五大基本句式的成分划分练习

基本句型一主语—系动词—表语（SVC）英文中常见的系动词主要有：become,look,seem,appear,get,feel,grow,turn,remain,come,fall,hold,keep,stand,stay,smell,sound,taste等。系动词后接的部分可称为表语或（主语）补足语，主要是用来说明主语的性质、状态、特征、职业、年龄等等。Thismachineisingoodcondition.这台机器的情况良好。Thegardensmellspleasant.这座花园香气怡人。Silkfeelssoftandsmooth.丝绸摸起来又软又滑。二、 主语—动词（SV）这种句型中的谓语动词是不及物动词，没有直接宾语；但常带有状语。Thewaterisboiling. Theyhavebeenwaitingthereforhours.Thetrainwillleavesoon. Theflagsarewavinginthewind.三、 主语—动词—宾语（SVO）这一句型中的谓语动词是及物动词，必须带有自己的宾语。Hehasasister. Theywantedtohavearest.Shesuccessfullycarriedoutherplan.四、 主语—动词—宾语—宾语（SVOO）此句型中的谓语动词后接两个宾语：前一个宾语称为”间接宾语”，多由代词或名词充当；后一个宾语称为”直接宾语”，往往由名词充当。这类句型常有”给某人某物"、”送某人某物”、"留给某人某物”等意思。常见的这类谓语动词有give,bring,tell,send,leave,pass,write,take,show,teach,get,award,lend,rent,buy,pay）,hand,recommend等。Shebroughtmeashirt. Passhimthedictionary,please.Ilendhimmybicycle.五、 主语—动词—宾语—宾语补足语（SVOC）在这一结构中，宾语补足语是对宾语”做什么”、”怎么样”等方面进行补充说明。宾语和谓语动词是”动宾关系”，而宾语和它的补足语在逻辑上却是”主谓关系”。宾语补足语可由名词、形容词、动词不定式、分词或介词短语担当。Weelectedhimourmonitor. Thenewsmademehappy.PresidentappointedJohnmanagerofMarketing.Heheardsomebodyopeningthedoor.Weknowhimtobeanexpert.Thestorymadeuslaugh. Ifoundmyselfindark.V.句子的成分构成句子的基本成分叫做句子成分。句子成分可分为主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,同位语。它们可以由单词来担任,也可以由词组以及句子来担任。主语一个句子中所要表达、描述的人或物，是句子的主体。Iworkhere. Sheisanewteacher.Heisinchargeofalimitedcompany.主语可以由名词,代词,数词,动词不定式,动名词,名词化形容词,分词,从句,短语等来担任。Thebookisonthedesk. Whentobeginisnotknownyet.Thewoundedhasbeentakentothehospital.谓语用来说明主语做了什么动作或处在什么状态。谓语可以由动词来担任,一般放在主语的后面。Thechildhasbeenbroughtupbyhismother.Wedon'tknowhimverywell. ShespeaksEnglishfluently.表语是用来说明主语的性质,身份,特征和状态。表语须和连系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语。表语一般放在系动词之后。表语可以由名词,形容词或起名词和形容词作用的词和短语担任。Thesedesksareyellow.Wearehappynow.Thedictionaryisinthebag. Myquestionishowyouknewhim.宾语是谓语动作所涉及的对象,它是动作的承受者。宾语可以由名词或起名词作用的成分担任，宾语一般放在谓语动词后面。Isawacatinthetree.Iwanttogoshopping. Wethinkyouareright.有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,其中一个宾语多指人,另一个宾语指物,指人的宾语叫做间接宾语,指物的宾语叫做直接宾语,可以带两个宾语的动词有bring,give,show,send,pass,tell等。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面，如果强调直接宾语可把直接宾语放在间接宾语的前面，但间接宾语前须加"to"。Myfatherboughtmeabook. Givetherubbertome.PleasegivethelettertoXiaoLi.有些及物动词除跟一个宾语外，还需要加上宾语补足语,否则意思不完整,它们一起构成复合宾语,复合宾语中宾语和后面的宾语补足语有一种逻辑上的主谓关系，这也是判断是两个宾语还是复合宾语的依据,宾语可以由名词或起名词作用的词担任。 WeallcallhimLooWong.Pleasecoloritred.Wefoundthelittlegirlinthehill.定语用于描述名词，代词，短语或从句的性质、特征范围等情况的词叫做定语；定语可以由名词，形容词和起名词和形容词作用的词、短语担任。如果定语是单个词，定语放在被修饰词的前面，如果是词组，定语放在被修饰词的后面。Thatisabeautifulflower. Thisismybook,notyourbook.havealotofthingstodo.状语英语中，修饰动词、形容词、副词等的句子成分叫状语(adverbial)。状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。HespeaksEnglishverywell.Tenyearsago,Shebegantoliveinbalian.Heisplayingunderthetree.同位语当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时，一个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者就叫做后者的同位语(iappositive)o这两个句子成分多由名词(代词)担任，同位语通常皆放在其说明的名词(代词)之后。Thenewsthatyoutoldmeyesterdaywasreallyexciting.IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.Mr.Smith,ournewteacher,isverykindtous.(-).指出嘲嚮鄒爲(4分，4分钟)Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.Thereisanoldmancominghere.(3)Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.巴)选出句中诸语的中心词(10分，10分钟)Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don't B.like C.pictureD.wallThedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.get B.longer C.daysb.summer(3)boyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?A.bo B.usually C.gob.busTherewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.willbeB.meeting C.thelibraryb.afternoonbidthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?A.bidB.twins C.haveD.breakfast®Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.TomB.didn't C.dob.hishomeworkWhatIwanttotellyouisthis.A.wantB.totell C.youb.isWehadbettersendforadoctor.A.WeB.had C.sendb.doctorHeisinterestedinmusic.A.isB.interestedC.in b.musicWhomdidyougivemybookto?A.giveB.aid C.whomb.book（三）挑出下列句中的宾语（10分，10分钟）Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?@Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.Theydidn'tknowwho"FatherChristmas11reallyis.Y四）就出下列句中的表语（5分，5分钟）Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.WhyisheworriedaboutJim?Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.Y五）挑出下列句审的定语（6分，6分钟）TheyuseMr,Mrswiththefamilyname.Whatisyourgivenname?OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.@Iomafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.@Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!Y六）城出下列曷审的宾语补足语（6分，6分钟）Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.Shefounditdifficulttodothework.TheycallmeLilysometimes.工sawMrWonggetonthebus.bidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?Y七）就出下列句中的般（莎，8分钟）K J①Therewasabigsmileonherface.®Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.©Iamafraidthatifyou'velost汁，youmustpayfor汁.⑧ThestudentsfollowedUncleWanatoseetheothermachine.Y八）划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语（弓分，5分钟）Pleasetellusastory.Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.MrLiisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.bidheleaveanymessageforme?句子成分练习题（二）

指出丁列句子中勅线部分的旬子成歩 ..WhetherweIIgodependontheweather.People'sstandardsoflivingaregoingupsteadily.Thatwashowtheyweredefeated.Thenurserytakesgoodcareofourchildren.5.1*11returnthebooktoyoutomorrow.Wearesurethatweshallsucceed.Thewomanwithababyinherarmsishisother.TherearemanyfilmthatI*dliketosee.Haveyoumetthepersonaboutwhomhewasspeaking?10.1havealotofworktodo.AnywayIwon'tstopyoufromdoingit.Isaiditinfun.Wecansendacarovertofetchyou.Shehadtoworkstandingup.Seeingthis#somecomradesbecameveryworried.Muchinterested,heagreedtogiveitatry.Thebusarrivedtenminuteslate.Weshouldservethepeopleheartandsoul.Springcomingon,thetreeturnedgreen.Somefarmerssawsomethingstrangeinthesky.WethinkitnecessarythateveryoneshouldattendthemeetingIt'sstrangethatshedoesn'tcometoday.ItwasinthelibrarythatIcometoday.Helikesdrawingattimeswhenh£isn't如呷呷.Weleftinsuchahurrythatwe于orgottolocEth皂door.‘ 句子成分练习题（三）A1、 _sixyearssinceIbegantostudyEnglish.A.ItisB.IhavebeenC.Thereareb.Itwas2、 intheroomatthattime.A.NobodywasB.SomeonewereC.Whoisb.Heare3、 IT'Sverynoisyoutside. isgoingon?A.WhoB.WhatC.Whichb.Where4、 inEnglishinclasseverydayisimportant.A.SpeakB.TalkingC.Saying6.Totell5、 Theremustbe nearthefactory.A.abookstoreB.bookstoreC.booksstoreb.booksstores6、 Althoughit'sraininghard, arestillworkinginthefields.A.buttheyB.andtheyC.theyb.sincetheyB1、 Thedoctoraswellasthenurses greatconcernforthepatients.A.showB.showsC.haveshownb.areshowing2、 Yoursonmustbeacleverboy, he?A.isB.isn'tC.mustb.mustn't3、 Thecomputercenter, lastyear,isverypopularamongstudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.openedb.beingopened4、 I gototheshoptoday,forthereisalotoffoodathome.A.mustn'tB.hadtoC.can'tb.needn't5、 Don't excited.A.getB.isC.seemb.look6Thisroom everymorning.A.iscleaningB.iscleanedC.cleansb.cleaningC1、 Gladtomeetyoul isyourfullname?A.WhatB.WhereC.Howb.Who2、 Heis tolifttheheavybox.A.tooweakB.weaktooC.enoughweakb.weakenough3、 Thedaysare warmerandwarmerinspring.A.gettingB.lookingC.seemingb.going4、 HisjobisEnglish.A.teachB.toteachC.taughtb.teaches5、 Twoballsare .A.underthedeskB.inthewallC.tohereb.atdesksb1、 Weshouldgetready others.A.helpingB.tohelpC.helpb.helpwith2、 interestingworkwearedoing?A.WhataB.HowC.Whatb.Whatan3、 Iwant oteacherwhenIgrowup(-fx;fc).A.tobeB.toC.beb.being4、 -Wouldyouliketogoonapicnicwithmetoday?-Idon'tthinkso.Tobehonest,Ireallydon'tfeellikeonapicnic.A.goingB.togoC.gob.wentboyouknow?A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelivesC.whereheliveb.ifwherehelivesLet doitagain.A.IB.meC.heb.sheIdon'tknow .A.howtodoB.whattodoC.wheretodob.whentodoE1、 Isawhim basketballwithJackanhourago.A.playsB.toplayC.playedb.playo2、 Sorry,we'vekeptyou foralongtime.A.waitedB.singC.standb.waiting3、 Theteachertoldus lateagain.A.aren'tbeB.don'tbeC.nottobeb.notbe4、 Wefindtheroomvery .A.warmB.warmlyC.terriblyb.hardly1、 Ifound difficulttoworktogetherwithhim.A.itB.itsC.thatb.those2、 Weallknow ourdutytocleanourclassroomafterschooleveryday.A.thatB.thisC.whichb.it3、 Hefound veryinterestingtoplaywiththelittledog.A.whatB.itC./b.thatGTomsaidhe agooddreamyesterdayevening.A.dreamB.dreamedC.haveb.hasChildren ahappylifeinChina.A.leadB.livingC.hasb.leadingHAmerica,JapanandCanadaarecountries.A.developingB.developedC.lessdevelopedD.developskirtisthatonthechair?-Letmesee.Oh,no,it'snotmine.A.WhoseB.WhatC.Who'sD.Whichboyouhaveanything ?A.sayingB.to*ayC.saidD.sayLook,thereisantreebythewall.A.appleB.apple'sC.apples*D.applesWhereisseat?A.yoursB.yourC.youb.yourselvesTheboxis heavyforher carry.A.very;toB.too;nottoC.too;tob.verytoo;to- didyoubuythenewbag?-LastMonday.A.WhereB.HowC.Whenb.WhoYoucanseethesesignsinahospital. canyouseethem?A.WhereelseB.WhereplaceelseC.Whereelseplaceb.ElsewhereTheywentout theiroldfriends.A.visitB.visitingC.tovisitb.visitedThereisawideriver ourvillage