高考英语一轮复习-直接引语变间接引语(超级经典归纳)

高考英语一轮复习-直接引语变间接引语(超级经典概括)高考英语一轮复习-直接引语变间接引语(超级经典概括)高考英语一轮复习-直接引语变间接引语(超级经典概括)直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）一．直接引语和间接引语的定义||。直接引语：直接引用他人的话叫直接引语||，间接引语：用自己的话转述他人的话叫间接引语||。直接引语前后加引号；间接引语不用加引号||。Hesaid||，“I’mastudent（.直接”引语）→Hesaidthathewasastudent.（间接引语）主句从句主句从句二．当直接引语为特别疑问句变间接引语形成宾语从句时||，第一要注意用特别疑问词||，后来用陈说语序的句子||，同时注意人称、时态、时间状语||，连结词||，语序的变化.（一）人称的变化规则：一随主||，二随宾||，第三人称不更新||。引号内的第一人称变间引后与主Hesays||，”Ilikemathverymuch.一随主句主语的人称保持一致→Hesaysthathelikesmathverymuch.引号内的第二人称变间引后与二随宾主句宾语的人称保持一致引号内的第三人称在变间引后去三不用变人称不变

HesaidtoLily||，“youmustgetupearly”HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearlyShesaidtome||，“Theywanttohelphim”→Shetoldmethattheywantedhelphim★（二）．时态变化宾语从句时态变化规则：主现从不限；主过从四过（即4种过去的时态：一般过去时；过去进行时；过去未来时；过去达成时）；客观真谛||，只用一般此刻时||。1.主句一般此刻时||，从句可用随意时态||。2.主句过去时||，从句用相应的过去时态||。即一般此刻时改成一般过去时；此刻进行时改成过去进行时；一般将来时改成过去未来时；一般过去时、此刻达成时、过去达成时改成过去达成时||。3.主句过去时||，从句是客观真谛时||，只用一般此刻时||。Teachertoldus:"Themoonmovesroundtheearth."Teachertoldusthemoonmovesroundtheearth.主句的时态从句的时态例句(三)．时间状语变化一般此刻时所需的任何时态Hesays||，”helikesmathverymuch.Hesays→Hesaysthathelikesmathverymuch直接引语间接引语一般此刻时一般过去时Hesaid||，“heisastudent.→”Hesaidthathewasastudent一般过去时此刻进行时过去进行时Hesaid||，“heisreading.”→HesaidthathewasreadingHesaid一般未来时过去未来时Hesaid||，“hewillgohome”→Hesaidthathewouldgohome一般过去时过去达成时Hesaid||，“hewenthome”→Hesaidthathehadgonehome此刻达成时过去达成时Hesaid||，“hehasgonehome”→Hesaidthathehadgonehome过去达成时过去达成时Hesaid||，“hehadgonehome”→Hesaidthathehadgonehome直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthatthesethosenowthentodaythatdaytonightthatnight第1页/共6页thisweekthatweek时间状语yesterdaythedaybeforelastweektheweekbeforethreedaysagothreedaysbeforetomorrowthenextday/thefollowingdaynextweekthenextweek/thefollowingweek地址状语herethere动词comegobringtake★(四)．连结词1．从句为陈说句||，常选择连结词that或将that省略||，直接与主句相连||。2．从句为一般疑问句||，常选择连结词if或whether||。3．从句为特别疑问句||，常选择what||，when||，where||，which||，who||，how等的疑问代、副词作连结词||。注意：当who为主语时||，句式为：who+谓语+其余直接引语连结词例句注意事项陈说句一般疑问句特别疑问句祈使句注意：

thatHesaidtome||，“youcanhelpher.1.连”接词：that（常省略）→Hesaidtome(that)Icouldhelpher..2.引述动词said||，saidtosbtoldsb||，等Heaskedher||，“Doyouloveme?”1.改为“陈说语序”||。if/whether.→Heaskedherwhethershelovedhim.2.引述动词asked“能否”3.去掉Do||，Does||，Did改变Are||，Is||，Will||，Can地点特别疑问词：Heaskedhiswife||，“Howareyou?”1.改为“陈说语序”what||，→Heaskedhiswifehowshewas.2.去掉Do||，Does||，Didwho||，Heaskedme||，“Whatcolordoyou改变Are||，Is||，Will||，why||，how||，like?”Can地点which||，when→HeaskedmewhatcolorIliked.肯ask(tell)sb.Heshouted||，“Lily||，Closethedoor.1.”不用连结词定todosth→HetoldLilytoclosethedoor.2.不改变时态||。否ask(tell)sb.Hesaidtome||，“Don’tbelate.”3.不必考虑语序定nottodosth.→Heaskedmenottobelate.1.语序不变的有：What’thematterwithyou?What’swrongwithyou?但What’sthetroublewithyou?的语序要变1）从句中有or/ornot||。例：sheaskswhetherhestayed||。2.只用whether2）与不定式todo连用||。例：Ican’tdecidewhethertotellhimthenews3)在介词后||。例：theyaretalkingaboutwhethertheycanaffordthenewhouse用法是有区其余||，但当if/whether同时出此刻选项中的时候||，我们要选whether★3.宾语从句语序：陈语述序||，即：连结词+主语+谓语+其余||。或连结词（此时连结词充任主语）+谓语+其余||。陈说语序中：be动词、助动词、神态动词不可以提到主语前||。例：1）canyoutellmewhereisthehospital错(）第2页/共6页canyoutellmewherethehospitalis.对(）2）Idon’tknowwhetherdoeshespeakChinese错(）Idon’tknowwhetherhespeaksChinese对(）3）Iamnotsurewhatcanhedo错(）Iamnotsurewhathecando对(）中考考点：时态、语序、连结词练习题一、填空||，每空一词：1.“Iamhavingsupper||，”hesaid.Hesaidthat_____________havingsupper.2.“I’veseenthe||film，”Ginasaidtome.Gina_______methatshe______________thefilm.3.“Iwenthomewithmysister||，”shesaid.Shesaidthat_____________________homewithhersister.4.Theteachersaid||，“Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.”Theteachersaidthatthesun_______biggerthanthemoon.5.“Imetheryesterday||，”hesaidtome.Hetoldmethathe_______methertheday_______.6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive||，”hesaid.HesaidthatI_______togo_______beforefive.7.“Iboughtthecomputertwoweeksago||，”shesaid.Shesaidthatshe_______boughtthecomputertwoweeks_______.8.“Didyoureadthebooklastweek?”hesaid.He______________Ihadreadthebooktheweek_______.9.Hesaid||，“Youcansithere||，Jim.”He_______Jimthathe_______sitthere10.Heasked||，“Howdidyoufindit||，mother?”Heaskedhermother_____________________foundit.11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?”heasked.Heaskedme_____________________been_______days.第3页/共6页12“Doyouknowwhereshelives?”heasked.Heasked______________knewwhereshe_______.13.“Keepquiet||，children.”hesaid.He_______thechildren______________quiet.14.“Don’tlookoutofthewindow||，”shesaid.Shetoldme_____________________outofthewindow.15.“Areyouinterestedinthis?”hesaid.He______________Iwasinterestedin_______.二、选择：1.Ourteacheraskedus_____ourdictionariestoschool.A.bringB.broughtC.bringD.tobring2.Theteachertoldtheboystudents______footballonthegrass.A.notplayB.nottoplayC.playedD.playing3.____Tomdidn’tgotoschool?A.DoyouknowhowB.WhydoyouknowC.HowyouknowwhyD.Doyouknowwhy4.Shelookssad.Couldyoupleasetellme_____thatpreventsherfrombeingashappyasbefore?A.whatitisB.itiswhatC.howitisD.itishow5.Bettyaskedhersister____totherailwaystationtoseeheroff.A.nottocomeB.nottogoC.tonotcomeD.tonotgo6.Thepupilaskedhisteacher_____roundtheearth.A.weatherthemoongoesB.thatthemoonwentC.whetherthemoongoesD.whetherthemoonwent7.Mr.Li____WangLing____ataxitotheairport.A.asked;takeB.asked;takingC.told;takeD.told;totake8.Sheaskedhim____.A.whosedictionarythisisB.whosedictionarythatwasC.whosedictionaryisthisD.whosedictionarythatisMary’smotheraskedher_____.thatwhethershehadfinishedherhomeworkifshehasfinishedherhomeworkifshehadfinishedherhomeworkthatifshehadfinishedherhomeworkDoyouknow____?A.whatishedoingB.whathedoingC.whatheisdoingD.whatdoeshedonow11.Idon’tknow____earntolEnglish.A.whendidhebeginB.whenhebeganC.hewhenbeganD.whenhebeginsHeaskedme____.howwouldtheweatherbeliketomorrowwhattheweatherwouldbelikethenextday第4页/共6页C.howtheweatherwouldbeliketomorrowD.whatwouldtheweatherbelikethenextday13.Youcan’timagine____whentheyreceivedtheseniceSpringFestivalpresents.A.howexcitedtheywereB.howexcitedweretheyC.howtheywereexcitedD.theywerehowexcited14.Shetoldmethatshe____byherrelativesatthebusstop.A.hadbeenseenoffB.haveseenoffC.havebeenseenoffD.hadseenoff15.Doyourememberhowmanytimes____toAustralia?A.hadyoubeenB.didyougoC.haveyoubeenD.youhavebeen16.Canyouguess____?A.whatisthatmanB.whothatmanisC.whomthatmanisD.whoisthatmanMoreandmorestudentsandteachershavebegantoknow____.howimportanttheforeignlanguagearehowtheforeignlanguageisimportanthowimportanttheforeignlanguageishowimportantistheforeignlanguageThehostesssaidthatit___timethatthey___supper.A.was;hadB.was;hadhadC.is;haveD.is;havehad19.Thebossaskedhissecretary____hehadfinishedtypingthereport____.A.if;ornotB.if;notC.whether;ornotD.whether;not20.Iwonderhowmuch_____.A.doeshespendonhiscarB.didhespendonhiscarC.hespentonhiscarD.hespentinhiscar答案一、填空he||，was||。在直接引语变成间接引语时||，代词I要变成he；主句为过去时态||，宾语从句往常要将时态今后推一个||，即此刻进行时amhaving变成过去进行时washaving||。2.told||，had||，seen||。直接引语中的saidtosb在变成间接引语时应改为toldsb；此刻达成时haveseen改为过去达成时hadseen||。3.she||，had||，gone||。直接引语变成间接引语时||，人称代词I应变成she；一般过去时went改为过去完成时hadgone||。4.is||。直接引语变成间接引语时||，若直接引语为客观真谛||，则变成间接引语不时态不变||。5.had||，before||。直接引语是一般过去时met||，变成间接引语时应改为过去达成时hadmet；时间状语yesterday应改为thedaybefore6.had||，there||。如直接引语中的谓语动词含有神态动词must||，变成间接引语时用hadto；地址状语here相应地改为there||。7.had||，before||。直接引语是一般过去时bought||，变成间接引语时应改为过去达成时hadbought；时间状语twoweeksago应改为twoweeksbefore||。8.asked||，if(whether)||，before||。当直接引语是一般疑问句||