中考英语专题复习名词 教案

初三英语复习教案：名词【学习目标】1、了解名词所包含的内容2、掌握各名词的用法3、运用各名词顺利完成试题【学习重难点】可数名词及其单复数不可数名词【教学内容】可数名词及其单复数可数名词有单复数之分。单数形式在前面加a/an，例如aboy,anEnglishboy;单数名词前面用a/an是由紧接着的单词的第一个因素决定的，如果是辅音，就用a,元音则用an,如abanana,anorange,ausefulbook,anEnglishbook;复数形式通常在词尾加入s/es,如pens,buses.可数名词的复数变化形式的变化规则变化：多数名词直接在名词后面加-s如：booksdesksfriendsrooms以o,s,x,ch,sh结尾的词加-es如:potatoesbusesboxeswatchesbrushes(以o结尾的名词复数形式初中阶段就只记住potatotomatohero(英雄)是加-es,其余的都是加-s,如：photoradio)以f/fe结尾的，把其改为v再加-es如：leaf-leaves,knife-knives,wife-wives.复数词尾s（或es）的读音方法如下表所示。复数词尾s（或es）的读音方法情况读法例词在[p][t][k][f]等清辅音后[s]cups,hats,cakes在[s][z][t][][F]等音后[iz]glasses,pages,oranges,buses,watches,faces在[b][d][][v]等浊辅音后[z]beds,dogs,cities,knivesF、以辅音字母加-y结尾的，把y改为i再加-es,如：baby-babies,country-countries.注意(以元音字母加y结尾的，直接加s即可)不规则变化：Child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth(3)单复数同形：deer-deer,sheep-sheep,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese(4)表示“某国人”的名词，其变化有三种情况：A、aJapanese—fiveJapanese(Chinese)B、aFrenchman—fourFrenchmen(Englishmen/Englishwomen)C、aGerman—twoGermans(Russian/American/Indian/Italian/Korean)2、可以修饰可数名词的词或短语One/two/three等数词；alotof,lotsof,some,many,afew,anumberof+复数名词。3、注意事项people表示“人，人们”时，是个复数名词，不能在其后加-s，谓语动词用复数形式family,class是集合名词，表示家庭/班级等集体时指单数，谓语动词的形式用单数；当表示家庭/班级的成员时指复数，谓语动词用复数形式。News,maths(math),glass是不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。以复数形式出现的名词。如：glasses,pants,shoes等，他们的量词通常为：apairofglasses,twopairsofpants,threepairsofshoes等。名词做形容词时，一般不用复数形式，如：一位十岁的女孩(aten-year-oldgirl),一家鞋铺（ashoeshop）;如果要表示复数，则把名词词组中的最后一个名词变成复数形式，如：三棵苹果树（threeappletrees）,这些男学生（theseboystudents）.例外：当man/woman做定语的时候与他们所修饰的名词的数相一样，如：两个男老师（twomenteachers）三个女医生（threewomendoctors）不可数名词不可数名词指物质名词、抽象名词和专有名词等，通常没有复数形式。其前面不用冠词a/an或数词直接修饰，但可用much,some,any,alotof,alittle,little,little,much等词修饰，还可用冠词/数词+量词/容器+of短语来修饰，如：apieceofbread,twopiecesofbread;aglassofwater,twoglassesofwater等。常用的不可数名词有moneyfoodmeatfishchickenporkbeefdrinkorangemilkteacokewaterricebreadhomeworknewspaperrainsnowwindcloudweatherairmathChinese专有名词表示具体的人，事物，地点或机构的专有名称的词叫专有名词，通常要大写单词的首字母。如：BillGates,Lily,theGreatWall,China,No.1MiddleSchool等。名词所有格有生命的或表时间的名词加-‘s,其中，不以s结尾的名词加-‘s,如：Lucy’smothertoday’snewsChildren’sDay;以S结尾的名词加-‘,如：twominutes’walk,Teachers’Day无生命的名词用of表示，如：thelegofthechair,amapofChina双重所有格：thebookofMary’s,afriendofmybrother’s【注意】如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示“分别有”，例如：John'sandMary'srooms（约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间）；Tom'sandMary'sbikes（两人各自的自行车）。两个名词并列，只有一个's，则表示“共有”，例如：JohnandMary'sroom（约翰和玛丽共有一间）；TomandMary'smother（即Tom与Mary是兄妹）。【当堂练习】写出下列词的正确形式复数形式face—()zoo—()photo—()hero—()potato—()tomamo—()belief—()box—()roof—()brush—()city—()key—()factory—()leaf—()thief—()wolf—()rose—()woman—()mouse—()goose—()sheep—()child—()翻译两头鹿三个中国人四片面包一双鞋Jim和Jane的书（两张表达方法）五个六岁的学生这个孩子的一个玩具二.单项填空1．Wherehaveyoubeen,Tim?I’vebeento______.A.theHenryhouseB.theHenryfamilyC.TheHenry’shomeD.Henry’s2．InEngland,if____isinthemiddleoftheday,theeveningmealiscalledsupper.A.foodB.lunchC.breakfastD.dinner3．Youlookedforittwice,butyouhaven’tfoundit.Whynottry____.A.threetimesB.athirdtimeC.thethirdtimeD.once4．Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem______?Certainly.A.somebottlesofwatersB.somebottlesofwaterC.somebottleofwaterD.somebottleofwaters5．Mikehurtoneofhis______intheaccidentyesterday.A.toothB.feetC.handD.ear6．Thereissome_______ontheplate.A.cakesB.meatC.potatoD.pears7．InEngland,thelastnameisthe_______.A.familynameB.middleC.givennameD.fullname8．Thearegoingtofly_______toBeijing.A.GermenB.GermanyC.GermanysD.Germans9．The______hastwo_______.A.boys;watchesB.boy;watchC.boy;watchesD.boys;watch10．Thelittlebabyhastwo_______already.A.toothB.toothsC.teethD.teeths11．What’syour_______forbeinglateagain?A.ideaB.keyC.excuseD.news12．It’sdangeroushere.We’dbettergooutquickly.ButIthinkweshouldlet_______gooutfirst.A.womanandchildrenB.womenandchildC.womanandchildD.womenandchildren13．YoucanseeMr.Smithifthereisasign“_______”onthedoorofhisshop.Thanks.A.ENTRANCEB.BUSINESSHOURSC.THISSIDEUPD.NOSMOKING14．Aretheygoingtohaveapicnicon_______?A.Children’sDayB.Childrens’sDayC.ChildrensDayD.ChildrenDay15．Wherearethestudents?Aretheyin_______?A.theRoom406B.Room406C.the406RoomD.406Room【课后作业】一、写出下列名词的复数形式：1.pencil-box___________2.wife_______3.Sunday________4.city______5.dress_______6.Englishman________7.match_______8.Chinese________9.zoo________10.exam________11.German__________二、单词拼写：12.Ihavealotof________(作业)todoeveryday.13.His_______(裤子)arenew,butmineareold.14.Itisthebestoneofthe_________(照片)inmyfamily.15.Aretheybuildingany_______(图书馆)inthecity?16.Canyoucutthisbigpearintotwo_______(半)?17.Attheendof_______(八月),youmustgetreadyforthenewschoolyear.18.Treesareplantedinmostofthemountainv________.19.Ilikea_______.It’sneitherhotnorcold.20.T_______comesafterMonday.△提高型1.June1stis____Dayallovertheworld.A.Child’sB.Childs’C.Children’sD.Childrens’2.September10this___DayinChina,isn’tit?A.Teacher’sB.Teachers’C.TeacherD.Teacherof3._____ismadeof_____.A.Glass;glassB.Aglass;glassC.Glasses;glassesD.Aglass;glasses4.Thisis_______news.A.suchagoodB.averygoodC.sogoodaD.suchgood5.What______itis!Let’sgoswimming.A.afineweatherB.finedayC.afinedayD.badweather6.TheylikeChinese_____.A.foodandpeoplesB.foodsandpeopleC.foodsandpeopleD.foodandpeople7.LucyandIgotoschool_____everyday.A.onfeetB.onfootC.byfootsD.bybuses8.–Arethose_____? -No,theyaren’t.They’re_____.A.sheep;cowsB.sheep;cowC.sheeps;cowD.sheeps;cows9.Whatareyoulisteningto,Jane?____or____?A.amusic;anewsB.music;newsC.music;newsD.music;anews10.Howmany____and____arethereinyourclass?A.boystudent;girlonesB.girlsstudents;boysonesC.boysstudent;girloneD.girlstudents;boyones11.Agroupof____aretalkingwithtwo___overthere.A.Frenchmen;GermansB.Frenchmen;GermenC.German;FrenchmenD.Germans;Frenchmans12.Thatbusdriverdranktwo_____.A.glassofwaterB.glassesofwatersC.cupsofteaD.cupoftea13.Mrs.Smithisanoldfriendof_______.A.Bob’smotherB.Bob’smother’sC.motherofBobC.Bobmother’s14.Thetallmanwithabignoseis_______teacher.A.TomandCarlB.Tom’sandCarl’sC.TomandCarl’s15.Thereis______treeinourschool.A.a8-metres-tallB.an-8-metre-tallC.an8metrestall△综合型1.In____time,thosemountainswillbecoveredwithtrees.A.fewyearB.afewyears’C.fewyearsD.afewyear’s2.Didyouhearthe______report?A.policeB.policemen’sC.policemans’D.policemens’3.Webought_____formymother’sbirthday.A.somemeatsB.somepiecesmeatC.apieceofmeatD.piecesofmeats4.–Whoseisthisnewdesk?-It’s_____.A.SueandJim’sB.SueandJimC.Sue’sandJim’s5.–Wouldyoulike_____coffee?-No,thanks.I’vedrunktwo__.A.any;bottlesoforangeB.little;bottleoforangesC.some;bottlesoforangeD.afew;bottleoforange6.–Howmany_____doyouwant?-Two,please.A.kilosofeggB.kiloofeggsC.kilosofeggsD.kiloofbread7.Therailwaystationistwo_____fromourhouse.A.hour’sdriveB.hours’driveC.hour-driveD.hoursdrive8.–Whereareyougoing,Lucy?-_______.A.TomyuncleB.Tomyuncle’sC.AtmyuncleD.Atmyuncle’s9.Haveyouread_____?A.anewspaperoftoday’sB.todaynewspaperC.apieceofnewspapertodayD.today’snewspaper10.There’realotof___downthere,buthardlyany___.A.horse;peopleB.horses;peoplesC.cow;peopleD.sheep;people11.Lucyputalotof____in____oftea.(2000西安)A.sugar;thetwocupB.sugars;thetwocupsC.sugar;thetwocupsD.sugars;twocups12.Mr.Linoftengivesus_______bye-mail.(2000上海)A.somegoodinformationB.somegoodinformationsC.goodinformationsD.agoodinformation13.–Isthisyourroom?-No,it’s_____room.A.thechildrenB.thechildren’sC.ofthechildrenD.thechildrens’14.–I’llgiveyou_____tofinishthework.-OK.A.twoweek’stimeB.twoweeks’timeC.twoweektimeD.twoweekstime15.–Whoisthemaninthebluecar?-Heis______father.A.Kate’sandMary’sB.KateandMary’sC.KateandMaryD.ofKateandMary16.–WhatcanIdoforyou?-I’dliketwo______.A.boxofappleB.boxesofapplesC.boxofapplesD.boxesofapple17.–Helpyourselftosome_________.-Thankyou.Ireallylikethem.A.fishB.orangeC.breadD.cakes18.ThisisanoldphotoofminewhenI_______.A.haveshorthairsB.hadshorthairsC.h