2023高考英语一轮复习综合解析训练19

第页2023高考英语一轮复习综合解析训练19Ⅰ.单项填空1．Hebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeople________tocholera.A．expose B．exposedC．exposing D．toexpose解析expose“使暴露于；显露；使接触〞，在此处作后置定语修饰people，二者存在动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。答案B2．Whenhecamebackthreehourslater，theywerestillsittingonthesofa，________inconversation.A．absorbing B．absorbedC．toabsorb D．tobeabsorbed解析考查非谓语动词。句意：当他三个小时后回来时，他们仍坐在沙发上，聚精会神地交谈。beabsorbedin为固定搭配，意为“专心于〞，所以此处应用absorb的过去分词形式，作伴随状语。答案B3．Itwastheboy，ratherthanhisteachers，that________forwhattheboyhaddone.A．weretoblame B．weretoblamedC．wastoblame D．wastobeblamed解析betoblame表示“应该受责备〞，从结构分析主语应当为theboy，因此选C。答案C4．Ithinkyouneedsomeoutdoorexercise.Plentyoffreshairwill________goodhealth.A．contributeto B．devotetoC．applyto D．adjustto解析考查带to的动词短语辨析。句意：我认为你需要户外锻炼，足够的新鲜空气会有利于健康。contributeto有助于，导致；devoteto奉献；applyto运用；adjustto调节以适应。答案A5．Thedoctor________youforyourcoughissureto________it.A．curing；treat B．cures；treatingC．treating；cure D．treats；cure解析考查动词词义辨析。句意：给你治疗咳嗽的那个大夫保证给你治好病。treat治疗；cure治愈；treatingyouforyourcough现在分词短语作定语。答案C6．The________，Ithink，hedrewfromhissimpleexperimentisnotscientific.A．attentionB．conclusionC．promiseD．relation解析句意：我认为他从简单的实验中得出的结论是不科学的。drawaconclusion“得出结论〞；drawone'sattention“引起某人注意〞。答案B7．Themoreoneis________theEnglish­speakingenvironment，thebetterheorshewilllearnthelanguage.A．exposedto B．filledinC．caughton D．keptup解析根据句子的意思判断，此处应该使用beexposedto...，表示“被暴露在……〞的意思。答案A8．—IwassurprisedtoseewildflowersinAlaska.—Manypeoplethinkthereisnothingthere________iceandsnow.A．exceptfor B．ratherthanC．apartfrom D．regardlessof解析此处表示“除了冰雪以外没有别的东西〞，可以使用except，因为iceandsnow和nothing属于同类，而exceptfor后的名词和前面的名词不属同类。apartfrom相当于except或besides。答案C9．HerquestionwassodifficultthatIcouldhardlymakeany________ofitatall.A．sense B．meaningC．explanation D．idea解析名词辨析。makesenseof的意思为“理解；明白〞。答案A10．Thebuildingaroundthecornercaughtfirelastnight.Thepolicearenow________thematter.A．seeingthrough B．workingoutC．lookinginto D．watchingover解析考查动词词组辨析。此处lookinto表示“调查〞。A项表示“看穿；识破〞；B项表示“制定出；算出〞；D项表示“看守；监视〞。答案C11．—Stayabitlonger，please.It'sbeensuch________funhavingyouhere.—Thankyou，butI'vegot________earlystarttomorrowmorning.A．/；theB．a；anC．/；anD．the；an解析考查冠词。此题中fun为不可数名词，前面不用冠词。anearlystart此处指“早起〞。句意为“请再待一会儿吧。有你在这里太有趣了。〞“谢谢你，但明天早上我还要早起呢〞。答案C12．—DoyouknowwhyAnnisill?—Yes，she________moreworkthanisgoodforher.A．takesout B．takesdownC．takeson D．takesin解析takeon在此处意为“从事〞。答案C13．________hiseyes，Tomfoundhimself________ontheroadside.A．Opened；lied B．Opened；laidC．Opening；lying D．Opening；lain解析此题考查的是非谓语动词。现在分词表示主动，所以用Opening。第二个空的意思是“躺〞，表示主动进行。答案C14．TheDeadSeaissosalty________it'shardforanythingtoliveinit________iswhyit'scalledtheDeadSea.A．that；which B．that；thatC．/；that D．/；what解析so...that为固定结构，第二个空用which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的整句话。答案A15．—Howdidhecatchsomanyfish?—Byusinga________.A．bamboolongfishinglineB．longbamboofishinglineC．fishinglongbamboolineD．bamboofishinglongline解析此题考查的是名词前面修饰语的先后顺序。该次序如下：冠词＋品质(好，坏等)＋大小/长短＋新旧＋形状式样＋颜色＋产地＋材料＋用途＋动名词＋名词，所以选B。答案BⅡ.完形填空Ihavealwaysbeenanindependentperson，butIhavecometoknowthatbeingindependentdoesnotmeanrefusinghelp.Imaystillbe__1__withaskingforhelp，butItrytoaccept.Furthermore，Iwilleven__2__helpandwhenmyoffersarerefused，Iam__3__willingtowalkaway.Andallthesechangescamefromadisasteronanisland.Sometimesaperson'sindependenceisa__4__ofpride，daring，stubbornnessandluck.Iusedtobetoo__5__sinceIwaslittle.Iwasonceatravelerwhoneveraskedfor__6__，choosinginsteadtostrugglewithmapsandsignsuntilIfoundmyway.ThenonedayontheislandofKohPhangan，inThailand，everything__7__.IwasswimmingintheoceanwithSean，myfiance(未婚夫)，whenhewas__8__byaboxjellyfish(箱型水母)．He__9__withinthreeminutes,25yearsold.YetwhenonlookersandtravelersaskedifIwanted__10__，stubbornprideandforceofhabit__11__meaccepting.ButtwoyoungIsraeliwomenstayed.__12__myprotest(反对)，theywerewithmeevenwhenthepolicetriedtocoverupthe__13__ofSean'sdeath.Itwaslistedasdrunkdrowningtoavoidhurtingthe__14__industry.TheIsraeliwomen__15__havewalkedaway.__16__，withouteventellingme，they__17__theirscheduleratherthanleavemebehind.__18__Ididn'trealizeitatthetime，InowbelieveIwouldnothave__19__thedisasterwithoutthesegreatwomen.Actually，thepersonwhoneedshelpthemostisusuallythelastpersontoaskforit.Ihavelearned__20__isbetterthanrefusingbecauseitnotonlyhelpsyouwalkoutoftrouble，butalsohelpsyouknowtherealmeaningoflife.【语篇解读】独立并不意味着要拒绝帮助，接受帮助比拒绝帮助好，这是作者通过自己的亲身经历领悟到的道理。1．A.struggling B．dealingC．confused D．satisfied解析strugglewith表示“与……作斗争〞，根据上下文可知作者还在与是否要寻求帮助作斗争。答案A2．A.offerB．acceptC．seekD．desire解析根据下文的“whenmyoffers〞可知，作者甚至会给别人提供帮助。答案A3．A.occasionally B．frequentlyC．usually D．seldom解析当作者给别人提供帮助而被拒绝时，她很少会心甘情愿地走开。这与下文作者拒绝别人的帮助时，对方还是留下来陪她的经历有关。occasionally“偶尔〞；frequently“经常地〞；usually“通常〞；seldom“很少〞。答案D4．A.rangeB．symbolC．wayD．mix解析有时一个人的独立是骄傲、勇敢、顽强和运气的结合。range“一系列〞；symbol“象征〞；way“方式〞；mix“混合，结合〞。答案D5．A.adventurous B．braveC．independent D．creative解析根据文章第一句以及下文的内容可知，作者是一个非常独立的人。答案C6．A.money B．equipmentC．directions D．suggestions解析根据6空后面的“choosinginsteadtostrugglewithmapsandsingsuntilIfoundmyway〞可知，作者曾经旅行时从不问路。equipment“装备〞；direction“方向〞；suggestion“建议〞。答案C7．A.happened B．messedC．changed D．disappeared解析根据第一段的最后一句可知，此处表示“一切都变承〞，应选C。答案C8．A.attackedB．caughtC．followedD．impressed解析下文提到作者的未婚夫死了，此处应指他受到了箱型水母的攻击。attack“攻击〞。答案A9．A.sunkB．diedC．failedD．recovered解析根据“25yearsold〞及13空后面的“Sean'sdeath〞可知，此处指Sean三分钟之内就死了，应选B。答案B10．A.companyB．adviceC．comfortD．evidence解析由上文可知，作者正遭受着未婚夫突然去世的打击，再结合11空后面的“twoyoungIsraeliwomenstayed〞可知，周围的人在问作者是否需要陪伴。company“陪伴〞。答案A11．A.keptB．preventedC．deniedD．suggested解析作者固执的骄傲和习惯的力量阻止她接受别人提供的帮助。prevent“阻止〞。答案B12．A.Inspiteof B．IncaseofC．Intermsof D．Asaresultof解析尽管作者反对，她们还是留下来陪作者。inspiteof“尽管〞；incaseof“以防万一〞；intermsof“就……而言〞；asaresultof“由于……〞。答案A13．A.proofB．newsC．factD．cause解析根据下一句中的“Itwaslistedasdrunkdrownning〞可知，警方尽力地掩盖Sean死亡的原因。cause“原因〞。答案D14．A.medicine B．entertainmentC．fishing D．tourism解析Sean因受水母攻击而死亡，警方掩盖其死因是为了防止影响到当地的旅游业。答案D15．A.couldB．needC．shouldD．must解析couldhavedone表示“本来能做，而实际上未做〞，此处指那两位以色列女士本来能够走开的，但她们还是留下来陪作者。答案A16．A.Therefore B．OtherwiseC．Instead D．Besides解析她们反而宁可延误自己的日程安排，也不扔下作者不管。instead“反而，却〞。答案C17．A.delayedB．madeC．consideredD．threw解析参见上题解析。答案A18．A.WhenB．WhileC．BecauseD．If解析while表示“尽管〞。尽管作者当时没有意识到这一点，但现在她相信，如果没有这两位好心的女士，她不会从这场灾难中幸存。答案B19．A.survived B．experiencedC．avoided D．suffered解析参见上题解析。survive“幸存，存活〞。答案A20．A.refusingB．acceptingC．givingD．begging解析根据下文的“becauseitnotonly...oflife〞并结合全文可知，此处表示“接受帮助比拒绝帮助好〞。答案BⅢ.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SmallThingsThatCanMakeaBigDifferenceWhenwewanttoimproveourlifeweassumeweneedtomakebigchanges.Welookforaprogramorpersonthatwillfundamentallychangeourlife.However，withthisattitudeweforgetthatwecanchangeourlifejustbymakingafewsmallchanges，__1__1．SmileAsmilecostsnothing，butitcreatesapowerfullypositiveinfluence.__2__Furthermore，thisgoodwillismuchmoreeffectivethananythingwecansay.Weshouldnotjustsmileatourfriends，butalsoatthosewhomakeusangry.Ifoursmileissincereitcanremovemanynegativefeelingsandbringcalmintensesituations.Peoplewillunconsciouslyrespondpositivelytouswhenwesmile.Whateverthesituation，smilingwillhelp.Researchsuggeststhatsmilinghelpsus，too.2．OfferGratitudeItonlytakesamoment，butifweappreciatetheeffortsofotherpeople，itwillcreatealotofgoodwill.__3__Inparticular，trytooffergratitude