高考英语一轮复习提能练十八Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour含解析

PAGEPAGE9Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumourⅠ.阅读理解(2020·淄博市高三模拟)PearlFryarknewhewantedtodosomethinguniquewiththefarmlandheboughtinSouthCarolina.Hewantedtowinthelocalgardenclub's“YardoftheMonth”award.Fryardidn'thavethemoneytopurchasenewtrees，sohebeganbyusingbushesandshrubsthatalocalnurseryhadthrownaway—plantsthatlookeddeadtomostpeople.Becauseheworkedatacanfactoryduringtheday，Fryaroftentendedhisgardenatnight.Neighborsgotusedtoseeinghimstandontheladder，cuttinghissteadilygrowingbushes.Theshrubsbegantotakeondifferentshapes.Astheyearswentby，thecreationsbecamemoredelicate.Fryarbeganplantingtreesandusingzipties，coathangers，PVCpipe，andevenhiswife'soldstockingstoachievetheformshewanted.“Hehasawayofhandlingplantstodothingshewantsthemtobytraining，bending，wiring，andclipping，”saidaneighbor.ManyprofessionalgardenersareamazedbywhatFryarhasbeenabletoaccomplish.Someplantswhichwouldn'tsurviveintheSouththrivedunderhiscare.Fryar'sattentiontodetailandhiswillingnesstoworkhardhavemadehimalocalhero.HewasthefirstAfricanAmericantowin“YardoftheMonth”fromthelocalgardenclub.Fryar'sgardennowincludesabout400speciesofplantsand150differentplantsculptures.Aboxfordonationscanbefoundontheproperty，butgivingisoptional.Fryarwelcomespeoplewhocan'taffordtopay.Heunderstands.He'sbeenthere.“Youcanbesomebody，”hetellsstudentswhovisitthegarden.“Showmeanyonewhoworksatanythingwithapassionandhaspatience，andthey'regoingtobesuccessful.Bestrongenoughnottoletthebarriersinlifestopyou.”语篇解读文章属于记叙文。PearlFryar对园艺很感兴趣，他利用被扔掉的灌木打造独特的园林，成为第一个从当地园艺俱乐部赢得“本月之园”奖的非裔美国人。1．HowdidFryarmakehisgardenunique?A．Hemadetheplantsintodifferentshapes.B．Heboughtnewtreesfromalocalnursery.C．Heusedhisprofessionalknowledge.D．Heaskedhisneighborstocuthisbushes.A[考查细节理解。根据第三段的“Neighborsgotusedtoseeinghimstandontheladder，...toachievetheformshewanted”可知，Fryar用很多方式使他的植物长成不同的形状，变得独一无二。]2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thrived”inparagraph4mean?A．Diedaway. B．Becameweak.C．Fadedslowly. D．Grewstrong.D[考查词义猜测。画线词前面的句子提到许多专业园艺师对Fryar的成就感到惊讶，由此判断，他有非凡的园艺技术，能够化腐朽为神奇，故画线词所在句子应表示一些在南方无法生存的植物在他的照料下也茁壮成长，D项表意符合语境。thrive“兴旺，欣欣向荣，茁壮成长”。]3．WhatmadeFryarwintheaward?A．Passionandinnovation.B．Patienceandgenerosity.C．Ambitionandsympathy.D．Willingnessandhonesty.A[考查推理判断。根据文中的信息可知，Fryar对园艺充满热情，并且有自己的想法，敢于尝试，勇于创新，由此可知，他的热情和创新是他获奖的关键。]4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．MakingaManintoaHeroB．TheHardLifeofPearlFryarC．TransformingaGardenintoArtD．TheFirstManof“YardoftheMonth”C[考查标题判断。文章主要讲述了PearlFryar通过自己的努力、热情和创新把奄奄一息的植物变为艺术品，把自己的园圃打造得独一无二，令人赞叹。C项“TransformingaGardenintoArt”体现了文章的主旨。]Ⅱ.七选五(2021·山西省重点中学高三联考)Youhaveprobablyheardthesaying，“Itisbettertogivethantoreceive.”Theactofgivingcreatespositivefeelingsforboththegiverandthereceiver.__1__Givingcannotonlybringpositivefeelingsforthereceiver，butithasalsobeenshowntobeamoodbooster(助推器)forthegiver.Forexample，astudypublishedinNatureCommunicationsfoundthattheparticipantswhochosetospendmoneyonothersratherthanthemselveshadagreaterincreaseinlevelsofselfreportedhappiness.__2__Becauseyou'llcreatepositiveenergywhensaying“Yes”．Givingimprovesyouremotional(情感的)andphysicalhealth.__3__Givingcancreatepositivebenefitstoyourphysicalhealthandwellbeingaswell，includingdecreasedstress，loweredbloodpressure，andevenincreasedlifelength.Arecentstudyfoundthatpeoplewhovolunteeredevenafewhoursaweekwere40percentlesslikelytodevelophighbloodpressurethanthosewhodidn't.Givingincreasesfeelingsofappreciation.Boththegiverandthereceivercanexperienceakindofgratefulnesswhengenerosityisatplay.Whyisthissoimportant？Becauseappreciationisimportanttoyourphysical，emotional，andspiritualwell­being.__4__Givingcanchangetheworld.Allgreatchangestartswithsmallactions.Yourgenerosityhasthepotentialtoaffectmassivechangeinthelivesofotherpeopleandcreatures.Forexample：Youvolunteeratyourlocalanimalsheltertoaccompanyhomelessdogs.Becausethesedogshavereceivedextralove，theyarehappier.Becausetheyarehappier，theyaremorelikelytobeadopted.__5__Itsetsoffachainofsmallyetmeaningfulactionsthatleadtobigchange.A.Givingmakesyouhappier.B．Givingleavesyoumoreenergetic.C．Thissituationshowshowgivingworks.D．Thus，manypeoplechoosetogiveratherthantotake.E．That'swhytellingpeopleyouaregratefulissoimportant.F.Thebenefitsofgivingextendbeyondyouremotionalhealth.G．Sonodwhenyourneighborasksyoutojoinabeachcleanupactivity.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。讲述了给予的一些益处。1．A[考查段落主旨句。本空是第二段的主题句，通读该段可知，作者主要讲述了给予不仅使得接受者心情愉悦，而且也提升给予者的情绪。文中的“theparticipantswhochose...hadagreaterincreaseinlevelsofselfreportedhappiness”举例说明了主题，故选A。]2．G[考查细节支撑句。根据空后的“whensaying‘Yes’”可知，空处内容应涉及被人请求帮忙或者给予，故G项“因此当你的邻居想要你加入清理沙滩的活动时点头同意”符合语境。]3．F[考查细节支撑句。根据本段的主题句可知，本段主要讲述“给予提升情感和身体健康”，空后的“Givingcancreatepositivebenefitstoyourphysicalhealthandwellbeingaswell，includingdecreasedstress，loweredbloodpressure，andevenincreasedlifelength”说明给予对身体健康有益，那么本空应涉及情感或心理健康，故F项“给予的益处不仅仅局限于情感健康”符合语境。]4．E[考查细节支撑句。根据前一句可知，感恩对身体、情感和精神健康都很重要，因此E项“那就是为什么告诉人们你的感激之情是如此重要”承接上文。]5．C[考查承上启下句。本段讲述给予能改变世界。空前举例说明一个人小小的善举是如何给人和生物带来巨大改变的，故C项“这种情况说明了给予是如何起作用的(即改变世界)”承接上文的例子，并引出下文更具体的解释——它(指给予)引发一连串微小但有意义的行动，这些行动会带来巨大变化。]Ⅲ.完形填空(2020·青岛高三练习诊断)Thevictimswerecarriedinonebyone，theirpawsandfurburned，sufferingfromdehydration(脱水)andfear.Theircaretakers__1__theirwounds，and__2__theminbasketswiththeonlythingthatwas__3__—theleavesoftheeucalyptustree(桉树).Asmiserablefireshave__4__morethan2millionacresinAustralia，onlydozensofkoalashavebeen__5__fromthesmokytreesand__6__ground.Koalas，unlikekangaroos，birdsorsnakes，donot__7__fromfiresbutinsteadclimbtreestothetop，wheretheycancurlthemselvesintoaballfor__8__ andwaitforthedangerto__9__．Butduringbigfires，suchasthosethathaveburnedinrecentweeks，theanimalsarefarlesslikelyto__10__．Evenifthefireitselfdoesnotreachthetree__11__，theanimalsmayoverheatandfalltotheground，wheretheycanbeburnedtodeath.Thetoughsituationofthekoalahasraised__12__amongscientistsandconservationists(环保主义者).Whilekoalashavedevelopedtoexistalongsidethewildfires，theyarefacingnew__13__，notjustfromclimatechangebutalsofromhumandevelopment，whichhasdislocatedkoalas'populations，__14__theirabilitytosurvivefires.Wehavethese__15__animalsnotfoundanywhereelseonthisplanet，andwearekillingthem.Thisisabigwake­upcall.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了澳大利亚森林大火对考拉以及其生存环境所造成的影响。1．A.touched B．treatedC．ignored D．discoveredB[根据首句“Thevictimswerecarried...theirpawsandfurburned”以及设空前的“caretakers”可以推断，护理人员们会治疗这些考拉。treat在此处表示“医治；治疗”。]2．A.threw B．lockedC．laid D．forcedC[结合句意以及设空后的“inbaskets”可知，护理人员们医治受伤的考拉，把它们放在篮子里。laid为lay的过去式，意为“搁，放置”。]3．A.familiar B．plentifulC．beautiful D．expensiveA[上文提到考拉被救助，结合语境和常识可知，篮子里放的桉树叶应该是考拉熟悉的事物。familiar“熟悉的，常见到的，常听说的”；plentiful“大量的，充足的，丰富的”；expensive“昂贵的，花钱多的”。]4．A.reached B．leftC．burned D．trappedC[根据首句中的“burned”以及下文的“smokytrees”可知，大火烧毁了大片的森林。reach“达到，增加到”；burn“烧坏，烧伤，烧死”；trap“卡住，夹住，绊住”。]5．A.killed B．recognizedC．hurt D．rescuedD[根据第二段描述的内容可知，考拉只会爬到树顶，将身体蜷缩成球状，故大火会造成很多考拉丧生，只有少数被救。故选D。]6．A.flat B．blackC．broad D．safeB[根据上文出现的“burned”“miserablefires”“smokytrees”可知，火势凶猛，故地面也被烧得发黑。故选B。]7．A.escape B．dieC．suffer D．riseA[根据设空前的“unlikekangaroos，birdsorsnakes”以及设空后的“climbtreestothetop”可知，考拉不像袋鼠、鸟、蛇一样，能够从大火中逃脱。escape“逃跑；逃走；逃出”。]8．A.balance B．protectionC．challenge D．comfortB[根据语境可知，在大火中，考拉爬到树顶，将身体蜷缩成球状以保护自己。balance“均衡，平衡，均势”；protection“保护，防卫”；challenge“挑战”；comfort“舒服，安慰，慰藉”。]9．A.attack B．comeC．pass D．avoidC[面对危险境地，考拉无能为力，只能等着危险过去。pass在此处表示“结束，完结”，符合语境。]10．A.jump B．climbC．fall D．surviveD[根据设空前的“haveburnedinrecentweeks”以及下文的“theanimalsmayoverheatandfalltotheground，wheretheycanbeburnedtodeath”可知，这些动物很难存活下来。jump“跳，跳跃”；climb“攀登，爬”；survive“生存，存活”。]11．A.top B．leaveC．trunk D．rootA[根据第二段中的“climbtreestothetop”可知，此处表示即使大火不会烧到树顶，考拉也会受到地面大火的烘烤，甚至掉到地上从而被烧死。]12．A.passion B．concernC．fear D．interestB[结合语境以及设空前的“toughsituation”，设空后的“scientistsandconservationists(环保主义者)”可知，考拉面临的形势很严峻，科学家和环保主义者对此非常担心。passion“激情”；concern“担心，忧虑”；fear“害怕，惧怕”；interest“兴趣”。]13．A.chances B．choicesC．neighbors D．threatsD[根据设空后的“notjustfromclimatechangebutalsofromhumandevelopment”可知，考拉不仅面临环境变化的影响，也面临着人类发展带来的威胁。也就是说除了野火，考拉正面临新的威胁，threat“威胁”。]14．A.weakening B．developingC．enriching D．ensuringA[根据上文可知，气候变化和人类的发展扰乱了考拉的种群，削弱了它们在大火中的生存能力。weaken“削弱，减弱”；develop“(使)成长，发展”；enrich“使丰富，充实”；ensure“确保，保证”。]15．A.lonely B．stupidC．lazy D．uniqueD[根据设空后的“notfoundanywhereelseonthisplanet”以及常识可知，考拉为澳大利亚独有的动物，unique意为“独一无二的”，符合语境。]Ⅳ.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2020·泰安市6月模拟)Onerainyspringday，Mombecameasinglemother.Mylittlebrotherwastwo，mysisterwaseight，andIwasfourteen.Thosefirstweekswereespeciallyhardbeforeoursmallmonthlysupportpaymentsbegan.Momfoundworkinapotato­chipfactory，butdidn'tgetpaidrightaway.ThatfirstSaturdaymorningassheleftforwork，Momsaid，“Idon'tknowwhatyou'llcookforsupper.Iwon'tgetpaiduntilMonday，butI'moutofmoney，andourshelvesarebare.”Shelaughed，buttearsfilledhereyes.“Doesthatfairytalehaveahappyending？No，butwe'lldobetter，”Isaid.“I'lltrytogetusfoodtoday.”Mywordssoundedbraveeventomyself.Sheshookherheadandwenttowork.Ihadplantedagardeninourbackyard.Thelettuce(莴苣)andpeaswereup，butnothingwasreadytoeat.IlookedthroughthekitchenanddiscoveredMomwasright.Weonlyhadcereal(麦片)forourbreakfast.Whilemysisterandbrotherplayed，Itidiedthehouse.Iwaswashingourfront­roomwindowwhenacheerymaninablueshirtcameoverandrangthedoorbell.AlthoughI'dneverseenhimbefore，hisbigsmilemademetrusthim.WhenIopenedthedoor，heasked，“Haveyouheardaboutthenewgrocerystoreamilefromhere？Todayisitsgrandopening.”Inodded.I'dseenitssignsasIrodepastontheschoolbus.“They'regivingawaygiftcoupons(优惠券)tocelebrate.”Hepulledthreewhitecardsfromhisshirtpocketandhandedthemtome.“Thefirstisforahugeloafofbread，thesecondisforagallonofmilk，andthethirdletsyouchoosehalfagallonofyourfavoriteflavoroficecream.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。Paragraph1：Istared.“Really？There'snopurchaserequired？”_____________________________________