高考英语作文概要写作练习附参考习作

SummaryWriting（一）WhenyouthinkoftheArctic(北极),youimagineanicylandofpurewhitesnow.OthersimagineitasthelastreallycleanplaceleftonEarth.Wehavepollutedthedeepestoceanswithplastictrash,andnow,CNNsays,“It’stheArctic’sturn.”

Germanscientistshaverecentlyfoundmicroplastics(微塑料)inArcticsnow,theAssociatedPressreported.Microplasticsarepiecesofplasticsmallerthan5millimeters.Sadly,thescientistsfound1,800piecesofmicroplasticperliterofsnow.

HowisplasticpollutionreachingtheArctic?Accordingtoscientists,“It’sreadilyapparent(显然的)thatthemajorityofthemicroplasticsinthesnowcomesfromtheair.”Theyfalloffofplasticobjectsandaremovedbythewind,justlikedust.Theymixwithiceintheairandfalltothegroundassnow.FindingtheseplasticsinArcticsnowmeansthatwemaybreathethemin.Anevenhigheramountofmicroplasticwasfoundinthesnowaroundcities.

Thehighconcentrations(浓度)foundinsnowsamples(样本)suggestmicroplastics,whichcontainrubberorchemicalsusedinsyntheticfabrics(合成纤维),maycausesignificantairpollution.

Aretheybadforus?Scientistscannotanswerthisquestionfornow,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization.Wedoknowthatourbodiescannottakein“large”piecesofmicroplastics.However,iftheplasticsaresmallenough,theycanfindwaysintoourbodiesandstaythereforalongtime,whichcanbebadforourhealth.What’smore,earlierstudieshaveshownthatmicroplasticsmaycontributetolungcancerrisk,heighteningtheneedtofurtherassess(评估)therisksoftakingthemin,thestudysaid.

Microplasticshavealsobeenfoundinriversandoceansaroundtheworld.Previousresearchhasfoundthattheyflowoverlongdistancesandintoouroceans,damagingecosystems(生态系统)alongtheway.Theystartinourwastewaterwhenwewashclotheswithplasticfibers.Thewastewaterthenflowsintoriversandouttosea,wheretheyareeatenbyseaanimals.Ifpeopletheneattheseanimals,itmeansthatwe’reeatingtheplasticaswell.Summarywriting概要写作：Pleasewriteasummaryofthearticleinabout60words.【文章分析】

该篇文章讲述了科学家在北极的雪中发现了微塑料，并解释了北极微塑料从何而来，以及可能造成的影响。【写作建议】这篇文章是一篇科普类说明文。首先以一项最新的研究发现引入，表明北极被“微塑料雪”污染，由此作者分析了微塑料从何而来，并点明它对空气、海洋河流以及人类健康的可能影响。写概要之前要仔细分析段落之间的关系，看清全文的主线，列出文章的逻辑结构。同时要注意详略得当，突出重点。例如微塑料的成分、具体如何形成可省略不写。参考答案：MicroplasticshavebeenfoundinArcticsnowbyGermanscientists.Themajorityofthemcomefromtheair.Buttheirhigherconcentrationsarefoundinsnowaroundcities,whichmayleadtoairpollution.Inaddition,iftheplasticsaresmallenough,theycanbetakenintoourbodies,whichmayincreasetheriskoflungcancer.Previousstudiesalsofoundthatmicroplasticsinriversandoceansdamageecosystems,meaningwemaybeeatingtheplasticwhenweeatseaanimals..(二)WhenyouthinkoftheArctic(北极),youimagineanicylandofpurewhitesnow.OthersimagineitasthelastreallycleanplaceleftonEarth.Wehavepollutedthedeepestoceanswithplastictrash,andnow,CNNsays,“It’stheArctic’sturn.”

Germanscientistshaverecentlyfoundmicroplastics(微塑料)inArcticsnow,theAssociatedPressreported.Microplasticsarepiecesofplasticsmallerthan5millimeters.Sadly,thescientistsfound1,800piecesofmicroplasticperliterofsnow.

HowisplasticpollutionreachingtheArctic?Accordingtoscientists,“It’sreadilyapparent(显然的)thatthemajorityofthemicroplasticsinthesnowcomesfromtheair.”Theyfalloffofplasticobjectsandaremovedbythewind,justlikedust.Theymixwithiceintheairandfalltothegroundassnow.FindingtheseplasticsinArcticsnowmeansthatwemaybreathethemin.Anevenhigheramountofmicroplasticwasfoundinthesnowaroundcities.

Thehighconcentrations(浓度)foundinsnowsamples(样本)suggestmicroplastics,whichcontainrubberorchemicalsusedinsyntheticfabrics(合成纤维),maycausesignificantairpollution.

Aretheybadforus?Scientistscannotanswerthisquestionfornow,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization.Wedoknowthatourbodiescannottakein“large”piecesofmicroplastics.However,iftheplasticsaresmallenough,theycanfindwaysintoourbodiesandstaythereforalongtime,whichcanbebadforourhealth.What’smore,earlierstudieshaveshownthatmicroplasticsmaycontributetolungcancerrisk,heighteningtheneedtofurtherassess(评估)therisksoftakingthemin,thestudysaid.

Microplasticshavealsobeenfoundinriversandoceansaroundtheworld.Previousresearchhasfoundthattheyflowoverlongdistancesandintoouroceans,damagingecosystems(生态系统)alongtheway.Theystartinourwastewaterwhenwewashclotheswithplasticfibers.Thewastewaterthenflowsintoriversandouttosea,wheretheyareeatenbyseaanimals.Ifpeopletheneattheseanimals,itmeansthatwe’reeatingtheplasticaswell.Summarywriting概要写作Pleasewriteasummaryofthearticleinabout60words.（三）MysonLeon’spassionforsurfingbeganattheageof13.Beforeandafterschooleachday,heputonhiswetsuit,pickeduphiscompanion,swamoutbeyondthesurflineandwaitedtobechallengedbyhisthree-tosix-footfriends.

Oneafternoon,thelifeguard(救生员)reportedoverthephonetomyhusbandWilsonthatLeon’seyewasbadlyinjuredbyhisboard.

Wilsonrushedhimtotheemergencyroom.Hereceived26stitches(缝针)fromthecornerofhiseyetothebridgeofhisnose.

Iwasonanairplaneflyinghomefromaspeakingengagement(安排)whileLeon’seyewasbeingstitched.Wilsondrovedirectlytotheairportaftertheyleftthedoctor’soffice.HegreetedmeatthegateandtoldmeLeonwaswaitinginthecar.

“Leon?”Iquestioned.Irememberthinkingthewavesmusthavebeenbadthatday.

“He’sbeeninanaccident,buthe’sgoingtobefine.”

Atravelingworkingmother’sworstnightmare(噩梦)hadcometrue.Irantothecarsofastthattheheelofmyshoebrokeoff.Iswungopenthedoor

toseethatmyyoungestsonhadapatch(眼罩)overhiseyeandwasleaning(倾斜)towardmecrying,“Oh,Ma,I’msogladyou’rehome.”

IcriedinhisarmstellinghimhowawfulIfeltaboutnotbeingtherewhenthelifeguardcalled.

“It’sokay,Mom,”hecomfortedme.“Youdon’tknowhowtosurfanyway.”

“What?”Iasked,confusedbyhislogic.

“I’llbefine.ThedoctorsaysIcangobackinthewaterineightdays.”

Iwantedtotellhimhewasn’tallowedtogonearwateragainuntilhewas35,butinstead,Ibitmytongueandhopedhewouldforgetaboutsurfing.

Forthenextsevendays,hekeptpressingmetolethimsurfagain.OnedayafterIhadrepeated“No”tohimforthe100thtime,hebeatmeatmyowngame.“Mom,youtaughtusnevertogiveupwhatwelove.”Igavein.Backthen,Leonwasjustaboywithapassionforsurfing.Now,he’samanwitharesponsibility.Heranksamongthetop25professionalsurfersintheworld.

Passionatepeopleembracewhattheyloveandnevergiveup.

Summarywriting概要写作Pleasewriteasummaryofthearticleinabout60words.参考答案：MysonLeonlovedsurfingfrom13andwouldsurfeveryday.Onedayhewasbadlyinjuredbyhisboard.ButhestillheldontohispassionandpersuadedmebypointingoutthatIhadtaughthimnottogiveuponwhatwelove.Nowheisagreatsurfer.Passionatepeoplenevergiveuponwhattheylove.(四)IspentoneSundayafternoonhelpingmyfriendputtogethertheicehockey(冰球)nethe’djustboughtforhiskids.Done,westoodbackandadmiredtheprecision(精密度)design.

AlthoughmychildhoodfriendsandIwould’velovedsuchanet,thereisalottobesaidforthewaywehadtoimprovise(临时变动)ourhockeygames.

Improvisinggoalnetswithwhatwecouldfindmadeusinventive,taughtusleadershipandteamworkandwasfunandjoyful.

Mostoftenweusedboots(靴子).Eachgoalwasmarkedbytwobootsspacedasequallyapartaswecouldmanage.Thetroublewasthattheyoftenwentslidingwhenthepuck(冰球运动用球)hitthemhardenough.Thosemomentswereexciting,asthegoalie(守门员)hadtochaseabootthathadmoved,andresetitquickly,orrisksomeonetakingadvantageandscoringagoal.Andwealsohadtokeepoureyespeeledfortheoccasionaldishonestgoaliewhomightmovethebootsclosertogether.

Thissituationledtodiscussionsandargumentsoverwhatmightormightnothavebeenagoal,butweimprovedourdebatingskillsinthesenegotiations,andlearnedtostanduptokidswhowantedtodominate(控制)everyoneelse.Inevitably(不可避免地),thenumberofcompetitorswouldthinoutasmomscalledthemhomeforsupper.

Thiswasthebesttime.Afterthehoursofplay,weweresweaty,red-faced,wetanddirty.Playershadtobetradedtokeeptheteamseven,butwemanagedtheadjustmentswell.Notimetowastenow,sincesoonitwouldbedark.Wejoinedournewteamnoquestionsasked,justtakingthepositionontheicethecaptainpointedusto.Enemiesbe