英语中考专项训练与讲解非谓语动词1

动词主要用作谓语，但通过形式变化，也可以做主语、宾语、表语、状语、宾语补足语、定语等，统称为非谓语形式。非谓语形式主要有两种：todo(动词不定式)，doing(动名词或现在分词)。

一、动词不定式:todo

动词不定式由“to+动词原型”构成，to有时可以省略，在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用，做主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等成分。

1动词不定时的否定形式：nottodo

Shedecidednottobelateagain.

Theteachertoldusnottotalkagain.

2动词不定式的逻辑主语：forsb.todo

It'stimeforthestudentstogohome.

It'simportantforustolearnEnglishwell.

3

动词不定式与特殊疑问词连用

Idon'tknowwhattodonext.

Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepostoffice?

4

动词不定式省略to的情况

①在一感(feel),二听(hear,listento),三使(make,let,have),四看(see,lookat,watch,notice)等词后，可接省略to的不定式做宾补。

Motherletmegohomeearliertoday.

IsawTomentertheteachers'officejustnow.

②Why引导的简短疑问句

Whyworryaboutit?

Whynotgotherebybike?

③避免重复

Ireallydon'tknowwhattodoorsay.

5

动词不定式在句中的作用

作主语：

Tosavetimeistolengthenlife.

It'smydreamtogotouniversity.

作表语：

MyjobistoteachEnglish.

作宾语：

Iwanttotoadoctor.

Iwishtogotothemoononeday.

作宾语补足语：

Ilikeyoutodoitthisway.

PleaseaskTomtocallmeback.

作定语：Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?

Heislookingforaroomtolivein?

作状语：Hesatdowntohavearest.(目的)

Theywenttheretovisittheirtheacher.(目的)

Iamgladtoseeyou.(原因)

I'msorrytohearthatyourmotherisill.(原因)

Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.(程度)

Iwastooexcitedtoosayaword.(程度)二、动词的-ing形式：doing

动词的-ing形式和动词不定式一样，在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用，作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等成分。

作主语：Savingtimeistolengthenlife.

ReadingisimportantinlearningEnglish.

作表语：

MyjobisteachingEnglish.

作宾语：

Ienjoylisteningtopopmusic.

Pleasestoptalking!

作宾语补足语：Wesawhimclimbingatree.

Iheardhimsingingasong.

针对性练习

1Manybusinessmenenjoy_______golfandtennis.

A.toplay

B.playing

C.play

2Motherasksme_______computergamesbeforefinishingmyhomework.

A.notplay

B.toplay

C.nottoplay

D.tonotplay

3---Wehavewokedforthreehours.

---Nowlet'sstop_____arest.

A.had

B.have

C.tohave

D.having

4.Thebagistooheavyforme______

A.tocarryit

B.nottocarryit

C.tocarry

D.nottocarry

5.Sheaskedhim______herupatsixo'clockinthemorning,

A.wake

B.towake

C.waking

D.woken

6.Hehasn'tdecided______foraholiday.

A.togowhere

B.wheretogo

C.whytogo

D.iftogo

7.Theoldmantoldthechildren______noisy.

A.notbe

B.nottobe

C.tonotbe

8.Hisbagfelloffhisbike.Hestopped______itup.

A.pick

B.picks

C.picked

D.topick

9.Mymotherusedtotellme______inbed,

A.notread

B.nottoread

C.didn'tread

D.don'tread

10.Thereisgoing______anEnglishpartythiseveninginourschool.

A.tobe

B.tohave

C.tohas

11.Theheadmasteraskedthepupils

toolateonweekdays.

A.notgetup

B.nottogetup

C.don'tgetup

D.tonotgetup

12.Wesawhim______thebuildingandgoupstairs.

A.toenter

B.enter

C.entering

D.entered

13.Heistooold______thebox.

A.tocarry

B.carrying

C.carry

D.carries

14.Remember_______yourhomeworkheretomorrow.

A.tobring

B.totake

C.bring

D.take

15.Thebabyiscryingharderandharder.Couldyoulether______?

A.stopcrying

B.stoptocry

C.gooncrying

D.goontocry

16.---What'sthetime,please?

---It'snearlyseveno'clock.It'stime______toschool.

A.go

B.going

C.goes

D.togo

17.Theydecided______attheendofthismonth.

A.toleave

B.goingback

C.travel

18.---Let'shavearest,shallwe?

---Notnow.Idon'twanttostop_____theletteryet.

A.write

B.towrite

C.writing

D.andwrite

19.Ihavetogonow.Pleaserememberto_______thelightswhenyouleave.

A.turnoff

B.turndown

C.turnup

D.turnon

20.Don'tletthestudents

allthetime.Tellthem_______arestsometimes.

A.study;have

B.study;tohave

C.tostudy;tohave

D.tostudy;have

21.It'scoldoutside.You'dbetter

yourcoat.

A.toputon

B.towear

C.puton

D.takeoff

22.It'stime______home.

A.togo

B.togoto

C.goto

23.It'sgoingtorain.You'dbetter_______there.

A.nottogo

B.notgo

C.don'tgo

24.---Wouldyouplease______itagain?

---Sorry,Iwon't.

A.notdo

B.don'tdo

C.nottodo

D.tonotdo

25.MrsLintoldthestudent

anynoiseinthelibrary.

A.makes

B.tomake

C.nottomake

D.notmake

26.Canyoutellme

theEnglish-Chinesedictionary?

A.howtouse

B.tousehow

C.howuse

D.howuses

27.Youmustbeverytired.Whynot______arest?

A.tostoptohave

B.tostophaving

C.stoptohave

D.stophaving

28.Bill'smotheroftentellshim______spendtoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.

A.notto

B.tonot

C.don't

D.doesn't

29.---Thereisaticketonthefloor,isityours?

---Oh,yes,it'smine.

---Letme

foryou.

A.topickupit

B.topickitup

C.pickupit

D.pickitup

30.---Whatdidhesaytoyou?

---Hewantedme______himupafterlunch.

A.ring

B.rings

C.rang

D.toring

31.Mymotheroftenasksme______early.

A.getup

B.gotup

C.gettingup

D.togetup

32.Look!Howheavytherainis!You'dbetter________.

A.don'tgonow

B.stayherewhenitstops

C.notleaveuntilitstops

D.nottoleaveatonce

33.Tom,pleasehelpme______thepictureonthewall.

A.putup

B.puton

C.putoff

D.putinto中考英语专项练习之非谓语动词非谓语动词指在句中不充当谓语的动词，它不受主语的限制，但有时态和语态的变化。非谓语动词包括三种形式：分词、动词-ing形式和动词不定式。【练习】Ⅰ.单项选择()1.—Wouldyouliketohavedinnerwithme?—Sorry,Ihavealotofhousework.A.todoB.doneC.doD.tobedone()2.—ItriedtomakeKatehermind,butIfoundithard.—Well,IsawyouthatwhenIwentpast.A.changes;doB.changes;doingC.tochange;doD.change;doing()3.—Oh,Ihadaterribletoothache.—You’dbetterseeadoctorandhaveyourbadteethout.A.goto;pullingB.togoto;pulledC.goto;pulledD.togoto;pulling()4.—MrWang,Ihavetroublethetext.—Rememberitthreetimesbeforeyoubegintounderstandit.A.tounderstand;readingB.understanding;readingC.understanding;toreadD.tounderstand;toread()5.Don’tworry.Wewilldoanythingwecanyou.A.helpB.tohelpC.behelpedD.helped()6.—Didyouletanyonetheflowers?—Yes,Ihadtheflowers.A.towater;waterB.towater;wateredC.water;tobewateredD.water;watered()7.Wouldyoumindmeafavour?A.doB.todoC.doingD.did()8.—WhynottheMusicClub?—Sorry,Ican’tsingordance.A.tojoinB.joinC.joiningD.joinin()9.Nomatterhowharditis,we’llkeepuntilwemakeit.A.failedB.failingC.triedD.trying()10.Whathappenedtotheboy?Hetriedmyquestions.A.toavoidansweringB.avoidingansweringC.toavoidtoanswerD.avoidingtoanswer()11.Wecouldn’thelpwhenUncleWangtoldusthenews.A.laughB.laughedC.laughingD.tolaugh()12.—WhatshouldIdo,doctor?—healthy,youshouldtakemoreexercise.A.KeepB.KeepingC.TokeepD.Havingkept()13.IttookmydaughtertwoweeksthenovelsbyLiuYong.A.read;writtenB.toread;writtenC.reading;towriteD.toread;wrote()14.—Willyoupleaseshowmehowtodotherole-playexercise?—Sure.Nowletmetellyoufirst.A.whichtodoB.howtodoC.whentodoD.whattodo()15.Whenclassbegins,westoptotheteachercarefully.A.listeningB.tolistenC.listensD.listenⅡ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.I’mveryglad(hear)thatgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinthepast30yearsinourhometown.2.Hewasmade(finish)alotofworkduringtheholiday.3.You’dbetter(nottake)thetrousersaway.Trythemonfirst.4.Nowallthestudentsareverybusy(get)readyforthecomingexam.5.Hasthedoctorallowedher(get)outofbed?6.Ifeellike(give)upMathsbecauseit’shardtolearn.7.That’stheendoftheprogramme.Thanksfor(listen).8.(do)morningexercisesisgoodforourhealth.9.Wearelookingforwardto(meet)anewclassmatefromAmerica.10.It’sverykindofyou(tell)meaboutit.11.—Hi,MrWang,couldyouhelpme(work)outtheproblem?—OK,letmetry.12.Idon’tthinkiteasyforher(finish)theworkintwodays.13.Thedoctoradvisedme(noteat)toomuchcandy.14.Look!Thereisapetdog(lie)ontheground.Let’sgoandplaywithit.15.Ifyouwanttobehealthy,youaresupposedtogiveup(smoke).【指点】分词分词分现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词由“动词+-ing”形式构成，过去分词的基本形式是“动词+-ed”，但也有不规则形式。现在分词和过去分词的区别：现在分词表示主动、进行之意，过去分词有被动、完成之意。动词-ing形式常接动词-ing形式的动词（短语）：完成实践值得忙（finish,practise,beworth,bebusy）继续习惯别放弃（keepon,beusedto,giveup）考虑建议不禁想（consider,suggest,can’thelp,feellike）喜欢错过要介意（enjoy,miss,mind）动词不定式一、基本形式：to+动词原形，如towalk。否定形式：not+基本形式（短语），如nottowatchTV。当我们需要表明动词不定式中的这个动作是谁发出时，我们可以用带逻辑主语的不定式：forsb.+基本形式（短语），如forustofinishthework。此外还有一种形式，即带疑问词的动词不定式：疑问词+基本形式（短语），如whattodo。注意：1.作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：TolearnEnglishwellisnoteasy.2.如果主语较长，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语不定式放在谓语之后，常用结构为itis+adj.+(for/ofsb./sth.)+todosth.如：It’simportantforustolearnEnglishwell.二、动词不定式常用于以下这些动词之后：1.不定式作宾语用于：“要想做，同意办，愿意不愿意，决定尽量做。”A.要求、想要、希望(want,wish,hope,expect,intend,mean)B.同意(agree,promise)C.意愿(care,hate,refuse)D.决定，企图(decide,offer,attempt,try,manage)2.不定式作宾语补足语用于：劝教命请叫(advise,teach,order,ask,tell)允许又警告(allow,permit,warn)三、有些动词后需接省略to的动词不定式。一感一助一最好，二听二请二为什么不，三使四看半帮助，无to不定式记心中。说明：一感：feel（感觉）；一助：即助动词do，does，did，will/shall，包括情态动词can，may，must等，但不包括现在完成时中的have/has；一最好：hadbetter；二听：listento，hear；二请：副词please后，willyouplease…；二为什么不：whynot，whydon’tyou…；三使：make,let,have；四看：lookat,see,watch,notice;