上海市徐汇区2020-2021学年九年级上学期期末（中考一模）英语试卷(含详解)

2020学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷

初三英语试卷

Part2Phonetics,GrammarandVocabulary

II・Choosethebestanswer.

1.Agoodwaytomakeapieceofwritingcometolifeistodescribethingsthroughsenses.

A.aB.anC.theD./

2.Duringwinter,temperaturesfrequentlydropbelowfreezingnight.

A.inB.atC.onD.for

3.Johnaskedtheoldmantoteachtraditionalwaysofmakingpaper.

A.heB.himC.hisD.himself

4.TheCityHaliintheoldcenteroftownisnolongerusedexceptspecialpurposes.

A.ofB.forC.withD.on

5.Atanaltitude（海拔）of4,119meters,thedeliveryofficeatthefootofMountQomolangmaisknownas

deliverystation.

A.highB.higherC.highestD.thehighest

6.Youcanusethelinkmethodortakenotestohelpyouremember.

A.eitherB.neitherC.bothD.nor

7.Thepostersaysanybodycanjointhedramaclub.Youhaveactingexperience.

A.mustn'tB.shouldn'tC.can'tD.needn't

8.Manylittleboyshopethattheycanhavetheabilitytheworldlikesuperheroes.

A.saveB.tosaveC.savingD.saved

9.Tamdrin（丁真）,a20-year-oldTibetan,alotofattentionsincehisphotowaspostedontheInternet.

A.wasattractingB.willattractC.hasattractedD.attracts

10.Inabouttenyears9time,moreandmoreelectriccarsrunningontheroad.

A.havebeenseenB.willbeseenC.wouldseeD.areseeing

11.Thegoldenfishdidn'tgrantthefisherman'swishhiswifedemandedtobequeenofalltheland.

A.ifB.whenC.untilD.unless

12.AstheSpringFestivalisdrawingnear,moststreetsaredecoratedwithlanterns.

A.lovelyB.beautifullyC.likelyD.friendly

13.Readthedirectionsprintedontheboxandyouwillknowhowthebatteries.

A.changingB.changedC.tochangeD.willchange

14.DanofteninhiscartofishwithhisfriendsonSundayafternoon.

A.setsoffB.willsetoffC.hassetoffD.issettingoff

15.—isthethieflike,Mr.Johnson?

—He'sshortandbald.Hewearsablackjacket.

A.WhatB.HowC.WhichD.Who

IH.Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachwordorphrasecanonlybe

usedonce.

A.properlyB.victoryC.exploreD.existedE.contained

Lighthousesarestructuresalongtheshorelinesoflargebodiesofwater.Fortourists,lighthousescanbeaninteresting

placetovisit.,andphotograph.Forhistorians,theyareawindowtothepastandreminderofadifferent

wayoflife.Forsailorsandshipcaptains,theyareasignofsafety.Theycanprotectaboatfromrunningaground（搁

浅）atnightorothertimeswhenthereisafogorastorm.

Originally,lighthouseswerebuiltwithroomsforthelighthousekeeper.Itwasthejobofthekeepertomake

surethatitwasalwaysworking]7.Althoughitcouldbelonelyattimes,itwasanimportantjob.Today,

almostalllighthousesareautomated,whichmeansthatthereisnoneedforlighthousekeepers.

Nooneiscertainwhenlighthousesfirst18.Wedoknowthatlighthousesisprobablymorethan3,000

yearsold.AnepicGreekpoemtitledTheIliadwaswrittenbyamannamedHomeraround1200B.C.Inthepoem,

Homerreferstoalighthouse,givingmodernscholarsanideaofhowlonglighthouseshavebeenapartofhumanlife.

Earlylighthouseswerequitedifferentfromtoday'slighthouses.Theywereusuallymadeofironbasketsthat

wereSuspendedfromlongpoles.Thebaskets19burningcoalorwood.Inthe1700s,thesebasketsweretaken

theplaceofbyoilorgaslanterns.Whenelectricitywasinvented,thelanternswerechangedintoelectricbeacons(灯

标).

A.educationalB.observeC.referenceD.roughE.appearance

In1822aFrenchphysicistnamedAugustinFresnelinventedalens(透镜)thatwouldprovetobevery

importantinlighthousetechnology.WiththeinventionoftheFresnellens,itbecamepossibletomakeabeamof

lightreachasfaras28milesfromshore!

Lighthousebeamcanbeusedtohelpsailorsidentifythelighthouseandtheirownlocation.Sailorscan

20thepatternsandlengthsoflightsfromthelighthouse.Thentheylookitupina21bookthatwilltell

themwhichlighthousetheyhaveseen.Duringtheday,sailorscanidentifylighthousessimplybytheir22.

Someareshortandfat,whileothersaretallandthin.Theycanbemadeofmanydifferentmaterials,suchaswood,

stone,brickandsteel.Thepatternsalsodiffergreatly.Somelighthousesarepaintedwithstripesoraseriesof

diamondshapesthatmakethemlookdifferent.Otherscanberecognizedbytheirshape—round,squareor

rectangular.

Manylighthousesarenotinuse.Theyaresometimeschangedintomuseums,inns,23centers,or

evenprivatehomes.Ifyoueverhaveachancetovisitone,gettingglimpseofhistoryisworththetrip.

IV.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.

24.Visitorsarenotallowedtoenterthatmuseumingroups,butatatime.(second)

25.Comparedtoallmyclassmates9busyweekendschedule,seemsabitrelaxing,(my)

26.Theeditorwillholdadiscussionaboutthetopicforthenexteditionoftheschoolnewspaper.(far)

27.Ifsimportantfbrstudentstobuildrelationshipswithothermembersofthe.(social)

28.TheseyearsChinahasmadegreateffortstoensurepeople'ssenseofsafety(person)

29.Toanewpicture,thatfamouspainterhasstayedinthestudioforaweek,(creative)

30.ThescientificresearchChang^-5didonthemoonreallymademefeel.（interest）

31.Thathotelisfamousforitsspecialmedicalcarethatcanhelpthe.（able）

V・Completethefollowingsentencesasrequired.

32.Therobberycasehasalreadybeensolved.（改为否定句）

Therobberycase_______beensolved________.

33.Aftertheoperation,theoldmandidn'twalkwithastickanylonger.（保持句意基本不变）

Aftertheoperation,theoldmanwalkedwithastick.

34.Jenny,sarticlecontainsstoriesaboutforeignerswhoworkinChina.（对划线部分提问）

containsstoriesaboutforeignerswholiveinChina?

35.PeoplewillthinkJessieisinnocentunlessDetectiveKencanfindnewproof.（保持句意基本不变）

PeoplewillthinkJessieisinnocentDetectiveKenfindnewproof.

36.StudentswillhaveflexibleschedulesatthewintercampinShanghai.（改为感叹句）

schedulesstudentswillhaveatthewintercampinShanghai!

37.Metroworkerswillstoppassengerswhoplaymusicorvideosonthespeakersoftheirmobilephones.（改为被

动语态）

PassengerswhoplaymusicorvideoonthespeakersoftheirmobilephoneswillbyMetroworkers.

38.toolate,alie,is,toapologize,never,for,it,telling（连词成句）

Part3ReadingandWriting

VI.Readingcomprehension.

A.Choosethebestanswer

GARDENCITYCOLLEGEGENERALRULESFORONLINECLASSES

Itisveryimportanttocarefullyreadtherulesandcancellationpoliciesoftheonlineclassesbeforebeginning

yourclass.

Youshouldenterthevirtual(虚构的)classroomatleast2daysbeforeyourfirstclassinordertolearnhowto

workwithinthesystem.Ifyouneedanytechnicalsupport,youcancallourtechnicalstaffduringtheirofficehours

(From8:30a.m.to5:30p.m.onweekdays).

Makesuretologontotheplatform15minutesbeforeyourclass.Wewillnotmakeupclasstimeduetolate

arrivals.Checkyourcourseschedule.

Itisstronglyrecommendedthatyouactivelytakepartineachclass.Listencarefullyanddon'ttalkoverwith

someone.

Youshouldbehaveproperlyandhavegoodmanners.BeingpoliteontheInternetshouldbeascommonasinreal

life.Respectotherpeople'sopinions.Besides,onlineprivacyissomethingyoushouldkeepinmindwhentyping

anything.Youshouldstayawayfromanythingconsiderednotsuitableandrude.

Atthebeginningofeachnewcourse,wewillplaceyouwithanewteacher.Thischangewillallowyouto

experiencedifferentlearningstyleswithotherteacherswhoarefullytrainedtoteachonlinecourses.Ifyourpresent

teacherisnotavailabletoteach(duetosicknessoranemergency),wewillnotcancelclass.Instead,classwillbe

givenbyasubstitute(代替的)teacher.

Theserulesmaychangeovertimeduetothechangingnatureoftheonlinespace

39.Thisnoticeisprobablywrittenfortoread.

A.parentsB.teachersC.technicalstaffD.students

40.Togetyourselffamiliarwiththesystem,youaresuggestedto.

A.contactschoofstechnicalstallduringtheirofficehours

B.haveatrialtest2daysbeforethecoursestarts

C.logontotheplatformevery15minutes

D.avoidlatearrivalstoenterthevirtualclassroom

41.Whichofthefollowingissuitabletotypewhenyoutakeonlineclasses?

A.”Linda,shallwemeetatmyplaceat8tonight,35HighStreet?,,

B."Ms.Hanna,canyouexplainthatagain?Ididn'tquitefollow.n

C・"Idon'tagreewithJoe.Ifsanabsolutelystupididea.”

D."Bob!Youhadanewhaircut.Thatsuitsyou.Youlookhandsome.^^

42.Youwillhaveanewteacherforeachnewcoursebecause.

A.thecollegeisshortoftrainedteacherstoteachonlinecourses

B.it'shardtofindasubstituteteacheratthebeginningoftheterm

C.youcanbenefitfromlearningwithteachersofdifferentstyles

D.itenablesyoutotakeanactivepartinthenewcourse

43.Accordingtothisnotice,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Onlineclassescreateareal-lifelearningenvironment.

B.Youyourselfareresponsiblefbrtheclasstimeyoumiss.

C.Technicalsupportisonlyavailableonweekdays.

D.Ifspossiblethattheremaybechangestotheserules.

44.Readingthisnoticecarefullycanhelpyou.

A.knowmoreaboutyoursubjectteachers

B.arrangeyourcourseschedulewell

C.understandtherulesandcancellationpolicies

D.applyforapositioninGardenCityCollege

B.Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage.

DanandMichellesatatapicnictableintheparkonabeautifulfallafternoon.Theairaroundthemwasfilled

withthesoundsofchildrenplaying,dogsbarkingandpeoplelaughing.ButDanandMichelle45the

soundsaroundthemandfocusedonthetasktheyhadsetouttocomplete.

TheywantedtostartaschoolgardenatJeffersonMiddleSchool.ItwasactuallyDan'sidea.Hehadfirstseena

schoolgardenwhenhewenttovisithiscousininWashington.Hewasamazedatthe46offruitsand

vegetablesthestudentsathiscousin'sschoolgrew.Danthoughtitwasthebestpartoftheweek.Helovedputtingon

hisboots,gettingoutsideandseeingallthenewthingsthathadhappened.

WhenDanreturnedfromhistrip,hetoldEmilyandMichelleallaboutwhathehadseen.Nowthetwoofthem

weredeterminedtocomeupwith47tobringaschoolgardentoJeffersonMiddleSchool.

Danopenedhisnotebookandpreparedtorecordanyideastheyhadfor48Ms.Oilytheschool

headmaster,intosupportingtheideaofhavingaschoolgarden.

“Wearegoingtoneedanadult49tobeinchargeofthewholeoperation,saidDanthoughtfully.

thinkMr.Harrisonmightbewillingtohelpbecauseheoftenworksinhisgardenandhebroughtinabasketof

tomatoesfromhisgardenlastweek.^^

“Togetthisprojectrunning,wemightalsoneedtoorganizeabakesaleoryardsaletoraisefunds.^^Added

Michellecheerfully.

Dannoddedandmadesomemorenotes.fclMycousinmentionedthatthestudentsathisschoolcookmealswith

thevegetablesfromtheirgarden.Wecandosomethinglikethattoo.50.wecanmeasureandweighthings

andfollowrecipe.Iamsurethere'snowayMs.Oilycouldturnusdown.!^^

Michellegrinned,uIfeverythinggoeswell,we'Hbedigginginthefieldinnotimeatall!”

45.A.enjoyedB.programmedC.ignoredD.recorded

46.A.priceB.varietyC.transportD.relationship

47.A.aplanB.aclueC.aceremonyD.asign

48.A.trickingB.talkingC.rushingD.changing

49A.introubleB.fromabroadC.ofwealthD.withexperience

50.A.AfterallB.ForexampleC.InfactD.What'smore

C.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.

Ifyouthinkofthejobsthatrobotscouldneverdo,youwouldprobablyputdoctorsandteachersatthetopofthe

list.It'seasytoimaginerobotcleanersandfactoryworkers,butothersneedhumanconnectionandcreativity.Butare

weunderestimating（低估）whatrobotscando?Insomecases,theyalreadyp51betterthandoctorsat

diagnosingillness.Also,somepatientsmightfeelmorec52sharingtheirprivateinformationwitha

machinethanaperson.Couldtherebeaplaceforrobotsineducationafterall?

BritisheducationexpertAnthonySeldonthinksso.Andheevenhasadatefortherobottakeoverofthe

classroom:2027.Hep53robotswilldomostworkoftransferringinformationandteacherswillbelike

assistants.Intelligentrobotswillreadstudents9faces,movementsandmaybeevenbrains54.Thentheywill

adapt（使...适应）theinfbnnationtoeachstudent.Wsnotapopularopinionandit'sunlikelyrobotswillever

understandotherpeople'sfeelingsandbeabletoreallyconnectwithhumanslikeanotherhumancan.

Onethingiscertain,though.Arobotteacherisbetterthannoteacheratall.Teachersallovertheworldare1

55.Insomepartsoftheworld,therearen'tenoughteachersand9to16percentofchildrenundertheageof

14don'tgotoschool.Thatproblemcouldbepartlysolvedbyrobotsbecausetheycanteachanywhereandwon't

sufferfromstress,orgett56,ormovesomewherefbraneasier,higher-paidjob.

Teachingisgenerallyrecognizedasdifficultandteachersfeeloverworked.Perhapsthequestionisnot“Will

robotstaketheplaceofteachers?^^but“Howcanrobotshelpteachers?,,Officeworkerscanusesoftwaretodothings

likeorganizeandansweremails,arrangemeetingsandupdatecalendars.Teacherswastealotoftimedoing

non-teachingwork,i57morethan11hoursaweekmarkinghomework.Ifrobotscouldcutthetime

teachersspendmarkinghomeworkandwritingreports,teacherswouldhavemoretimeandenergyforthepartsofthe

jobhumansdobest.

D.Answerthequestions.

FOMO

Posted2hoursagobyGradeteacher

Everybodyknowshowimportantitisforstudentstogetagoodnight'ssleepeverynight.Youaren'tabletodo

yourbestandkeepupwithallofyourresponsibilitiesunlessyousleepwell.Tmsureyoualreadyknowthatyou

shouldgotobedatareasonablehour.Mostexpertsagreethattheidealnumberofhoursiseightandthishasbeen

acceptedascommonsensefbraslongasIcanremember.However,IwasyoungonceandIknowthatmostofyouget

muchlesssleepthanthat-andinsomecasesitwillbeaffectingyourschoolwork.

Ireadaninterestingarticleinateachers7magazinerecently.Theydidastudyof848studentsinWales

Worryingly,theresultsshowedthatteenagersarefacinganewproblem.Theymaygotobedandgetupatappropriate

atetimesbutagrowingnumberarewakingupinthemiddleofthenightnottousethebathroomorhaveasnackbut

becauseofanewphenomenonFOMO-fearofmissingout.

Accordingtothearticleschoolaresufferingbecauseofgrowingtrend（趋势）towakeupduringthenightto

checksocialmedial.Afraidofmissingareplyoropportunitytotakepartinachat,teenagersarewakingatalllimesof

thenight,goingonlineandgettinginvolved.Allthistakesplacewhentheyshouldbesoundasleep.

ExpertsareworriedaboutthisgrowingtrendandthereportshowssomeworryingstatisticsthatI'dliketoshare

withyou.23%of12to15-year-oldswakeupnearlyeverynighttousesocialmedia.Another15%wakeupatnight

onceaweekforthesamereason.Oneinthreestudentsaretiredallthetimeandunabletodotheworktothebestof

theirability.Studentswhousesocialmediaduringthenightaremorelikelytofeelextremelyanxious.

So,Edliketoaskyouto58.Theworldwon'tendandyoursocialmediawillbewaitingtogreetyouin

themorningIgiveyoumywordthatyouwon'thavemissedanythingimportant.

58.Thisarticlewaspostedbyateacher,wasn'tit?

59.Howmuchtimeshouldschoolchildrenspendsleepingeverynightaccordingtothearticle?

60.WhatdoesFOMOstandfor?

61.Whydoschoolchildrencheckuptheirsocialmediainthemiddleofthenight?

Because.

62.Whattwopossibleconclusionscanwedrawfromthestatistics?

Conclusion1：(nomorethan10words)

Conclusion2：(nomorethan10words)

63.Inthelastparagraph,whatdoesthewriterprobablywanttosaytothereaders?

So,Tdliketoaskyouto.

VD・Writing.

64.Writeatleast60wordstotalkabout“Howtechnologyaffectsme”.Doesthedevelopmentoftechnology

affectyouinapositivewayorinanegativeway?Whatdoyouthinkoftheinfluence?Howdoyoudealwithit?

请以“Howtechnologyaffectsme”为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，谈论科技发展对你带来了正

面的影响还是负面的影响。你怎样看待科技对你的影响吗？你怎样面对这些影响呢？

(注意：短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。标点符号不占格)

2020学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷

初三英语试卷

Part2Phonetics,GrammarandVocabulary

II.Choosethebestanswer.

1.Agoodwaytomakeapieceofwritingcometolifeistodescribethingsthroughsenses.

A.aB.anC.theD./

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】句意：让一篇文章生动起来的一个好方法是通过感官来描述事物。

考查冠词。根据"tomakeapieceofwritingcometo…life"作定语修饰Agoodway可知，句子的主语是Agood

way；空格处表示“生动”，用“cometolife"。是固定搭配，不需要加冠词。故选D。

2.Duringwinter,temperaturesfrequentlydropbelowfreezingnight.

A.inB.atC.onD.for

【答案】B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】句意：在冬季，夜间气温经常降至冰点以下。

考查介词辨析。in在...里面；at在....；on在....上面；for为了....。atnight,在晚上，固定搭配。故

选Bo

3.Johnaskedtheoldmantoteachtraditionalwaysofmakingpaper.

A.heB.himC.hisD.himself

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】句意：约翰请那位老人教他传统的造纸方法。

考查代词词义辨析。he他，人称代词主格，在句中作主语；him他，人称代词宾格，在句中作宾语；his

他的，形容词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。句中是说教约翰传统的造纸方法，应用人称代词，

且作“teach”的宾语，应用him,故选B。

4.TheCityHallintheoldcenteroftownisnolongerusedexceptspecialpurposes.

A.ofB.forC.withD.on

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】句意：旧城中心的市政厅除有特殊用途外不再使用。

考查介词短语，of......的；for为了；with和...在一起，具有；on在....之上，向。固定短语：except

for"除了……以外”，符合语境，故选B。

5.Atanaltitude（海拔）of4,119meters,thedeliveryofficeatthefootofMountQomolangmaisknownas

deliverystation.

A.highB.higherC.highestD.thehighest

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】句意：在海拔4119米的珠穆朗玛峰脚下的送货处，作为最高的配送站而著名。

考查形容词最高级的用法。high高的，原级;higher更高的，比较级；highest最高的，最高级;thehighest

最高的，最高级。根据"Atanaltitude（海拔）of4,119meters,H可知，珠穆朗玛峰脚下的配送站是世

界最高的配送站，故空格处用最高级形式：the+形容词最高级。故选D。

6.Youcanusethelinkmethodortakenotestohelpyouremember.

A.eitherB.neitherC.bothD.nor

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】句意：你可以使用联想的方法或者做笔记来帮助你记忆。

考查连词辨析。either两者其一；neither两者都不；both两者都；nor两者都不。either...or..."或者...

或者……〃，是固定搭配。故选A。

7.Thepostersaysanybodycanjointhedramaclub.Youhaveactingexperience.

A.mustn'tB.shouldn'tC.can'tD.needn't

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】句意：海报上说任何人都可以加入戏剧社。你不需要有表演经验。

考查情态动词辨析。mustn't禁止；shouldn't不应当；can't不可能；needn't不需要。根据前句^Thepostersays

anybodycanjointhedramaclub.v可推测出，后句应是“不需要有表演经验”，故空处应是needn't。故选D。

8.Manylittleboyshopethattheycanhavetheabilitytheworldlikesuperheroes.

A.saveB.tosaveC.savingD.saved

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】句意：许多小男孩都希望他们能像超级英雄一样有能力拯救世界。

考查非谓语动词。句中用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词"ability”,意为“……的能力"，theability

tosavetheworld拯救世界的能力，故选B。

9.Tamdrin（丁真）,a20-year-oldTibetan,alotofattentionsincehisphotowaspostedontheInternet.

A.wasattractingB.willattractC.hasattractedD.attracts

【答案】C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】句意：自从他的照片被上传到网上以来，丁真，一个20岁的西藏人已经吸引了很多人的注意。

考查动词时态。根据空后从句"sincehisphotowaspostedontheInternet.”时态可知，主句应用现在完成时。

构成形式为have/hasdone；主语“Tamdrin”是第三人称单数形式，助动词应用has；attract的过去分词是

attractedo故填C。

10.Inabouttenyears'time,moreandmoreelectriccarsrunningontheroad.

A.havebeenseenB.willbeseenC.wouldseeD.areseeing

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】句意：大约十年后，越来越多的电动汽车将会被看到在路上行驶。

考查一般将来时的被动语态。havebeenseen已经被看到，现在完成时态；willbeseen将会被看到，一

般将来时的被动语态；wouldsee将会看到，过去将来时；areseeing正在看，现在进行时。根据时间状

语Inabouttenyears'time"大约十年后"可知，句子属于一般将来时；结合选项可知，句中的"更多

的电动汽车"和"看到"之间是被动关系，空格处用一般将来时的被动语态。故选B。

11.Thegoldenfishdidn'tgrantthefishennan'swishhiswifedemandedtobequeenofalltheland.

A.ifB.whenC.untilD.unless

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】句意：当渔夫的妻子要求成为所有土地的女王时，金鱼没有满足渔夫的愿望。

考查连词辨析。if如果；when当...时候;until直到;unless除非。根据下文l<hiswifedemandedtobe

queenofalltheland."可知此处是when引导的时间状语从句，故选B。

12.AstheSpringFestivalisdrawingnear,moststreetsaredecoratedwithlanterns.

A.lovelyB.beautifullyC.likelyD.friendly

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】句意：随着春节的临近，大多数街道都用灯笼装饰得很漂亮。

考查形容词副词辨析，lovely可爱的；beautifully漂亮地；likely合适的；friendly友好的。观察句子，这

里修饰动词decorate,应该用副词，结合"decoratedwithlanterns."可知应该是用灯笼装饰得很漂亮,

故选Bo

13.Readthedirectionsprintedontheboxandyouwillknowhowthebatteries.

A.changingB.changedC.tochangeD.willchange

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】句意：阅读盒子上的说明，你就会知道如何更换电池。

考查非谓语动词。根据“youwillknowhow...thebatteries.”可知，空格处是“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语,

填“tochange"。故选C。

14.DanofteninhiscartofishwithhisfriendsonSundayafternoon.

A.setsoffB.willsetoffC.hassetoffD.issettingoff

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】句意：丹经常在星期天下午开车和朋友们去钓鱼。

考查时态。根据often可知频度副词表示一般现在时，且主语为第三人称单数，故选A。

15.—isthethiefHke,Mr.Johnson?

—He,sshortandbald.Hewearsablackjacket.

A.WhatB.HowC.WhichD.Who

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】句意：——约翰逊先生，小偷是什么样子的？——他又矮又秃。他穿着一件黑色夹克。

考查特殊疑问词。What什么；How如何；Which哪一个；Who谁。根据"He'sshortandbald/可

知问的是外貌,即Whatbesb.like?故选A。

IH.Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachwordorphrasecanonlybe

usedonce.

A.properlyB.victoryC.exploreD.existedE.contained

Lighthousesarestructuresalongtheshorelinesoflargebodiesofwater.Fortourists,lighthousescanbeaninteresting

placetovisit.16,andphotograph.Forhistorians,theyareawindowtothepastandreminderofadifferent

wayoflife.Forsailorsandshipcaptains,theyareasignofsafety.Theycanprotectaboatfromrunningaground（搁

浅）atnightorothertimeswhenthereisafogorastorm.

Originally,lighthouseswerebuiltwithroomsforthelighthousekeeper.Itwasthejobofthekeepertomake

surethatitwasalwaysworking17.Althoughitcouldbelonelyattimes,itwasanimportantjob.Today,

almostalllighthousesareautomated,whichmeansthatthereisnoneedforlighthousekeepers.

Nooneiscertainwhenlighthousesfirst18.Wedoknowthatlighthousesisprobablymorethan3,000

yearsold.AnepicGreekpoemtitledTheIliadwaswrittenbyamannamedHomeraround1200B.C.Inthepoem,

Homerreferstoalighthouse,givingmodernscholarsanideaofhowlonglighthouseshavebeenapartofhumanlife.

Earlylighthouseswerequitedifferentfromtoday?slighthouses.Theywereusuallymadeofironbasketsthat

wereSuspendedfromlongpoles.Thebaskets19burningcoalorwood.Inthe1700s,thesebasketsweretaken

theplaceofbyoilorgaslanterns.Whenelectricitywasinvented,thelanternswerechangedintoelectricbeacons（灯

标）.

A.educationalB.observeC.referenceD.roughE.appearance

In1822aFrenchphysicistnamedAugustinFresnelinventedalens（透镜）thatwouldprovetobevery

importantinlighthousetechnology.WiththeinventionoftheFresnellens,itbecamepossibletomakeabeamof

lightreachasfaras28milesfromshore!

Lighthousebeamcanbeusedtohelpsailorsidentifythelighthouseandtheirownlocation.Sailorscan

20thepatternsandlengthsoflightsfromthelighthouse.Thentheylookitupinabookthatwilltell

themwhichlighthousetheyhaveseen.Duringtheday,sailorscanidentifylighthousessimplybytheir22.

Someareshortandfat,whileothersaretallandthin.Theycanbemadeofmanydifferentmaterials,suchaswood,

stone,brickandsteel.Thepatternsalsodifferg