考研英语作文大全

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考研英语写作文章的常规整体构建模式

考研英语写作的文堂一般包括一个开头段、若干扩展段和一个结尾段。开头段和结尾段一般比扩展段短。各种段落的作用、特点和

写作方法如下所示。

1.开头段

开头段一定要语言精练，并且直接切入主题。开头段般不对主题进行深入的探讨，具体的论证或叙述应该在扩展段进行。•般在

开头段写四、五句即可。考生应注意以下若干要点：

1)开头段的作用

概括陈述主题，提出观点或论点，表明写作意图。

2)写开头段时考生应该避免的若干问题

①开头偏离主题太远；

②使用抱歉或埋怨之词句；

③内容不具体，言之无物：

④使用不言自明的陈述。

3)开头段的表达方法

①使用引语(useaquotation)

使用•段名人名言，或人们常用的谚语、习语，以确定文章的写作范围和方向。

例：

"Greatmindsmustbereadynotonlytotaketheopportunity,buttomakethem.''Colton,agreatwriteronceremarked.Butitstillhas

aprofoundsignificancenow.Toaperson,inwhoselifetimeopportunitiesarenotmany,tomakeopportunitiesismoreessentialtohis

success.

②使用具体详实的数字或数据(usefiguresorstatistics)

引用•些具体详实的数字或数据，然后作出概括性分析，指明问题的症结所在。

例：Inthepast5yearstherehasbeenamarkeddeclineinthenumberofyoungmarriedcoupleswhowanttohavechildren,

coupledwithagrowingtrendtowarddelayedchildbearing.Accordingtoofficialstatistics,in2003,about28percentofmarriedcouples

withwivesunder35gavenobirthtochildren,comparedwiththe1993levelof8percent.

③提出问题(askaquestion)

提出有争议或探讨性的具体问题，然后加以简要问答或展开引导性简短讨论。

例：Whatdoyouwantfromyourwork?Money?Promotions?Interestingchallenges?Continuallearning?Work-basedfriendships?

Theopportunitytodevelopyourownideaandpotentials?Thoughweareallindividualsandsoouranswerswilldiffer,allagreethat

workprovidemorethanmaterialthings.

④给出背景(offerrelevantbackground)

描述具体事件的时间、地点和发生背景等。

例：OnceinanewspaperIreadofacrowdofpeoplewhoremainedappallinglyindifferenttothepleaofamother.Asshefailedto

offertherequiredamountofcashasapricetosaveherdrowningson,thewomanatlastwatchedhersonsinktodeath.Thestoryis

notrareinnewspapersandonTV,andthecasualnessanddetachmentourpeoplenowhavedevelopedhasarousednationwide

concern.

⑤定义法(givedefinition)

针对讨论的主题或问题加以定义，然后进行深入探讨。

例：Flexibilityisdefinedasbeingadaptabletochange.Inthecourseofyourlifetime,itisessentialthatyoulearntobendandflex

aroundeverynewcircumstance,asrigiditydeprivesyouoftheopportunitytoseenewpossibilities.Paradigmschangeovertime,and

somustyou.Yourcompanymayrestructure,andyouwillhavetosurvive.Yourspousemaychoosetoleavethemarriage,andyouwill

havetocope.Technologywillcontinuetoadvanceandchange,andyoumustconstantlylearnandadaptorriskbecomingadinosaur.

Flexibilityallowsyoutobereadyforwhatevercurveliesaheadinlifeinsteadofgettingblindsidedbyit.

⑥主题句法(useoftopicsentence)

文章一开始就以主题句点明全文主题，然后围绕主题内容进行发展。例：

Nowpeoplebecomeincreasinglyawareoftheimportanceofacquiringamasteryofaforeignlanguage.Tothem,theknowledgeof

aforeignlanguage,say,English,oftenmeansagoodopportunityforone'scareer,evenapassporttoaprosperousfuture.Manyof

themequatesuccessinlifewiththeabilityofspeakingaforeignlanguage.

4)开头段的常用核心句型

Thearguermayberightabout...,buthe(takesintosaccount)thefactthat….入seemstoneglect(fail)tomention

AsbeliefZopposedto(Contraryto)widely(commonly/generally)held(accepted)(ideas/views),Ibelieve(argue)that...

Althoughmanypeoplebelievethat...,bearsmuchanalysis(close)」doubt(wonder)whethertheargumentexamination).

TheadvantagesofBoutweighanybenefitwegainedfrom(carrythanthoseof/aremuchgreaterthan)AAmoreweight

Althoughitisagreed)that...,itisXcommonly(widely/generally)held(felt/accepted/unlikelytobetruethat....

Thereisanelementoftruthinthisargumentadeeperandmorebasic(important/essential)X(statement),butitignoresfact

(reason)that....

Itistruethat(True,/Tobesure,/Admittedly,)...,say(itisunlikely/itdoesn'tfollow/itdoesn'tmean世utthisisnotto/itwon't

bethecase)that....

Themain(obvious/great)problem(flaw/argument(view/remark)isthatitisignorantofXdrawback)with(in)this(blindto)the

basic(bare)factthat....

Itwouldbepossible(natural/view)that...,butitwouldbeabsurdXreasonable)tothink(believe/takethe(wrong)toclaim(argue)

that....

Inallthediscussionanddebateover...,onegenerallyoverlooked(neglected).^important(basic)factis

Thereis/resist/^absolutely(infact)no(every)reasonforustobelieve(acceptreject)that....

Logical(Valid/Sound)asthisargumentandIwholeheartedlyit,itappearsinsignificant(absurd)when…is入agreewith

takensintosconsideration(account).

Toassume(suggest)that...isfarfromXbeingproved(tomissthepoint).

Aclose(careful)inspectionwouldrevealhowflimsy(groundlessX(examination/scrutiny)ofthisargument/fallacious)itis.

Onthesurface(Atfirstthought),it(this)mayseemaattractive)suggestion(solution/idea),butcarefulweighingonXsound(an

themind(oncloseranalysis/onsecondthought),wefindthat...

Toomuchto)...mayobscure^emphasisplacedon(attentionpaidto/importanceattached(overlook/neglect)otherfacts....

Thedanger(problem/fact/truth/Xpoint)isthat....

Whatthearguerfailstounderstand(consider/mention)Xisthat....

Wedon'thavetolookveryfartosee(findout)thetruththisargument(proposition)A(validity)of

Howeverjust(logical/soundthesurfaceoftheX/valid)thisargumentmaybe,itonlyskimsproblem.

Amongthemostconvincing(important)reasonsgiven(cited/offeredidentified)bypeoplefor...,oneshouldbestressed

(emphasized/X/mentioned).

XAsfarasIamconcerned,however,Ibelievethat....

I入believethatthetitlestatementisvalidbecause(of)....

IagreewiththeXabovestatementbecauseIbelievethat....

AlthoughIappreciatethat...,IXcannotagreewiththetitlestatement.

Thereisapubliccontroversyobjectto...arguethat....ButpeoplewhoXnowadaysovertheissueof....Thosewhofavor...,onthe

otherhand,arguethat....

Currently(Inrecentyears/Inthethereis(hasbeen)a(n)generaIXpastfewyears/Formanyyearsnow),(widespread/growing/

widelyheld)feelingtowards(concernover/attitudetowards/trendtowards/awarenessof/realizationof/illusionof/beliefin)....

Nowitiscommonly(widelylgenerally/increasingly)believedheldIaccepted/felt/recognized/acknowledged)that....But

IX(thought/wonder(doubt)whether....

Thesedaysweareoftentoldthat(oftenhearthecase?入about)…，butisthisreally

2.中间段

中间段是文章的正文，其作用是从不同的层ifii对文章主题进行具体和详实的解释和论证。

1)中间段的一般特征

①篇幅一般比开头段和结尾段长。

②每段有相应的主题句。

③包含定义、解杼、描写,说明主题思想的扩展句可以采用实例、数据或个人经历等写作手段。

④不同种类的段落采用不同的扩展手段。

2)中间段的具体特点

①所涉及内容应该准确、洁楚，颇具说服力：

②段落中•定具备主题句；

③段落内容应该保持完整、统一，没有说明不足之处或多余冗长的细节：

④内容顺序安排合理，逻辑性较强；

⑤段落之间连贯自然：

⑥段落中讨论的内容主次分明，材料比例适当：

⑦词与句型运用合理并且有变化。

3)中间段展开的基本方法

①列举法

例文：

Thereareanumberofwaysforustokeepfit.First,nomatterhowbusyweare,weshouldhaveexerciseeverydaytostrengthen

ourmuscles.Second,itisimportanttokeepgoodhours.Forexample,ifweareinthehabitofgoingtobedearlyandgettingupearly,

wecanavoidoverworkingourselvesandgetenoughsleep.Finally,entertainmentisalsonecessarysothatwemayhavesome

momentsofrelaxation.Ifwefollowthoseinstruction.Wewillcertainlybeingoodhealth.

②比较对比法

例文：

Theolderformofcommunicationisspeech.Inthebeginningofhumanhistory,peoplecouldonlyusedirectverbalspeechto

communicate.Butithadmanyshortcomings.Forinstance,wecouldnotspeaktoapersonfarawaywhenweneeded.Sodistancewas

aproblem.Andthespokenwordcouldnotbekeptsecreteasily.Sopeoplewantedtoinventanewmethodofcommunication.Thenext

bigstepforwardincommunicationwastheinventionofwriting.Writingisoneofhumanbeing'smostimportantinventions.Itsolvedthe

problemofdistanceandkeepingsecrets,butittoohaddisadvantages.Thewrittenwordcouldnotbepassedonquickly,sopeople

triedtofindanewquickermethodofcommunication.

Themostrecentdevelopmenthadbeenelectronicmeansofcommunication,includingthewirelesstelegraph,radio,telephone

andtelevision.Theinventionanduseofelectronicmeanshassolvedalltheproblemsmentionedabove.Theyarethemosteffective

methodsofcommunication.Peoplewillcertainlytrytheirbesttoinventevenmoremodemandusefulmethods.

③因果法

例文：

ThehamburgeristhemostpopularfooditemintheUnitedStates.EveryyearAmericansconsumebillionsofthem.Theyaresold

inexpensiverestaurantsandinhumblediners.Theyarecookedathomeonthekitchenstoveoroverabarbecuegrillinthebackyard.

Whyaretheysopopular?

First,ahamburgerisextremelyeasytoprepare.Itisnothingmorethanapieceofgroundbeef,cookedforafewminutes.Thenitis

placedinaslicedbun.Nothingcouldbesimpler.Evenanunskilledcookcanturnouthundredsoftheminanhour.Besidesthat,the

simplehamburgercanbevariedinmanyways.Youcanmeltsomecheeseontopofthebeeftocreateacheeseburger.

Youcanalsoaddsomegrilledbaconforaninterestingflavorcontrast.Inaddition,youcangarnishthehamburgerwithotherthings

suchaslettuce,tomato,onion,mushrooms,avocado,pickles,hotpepper,ketchup,relish,mayonnaise,mustardorwhateveryouwish!

④例证法

例文：

ThesayingMNopains,nogainsisuniversallyacceptedbecauseoftheplainyetphilosophicalmoralitteaches:ifonewantsto

achievesomething,hehastoworkandtoleratemorethanothers.Thesayingistrueofanypursuitmanseeks.Acaseinpointisboxing.

Whileweheapcheersonthewinner,fewhappentoimaginethathisgoldbeltiswonatthecostofhissweat,tears,blood,evenlife

overyearsbeforethearrivalofthatexcitingmoment.

⑤发展过程法

例文：

Tobuildyourownsunscope,getacartonandcutaholeinoneside,bigenoughtopokeyourheadthrough.Pastewhitepaperon

theinsidesurfacethatyouwillbefacing.Thenpunchapinholesintostheoppositesidehighenoughsothatthelittleshaftoflightwill

missyourhead.Forasharperimageyoucanmakeabetterpinholebycuttingaone-inchsquareholeinthecarton,tapingapieceof

aluminumfoiloverthishole,andthenmakingthepin-holeinthefoil.Finally,tapetheboxshutandcoveralllightleakswithblacktape.

⑥定义法

例文：

Diligenceisthekeytosuccess.Itmeanspersistentworkanddoesnotmeanthatwearetoexertourselvesalldayandnight

withoutrest,withoutfoodandwithoutsleep.Thetruemeaningofdiligenceisthecarefuluseoftimeforthepurposeofimprovement,or

toworkpersistentlywithoutanywasteoftime.

⑦分类法

例文：

Nowadaysthenewsmediamainlyconsistsofradio,televisionandnewspapers.Eachtypehasitsownadvantagesand

disadvantages.Newspapersaretheoldestformforcommunicatingthenews.Todaymanypeoplestillbegintheirdaybyreadingthe

morningpaperwhileshavingsbreakfast,andendtheirdaybyreadingtheeveningpaperwhileshavingsdinner.

Theinventionoftheradiohashadatremendousinfluenceontheworld.Itisabletobringup-to-minutenewstodistantplacesina

matterofseconds.Thusthedevelopmentoftheradiohasmadetheworldasmallerplace.

Televisionisthemostrecentlydevelopeddeviceforcommunication.Itallowsustoseeaswellastohearthenews.Thefactthatit

enablespeopletoseevisualimageshashadaconsiderableeffectonourperceptionsofworldevent.

4)中间段的常用核心句型

Althoughthepopularbeliefis(survey/poll/investigation)Xthat...,acurrent(new/recent)studyindicates(shows/demonstrates)

that....

XCommonsensetellsusthat....

入Theincrease(change/failure/success)in...mainly(largely/partly)resultsfrom(arisesfrom/isbecauseof)....

Theincrease(change/failure/attributableto)thefactthat....?vsuccess)in...isdueto(owingto/

ManyXpeoplewouldclaimthat....

Onemayattribute(ascribe/owe)theincreasebut...isnotbyitselfanadequateexplanation.X(decrease/change)to...,

kOneofthereasonsgivenfor...isthat....

WhatisalsoworthnoticingisXthat....

Therearemany(different/several/anumberof/avariety(reasons)forthisdramatic(marked/significant)growth(change

Aof)causesdecline/increase)in....First,....Second.....Finally,....

ThereisnoevidenceXtosuggestthat....

Whyare(is/do/did)...?Foronething.....For九another,….

XAnotherreasonwhyIdisputetheabovestatementisthat....

Xltgivesriseto(leadto/bring/create)ahostofproblems(consequences).

Therearenumerousreasonswhy...,andIshallhereexplorethemostimportantones.Zonlyafewof

Itwillexert(have/produce)considerable/beneficial/favorable/^profound(far-reaching/remarkable/undesirable/disastrous)

effect(influence)on....

Amultitudeoffactorsin/influence)theXcouldaccountfor(contributeto/leadto/resultchange(increase/decrease/success/

failure/development)in....

In2000,thetotal(toXitincreased(rose/jumped/shotup)from5to10percentof15percent/by15percent).

Bycomparisonwith2002,itdecreased(dropped/percent(to15percent/by15percent).Xfell)from10to5

ItaccountsZfor15percentofthetotal.

Therewere100trafficaccidentsinApril,anfive-monthperiodAincreaseof5percentina

By2002,only(lessthan/threequarters(40percentofXmorethan/almost/about/over/asmanyas)/oneoutoffive/onein

four)collegepopulation(graduates/housewives)asagainst(ascomparedwith)lastyear(2002)preferredto(liked)....

Withthe^development(improvement/rise/growth/generalrecognition/acknowledgement/realization)of...,vastchanges

awaitsthiscountry'ssociety.

入Nowpeopleingrowing(ever-increasing/significant)numbersarebeginning(coming/getting)tobelieve(realize/recognize/

understand/accept/see/beaware)that....

Accordingtoa(n)recent(new/official)poll)，….Xstudy(survey/report/

History(Oursociety)isfilled九(abounds)withtheexamplesof....

Thestory(case/instance/situation)itisoneofmanyexamples(typicalof入isnotrare(isolated/unique),dozens).

A(one)recent(new/general/nationwide)study(survey/pollinvestigation)conducted(taken)atauniversityby(officials/

scientists^/experts)indicates(reveals/suggests/shows/proves/demonstrates)that....

Accordingto(Ascanbeseenin/Asisshownin)thefigures/findings/data/graph/table)released入(statistics(provided)bythe

government(aninstitute),itcanbelearned(seen/predicted)that....

ThereevidenceXis(no)good(every/little/sufficient/considerable/strong)(proof)to

Personalexperience(ExamplesIheard/readof)leadsmetothat….入conclude

ZWemustadmittheundeniablefactthat....

NoonecanfactXdeny(ignore/doubt/overlook/obscure/brushaside)thethat....

入Experience(Evidence)suggests(shows)that....

Takefor^example…who(that)....

入Thesameistrueof....

Asthesaying九goes,：..”

3.结尾段

结尾段的写作方法可以归纳为F列若干种：

1)总结归纳

简要总结归纳文章要点，以便深化主题印象.

例：InconclusionIwouldliketosaythatchangeisaproblemconfrontingmostofustoday.Thechangeswhichhavealreadytaken

placeineveryfieldofourlifeareirreversible.Continuationofthegrowthwhichhasalreadybegunisinevitable.Duringthisevolution

therearegreatrewardstobewon-bythosewhoarewillingtotaketheopportunitiesbeingoffered.

2)筮中主题

再次强调和确定文章开头阐述的中心思想。

例：Admittedly,sciencehascreatedatomicbombsandproducedpervasivepollution.Butithastransformedthelivesofmillionsof

people.Ithasmultipliedman'senergy,hopes,ambitionsandunderstanding.Ithaselevatedandwillcontinuetoelevateman

intellectuallyandspiritually.

3）预测展里

立足当前，放眼未来。

例：Itistimethatthegovernmentshouldspeakoutagainstcorruptionandtakestrongactiontopunishwhoevertakesbribesor

embezzlesfund.Forpresentofficialcorruption,ifpermittedtocontinue,willnotonlytarnishthegovernment'spopularity,butleadtoits

ultimatedownfall.

4)提出建议

提出解决问题的途径、方法或呼吁人们采取相应的行动。

例：Collegeathleticsplayssuchavitalrolethatitdeservescloseattentionandpersistenteffort.Itissuggestedthatphysical

trainingshouldberegardedasarequiredcoursewedgedsintoscollegecurricula,howevercrowdeditmaybe,andthatafairshareof

collegebudgetshouldbedevotedtoathleticprograms.Wesincerelyhopethatthissuggestionwillbeacommitmentthatallcolleges

anduniversitieswilltakeup.

5)提出问题

提出具有发人深省的问题，从而突出中心思想,

例：Oldpeoplemaychoosetolivealoneforthemselvesandevenembracethislivingpattern.Butinthedeeppartoftheirhearts,

theymustfeellonely.Theyneedtheirchildrentostaywith,totalkwith,andtakecareofthem.Whycan'tyoungpeoplethinkofthedays

whentheyaregettingold?

6)引用格言

用格言、谚语或习语总括全文中心思想。

例：Manyyeasago,agreatphilosopherFrancisBaconremarkedthat"Knowledge...ispower.'Thiscannowbe

translatedsintoscontemporaryterms.Inoursocialsetting,"Knowledgeischange"——andacceleratingknowledge-acquisition,fuelingthe

greatengineoftechnology,meansacceleratingchange.

7)结尾段的核心句型

Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove/Judgingfromallevidenceoffered),X(Takingsintosaccountallthesefactorswemaysafely

draw(reach/cometo/arriveat)theconclusionthat....

AllpointsXtheevidence(analysis)supports(justifies/confirms/warrants/to)a(n)unshakable(unmistakable/sound/just)

conclusionthat....

ItisemphasisXhightimethatweplace(lay/put)great(special/considerable)ontheimprovement(development/increase/

promotion)of....

Itishightimeundesirable/deplorable)入thatweputanendtothedeep-seated(unhealthy/situation(tendency/phenomenon)

of....

Wemustlook(search/call/cry)measure),becausethepresent(current)kforanimmediateaction(method/situation

(phenomenon/tendency/state/attitude)of...,ifpermitted(allowed)tocontinue(proceed),willsurely(certainly)leadto(resultin)the

end(destruction/heavycost)of....

Thereisnoeasy(immediate/effective)remedy)totheproblemof...,but...mightbeusefuIXsolution(approach/answer/(helpful

/beneficial).

Noeasymethod(solution/recipe/remedy)canbeatguaranteed)tosolve(resolve/tackle)theproblemof...,butXhand(found/

thecommon(general/public)recognitionof(realizationof/awarenessof/commitmentto)thenecessity(importance/significance)

of...mightbethefirststeptowardschange(ontherightway/intherightdirection).

Following(solutionto)...入thesemethods(suggestions)maynotguaranteethesuccessinbutthepay-offwillbeworththeeffort.

Obviously(Clearly/Nodoubt),ifthereiseverychancethat…入weignore(areblindto)theproblem.

UnlessverylikelyXthereisacommonrealizationof(generalcommitmentto)...,itis(thechancesaregood)that....

Thereislittledoubt(nodenying)thatseriousimmediate/further)attentionmustbecalled(paid爪(special/adequate/devoted)

totheproblemof....

Itisnecessary(essential/fundamental)thataction(steps/measures/remedies)shouldbeXeffective(quick/proper)takento

prevent(correct/check/end/fight)thesituation(tendency/phenomenon).

Itishoped(suggested/recommended)thatgreat(continuous//sustained/corporate)effortsshouldbemadetocontrol

(checkZ/tpersistenthalt/promote)thegrowth(increase/rise)of....

Itishopedthatgreatfocusedon)finding(developingAeffortsshouldbedirectedto(expendedon//improving)....

Itremainstobeseenwhether...,buttheprospect(outlook)isencouraging(thatrosy).knotquite

Anyhow,wider(more)education(potential/grave/serious爪(publicity)shouldbegiventothepossiblepernicious)

consequences(effects)of....

Toreverse(check/control)theeasyjob),anditrequires(demandsXtrend(tendency)isnotalighttask(an/involves/entails)a

differentstateofmindtowards(attitudetowards/outlookon)....

XForthesereasons,Istronglyrecommendthat....

Forthereasonsgivenabove,Ifeelkthat....

4.段落扩展中的常用词语

1)总结关系过渡词语

generallyspeaking,generally,asageneralrule,ingeneral,onalargerscale,totaketheideafurther,totaketheaboveopinionto

anextreme,inasense,inonesense,inaway,tosomeextent,inmyopinion,inmyview,asforme,asfarasIamconcerned,

obviously,undoubtedly,intermsof,inconclusion,inshort,inbrief,insummary,inaword,onthewhole,tosumup,toconclude

2)比较对比关系过渡词语

similarly,likewise,like,too,equallyimportant,thesameas,incommon,inthesameway,onthecontrary,ontheonehand,onthe

otherhand,otherwise,insharpcontrast,whereas,ratherthan,conversely,instead,in/bycontrast,but,however,yet,nevertheless

3)列举关系过渡词语

forexample,forinstance,asanexample,asacaseinpoint,suchas,namely,thatis,like,thus,first,second,third,finally,inthe

firstplace,initially,firstofall,tobeginwith,tostartwith,whatismore,furthermore,eventually,besides,inaddition(tothat),firstand

foremost,lastbutnotleast,next,also,moreover,foronething,foranother

4)因果关系过渡词语

because(of),as,since,for,owingto,dueto,thanksto,onaccountof,asaresultof,resultin(from),consequently,forthereason

that,asaconsequence,consequently,iffollowsthat,accordingly,therefore,hence

5)让步关系过渡词语

although,eventhough,afterall,inspiteof,despite,grantedthat

6)强调关系过渡词语

anyway,certainly,surely,obviously,tobesure,especially,particularly,aboveall,indeed,infact,evenworse,needlesstosay,

mostimportantofall,nodoubt

五、考研英语写作程序

由于时间的限制及题型的要求，考生必须遵循•定的写作程序并且合理地分配时间，以便从容地完成较高水平的写作。下面的考研

英语写作程序及时间分配，供考生参考并灵活地加以运用。

1.审题过程(2-3分钟)

所谓“审题”，就是仔细地研究、理解题目，即根据题目所提供的条件和要求，来确定文章的内容、体裁和写法。这一过程直接关系到

写作的成败，即是否“切题二审题应该包含下列四个方面：

1)审文体

文体是对文章的•种规格要求，不同的文体，在写作上有不同的规格要求。命题作文•般采用议论文文体；规定情景作文通常以描

写文、叙述文为主；图表作文通常采用说明文；然而，段首句作文，应视具体内容而定。

2)审内容

了解题目在内容方面的要求决定写什么，这是审题的关键。

3)审材料

审查考题在选材范围方面的要求，考题对材料有特定的限制，故考生应在题目限制的范围内选取材料。

简言之，选材的•般要点包含：

①选择真实的材料；

②选择典型的材料：

③选择鲜活的材料；

④选择最能展现主题的材料。

4）审要求

审查考题在格式、字数、时间、内容等诸多方面的具体要求。

总之,如果审题不当,文章跑题；审题不周，文不切题：审题不全,遗漏重点。因此,考生一定要严把审题关。

2.构思过程（57分钟）

一旦确定了主题，就开始构思选材。选材的思路围绕题目、提示、数据、图形和所给的提纲来进行。考生应从自己所熟悉的素材中

筛选卅最能表达和说明主题的内容，思路要灵活，想象要丰富，同时要有创新，避免落入写作俗套。在此基础上，草:拟出作文提纲，提

纲要简明扼要，能抓住段落主题。同时，考生对文章段落展开的方法、过渡句和句型等也要有所考虑。

从历年考研英语写作试题来分析，写作题目大多已给出了基本的提纲或相应的要求。在这种情况下，考生可将给出的提纲扩展成相

应的主题句，这样便迅速地拟出了一个详细且完整的写作提纲。

拟出带有主题句的具体提纲,才能围绕主题句构思出要写的内容，选出展现主题的最佳素材，形成•条清楚的写作主线，然后根据

主线具体地提出和卜可答what,who,when,how,why等一系列考题规定的问题。

3.下笔创作过程（20-25分钟）

卜.笔创作过程即段落的展开，考生要用贴切的词与句将自己的所思所想所感一层层地明确表达出来。

考生要注意以下几点：

1）段落应有段落的主题，并且段落中所涉及的内容都是为文章主题服务的。

2）写初稿时要•气呵成，尽量不使用自己没有把握的词语或句型。

3）在卜.笔创作的过程中可以适当修改提纲，注意不要脱离主题。

4）注意利用过渡词和过渡句使句子和段落结构严谨连贯，也使内容更易于展开。

4.检查与修改过程（3-5分钟）

初稿•定存在着某些不妥之处，故需要最后订正。

首先检查内容是否切题，论点是否明确，论据是否充分，结论是否合理，然后检查语法是否正确，语句是否通顺，用词是否贴切，

数字是否准确，表达是否恰当，拼写是否正确，标点是否得当等等。

六、考研英语写作常见题型

如果考生想在较短的时间内对考研英语写作有•所认识、有所突破，苜先应该了解考研英语写作常见题型，并弄懂各种题型的写作技

巧，然后进行有针对性的练习，并且研读相关范文。考研英语写作中的常见题型如卜.：

1.提纲题型写作

1）写作要点

①认真研究所给提纲

考生要注意领会提纲的含义，不要遗漏提纲要点或错误理解提纲的意思。

②确定各段的主题句

考生应根据所给提纲写出各段的主题句，合格的主题句应具备以卜四个要点：

•意义完整主题句结构要完整，即结构符合语法规则；意义要完整，即主题句是”个符合逻辑的完整命题。

•表意清晰主题句要清晰明确，不使用意思含混的词或句子。

•内容具体主题句的内容要明确具体.否则不利于段落的拓展。

•用词贴切主题句一定要用词准确，简明达意，使段落的拓展有一个良好的基础。

③逐步展开段落

段落写作应围绕自己列好的主题句进行，在写作过程中可稍加调整,

④检查与修改

检查考题所给提纲是否准确且完整地被表达于文章之中，如有偏差，应作出相应的修改。

2）提纲题型写作试题实例①写作题目Title:THE-PROJECTHOPE'Outline:

1.Presentsituation

2.Necessityoftheproject

3.Mysuggestion

②参考范文：

Educationplaysaverysignificantroleinthemodernizationofourcountry.Thereare,however,stillalargenumberofschool-agers

inremoteandisolatedruralareaswhocan'taffordtogotoschoolbecauseoftheirfinancialpredicament.Thisisaveryserious

problemwhichneedstoberesolvedassoonaspossible.Thus,theChineseauthoritieshaveworkedoutaplantoassistthem

financially,whichiscalled**ProjectHope".

Thisproject,Idobelieve,isofmostimportanceandnecessity.Tobeginwith,asadevelopingcountry,Chinaisunlikelytoinjecta

hugeamountofmoneyineducationatpresent.Soeducationhastoturntothegeneralpublictofinditswayout.Secondly,withthe

financialassistanceofthegeneralpublic,manyofthepoorchildrenwhohavedroppedoutofschoolcangobacktogoonwiththeir

schooling.Thiswill,inturn,contributeagreatdealtotheexpansionoftheruraleconomyinourremoteandisolatedruralareas.

Apparently,theProjectHopeisofprofoundsignificanceforthemodernizationofourcountry.

Asforme,auniversitystudent,mysuggestionsareasfollows.Inthefirstplace,ourgovernmentshouldencouragemoreofthe

publicincitiestofinancetheproject.Inaddition,itismostnecessarytosetupaspecialfoundationtoreceivethecontributionsd