2023年10月自考英语真题训练

2023年10月自考英语(一)真题训练

一、阅读推断(第1-10题，每题1分，共10分)

下面的短文后列出了十个句子，请依据短文的内容对每个句子做出推断：假如该句供应的是正确信息，选择A;假如该句供应的是错误信息，选择B;假如该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C,并在“答题卡”上将相应字母涂黑。

Atwentieth-centurywoman

MaryaSkodowskawasbornonNovember7,1867,inPoland.Marya’sfatherwantedhisfivechildrentogotocollege,butthefamilywaspoor.Infact,MaryaworkedforsixyearstomakemoneysohereldersisterBronyacouldstudymedicineinParis.WhenBronyafinishedmedicalschoolin1891,23-year-oldMaryawenttoParistobeginherownstudy.

InJuly1893,Mariepassedherphysicsexamfirstinherclass.Atthistime,shemetPierrecurie,ayoungscientist.MarieandPierrefoundthattheyhadmuchincommon.Theybothbelievedthatsciencewasthemostimportantpartoftheirlives.Theydidn’tcareaboutmoneyoraboutbeingcomfortable.Theyfellinlove,andweremarriedonJuly26,1895.MarieandPierrewereveryhappy.Theydiscussedtheirworkaswellasthemostrecentscientificevents,suchasthediscoveryofXrays.Mariewasinterestedinthisresearchandbegantolookforunknownelementsthathadsuchrays.PierrestoppedhisownresearchinordertohelpMarieinherwork.Herealizedthatshewasabouttomakeanimportantdiscovery.

In1898,theydiscoveredtwonewelementsthatgaveoffXrays.Inthosedays,nooneknewthatsuchmaterialsweredangerous.Theydidnotknowthatworkingwiththesematerialscausedtheirillness,andtheykeptworking.Finally,in1902,theyprovedthatradium(镭)isreal.

OnJune25,1903,MadamebecamethefirstwomantoreceiveadoctorofsciencedegreefromtheSorbonne.Thenshereceivedanevengreateraward.In1903,MarieandPierreandHenriwereawardedtheNobelPrizeinphysics.

1MaryawenttoParistobeginherownstudywhenshefinishedmedicalschool.

A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven

2MaryachangedhernametoFrenchform,Marie,inParis.

A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven

3Maryahadquarreledwithhersisterbeforemovingoutofhersister’shome.

A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven

4Maryawashappyevenifshelivedinhardlivingconditions.

A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven

5MarieandPierrefellinlovebecausetheyhaddifferentideasaboutscienceandlife.

A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven

6Pierredidn’twanttostophisownresearchtohelpMarie.

A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven

7Pierre’sparentsdidn’tagreewithhismarriagewithMarie.

A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven

8MariealonefoundtwoelementsthatgaveoffXraysin1898.

A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven

9MarieandPierredidnotknowthedangerofthosematerialsgivingoffXrays.

A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven

10MarieandPierrewontheNobelPrizeinphysicsin1903.

A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven

二、阅读选择(第11-15题，每题2分，共10分)

阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A,B,C,D,)中选出1个最正确选项，并在“答题卡”上将相应字母涂黑。

NationalHealthService

TheBritishNationalHealthService(NHS)wassetupin1948andwastoprovideequalbasicandfreehealthcareforeverybodyinthecountryside.Beforethistime,healthcarehadtobepaidforbyindividuals.

Nowadays,thecentralgovernmentisdirectlyresponsiblefortheNHS,althoughitismanagedbylocalhealthorganizations.About83percentofthecostofthehealthserviceispaidforbygeneraltaxationandtherestismetfromthenationalinsurancecontributionspaidbythoseinwork.Somepeoplehavetopayforprescriptionanddentalcarebutotherpeople,suchaschildren,pregnantwomen,andthoseonincomesupport,areexemptfrompayment.

AsthepeopleofBritaingetsolder,thehospitalservicenowtreatsmorepatientsthanbefore,althoughpatientsspendlesstimeinhospital.NHShospitals---manyofwhichwerebuiltinthenineteenthcentury—providenearlyhalfamillionbedsandhaveover480,000medicalstaff.TheNHSisthebiggestemployerinEurope,althoughBritainactuallyspendslessperpersononhealthcarethanmostofherEuropeanneighbors.

Duringthe1980s,thehealthserviceincreasedemphasisonmanagerialefficiencyandtheprivatization(私人化)ofsomeservices(forexample,cleaning).Attheendofthe198s,thegovernmentintroducedplansforfurtherreformoftheNHS,includingallowingsomehospitalstobeself-managing.Patientswouldbeabletochooseandchangetheirfamilydoctormoreeasily.However,thepoliticalquestionscontinueofhowmuchmoneyshouldbeprovidedtosupporttheNHSandwhereitshouldcomefrom.

11Wecanknowfromthefirstparagraphthat_____________.

A.theNHSwastoprovideequalbasichealthcareforpeopleinthecities.

B.peopleincitiesdidn’thavetopayforhealthcarebefore1948.

C.patientsincountrysidehadtopaymoneyforhealthcarebefore1948

D.theNHSwasanorganizationwhichgavefreeadvicetovillagers.

12Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exempt”probablymean?

A.sufferingB.differentC.preventedD.free

13Accordingtoparagraph2and3,whichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutHNS?

A.It’smanagedbythecentralgovernment.

B.ithiresmorepeoplethananyotherunitinEurope.

C.fewerpatientsgotoNHShospitalsthanbeforeinBritain.

D.itscostismainlypaidforbythenationalinsurancecontributions

14TheNHSreformduring1980sfocusedmoreon_______________.

A.efficiencyandself-managingB.efficiencyandprivatization

C.competitionandself-managingD.competitionandprivatization

15Accordingtothelastparagraph,thebiggestproblemfortheNHSis___________.

A.manyhospitalsaretoooldtobeused

B.someservicesareprovidedbyindividuals

C.morepatientsgotoothercountriesfortreatment

D.thereisnotenoughmoneyforfurtherreform

三、概括段落大意和补全句子(第16-25题，每题1分，共10分)

阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的两项测试任务：(1)从第16-20题后所给的6个选项中为第①--⑤段每段选择一个正确的小标题;(2)从第21-25题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。在“非选择题”答题区内

Greatsoccerplayer

1Soccerisplayedbymillionsofpeopleallovertheworld,buttherehaveonlybeenafewplayerwhoweretrulygreat.Howdidtheseplayersgetgreat?Wasitthroughtrainingandpractice?Orweregreatplayersbornnottrainedtobegreat?Studiesshowthatthesegreatplayerssharesomethingincommon.

2First,theseplayerscomefromplacesthathavehadfamousstarsinthepastsothatayoungboycanlookuptoandtrytoimitate(仿照).Inthehistoryofsoccer,onlysixcountrieshaveeverwontheWorldCup—threefromSouthAmericaandthreefromWesternEurope.Therehasneverbeenagreatnationalteam---orareallygreatplayer—fromNorthAmericaorfromAsia.

3Second,theseplayershaveyearsofpracticeinthegame.AlfredodiStefanowasthesonofasoccerplayer,sowasPele.Mostplayersbeginplayingthegameattheageofthreeorfour.

4Finally,manygreatplayerscomefromthesamekindofneighborhood(聚居区)—apoor,crowdedareawhereaboy’sdreamisnottobeadoctor,lawyer,orbusinessman,buttobecomearich,famousathleteorentertainer.Forexample,Liverpool,whichproducedtheBeatles(甲壳虫乐队),hadoneofthebestEnglishsoccerteamsinrecentyears,Pelepracticedinthestreetwitha“ball”madeofrags(破布).AndGeorgebestlearnedthetricksbybouncingtheballoffawallintheslums(贫民窟)ofBelfast.

5Generally,allgreatplayershavealotincommon,butthatdoesn’texplainwhytheyaregreat.HundredsofboysplayedinthoseBrizilianstreets,butonlyonebecamePele.Thegreatestplayersarebornwithsomeuniquequalitythatsetsthemapartfromalltheothers.

Task1

A.notrichneighborhoodB.stillnoclearreasonsCraretrulygreatplayersD.averypopulargameE.longandearlierpracticeF.famousstareffect

16.Paragraph①:

17.Paragraph②:

18.paragraph③:

19.paragraph④:

20.Paragraph⑤:

Task2

21Therearemillionsofsoccerfansintheworldbutonly____________.

22SixcountriesfromSouthAmericaandWesternEuropehaveeverwon____________.

23Mostgreatsoccerplayershavestartedtheirsoccerpracticewhentheywere____________.

24Manygreatplayersgrewupin___________.

25Georgebestpracticedhissoccerskillsin______________.

AthepoorareaofBelfast

B.threeorfouryearsold

Cfromveryrichfamilies

D.poorneighborhood

E.afewtrulygreatplayers

F.theworldcup

四、填句补文(第26-30题，每题2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请依据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在“非选择题”答题区作答。

Babiesaregoodlanguagelearners

Itishardtoknowwhatbabieswant.Theycantalk,walk,orevenpointatwhattheyarethinkingabout.Yetnew-bornbabiesbegintodeveloplanguageskillslongbeforetheybeginspeaking.Andcomparedtoadults,theydeveloptheseskillsquickly.Peoplehaveahardtimelearningnewlanguagesastheygrowolder.___________26____________.

Foralongtime,scientistshavetriedtoexplainhowsuchyoungchildrencanlearnthosegrammaticalrulesandthesoundsofalanguage.___________27______________.Thismightfinallyhelpchildrenwithlearningdifficultiesaswellasadultswhowanttolearnanewlanguage.______________28_____________.

Mostbabiesgo“googoo”and“mama”bythetimetheyaresixmonthsold.____________29___________.Fordecades,scientistshavewonderedhowbrainsofyoungchildrenfigureouthowtocommunicatebyusinglanguage.Withhelpfromnewtechnologiesandresearchstrategies,scientistsarenowfindingthatbabiesbeginlifewiththeabilitytolearnanylanguage.Theycomeintocontactwithotherpeople,listentowhattheysayandwatchtheirmovementsveryclosely.___________30____________.Studiesshowthat,uptosixmonths,babiescanrecognizeallthesoundsthatmakeupallthelanguagesintheworld.

A.Itmightalsohelpscientiststodesigncomputesthatcancommunicateaspeopledo.

B.Thatiswhytheyquicklymasterthelanguagestheyhearmostoften.

C.But,babieshavetheabilitytolearnanylanguageeasily.

D.Mostchildrenspeakinfullsentencesbytheageofthree.

E.Adultssufferalotfromtheirworkandhousework.

F.Now,researchersunderstandbetteraboutthelearningofgrammaticalrulesandthesounds.

五、填词补文(第31—40题，每题1.5分，共15分)

下面的短文有10出空白，短文后列出12个词，其中10个取自短文，请依据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在“非选择题”答题区内作答。

Stopsmoking

IbegantosmokewhenIwasinhighschool.Infact,IremembertheeveningIwasatagirlfriend’shouse,andwewere___31____amovie.Theactorsinthemoviesmokedalot.Myfriendfoundtwocigarettesfromhermother’spurse,andshegaveontome.Itwasmyfirsttime.

Myparentsdidn’tcareittoomuchbecausetheyboth___32_____,andmyolderbrotherdidtoo.Mymothertoldmethatsmokersdon’tgrowtall,butIwasalready____33___thanmostoftheboysinmyclass,soIwashappytohearthat“fact”.The____34___inschooltalkedagainstsmoking,butthecigaretteadvertisementsweresoexciting.

Ireadabook___35___howtostopsmoking.Thewriterthoughtthatsmoking___36____time,andthatcigarettescostalotofmoney.Tenyearslater,everyonebegantohearaboutthe___37___effectsofcigarettesmoke:lungdisease,cancer,andheartproblems.Afterthat,therewasahealth____38__oneverypackofcigarettes.Ididn’tpaymuch___39___tothereportsandwarnings.Ifelthealthy,andIthoughtIwastakinggoodcareofmyself.

Thentwoeventschangedmymind.First,Istartedtocough.IthoughtItwasjustacold,butitdidn’tgetbetter.Second,mybrothergotlungcancer.Hegotsickerandsicker.Isatwithhiminhishospitalroom,andIdecidedto____40____.However,itwasveryhardtodoso.

A.quitE.teachersI.bad

B.awareF.attentionJ.taller

C.watchingG.wastesK.warning

D.namedH.differentL.smoked

六、完形补文(第41—50题，每题1.5分，共15分)

下面的短文有10处空白，每处空白处的括号内有一个词，请依据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并在“非选择题”答题区内作答。

Music

The___41___(important)ofmusicinourlivescannotbedefinedwithwords.Itistheairwebreatheandthethoughtswethink.Itisthemelodiesthatbeattothetuneofourhearts.Itisthe____42____(universe)languagethatwecanallunderstandandrelateto,evenwhenourpersonaldefinitionsvary.Musicisavery____43___(value)toothroughouttheworld.

Musicisthevoicewelongforwhenwecan’tfind___44___(word)tospeak.Manypeoplewillagreethattherearesongsthatwere____45___(write)justforthem.Songscansometimessaythings___46____(good)thanwecouldhavesaidthem.Theycanexpressouremotionsthoughwedidn’t___47____(real)knowwefeltthatway.Musiccanputthingsintoperspective.

Therearealotoftopicstobe____48___(discuss)whenitcomestomusic.Ifyouare___49___(talk)aboutmusic,deadsilen