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--U4(BX5)1.occupationn.(job,profession)Pleasestateyourname,ageand~.用法:occupyv.Readingoccupies(takesup)mostofmyfreetime.阅读占去了我安闲时间的大多数。Thebathroomisoccupied.浴室有人在用。~oneself(indoingsth/withsth)——keeponeselfbusy(doingsth/withsth)忙着(做某事);忙(于某事物)=beoccupied(indoingsth/withsth.)He’soccupiedinolokingafter/withthreesmallchildren.byoccupationHeisabusdriverbyoccupation.他的职业是公车司机profession-professional-professorbyprofession任职业来说Idon’toknwwhatprofessionwouldsuitme.Heisalawyerbyprofession.Forprofessionalfootballers,injuresareanoccupationalhazard.suppose表示“猜想;以为”之意,相当于think或guess,常有用法有:1.后接宾语从句。如:Johnsupposedthathecouldfindsomecoinssoon.Idon'tsupposeshewillagreewithus,willshe?2.后接名词或代词+不定式(不定式为tobe经常可省略)。如:Weallsupposehim(tobe)anexpertinthisfield.3.与believe,think,guess,expect等同样,后接so或not,后边省略了宾语部分。如:—Willhecomewithus?他会跟我们来吗?—Yes,Isupposeso.我想会的。—Willitraintomorrow?明日会下雨吗?—No,Isupposenot/Idon'tsupposeso.我想不会。4.与believe,think,guess,expect同样,可组成复杂特别疑问句(特别疑问词+doyousuppose+宾语从句的其余部分)。如:①Whendoyousupposetheywilltaketheexam?你以为他们什么时候考试?②Whodoyousupposeturneduplastnight?你以为昨晚谁来过?5.suppose或supposing放在句首,表条件,指引状语从句,相当于if或incase等。如:①Suppose/Supposingthecarbreaksdown,whatshallwedo?万一车子抛锚,我们怎么办?②Suppose/Supposingtheydidn'tbelieveit,howshouldwetrytopersuadethem?6.suppose+宾语从句可用来表建议,意为“怎么样?”或“何不?”。如:①Supposewegoforapicnictomorrow.我们明日去野餐怎么样?②Supposeweputoffthemeeting.我们把会议推延吧。----7.besupposedto...意为“应当”;“被希望”,它能够用来表示劝说、建议、义务、责任等,相当于神态动词should。e.g:Everyoneissupposedtowearaseat-beltinthecar.每一个人在汽车里都应当系安全带。Teachersaresupposedtotreatallthestudentsalike.老师应当对全部的学生视同一律。besupposedto后边接“have+过去分词”时,或was/were+supposedtodo表示“本应当做某事而没做”。如:Youaresupposedtohavehandedinyourhomeworkbynow.此刻你应当已经把作业交上来了。Heissupposedtohavearrivedanhourago.他应当一小时前就到了。Weweresupposedtobehereat8.00,butwearelate.3.NeverwillZhouYangforgethisfirstassignmentattheofficeofapopularlocalnewspaper.这里是倒装(Inversion),此句的正常句序是:ZhouYangwillneverforgethisfirstassignmentattheofficeof.注意:当一些否定词,如:never,little,hardly,scarcely,seldom,not,notonly,nosooner(than刚就)放在句首时,句子部分倒装,即句序为:否定词+助动词+主语+谓语Maybeyouhavebeentomanycountries,butnowhereelsecanyoufind(你能找到)suchabeautifulplace.IfinallygotthejobIdreamedabout.NeverinmylifehadIfelt(我感到)sohappy.Only+状语放在句首,部分倒装Onlyinabigcitywasitpossibletobuyanewwheelchair.Onlybyseizingeveryminutecanwefinishitontime.Onlythendidwerealizethatthemanwasblind.Onlywhenhisdreamcomestruedoesshefeelrelieved.OnlyMikehasgottheinvitation.Only修饰其余成分,如主语不惹起倒装4.Hisdiscussionwithhisnewboss,HuXin,wastostronglyinfluencehisifeasajournalist.beto+动词原形,这里表示未来的时态,有注定的意味。Hiscontinuouseffortistomakehimasuccessfulman.(注定)ouaretobebackbefore10pm.(一定)Theletteristobehandedtohiminperson.(一定)Whenareyoutoleaveforhome?(按计划或安排要做)Sheistobemarriednextmonth.(按计划或安排要做)Youaretoreporttothepolice.(应当)Youarenottosmokeinthisroom.=Youarenotsupposedtosmokeinthisroom.(应当)----Ifwearetobetherebeforeten,we’llhavetogonow.(想,打算)Suchbooksaretobefoundinthelibrary.(可能性)Ifitweretoraintomorrow,thesportsmeetingwouldbeputoff.(用于“ifweretodo”,表示虚构语气)was/weretohavedone,表示“本打算”、“本计划”或“本应当”做的事而没有做成或没有发生。Weweretohavetoldyou,butyouwerenotin.<短语>haveabad,good,beneficial,harmful,influencewith/on对...有影响undertheinfluenceof在影响下5.ButLondonhasbeeninfluencedonlybysomeinvadersofEngland.但是伦敦仅受一些入侵者的影响。influencevt.&n.影响,感动,影响力Thebookhadagreatinfluenceonhislife.Undertheinfluenceofmyfriend,Iboughtaredcoat.Myteacher’snifluencemademestudyscienceatcollege.Heisamanofinfluenceinthecity.Myteacherinfluencedmydecisiontostudyart.heweatherinfluencescrops.affect&influence意义邻近affect一般指生理/物质上的改变influence许多用于指感觉/态度上的改变e.g.1)Drinkingcanaffectyourabilitytodrive.2)TheTVadvertisementshaveinfluencedmyattitudetowardsdrinkiganddriving.6.delightn.&v.快乐,乐趣,快乐toone’sdelight令感觉快乐的是takedelightinsth/doingsth乐于,喜好delightsb.withsth.用某物使某人快乐delightin喜爱,喜好delightedadj.edelightedtodoThekidsrusheddowntothebeachwith/indelight.快乐地Tomysecretdelight,Sarahannouncedthatshewasleaving.令某人暗地快乐Tomtakesgreatdelightinmakingfunofhissister.=delightsin喜爱以为乐趣Theteacherdelighteduswithhishumor.Therearesomanydelightsintravels.1)Itookdelight_in_books.2)_To_hisdelight,hepassedthedrivingtest.3)Shedelights_in_beingsurroundedbyadmirers.----Fillintheblankswithin/to:.gooutonastory/cover1).Shewassentto2).Theroadwascovered

story.overtheevent.报导,采访withsnow.覆盖3).Shelaughedtocoverherworry.掩盖4).Theredarmycoveredabout30milesaday.走完多少里路5).Isthemoneyenoughtocoverthecostofanewshirt?(钱)够支付6).Hislecturecoveredthesubjectthoroughly.v.包含,波及8.Waittillyouaremoreexperienced.等你累积一些经验了才行.experiencedadj.有经验的,娴熟的,有见解经验丰富的常与介词in或at连用nexperienceddoctorHeisexperiencedin/atbargaining.CN经历,经历的事情UN经验,体验Thatwasanunpleasantexperience.Hehadn’tenoughexperienceforthejob.)n.experiencev.经历,体验Ourcountryhasexperiencedgreatchanges.9.eager---eagerlyadv.盼望地,热切地beeagerfor/aboutsth.盼望,很想beeagertodosth.盼望做某事Studentsareeagerfornewknowledge.学生们盼望知识Iameageraboutprogress.我盼望进步Sheiseagertovisitherboss.她急于去看她的老板eagernessn.热切,盼望10.assistvt./vi..救助,帮助;assistancen.assistantn.assist(sb)todosth=assist(sb)indoingassistsbwithsth.=helpsbwithsth帮某人做某事e.gThesemeasuresweredesignedtoassistpeoplewithdisabilities.Youwillberequiredtoassisthiminpreparingareport.Thisprogramassistsyoungpeopletofindwork.11.concentratev.集中,齐集concentrationn.集中,会合concentrateon/uponsth全神贯注做某事Shecouldn'tconcentrateonabookverylong.她不可以长时间专心读一本书。同义短语:fix/focus/centerone’sattentionon=putone’sheartinto=beabsorbedin=beburiedin=bedevotedto----12.NotonlyamIinterestedinphotography,butItookanamateurcourseatuniversitytoupdatemyskills.Notonlybutalso指引的并列句,如notonly位于句首,notonly所在句倒装。NotonlywillIgo,butalsoIwilltakemyparentsthere.不单我自己会去,我还会带我的父亲母亲去13.acquire(经过不停的学习,咨询慢慢获取学识,技术。)1.获得,获取ThemuseumhasjustacquiredafamouspaintingbyPabloPicasso.Graduallyweacquiredexperienceinhowtodothework.2.学到,掌握ShehasmasteredEnglishgrammarandacquiredalargevocabularywithoutthehelpofateacher.辨析:get为获取的最一般用语obtain表示经过很长时间或经过很大的努力而获取希望已久得东西。gain表付出更大的努力才能获取,译为博得。14.haveanosefor对很敏感;很擅长发现此类形象表达法还有:Shehasanearformusic.对有赏识能力Shehasaneyeforcolorandstyleinclothes.对有目光Don’tpokeyournoseintootherpeople’sbusiness.管闲事,参与与己没关的事Georgeturnedhisnoseupatclassicalmusic.对嗤之以鼻,看不起Telluswhathappened.Weareallears.正在听着,倾耳细听eturnedadeafeartowhatIsaid.对听不进去Don’ttellhimanything.Hehasabigmouth.嘴不严15.informvt.见告,通知informsb(of/aboutsth)——tellsbinformsbthateg:1)Didyouinformthemoftheprogressofthework?你把工作进度告诉他们了吗?2)We‘llkeepyouinformed(of/aboutwhathappens).我们将随时向你报告状况。16.meanwhileadv=meantime=inthemeantime/meanwhile=atthsametime同时Mymotherwentshopping.Meanwhile,Icleanedthehouse.妈妈去购物,与此同时,我打扫房间。7.dependon/upon+wh-从句视.而定,取决于dependon/upon+n依靠,依靠,确(坚)信dependon/upon+sb.+todo盼望某人做dependon/upon+it+that.盼望..----That(all)depends./italldepends.(口语)视状况而定,独自使用或置于句首。汉译英:1、Youcan’tdependonyourparentsforever.你不可以永久依靠你的父亲母亲。2、Youcan’etdpendonhimtocomeontime.你不可以盼望他能准时来。3、Youmaydependonitthathewillcome.你可相信他会来。4、Imayhelpyou.Butthat/itdepends.我能帮你,但那要看状况而定。5、Whetheryoucanpasstheexamdependsonhowhardyouwork.你可否经过考试取决于你有多努力。18.casen.事(实)例,情况;情(状)况;案件,诉讼eg:1.Thisisacommoncasewherethewordcanbeused.这是这个单词运用的常用例子。2.Thecasehewaslookingintotwoyearsagowassettledatlast.两年前他检查的案件终于了案了。-----incase倘若;省得,以防,以防万一(指引状语从句,从句谓语用一般此刻时,不用未来时态)incaseof...倘若,假如发生inanycase不论如何,不论如何innocase不论如何不,在任何状况下决不(置于句首时,句子采纳倒装语序)inthecaseof...就......来说,至于inthis/thatcase既然这/那样,倘若这/那样eg:1)Iwillstayathomealldaylongincasehecallsme.我将一成天呆在家里,以防他给我打电话。2)Incaseoffire,ringthealarmbell.如遇火警,就按警铃。3)InnocasewillIgiveintodifficulty.我绝不会向困难低头4)Youhavefinished,haven’tyou?Inthatcase,youmaygo.19.accusevt.谴责,斥责;指控accusesb.ofsth.指控某人做某事=chargesb.withsth.谴责某人做某事eg:1)Thepoliceaccusedhimoftheft.警察指控他盗窃。2)Hewasaccusedofmurder.他被控谋杀。概括总结:remindsb.ofsth.提示某人某事/使某人想起某事warnsb.ofsth.警示某人某事suspectsb.ofsth.思疑某人某事informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事curesb.ofsth.治好某人robsb.ofsth.抢了某人20.Haveyoueverhadacasewheresomebodyaccusedyourreportersofgettingthewrongendofthestick?getthewrongendofthestick完整误会,弄错Hegot(heldof)thewrongendofthestick他完整搞错了。21.soastodosth.“为了”不可以用在句首=inordertodosth.可放句子中任何地点=sothat+从句----=inorderthat+从句句型变换:Igotupatfivesoastocatchthetrain=Igotupatfiveinordertocatchthetrain.=IgotupatfivesothatIcouldcatchthetrain.我买了些牛肉和蔬菜,为的是给晚餐做个汤:Iboughtsomebeefandvegetablessoastomakeasoupfordinner.IboughtsomebeefandvegetablesinordertomakeasoupfordinnerIboughtsomebeefandvegetablessothatIcouldmakeasoupfordinnerIboughtsomebeefandvegetablesinorderthatIcouldmakeasoupfordinner22.denyvt.否定,否定[+v-ing][+(that)]Thereisnodenyingthat...事实不行否定...Idonotdenythatisaseriousblow.我不否定那是严重的一击。2.denydoing=denyhavingdoneHedeniedhavingseenthesewatchesbefore.他否定以前见过这些腕表。Hedidn'tdenythefacts.他不否定事实。3.拒绝赐予;拒绝...的要求Womenweredeniedtherighttovotethen.那时妇女被拒给选举权。23.scepticalbescepticalofabouthisabilitydemand用作名词,有以下两个用法:表示“要求”:Theyrejectedtheuniondemand.他们拒绝了工会的要求。Aren’thtoseallreasonabledemands?这些莫非不都是合理要求吗?表示“需求”:Thesupplyofapplesexceedsthedemandthisyear.今年的苹果供大于求。Thereisagreatdemandfortypists.需要大批的打字员。Thesegoodsareingooddemand.这些货物销量很大。Thereisagreatdemandforthesegoods.对这些货物的需求量很大。Sheisingreatdemandasasinger.作为歌后很受欢迎。meet/satisfythedemand知足需求2.用作动词,意为“要求”、“需求”,往常为及物动词,其宾语能够是名词、不定式、that从句(从句谓语往常为虚构的)。如:名词(或代词):Theworkersalsodemandedhigherwages.工人们还要求提升薪资。不定式:Shedemandedtoseetheeditors.她要求见编写。Hedemandedtobetoldeverything.他要求把全部都告诉他。从句:IdemandthatJohn(should)gothereatonce.我要求约翰立刻到那边去。Theydemandedthattherighttovotebegiventoeveryadultman.他们要求每个成年人都应有选举权。比较同义句:----Hedemanadedanimmediateanswer.=Hedemandedtogetanimmediateanswer.他要求立刻获取回复。Hedemandedtobetoldeverything.=Hedemandedthathe(should)betoldeverything.他要求把全部都告诉他。【注】demand可后接不定式,但往常不接不定式的复合构造,若意义上需要这种构造,可换成that从句或在demand后接of。如:他要求她同我们一同去。误:Hedemandedhertogowithus.正:Hedemandedthatshe(should)gowithus.正:Hedemandedofhertogowithus.3.表示“向某人要求某物”,可用demandsthof[from]sb。如:Hedemandedanapologyfromtheboss.他要求老板致歉thoroughadj.完全的,详细的,完整的,周祥的,(人)十分认真的eg:1)athoroughknowledgeofthesubject对这一学科透辟的认识2)Thefilmwasathoroughsuccess.这部电影获取极大的成功3)Youmustpromisemetotakeathoroughrest.你得答应让我好好歇息一下。4)Sheisnotbrilliant,butsheisthorough.她并不是才干横溢,但很仔细。-----thoroughlyadv.极其完整,完全thoroughnessn.深入,完全15.aheadof...(时间,空间)在.....前面;早于;当先eg:1)Threeboyswereaheadofus.有三个小伙子在我们前面。2)Ifinishedtheworkseveraldaysaheadofthedeadline.我在最后限期的头几日达成了工作3)Shewasalwayswellaheadoftherestoftheclass.她老是遥遥当先班上的同学。aheadoftimesenioradj.年长的,高年级的;高级的eg:1)Manyofthemarepublishedforseniorhighschoolstudents.很多报纸是为高中生第一版的。2)Seniorpeoplecanvisittheplacefreeofcharge.年龄大的人能够免费阅读这个地方。3)Onlyonemanagerisseniortomenow.只有一个经理比我职位高。4)Jillwillbeaseniorthisyear.吉尔今年毕业。settoworksetto(doing)sth.=getdownto(doing)sth.setouttodosth./setaboutdoingsthpayattentionto(to是介词)lookforwardtodevotetobe/getusedto.leadtosticktoobjectto----contributetoaccurateinaccurateadj./accuracyn.1)Thatwastheaccuratereportontheaffair.2)Isyourwatchaccurate?3)Heisaccurateinhisjudgement/atfigures.Polishv./n.1)Youhadbetteraskyourteachertopolishyourspeech/article.2)Youneedn’top

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