【课件】Unit4 Discovering Useful Structures 公开课课件人教版（2019）必修第三册

2019新人教高中英语必修三

Unit4SpaceExploration

DiscoveringUsefulStructures

Teachingobjectives:Bytheendofthisperiod,youwillbeableto…1.identifyandanalyzetheusageofinfinitivesasadverbialsandattributes;2.mastertheusageofinfinitivesasadverbialsandattributesthroughself-studyandpractice.3.useinfinitivestodescribespacefactsandeffortstoexplorespace.WhatPowersaSpacecraft?Spacecrafthaveinstrumentstohelpthemtakepicturesandcollectinformationinspace.Buttheyneedelectricitytopower

thoseinstrumentsandsendtheinformationbacktoEarth.Wheredoesthepowercomefrom?Lead-inWhatPowersaSpacecraft?Aspacecraftgenerallygetsitsenergyfromatleastoneofthreepowersources:theSun,batteriesorunstableatoms.Tochoosethebesttypeofpowerforaspacecraft,engineersconsiderwhereitistraveling,whatitplanstodo

thereandhowlongitwillneedtowork.Lead-inHowmany“to”inthetext?Doyouknowtheirmeaningsandfunctions?Lead-inMysterycreateswonderandwonderisthebasisofman’sdesiretounderstand.—NeilArmstrongTosucceed,youmustacceptallthechallenges,can’tjustaccepttheonesyoulike.—MikeGaffkaInfinitivesasadverbialsandattributes1.Itrainedforalongtimetoflyairplanesasafighterpilot.→____________________________________________________2.Asweallknow,anastronautneedstobehealthyandcalminordertoworkinspace.→____________________________________________________

ObserveandanalyzeTask1Readthefollowingsentencesandfocusontheitalicisedinfinitives.Thenfigureouttheirfunctionsandmeanings....inorderthatIcouldflyairplanesasafighterpilot.

...inorderthathe/shecanworkinspace.

infinitivesasadverbialstoexpresspurposes3.Firstofall,youmustbeintelligentenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree.→__________________________________________________4.Somescientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansrealisetheirdreamtoexplorespace.→___________________________________________________5.On12April1961,YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.→___________________________________________________Observeandanalyze…sothatyoucouldgetarelatedcollegedegree.…theirdreamwhichwastoexplorespace.infinitiveastheadverbialtoshowtheresult…thefirstpersonintheworldwhowentintospace.infinitivesasattributestomodifysth.

Summary1

不定式(todo)的功能和意义：可作状语，表目的或结果，多可转化为inorderthat/sothat引导的状语从句；为强调目的，可用inorderto/soasto。可作定语，起修饰或限定作用，可转化为定语从句。Task2Findmoreexamplesfromthetextandfigureouttheirfunctions.Peoplehavealwayswantedtolearnmoreaboutspace,andscientistsworkhardtofindanswers.Theymakevehiclestocarrybravepeopleintospacetofindoutthesecretsoftheuniverse.Theyalsoreallywishtodiscoverotherplanetsthataresuitableenoughtosupportlife.

America’sNASAspaceagencylaunchedVoyager1on5September1977tostudydeepspace.(adverbial)(attribute;adverbial)(adverbial)(adverbial)Task2Findmoreexamplesfromthetextandfigureouttheirfunctions.Thesedisastersmadeeveryonesadanddisappointed,butthedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdied.Chinabecamethethirdcountryintheworldtoindependentlysendhumansintospacein2003.ThenShenzhou6and7completedasecondmannedorbitandthefirstChinesespacewalk,followedbythevehicleJadeRabbitbeingsenttothemoontostudyitssurface.Afterthat,ChinalaunchedtheTiangong2spacelabintospaceandTianzhou1todockwithit.(attribute)(attribute)(adverbial)(adverbial)Task2Findmoreexamplesfromthetextandfigureouttheirfunctions.ThissignalledonestepfurtherinChina’splantoestablishaspacestationinthefuture.Morerecently,ChinahassentChang’e4toexplorethesurfaceofthefarsideofthemoontomakemeasurementsandobservations.Europe,theUS,andChinaallhaveplanstofurtherstudyandexploreplanetslikeMarsandJupiter.(attribute)(adverbial)(attribute)

…workhardtofind

answers……carrybravepeopleintospacetofindoutthesecrets……launchedVoyager1…tostudy

deepspace……sentChang’e4toexplore

thesurface……launched…Tianzhou1todockwithit.…beingsenttothemoontostudy

itssurface……behealthyandcalminordertoworkinspace.infinitivesas

adverbialstoexpresspurposesSummarizetheusesofinfinitives.

…aresuitableenoughtosupportlife.…beintelligentenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree.infinitivesasadverbialstoshowresults:be+adj.+enoughtodoSummarizetheusesofinfinitives.

Summarizetheusesofinfinitives.…vehiclestocarrybravepeopleintospace……thedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdied.…China’splantoestablishaspacestation……plansto…studyandexploreplanets……theirdreamtoexplorespace……thethirdcountry…to…sendhumansintospace……thefirstperson…togointospace.infinitivesas

attributestomodifysth.

Summary2不定式作定语：起修饰或限定作用，可转化为定语从句；可修饰名词、数词、代词等，常置于被修饰词后；多表示将来的动作；后接不定式作定语的名词有：desire,dream,plan,goal等。

Summary3不定式作状语：可以表示目的或结果，多可转化为inorderthat/sothat引导的状语从句；常用结构：inorderto/soasto(表目的)be+adj.+enoughtodo(表结果)

Interviewer:…youalsohadtostudyalot,too,right?MrYang:Yes,IhadtolearnEnglish,science,andastronomy.Ialsohadtopracticeusingspaceequipment,anddoalotofmentalandphysicaltraining.Itwasverytiring,butIwassoproudtohavetheopportunity.Learnmoreaboutinfinitivesasadverbials.infinitiveastheadverbialtogivethereason

Summary4

不定式作状语：可以表示目的或结果，多可转化为inorderthat/sothat引导的状语从句；常用结构：inorderto/soasto(表目的)be+adj.+enoughtodo(表结果)

be+proud/pleased/…+todo(表原因)Learnfromtheexamples.1.In2003YuriMalenchenkobecamethefirstpersonwhogotmarriedinspace.→______________________________________________2.Inspace,astronautscollectalldirtywatersothatitcanberecycledforlateruse.→______________________________________________

…thefirstpersontogetmarriedinspace.

…collectalldirtywatersoastorecycleitforlateruse.Task3Rewritethesentencesusinginfinitivesor“inorderto/soasto”.Changetheitalicisedpartsaccordingly.3.Mankindhasalwaysbeencuriousabouttheuniverseandmanypeoplehavedreamtthatonedaytheywouldflyintospace.→____________________________________________________________________4.Astronauts’bonesandmusclescangetveryweakinspaceduetothelackofgravity,sotheyneedtoexerciseeveryday,whichwillhelpthemstayhealthy.→____________________________________________________________________5.Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhileworkinginspacebecauseeverythingwouldfloatoffotherwise.→____________________________________________________________________6.Duringaspacewalk,astronautshavetomoveslowlysothattheycankeeptheirbodiesundercontrol.→____________________________________________________________________

.…manypeoplehavethedreamtoflyintospaceoneday.

.…sotheyneedtoexerciseeverydayto/inorderto/soastostayhealthy.

.…whileworkinginspaceto/inorderto/soastokeepeverythingfromfloatingoff.

.…moveslowlyto/inorderto/soastokeeptheirbodiesundercontrol.Tomaketheexpressionsmoreconciseandthelogicalrelationshipcloser.

1.Q:WhyisYangLiweifamousinChina?A:Becauseheis_____________________________________.(第一个进入太空的中国宇航员).2.Q:Howdoyoufeelaboutthefilm2001:ASpaceOdyssey?A:I’mafraidthefilmis______________________________.

(太长太乏味而无法看完).

3.Q:WhywastheRussianspacestationMir(和平号空间站)broughtdownoutoforbit?A:OneofthereasonsisthatMirwastoooldand___________________________.(不再是安全的居所).thefirstChineseastronauttogointospacetoolongandboringformetofinishnolongerasafeplacetoliveinTask4Completethesentencesusinginfinitivesastheattributeortheadverbial.4.Q:Wouldyouliketotravelintospacesomeday?A:Yes,andIwanttobecome____________________________.(登陆火星的第一个中国人).5.Q:Couldyouprovideasimpleintroductiontohowspacerocketswork?A:I’mafraidthewholeprocessis___________________________________.(太复杂了，无法用几句话解释清楚).thefirstChinesetolandonMarstoocomplicatedtoexplaininafewwordsTask4Completethesentencesusinginfinitivesastheattributeortheadverbial.

Summary5不定式作状语：可以表示目的或结果，多可转化为inorderthat/sothat引导的状语从句；常用结构：inorderto/soasto(表目的)be+adj.+enoughtodo(表结果)

be+proud/pleased/…+todo(表原因)be+proud/pleased/…+todo(表原因)Infinitives做主语不定式置于句首Togettherebybikewilltakeushalfanhour.Tomakeupforlosttimeisnotpossible.Toleanoutofthewindowisdangerous.Tosavemoneynowseemsimpossible.用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后It'sourdutytotakegoodcareoftheold.

Howlongdidittakeyoutofinishthework?

Itseemedimpossibletosavemoney.作宾语Ihappentoknowtheanswertoyourquestion.Thequestionishowtoputitintopractice.IfinditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.作补语Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.Webelievehimtobeguilty.Thebookisbelievedtobeuninteresting.作定语一般置于被修饰词之后用作后置定语Scientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansrealizetheirdreamtoexplorespace.On12April1961,YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.Sendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoaltoachieve.Jessiegotanewtoytoplaywith.Shehasnofriendtodependon.作状语可以表示目的、结果或原因等Scientistsworkhardtofindoutthesecretsoftheuniverse.Asweallknow,anastronautneedstobehealthyandcalminordertoworkinspace.Youmustbeintelligentenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree.I’mafraidthewholeprocessistoocomplicatetoexplaininafewwords.Weweresurprisedtofindthathehadalreadyleft.

1.Thespaceshuttle(航天飞机)wascreatedasareusablelaunchvehicle_______astronautsandotherequipmentintospaceandbackagain.Theshuttlelookslikeanordinaryplanebutithasacargobay(货仓)thatislargeenough____________asatellite.2.Spaceprobes(航天探测器)areoftensenttoplacesthataretoofarawayortoodangerousforahuman___________footin.Forexample,in1977,theVoyager1spaceprobewassent_______picturesoftheplanetsSaturnandJupiter.Task5Completethesentencesusingthecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.tocarrytoholdtosettotakehold build providelivesetcarry select falltake launch

3.TheInternationalSpaceStationwastoobig__________onEarthand__________intospace,sodifferentcountriesworkedtogetherandbuiltabout100modules(分离舱).Afterwards,thesemoduleswerejoinedtogetherinspace__________livingquarters,laboratories,andotherequipmentforastronauts____________formonths.4.Asthefirstwoman__________tomakeatripintospace,Tereshkovafeltluckyandproud.Whenthegreatdayfinallycame,shewasalmosttooexcited__________asleep.Task5Completethesentencesusingthecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.tobuildtolaunchtoprovidetoliveselectedhold build providelivesetcarry select falltake launchtofall

On17October2016,China’sspaceagencylaunchedtheShenzhou11spacevehicle_________(connect)withtheTiangong2spacelaboratory.ThevehiclecarriedtheastronautsJingHaipengandChenDong.TheconnectionbetweenShenzhou11andTiangong2tookabouttwohourstobecompleted.Theastronautshadmanytasks________(do)inspaceaspartoftheirmission.Firstly,theyhadtofloatthroughanarrow80-centimeterwidetubesoas________(get)onboardTiangong2.Oncesafelyonboard,thepairwavedtothecameraonTiangong2,_________(send)greetingstoeveryonebackhome.Thentheyperformedvariousexperiments.Forexample,theygrewriceinspace.Theyalsogavethemselvesmedicalcheck-ups_________(see)howtheirbodieswereaffectedby_______(be)inspace.JingHaipengandChenDongfinallyreturnedtoEarth30dayslater,_______(make)theirspacemissionthelongestsuchmissionbyChineseastronautstodate.Task6Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.toconnecttodotogettosendtoseebeingmaking

1.JenniferMauerbecamethefirstinherlargefamily________(earn)abachelor'sdegree.2.__________(test)theeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabitstheresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.3.Pleasegotothegovernmentwebsites_______(learn)moreabouttheprogram.4.Whateveryourageorinterests,Buxtonhassomething_______(see)ordotomakeyourvisittrulymemorable.5._________(enjoy)theconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.I.Completethesentencesusingthecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.toearnTotesttolearntoseeToenjoy

Practice

Sendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoal_________(achieve).Oneoftheproblemsisthatthetripwouldtakeaverylongtime.Forexample,_________(use)thecurrenttechnology,itwouldtakeovertwoyears_________(get)totheclosestplanet,Mars,andback.Althoughlightisthefastestthing_________(know)intheuniverse,itcouldtakemorethanfouryearstoreachtheneareststarsystem.Willscientistsfigureoutaway_________(store)sufficientfoodandwaterforthelongjourney?Isitpossibletotravelfasterthanlight?Nooneknowstheanswersyet.However,spacescientistsnevergiveup.Theyareexperimentingwithgrowingcropsinspacesoas_________(help)astronautsgetenoughfoodonlongerjourneysthroughspace.II.Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.toachieveusingtogetknowntostoretohelp

1.recyclevt.回收利用；再利用recyclebin回收站internalrecycle内部循环

塑料袋每年会导致100,000海洋动物死亡，因为这些动物常常把塑料袋误当食物吞下去，因此，如果你一定要用塑料袋，一定要在超市垃圾箱回收塑料袋。Plasticbagscausethedeathsof100,000Marineanimalseachyearwhentheanimalsmistakethemforfood,soifyoumustusethem,alwaysrecycletheminthebinatyoursupermarket.

LanguagePoints2.lack n.缺乏；短缺vt.没有；缺乏forlackofhavenolackoflacksth.lackoffaith因缺乏…;因缺少…不缺乏；不缺少缺乏某物不信教，不信神

LanguagePointsofTheflowersfailedforlack_______rain.Lack_______sleepbluntedherthinking.They_______theforceofconviction.oflack

LanguagePoints3.otherw