新教材2021-2022学年译林版英语必修第三册课时作业uNIT4Scientistswhochangedtheworld9Word版含解析

课时分层作业(九)Ⅰ.阅读理解AInthenearfuture，wemaybeusingoureyestooperateoursmartphonesandtablets，evenwhenitcomestoplayingpopulargameslikeFruitNinja.TheGazeGrouphasbeendevelopingeye­controlledcomputertechnologyfornearly20years.Butthosedeviceshavebeenfirstlydesignedtohelpthosewithdisabilities，andareveryexpensive.“Afterawhile，wefiguredoutthatprobablythebestwayistogoforamass­marketway，”saysGaze'sSuneAlstrupJohansen，“whereeverybodywouldhavethisavailable.”Johansenandsomeofhiscolleagueshaveformedanewcompany，TheEyeTribe，whichishopingtodevelopthetechnologyonamasscommerciallevel.Thetechnologyworkswhencombinedwiththecomputingdevicetowardtheuser'sface.Aftermakingsureoftheuser'seyemovements，thetechnologyisthenabletoeasilyfindwhereaperson'seyesaremoving，andthenallowtheeyestocontrolacursor(光标)．“Oursoftwarecanthendeterminethelocationoftheeyesandknowwhereyou'relookingonthescreentomakesurewhatyou'relookingat，”readsanexplanationonTheEyeTribesite.Therehasbeenagradualchangetowardhands­freetechnologyinrecentyears，particularlyinthegamingworld.RecentlyXboxreleasedtheKinectdevice，whichletsuserscontroltheirXboxandplaycertaingamesusingonlytheirhands，legsandvoices.Butstill，mostofthesedeviceshavebeenmoreofagimmickthanapracticalwaytouseone'shandstocontrolamobiledevice.Johansensaidareplaceablefilter(滤光器)wouldbeacheap，convenientwayformostconsumers.AndevenascompanieslikeTheEyeTribeworktocreatesuchaproductfortheaverageuser，makingtheeye­controlledtechnologymoreaccessibleandlessexpensivewillhavesimilarbenefitsforphysicallydisabledusers.Formorearticlesonmodernscience，pleaseCLICKhere.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了在不久的将来，人们手中的智能和平板电脑或许可以用眼睛操控了，甚至在玩像水果忍者这样的流行游戏时也是如此。1．Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Anintroductionofanewdevice.B．Anintroductionofsmartphones.C．Anintroductionofeye­controllingtechnology.D．Anintroductionofanewtechnologyforthedisabled.C[主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了在不久的将来，我们可能会用我们的眼睛操作我们的智能和平板电脑，甚至在玩像水果忍者这样的流行游戏时也是如此。故选C。]2．Theunderlinedword“gimmick”probablymeans“________”．A．truth B．phoneC．trick D．reviewC[词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，它不是一种用手控制移动设备的实用方法，由此可以猜测出这些设备大多只是一种噱头，也就是一种用以吸引人的技巧，故画线词gimmick的意思是：trick(技巧，诡计)。故选C。]3．Accordingtothepassage，wecanlearnthat________．A．theeye­controllingtechnologywasfirstdevelopedfortheblindB．thereisnosuchaphoneaswecanuseonlywithoureyesatpresentC．thepresentdevelopingofthetechnologywillbringnogoodD．theeye­controllingtechnologyisonlyintendedforthedisabledpeopleB[细节理解题。根据第一段“Inthenearfuture，wemaybeusingoureyestooperateoursmartphonesandtablets，evenwhenitcomestoplayingpopulargameslikeFruitNinja.”可知，不久的将来我们可能会有这样的智能，所以说目前我们还没有这样一部用眼睛控制的。故选B。]4．Thispassageisprobablytakenfrom________．A．anexperimentreportB．asciencefictionC．aschooltextbookD．asciencewebsiteD[文章出处题。最后一段“Formorearticlesonmodernscience，pleaseCLICKhere.”中的“CLICK”是“点击”的意思，由此可以推断出该文章摘自一个科学网站。故选D。]BFormanykids，theInternetisattheirfingertips.Fromcomputerstosmartphones，awebofinformationisopentothem.AccordingtoanewreportfromthePewResearchCenter，aboutthreeoutoffourkidsaged12to13connecttheInternetusingamobiledevicefromtimetotime.Manyyoungerkidsareonlinetoo.JulianZeitlinger，9，fromNewJersey，useshiscomputertowatchvideosandplaygames.Tokeephimsafeonline，hisparentsmonitor(监测)hiswebuseanddiscussInternetsafetywithhim.“Iaskmyparentsforhelpifsomethingiswrong，”Juliansays.Mobiledevicesoffermorewaysthanevertosharepersonalinformation.Theinformationcanbedangerousinthewronghands.Astudyfoundthat62%ofchildrenaged8to17havehadanunpleasantonlineexperience.Haveyoueverhadtoenteraparent'se­mailaddresswhensigningupforawebsite？ThatsafetynetistherebecauseoftheChildren'sOnlinePrivacyProtectionAct(COPPA)．Thelawsayssitesforkidsunder13cannotcollectpersonalinformation，suchasaphonenumberorfullname，withoutaparent'spermission(允许)．ThisJuly，theFederalTradeCommission(FTC)willupdateCOPPAforthefirsttimesincethelawwascreated，in1998—whentherewerenosmartphones.“Thenatureofthewaykidsgetonlinehaschanged，”FTClawyerPhyllisMarcussaid.Whenthechangestakeeffect，COPPAwillapplytomobiledevicesandnewerformsofadvertising.Itwillexpandwhatfallsunder“personalinformation”toincludevideos，photographsandservicesthatgiveuserlocation(位置)．COPPAdoesn'tcovereverythingthatcangowrongonline.That'swhykidsandparentsneedtoknowwhattolookoutforandtostopandthinkbeforesharinginformationonline.“ThereisamisunderstandingthatifasiteisfollowingCOPPA，itistotallysafe，”saysprivacyexpertShaiSamet.HerunsKidSAFE，whichcheckswhetherasitemeetsKidSAFEstandardsandissafe.“It'simportantthatkidsknowhowusefultheInternetisbutthatitalsocanbedangerousifyouarenotcareful，”headds.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了儿童上网的安全问题及COPPA法案的成因及发展等。5．Julian'sparentscheckhiswebusetomakesure________．A．hedoesn'twatchtoomanyvideosB．hedoesn'tplaycomputergamesC．hestayssafeontheInternetD．hecontrolshisonlinetimeC[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Tokeephimsafeonline，hisparentsmonitor(监测)hiswebuse”可知，朱利安的父母监测他的上网情况是为了确保他的网络安全。]6．Howdoestheauthorexplainchildren'sunpleasantonlineexperiences?A．Bydescribinghisownexperiences.B．Bypresentingscientificresearch.C．Byshowingdifferences.D．Byusingexamples.B[写作手法题。根据第三段中的“Astudyfoundthat62%ofchildrenaged8to17havehadanunpleasantonlineexperience.”可知，作者主要是通过引用研究结果来说明孩子们不愉快的上网经历。]7．Peopleoftenholdthewrongideathat________．A．formalwebsitesarealwayssafeB．theInternetisbecomingsaferandsaferC．COPPAcanensuretheircompletesafetyD．dailycheckspreventfutureonlineproblemsC[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“ThereisamisunderstandingthatifasiteisfollowingCOPPA，itistotallysafe”可知，人们认为遵循COPPA法案的网站可以确保他们上网的绝对安全，然而事实表明，这是一种误解。]8．What'sthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Toaskparentstolookoutfortheirkids.B．Totellpeopletobecarefulonline.C．Tooffertipsononlinesafety.D．Tointroduceanonlinelaw.B[写作意图题。通读全文特别是文章最后一句中的“italsocanbedangerousifyouarenotcareful”可知，本文旨在告诫人们在上网时应该小心谨慎。故B项符合题意。]Ⅱ.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenBryanAndersonnoticedanoldlady，caughtonthesideoftheroad，heknewsheneededhelp.SohepulledupinfrontofherMercedesandgotoutwithhismotorstillrunning.Evenwithabigsmileonhisface，shewasworried.Hedidn'tlooksafe；helookedpoorandhungry.Afterreadinghermind，heintroducedhimselfasBryanAndersonandbegantohelpher.Learningthatshehadaflattire，withoutasecondthought，Bryansetouttoworkandtookhourstogetitright，dirtyandtired.Shecouldn'tthankhimenoughforcomingtoheraid.Witheverythingdone，theladyaskedhowmuchsheowedhim.Anyamountwouldhavebeenallrightwithher.Shealreadyimaginedalltheawfulthingsthatcouldhavehappened.Bryanneverthoughtaboutbeingpaid.Thiswashelpingsomeoneinneed.Hehadlivedhiswholelifethatway，anditneveroccurredtohimtoactanyotherway.Bryantoldherthatifshereallywantedtopayhimback，thenexttimeshesawsomeonewhoneededhelp，shecouldgivethatpersonhelpthewayhegaveher，andheadded，“Andthinkofmetoletthechainoflovepasson.”Hearingthatsheowedhimnothing，withtearsrollingdownhercheeks，theoldladydroveoffwithadeep“Thankyou”．Afewmilesdowntheroad，theladysawasmallcafe.Shewentintogrababitetoeat，andtakethechilloffbeforeshemadethelastlegofhertriphome.Inthedirty­lookingrestaurant，thewholescenewasunfamiliartoher；awaitresscameoverandbroughtacleantoweltowipeherwethair.Shehadasweetsmile，onethatevenbeingonherfeetforthewholedaycouldn'terase.Theladynoticedthewaitresswasnearlyeightmonthspregnant，butsheneverletthestrainandacheschangeherattitude.ThensherememberedBryan.注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。Aftertheladyfinishedhermeal，shepaidwitha$100bill._______________________________________________________________________________________Thatnightwhenshegothomefromwork，shewasthinkingaboutthemoneyandwhattheladyhadwritten._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】Aftertheladyfinishedhermeal，shepaidwitha$100bill.Thewaitressquicklywenttogetchangeforher$100bill，buttheoldladyhaddrivenoff.Shewasgonebythetimethewaitresscameback.Thewaitresswonderedwheretheladycouldbe.Thenshenoticedsomethingwrittenonanapkin.Thereweretearsinhereyeswhenshereadwhattheladywrote：Youdon'towemeanything.Ihavebeentheretoo.SomebodyoncehelpedmeoutthewayI'mhelpingyou.Ifyoureallywanttopaymeback，hereiswhatyoudo：donotletthischainofloveendwithyou.Underthenapkinwerefourmore$100bills.Thatnightwhenshegothomefromwork，shewasthinkingaboutthemoneyandwhattheladyhadwritten.Shewaswonderinghowtheladyknewhowmuchsheandherhusbandwereinneed.Withthebabytobebornnextmonth，itwasgoingtobehard.SheknewhowworriedherhusbandBryanAndersonwas，butnoweverythingisgoingtobeallright.【导读】经典名著《傲慢与偏见》情节富有喜剧性，语言机智幽默，是简·奥斯丁小说中最受欢迎的一部。阅读下面选取有关爱情的节选，对比中外文化中对爱情态度的异同。PrideandPrejudice(Excerpt)TheBennets'newneighbourItisatruthwellknowntoalltheworldthatanunmarriedmaninpossessionofalargefortunemustbeinneedofawife.Andwhensuchamanmovesintoaneighbourhood，evenifnothingisknownabouthisfeelingsoropinions，thistruthissocleartothesurroundingfamilies，thattheythinkofhimimmediatelyasthefuturehusbandofoneorotheroftheirdaughters.“MydearMr.Bennet，”saidMrs.Bennettoherhusbandoneday，“haveyouheardthatsomeoneisgoingtorentNetherfieldParkatlast？”“No，Mrs.Bennet，Ihaven't，”saidherhusband.“Don'tyouwanttoknowwhoisrentingit？”criedMrs.Bennetimpatiently.“Youwanttotellme，andIdon'tmindlistening.”Mrs.Bennetneedednofurtherencouragement.“Well，mydear，Ihearthathe'saveryrichyoungmanfromthenorthofEngland.ItseemshecametoseeNetherfieldonMondayandwassodelightedwithitthathearrangedtorentitatonce.Ofcourse，itisthefinesthouseinthearea，withthelargestgardens.Hisservantswillbeherebytheendoftheweek，andhewillbearrivingsoonafterwards！”“Whatishisname？”askedMr.Bennet.“Bingley.”“Ishemarriedorsingle？”“Oh，single，mydear，ofcourse!Asinglemanoflargefortune—hehasanincomeoffourorfivethousandpoundsayear.Howwonderfulforourgirls！”“Why?Howcanitaffectthem？”Mr.Bennetasked.“MydearMr.Bennet，”shereplied，“howcanyoubesoannoying!YoumustrealizeI'mthinkingofhismarryingoneofourdaughters.”“Isthathispurposeincomingtothearea？”“Hispurpose?No，ofcoursenot.Butit'sverylikelythathe'llfallinlovewithoneofthem.AndIwanthimtoseethegirlsassoonaspossible，beforeourotherneighboursintroducethemselves.Soyoumustvisithimassoonashearrives.”“Ireallydon'tseewhyIshould，”saidMr.Bennet.“Youandthegirlscanvisithim，orperhapsyoushouldsendthembythemselves.Yes，thatmightbebetter，asyou'reasattractiveasanyofthem，andMr.Bingleymightlikeyoubest.”“Mydear，youflatterme，”repliedhiswife，“Icertainlyhavebeencalledbeautifulinthepast，butIthinkawomanwithfiveadultdaughtersshouldstopthinkingofherownbeauty.Mr.Bennet，Ibegyoutovisithim.Youknowit'scorrectforthegentlemanofthefamilytovisitnewneighboursfirst.Isimplycannottakethegirlstoseehimunlessyouhavealreadymethim.”“Surelyyouworrytoomuchabouttherulesofpolitesociety.I'msureMr.Bingleywillbedelightedtoseeyouall.AndI'llwritehimafewlines，whichyoucangivehim，agreeinggladlytohismarryinganyofthegirls，althoughImustespeciallyrecommendmydearlittleLizzy.”“Ohno，Mr.Bennet！”gaspedMrs.Bennet，horrified.“Pleasedon'tdothat!AndLizzyisnobetterthantheothers，althoughIknowsheisyourfavourite.”“Ourdaughtersareallverysilly，ignorantgirls，it'strue.ButatleastLizzyisalittlemoreintelligentthanhersisters.”“Mr.Bennet，howcanyouspeaksounkindlyofyourownchildren?Ohdear，howillIfeel!Haveyounopityforme?Don'tyourealizehowIsuffer？”“Indeed，mydear，I'vesufferedwithyouforthela