17年英语六级阅读提分训练试题及答案

17年英语六级阅读提分训练试题及答案

Americanschoolchildrenoccasionallypresentanappletotheteacher.Obviouslythecustomcontainsanelementofbribery1—youoffersweetfruittoauthorityfiguresto“sweeten”2theirdisposition3.Inschoolchildrenscase,theappleisofferedtomaketheirgradesmorefavorable.Therefore,theapplehasmoreorlessacquiredacorrosive4reputationandmaybeforthisreason,inslangEnglish“toapplepolish”means“toflatterorfawn”andanapplepolisherisaflatterer.

Butthecustommightalsobeexplainedasafairpaymentfortheteachersinstruction.Intheearlydaysofpubliceducation,schoolteacherswerenotalwayssalaried.Oftentheywouldbepaidingoodsandservices,offeredbyeithertheschool,orthepupilsortheparents....Therefore,theoccasionalgiftofanapplefortheteacherintodaysclassroomshouldbeawelcomereminderoftheerawheneducationwasone-to-oneandwhenteachingmeantenlighteningthestudentsratherthanidentifyingtheirrankings.

CapsandGowns

Forstudents,themostexcitingmomentmaybethegraduationceremony5:parents,relativesandfriendsareinvitedtotheceremony;allthegraduatesarewearingblacksquareflatcapsandgowns.Theyallawaitthepresidenttoannounceintheend,“Now,pleasemoveyourtasselsfromrighttoleft.”

ThecapsandgownswornbyhighschoolandcollegegraduatestodayaresurvivorsoftheeverydaydresswornbymembersoftheacademiccommunityinmedievalEurope.ThemajorityofscholarsintheMiddleAges6werechurchmen,orsoontobecomeso,andtheirdresswasoftenstrictlyregulatedbytheuniversitieswheretheytaughtandstudied.ThestandardclericaldressthroughoutEuropewasthelongblackcope.Theoriginalpreferenceforblackwaschangedinthethirteenthandfourteenthcenturies,assuchcolorsasred,violetandpurplecameintofashion;butbytheRenaissanceblackwasback,asthecolorblacksymbolizedsimpleandplain,orausterewayoflifeinthesixteenthcentury.Withfewexceptions,modernuniversitieskeepthatceremonialausterity.

Theoriginofthesquareflatcap,ormortarboard7,isobscure,thoughitprobablyderivesfromthemedievalbiretta.Suchatuftedsquarecapisconsideredthebadgeofthe024mastership,andislateradoptedbyundergraduatesandschoolboys.ThetermmortarboarddoesnotappearinEnglishuntilthe1850s.Thetasselthatgraduatestransferfromonesidetoanotherasasignaloftheirelevationisanoutgrowthofthemedievaltuft.Thetuftstillappearsonthemodernbiretta,wornbybishopsthroughouttheChurchofRome.

阅读自测

Ⅰ.Trueorfalse:

1.Nowadays,Americanpupilsalwaysofferanappletotheteacherinordertogetabettergrade.

2.Intheearlydaysofpubliceducation,schoolteacherswerepaidinmoney.

3.InAmerica,thecapsandgownsareonlyadoptedbycollegegraduatesduringgraduationceremonies.

4.BeforetheRenaissance,thestandardclericaldresswasblack.

5.Thebirettawasconsideredthemarkofscholarship.

6.Thatthegraduatesmovethetasselfromonesidetotheotherisasignalofelevation.

Ⅱ.Questions:

1.Accordingtothepassage,whenyousaysomebodyisanapplepolisher,whatdoyoureallymeanbysayingthat?

2.Forstudents,whenisthemostexcitingmoment?

3.Aftergraduation,whichsideshouldyouputyourtassel,rightorleft?

参考答案:

Ⅰ.1.T2.F3.F4.F5.T6.T

Ⅱ.1.Itreallymeansthatheisflatteringorfawningsomefigures.

2.Forstudents,themostexcitingmomentisthegraduationceremony,especiallythemomentwhenthepresidentmakestheannouncement.

3.Aftergraduation,thetasselshouldbeputtotheleftside.

参考译文

校园记趣

献给教师的苹果

美国的学童常常会送苹果给教师。很明显,这个习惯做法有点的意味———给当权者一些甜头来软化他们的态度。对学童来说,他们送教师苹果只是为了得到更令人满足的成绩。为此,苹果的荣誉多少受到些损害,而且可能就是这个原因,英语俚语“toapplepolish”的意思就是“阿谀奉承,溜须拍马”,而“applepolisher”则指“马屁精”。这一习惯做法同样可以看作是对教师授课的一种合理报答。公立教育早期,学校教师并不总是拿薪水的。通常状况下,他们得到的酬劳是学校、学生或学生家长供应的实物或效劳。因此,在今日的教室里时常消失的送教师苹果的现象应当算是对那个年月的一种美妙回忆。那时的教育是一对一式的,而且那时的教学是为了使学生受到教育,而不是为了区分他们的社会地位。

学士帽与学士服

对学生而言,最感动人心的时刻莫过于毕业典礼。父母及亲朋好友都被邀请来参与典礼。全部的毕业生都头戴黑色的方平帽,身穿黑长袍。他们等待着校长在最终一刻宣布:“现在,请将你的流苏从右边移到左边。”今日的高中生和大学生戴的.学士帽,穿的学士服是由中世纪欧洲学院里学者们的日常着装演化而来的。中世纪时,大多数的学者要么是牧师,要么将要成为牧师;他们的着装经常受到他们任教或学习的大学的严格掌握。在整个欧洲,标准的牧师服都是黑色的长袍。13和14世纪的时候,人们最初偏爱黑色的状况得到了转变,诸如红色、紫罗兰色和紫色这样的颜色开头流行起来。但是到了文艺复兴时期,黑色又流行回来,由于黑色代表了简约朴实和16世纪严谨的苦修方式。现代大学都少有例外地保存了那种肃穆简朴的仪式。方平帽或者学士帽的起源不甚了了,不过这很可能是从中世纪的法冠演化而来。这种植绒的方帽被看作是学位的象征,后来被大学本科生和高中生采纳。学士帽这个术语直到19世纪50年月才传到英国。毕业生们将其从一边移到另一边,作为一种晋级标志的流苏其实是中世纪时的帽穗的派生。现代罗马教会的大主教们戴的法冠上仍保存着这种穗子。

阅读导释

1.这是动词bribe的名词形式,以前学过embezzle这个词,embezzle多指“盗用,挪用(公款),侵吞(财物)”。

2-3.sweeten是形容词sweet加-en转变来的动词,意思是“(通过赠送礼物,笼络感情等)使亲和,使软化”。它可作“使洁净,使纯洁”解,如在莎士比亚的名剧《麦克白》中,麦克白夫人杀了国王之后,梦游中去洗手上的血迹时,有一句很出名的独白:“AlltheperfumesofArabiawillnotsweetenthislittlehand.”意思就是“纵使用全部阿拉伯的香水,也无法洗洁净这只小手。”disposition这里是“性情,性格,态度倾向”的意思。

4.这个词是“腐蚀的,有害的,损害的”的意思。

5.毕业典礼。ceremony一词多指“庄重的宗教或其他庆典中具有特别形式及程序的礼仪”,如:theceremonyoflaunchingaship(船舶下水典礼);performtheopening/closingceremony(进行开幕/闭幕式)。司仪的专出名词M.C.即MasterofCeremony的缩写。

6.MiddleAges,中世纪,欧洲历史上从5世纪罗马文明瓦解直至文艺复兴的这段时期。中世纪这一名称及其传统含义来自于意大利人文主义者的别