidetemperatureis-1℃,thismustbereducedtoaround30%humidity.In1980,theOlympicsheldinAmericabecamethefirstWinterGamestousemachine-madesnow.____19____ArtificialsnowalsoappearedatthetworecentWinterOlympics,inSochi,Russia(2014),andVancouver,BritishColumbia(2010).Andthe2022WinterOlympicsinBeijingisthefirsttorelyentirelyonartificialsnow.____20____TheInternationalOlympicCommitteestatesthatitcreatesamoreconsistentsurface.Inaddition,thesnowthatcomesfromacannonisicierthannaturalsnow.Itmeltsmoreslowly,andprovidesahardersurfaceforathleteslookingforspeed.ThefirstOlympicsusingentirelyartificialsnowwillprobablynotbethelast.A.Buttheyweren’tthelast.B.Itismadefromwaterdrops.C.That’swhenartificialsnowcomesin.D.Whatisartificialsnow,andhowisitmade?E.Temperaturealsoplaysasignificantroleinsnowmaking.F.Artificialsnowcanbeappliedintoawiderangeoffields.G.ArtificialsnowiswellworthusingintheWinterOlympics.【16~20题答案】【答案】16.C17.B18.E19.A20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人造雪的制作过程以及特点等情况。【16题详解】根据上文“Winterisconnectedwithfunandgames:snowballfights,skiing,and,everyfouryears,theWinterOlympics.Butwhatwillawintersportsenthusiastdoifthesnowdoesn’tmakeanappearance?(冬天与娱乐和游戏有关：打雪仗、滑雪，以及每四年举行一次的冬季奥运会。但是，如果雪没有出现，冬季运动爱好者该怎么办呢？)”可知，上文提到了没有雪的情况，本句为本段最后一句，应回答上文的问题：人造雪。故C选项“那就到了人造雪出场的时候”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据上文“Artificialsnowismorelikeatightlypackedfrozensnowthatispartlymelt.(人造雪更像是一种部分融化的紧密的冰冻雪)”以及后文“Theyarebrokenupbyahigh-pressurepumpatfirstandthenturnintosmallfrozenpieces.(它们首先被高压泵分解，然后变成小的冷冻碎片)”可知，本句是在说明后文被高压泵分解的是什么：水滴，B选项中waterdrops对应后文they，故B选项“它是由水滴制成的”符合语境，故选B。【18题详解】根据后文“At-4℃asnowcannoncanoperateataround80%humidity.Butiftheoutsidetemperatureis-1℃,thismustbereducedtoaround30%humidity.(在-4℃时，雪炮可以在80%左右的湿度下工作。但如果室外温度为-1℃，这必须降低到30%左右的湿度)”可知，本句启示下文，指出温度对造雪的作用。故E选项“温度在造雪中也起着重要作用”符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】根据上文“In1980,theOlympicsheldinAmericabecamethefirstWinterGamestousemachine-madesnow.(1980年，在美国举行的奥运会成为第一次使用机器造雪的冬奥会)”以及后文“ArtificialsnowalsoappearedatthetworecentWinterOlympics,inSochi,Russia(2014),andVancouver,BritishColumbia(2010).Andthe2022WinterOlympicsinBeijingisthefirsttorelyentirelyonartificialsnow.(人造雪也出现在最近的两届冬奥会上，分别是俄罗斯索契(2014年)和不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华(2010年)。2022年北京冬奥会是第一次完全依靠人工雪举办的冬奥会)”可知，后文提到了另外两届使用机器造雪的冬奥会，可见美国不是最后一个使用机器造雪的冬奥会。故A选项“但他们不是最后一个”符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】根据后文“TheInternationalOlympicCommitteestatesthatitcreatesamoreconsistentsurface.Inaddition,thesnowthatcomesfromacannonisicierthannaturalsnow.Itmeltsmoreslowly,andprovidesahardersurfaceforathleteslookingforspeed.ThefirstOlympicsusingentirelyartificialsnowwillprobablynotbethelast.(国际奥委会表示，它创造了一个更一致的表面。此外，大炮上的雪比天然雪更冷。它融化得更慢，为寻求速度的运动员提供了更坚硬的表面。第一届完全使用人工雪的奥运会可能不会是最后一届)”可知，本段主要说明了人造雪的一些优点，可见很值得使用。故G选项“人造雪很值得在冬奥会上使用”符合语境，故选G。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。EradajereOleitathinksshemayhavegotsomethingaboutthe____21____totwoofhercountry'sproblems:garbageandpoverty.ItiscalledtheChip(薯片)BagProject.The26-year-oldstudentandenvironmentalistisaskinga____22____oflocalsnacklovers:Ratherthanthrowemptychipbagsintogarbagecans,____23____themsoshecanturnthemintosleepingbagsforthe____24____.Chipeaters____25____theiremptybagsattwolocationsinDetroit:aprintshopandaclothingstore,whereOleitaandhervolunteerhelpers____26____them.Aftertheydisinfect(消毒)thechipbagsinsoapyhotwater,theyslicethemopen,____27____themflat,andironthemtogether.Thentheyusecottonandliners(衬层)fromoldcoatstolinetheinsides.Ittakesaboutfourhoursto____28____asleepingbag,andeachtakesaround150to300chipbags,____29____onwhetherthey'resingle-serveorfamilysize.Sinceitsstartin2020,theChipBagProjecthas____30____110sleepingbags.Sure,itwouldbe____31____toraisethemoneytobuynewsleepingbags.However,that’sonlyhalfthe____32____forOleita.“Weaimtomakea(an)____33____notonlysocially,butenvironmentally,”saidOleita.“Itisworth____34____chipbagsandusingthemtohelpthehomeless.____35____,theywouldlandinthegarbage.21A.reaction B.solution C.response D.way22.A.suggestion B.permission C.favor D.promise23.A.donate B.reserve C.sort D.change24.A.disabled B.elderly C.homeless D.sick25.A.deliver B.dropoff C.handout D.reuse26.A.guard B.promote C.place D.collect27.A.fold B.lay C.cut D.hang28.A.sew B.design C.order D.clean29.A.concentrating B.insisting C.depending D.agreeing30.A.sold B.created C.decorated D.received31A.simpler B.cooler C.cleverer D.moreformal32.A.project B.issue C.battle D.goal33.A.impression B.announcement C.impact D.decision34.A.recycling B.maintaining C.improving D.producing35.A.However B.Besides C.Therefore D.Otherwise【21~35题答案】【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.C25.B26.D27.B28.A29.C30.B31.A32.D33.C34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要介绍了EradajereOleita通过利用回收的薯片袋为无家可归的人制作睡袋的这个善举，帮且她的国家解决了垃圾和贫困这两方面的问题。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：EradajereOleita认为，她可能可以解决她的国家的两个问题：垃圾和贫困。A.reaction反应；B.solution解决办法；C.response答复；D.way方法，方式。根据下文“ItiscalledtheChip(薯片)BagProject.”所提到的具体解决办法，可知此处是指她有了对她的国家的两个问题的解决办法。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位26岁的学生和环保主义者正在请求当地的零食爱好者的支持。A.suggestion建议；B.permission允许；C.favor支持，赞同；D.promise诺言。根据下文的“Ratherthanthrowemptychipbagsintogarbagecans,”不要把空的薯片袋扔进垃圾箱，可知，正在请求当地的零食爱好者的支持。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与其把空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如把它们捐出来，这样她就可以把它们转变成无家可归的人的睡袋。A.donate捐赠；B.reserve保留；C.sort分类；D.change改变。根据上文的“Ratherthanthrowemptychipbagsintogarbagecans,”她不让他们把空的薯片袋扔进垃圾箱，可知她想让他们把薯片袋捐赠给无家可归的人。故选A项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与其把空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如把它们捐出来，这样她就可以把它们转变成无家可归的人的睡袋。A.disabled残疾的；B.elderly年纪较大的；C.homeless无家可归的；D.sick生病的。根据常识可知，无家可归的人没有家，才需要睡袋睡觉。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词及动词短语词义辨析。句意：吃薯片的人把空袋子放在底特律的两个地方：一家印刷店和一家服装店。A.deliver递送；B.dropoff放下，丢下；C.handout分发；D.reuse重新使用。根据下文的“whereOleitaandhervolunteerhelpers____6____them.”Oleita和她的志愿者助手们在那里收集它们,可知此处是让他们把这些袋子放在这两个地方。故选B项。26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Oleita和她的志愿者助手们在那里收集它们。A.guard守卫；B.promote促进；C.place放置；D.collect收集。根据下文的“Aftertheydisinfect(消毒)thechipbagsinsoapyhotwater,theyslicethemopen,____themflat,andironthemtogether.”可知Oleita和她的志愿者助手们在那里收集它们。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在肥皂热水里对薯片袋消毒后，把它们裁开，平放，然后熨烫在一起。A.fold折叠；B.lay放置；C.cut切割；D.hang悬挂。根据下文的“ironthemtogether.”熨烫在一起，可知要先把它们放平整，才能熨烫在一起。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：缝一个睡袋大约需要4个小时。A.sew缝；B.design设计；C.order定购；D.clean清理。根据上文“Thentheyusecottonandliners(衬层)fromoldcoatstolinetheinsides.”，可知要对准备好的材料进行缝制。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：缝一个睡袋大约需要4个小时，每个睡袋大约需要用150到300个薯片袋，这取决于它们是单用款的还是家庭款的。A.concentrating专心于；B.insisting坚持；C.depending依靠；D.agreeing同意。根据下的“whetherthey'resingle-serveorfamilysize”可知，用多少个取决于它们是单用款的还是家庭款的。固定短语dependon(取决于)，故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2020年开始以来，这个薯片袋项目已经制作了110个睡袋。A.sold卖；B.created创造，制作；C.decorated装饰；D.received收到。根据上文的制作睡袋的过程，可知这个薯片袋项目是“制作”睡袋的。故选B项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：的确，去攒钱买新的袋子更简单一些。A.simpler更简单的；B.cooler更凉爽的；C.cleverer更聪明的；D.moreformal更正式的。此处是指与回收薯片袋制作睡袋相比，去攒钱买新的袋子更简单一些。故选A项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这只是奥莱塔目标的一半。A.project工程；B.issue问题；C.battle战斗；D.goal目标。根据上文的“EradajereOleitathinksshemayhavegotsomethingaboutthe____1____totwoofhercountry'sproblems:garbageandpoverty.”她要解决她的国家的两个问题，可知不仅是对社会有影响，而且对环境也要产生影响是她做这个工程的目标，所以这只是奥莱塔目标的一半。故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的目标不仅是对社会有影响，而且对环境也要产生影响。A.impression印象；B.announcement声明；C.impact影响；D.decision决定。根据上文的“EradajereOleitathinksshemayhavegotsomethingaboutthe____1____totwoofhercountry'sproblems:garbageandpoverty.”她要解决她的国家的两个问题：垃圾和贫穷，可知她的目标就是对这两方面都能有所影响。固定短语makeanimpact(有影响)。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：回收和使用它们去帮助那些无家可归的人是值得的。A.recycling回收；B.maintaining保持；C.improving提高；D.producing生产。根据上文“whereOleitaandhervolunteerhelpers____6____them.”Oleita和她的志愿者助手们在那里收集它们，可知是回收这些薯片袋，所以回收和使用它们去帮助那些无家可归的人是值得的。故选A项。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：否则，它们都被扔进垃圾箱里了。A.However然而；B.Besides另外；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否则。根据上文的“Itisworth____14____chipbagsandusingthemtohelpthehomeless.”回收和使用它们去帮助那些无家可归的人是值得的，可知此处用otherwise“否则”就是说如果不回收利用的话，他们就都被扔到垃圾箱里作废物处理了。故选D项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinabeatSouthKorea3-2fromtwogoalsdowninthedramaticfinaloftheAFCWomen’sAsianCuponSundaynight,winningthechampionshipforthe____36____(nine)time16yearslater.DespitebeingtwogoalsbehindSouthKoreainthefirsthalf,theChinesewomen’snationalfootballteamgotthreeinthesecondhalfwithtwogoals____37____(score)injustfiveminutes.“Iffaithhasacolor,itmustbeChinared!”TheChineseFootballAssociationsaid,____38____(name)thegirls“steelroses,theprideofChina”.Countlesspeoplepostedonsocialmediaplatformsthat“OnlythefaithfulsoccerfansinChinaknowhow____39____(incredible)longwehavewaitedforsuchamoment.Weallknowhowexhaustingitis____40____theChinesesoccergirls,andweallknowhowpainfulitistoplaywith____41____(injure).”ThesuccessoftheChinesewomen’snationalfootballteam____42____(be)aboosttoChina’snationalpride.“It____43____(accept)amongChinesesoccerfansthatsoccerhasalwaysbeenaweakspotinChina,butthisis____44____greatsuccess,_____45_____hasbroughtChinabacktothetopofAsiainthefield!commentedthePeople’sDailyonline.【36~45题答案】【答案】36.ninth37.scored38.naming39.incredibly40.for41.injury##injuries42.is43.isaccepted44.a45.which【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国女足亚洲杯决赛冠军这一事件的意义和影响。【36题详解】考查数词。句意：在周日晚举行的亚足联女足亚洲杯决赛中，中国队以两球落后的比分3-2击败韩国队，16年后第九次夺冠。表示名次用序数词形式。故填ninth。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然在上半场落后韩国队2球，但中国女足在下半场5分钟内连进2球，共进3球。此处为with的复合结构，名词twogoals与动词score是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填scored。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“如果信仰有颜色的话，那一定是中国红!”中国足协称，这些女孩是“钢铁玫瑰，中国的骄傲”。句中已有谓语动词，空处需填用非谓语动词，逻辑主语TheChineseFootballAssociation与动词name是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填naming。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：无数人在社交媒体上发帖称:“只有中国忠实的球迷才知道，我们等了这么久，等了这么久。”形容词long前用副词修饰。故填incredibly。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：我们都知道中国女足有多累，我们都知道带着伤病踢球有多痛苦。分析句子结构可知，这是感叹句，固定短语itis+adj+forsbtodo对某人来说做某事……。故填for。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：我们都知道中国女足有多累，我们都知道带着伤病踢球有多痛苦。介词with后接名词形式，名词injure可作可数名词或不可数名词。故填injury/injuries。【42题详解】考查时态。句意：中国女足的成功提升了中国的民族自豪感。根据文章时态可知，用一般现在时，主语是Thesuccess，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。【43题详解】考查时态语态。句意：中国球迷普遍认为，足球一直是中国的弱项，但这是一个巨大的成功，它让中国在足球领域重新回到了亚洲的前列!固定短语It’sacceptedthat…人们普遍认为……，陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时。故填isaccepted。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：中国球迷普遍认为，足球一直是中国的弱项，但这是一个巨大的成功，它让中国在足球领域重新回到了亚洲的前列!名词success表示“成功的事情”，为可数名词，泛指，且great发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。【45题详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国球迷普遍认为，足球一直是中国的弱项，但这是一个巨大的成功，它让中国在足球领域重新回到了亚洲的前列!这里的先行词指的是中国女足的成功这件事，在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用which引导。故填which。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你于上周日参加了学校组织的社区志愿服务活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：